Basic 2

Prévia do material em texto

Caxias do Sul - RS - Brasil
2021
Copyright © 2021 Jeff eson Juscelino da Silva Sobral
Edição: Vírtua Editora Mul� mídia
Projeto gráfi co e revisão de texto: 
Rafael Augusto Machado (Jornalista MTE-RS 14.140)
Fotos: Pexels, Freepik e Pixabay
Criação de capa: Rafael Augusto Machado
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Sumário
Lesson 01 ................................................... 5
Lesson 02.................................................. 13
Lesson 03 ................................................. 23
Lesson 04 ................................................. 33
Lesson 05 ................................................. 41
Lesson 06 ................................................. 57
Lesson 07 ................................................. 66
Lesson 08 ................................................. 74
Lesson 09 ................................................. 84
Lesson 10 ................................................. 93
Basic 2
5
Lesson 01
The power 
went out
Noah – Hey dad, where are you now?
Jack – I am at the mall son, where are you?
Noah – I am in the park. I need some items from there, could 
you buy them for me please?
Jack – Of course. Where is your brother? Is he with you? 
Noah – No dad, I think he is at home or at the offi ce. I am not 
sure.
Jack – OK then. Tell me what you need.
Noah – I need a new charger for my phone and another one 
for my laptop.
Jack – Jesus! What happened to your devices? 
Noah – The power went out last night and they are all broken 
now. 
Jack – Damn it! That's too bad! Do you think the power went 
out because of the rain last night? The weather yesterday was 
crazy.
Noah – Rain dad? That was a huge storm. But yeah, every year 
when the summer storms hit our town, we have electricity 
problems. What � me will you be at home?
Jack – I will be home around 3 pm. I am just wai� ng the end 
of the mee� ng.
Noah – Ok. Bye then, see you later.
Jack – See you. I'll talk to you later. 
© Pixabay
Basic 2
6
• Perceba que dependendo do lugar que mencionamos, a preposi-
ção muda. Para alguns lugares usamos at ou in antes da preposição: 
I will be home/at home. Neste momento não perca sua cabeça com 
isso. Você aprenderá a diferenciar pelo uso e exposição constante.
Verbs
1. To buy, bought - comprar
2. To rain, rained - chover
3. To hit, hit - a� ngir, bater
4. To wait, waited - esperar
5. To end, ended - terminar
To fi nish, fi nished - terminar, 
fi nalizar 
Finish + verb = ing
e.g.: I fi nished studying the 
lesson nine.
e.g.: Emma, please fi nish 
ea� ng, we need to go home.
Sentences
I want to buy a new laptop for me.
I broke my cellphone and I need to buy another one.
It is raining a lot today.
I will be at home before the rain hits my city.
Can you wait for me, please?
I am wai� ng for you.
••• Oral Prac� ce
• I need to buy a present for 
myself.
• Eu preciso comprar uma 
nova jaqueta para mim.
• It is raining in London today.
• The rain always hits the 
ground (chão).
• A chuva nunca a� nge 
minha cidade.
• She cannot wait for you.
• Eu não posso esperar por 
você.
• That is the end of our class.
• Este é o fi nal da estação.
• He needs to fi nish the 
lesson six.
• Eu preciso terminar minha 
10ª lição.
Basic 2
7
Around - por volta de/ em 
torno
At church - na igreja
At home - em casa
At school - na escola
At the bank - no banco
At the mall - no shopping 
At the offi ce - no escritório
At the university - na 
universidade
Broken - quebrado
Device - aparelho
Every year - todo ano
From here - daqui
From there - de lá
Huge - enorme
Parking lot - estacionamento
Last night - noite passada
Later - mais tarde
Lightning - raio
Only - só/ somente/ apenas
Power - força, energia
Rain - chuva
Storm - tempestade
Thunder - trovão
Tiny - minúsculo
Town - cidade (menor)
Weather - tempo (clima)
••• Vocabulary
••• Oral Prac� ce
• My boyfriend is wai� ng for 
me at the mall. 
• There are some items from 
the offi ce that I need for to-
morrow.
• Meu notebook precisa de 
um novo carregador.
• She needs another device 
to call her mother.
• Nós estamos no estaciona-
mento esperando a tempes-
tade passar
• The power went out last 
night and my cellphone is 
broken now.
• Eu não sei por que faltou 
luz ontem à noite.
• We arrived late for the 
class today, so we need to 
study more. 
• On the other hand, my cell-
phone is � ny.
• All I need is � me to sleep 
and more money to buy 
things.
• The spring always comes 
a� er the winter. 
• Nós somos apenas nove 
pessoas na família.
• There is a solu� on for every 
problem.
Basic 2
8
Expressions 
Good to know that! – Bom saber disso.
Yeah! – Sim, é.
Damn it! – Droga! (serve para muitos palavrões)
Bye then! – Então tchau!
See you later! – Até logo, te vejo mais tarde.
See you! – Até mais!
Talk to you later! – Falo con� go depois!
I am not sure – Não tenho certeza.
The power went out – A luz acabou.
© pexels.com
• Damn it! I hit my head on 
the wall
• Is Jeff your teacher too? - 
Yeah - Good to know that!
• Te vejo mais tarde.
• A luz acabou ontem à noite. 
• Então tchau! Falo con� go 
depois.
• Não tenho certeza sobre 
isso.
••• Oral Prac� ce
Basic 2
9
••• Translate
Noah – Hey dad, where are 
you now?
Jack – I am at the mall son, 
where are you?
Noah – I am in the park. I need 
some items from there, could 
you buy them for me please?
Jack – Of course. Where is 
your brother? Is he with you? 
Noah – No dad, I think he is 
at home or at the offi ce. I am 
not sure.
Jack – OK then. Tell me what 
you need.
Noah – I need a new charger 
for my phone and another 
one for my laptop.
Jack – Jesus! What happened 
to your devices? 
Noah – The power went out 
last night and they are all bro-
ken now. 
Jack – Damn it! That's too 
bad! Do you think the power 
went out because of the rain 
last night? The weather yes-
terday was crazy.
Noah – Rain dad? That was 
a huge storm. But yeah, ev-
ery year when the summer 
storms hit our town, we have 
electricity problems. What 
� me will you be at home?
Jack – I will be home around 3 
pm. I am just wai� ng the end 
of the mee� ng.
Noah – Ok. Bye then, see you 
later.
Jack – See you. I'll talk to you 
later.
The power went out
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Basic 2
10
© freepik.com 
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1) According to the text, 
where were (estavam) the 
characteres (personagens)?
a) At the mall and at school.
b) Only at the mall.
c) Only in the park.
d) At the__________________________________________________
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1) According to the text, 
what a good sleep usually 
means?
a) It means to sleep well and 
dream with angels. 
b) It means to sleep around 8 
hours nonstop.
c) It means to run around 8 
hours nonstop.
d) It means to sleep around 8 
nights nonstop.
2) According to the text, 
besides the numbers of 
hours slept, what else is also 
important?
a) To have a very good dinner 
before bed� me.
b) The quality of sleep.
c) The quan� ty of sleep.
d) To have fun with your 
friends.
••• Exercise 6
Basic 2
63
3) According to the text how 
is insomnia defi ned?
a) As a sleep eff ect in which 
people cannot breathe. 
b) As a sleep disorder in which 
people sleep very much.
c) As a psychological disorder 
in which people oversleep.
d) As a sleep disorder in 
which people cannot sleep.
4) Which of these 
alterna� ves contain a cause 
that was NOT cited as cause 
of poor sleep?
a) Electronic devices, 
caff eine, nico� ne.
b) Caff eine, medica� ons, 
work schedule.
c) Psychological stress, 
hormonal changes.
d) Lack of physical ac� vity, 
taking long showers.
5) Which of these 
alterna� ves contains the 
causes of insomnia?
a) Low immunity, nico� ne.
b) Anxiety and psychological 
stress.
c) Infec� on complica� ons, 
bruxism.
d) Risk of anxiety or 
depression.
6) Which of these 
alterna� ves, contains a � p 
that was NOT cited as eff ect 
of poor sleep?
a) Not to drink alcohol.
b) Not to consume caff eine 
in the a� ernoon or at night.
c) Wake up every day at the 
same � me.
d) Con� nue using electronic 
devices before bed� me.
7) Translate: "I didn't mean 
to make you sad". 
a) Eu não � ve a intenção de 
te fazer feliz.
b) Eu não signifi quei o fazer 
triste.
c) Eu não quero te fazer feliz.
d) Eu não � ve a intenção de 
te deixar triste.
8) Translate: "I like to 
include all my friends in the 
things I do".
a) Eu gosto de listar todos 
meus amigos nas coisas que 
eu faço.
b) Eu gosto de incluir todos 
meus amigos nas festas que 
eu faço.
c) Eu gosto de incluir todos 
meus amigos nas coisas que 
eu faço.
Basic 2
64
d) Eu gosto de incluir alguns 
dos meus amigos nas coisas 
que eu faço.
9) Translate: "As a result of 
sleep depriva� on, several 
eff ects can be cited".
a) Como resultado de 
privação de sono, vários 
efeitos podem ser citados.
b) Assim como os resultado 
de privação de sono, vários 
efeitos podem ser citados.
c) Como amostra de privação 
de sono, vários efeitos 
podem ser citados.
d) Como resultado de 
depravação de sono, vários 
efeitos podem ser citados.
10) Complete with the best 
verbs: When we are ______ 
a scien� fi c ar� cle, we must 
____ many authors.
a) Watching, hear.
b) Reading, cite.
c) Wri� ng, cite.
d) Wri� ng, make.
11) Complete with the best 
verbs: I don’t like to _______ 
people on Instagram only to 
______ a follow back.
a) Follow, receive.
b) Receive, follow.
c) Follow, say.
d) Follow, make.
12) Which sentence is 
completely correct?
a) In my family, my dad 
suff ers from high blood 
pressure. 
b) As a teacher and student, 
me vaca� ons are usually in 
January.
c) As an teacher and student 
my vaca� ons are usually in 
January.
d) There is several common 
causes of sleep depriva� on.
13) Translate the verbs, 
respec� vely: To rest, to 
mean, to suff er, to cite.
a) Descansar, querer dizer/
fazer, sofrer, citar.
b) Descansar, querer dizer/
fazer, socorrer, citar.
c) Cansar, querer dizer/fazer, 
sofrer, citar.
d) Descansar, analisar, sofrer, 
citar.
Basic 2
65
14) Translate the words, 
respec� vely: Lack, overuse, 
device, schedule 
a) Falta, uso rela� vo, 
aparelho, cronograma.
b) Excesso, uso regular, 
aparelho, programa.
c) Falta, uso exagerado, 
aparelho, cronograma.
d) Excesso, uso exagerado, 
aparelho, programa.
15) Translate the words, 
respec� vely: nevertheless, 
as well as, nowadays, 
insomnia. 
a) Todavia, assim como, todo 
dia, insônia.
b) Todavia, assim como, hoje 
em dia, insônia.
c) Por causa disto, assim 
como, hoje em dia, insônia.
d) Todavia, de forma alguma, 
hoje em dia, insônia.
© pexels.com
Let’s practice!
Answers:
1-b, 2-b, 3d, 4d, 5b, 6d, 7d, 8c, 
9a, 10c, 11a, 12a, 13a, 14c, 
15b.
Basic 2
66
Lesson 07 Job interview
Employee candidate - Good morning. What is your name?
Employee candidate - My name is Joe Alib and here is my 
résumé.
Employer - Alright. Let me take a look. You have an excellent 
résumé. Where do you live?
Employee candidate - I live in Boston, Massachuse� s.
Employer - How old are you?
Employee candidate - I am 28 years old
Employer - What is your major?
Employee candidate - My major is Mathema� cs applied to 
so� ware. 
Employer - Where did you go to college?
Employee candidate - I went to Massachuse� s Ins� tute of 
Technology (MIT)
Employer - That's fantas� c. Why do you want to work for this 
company?
Employee candidate - I would love to work for this company 
because of its value and reputa� on and I think there is so much 
to learn here. I want to stay here and be part of the team.
Employer - What quali� es do you think you have for this job 
posi� on?
Employee candidate - I consider myself an innova� ve person, 
punctual and with a good interpersonal communica� on.
Employer - Do you know how to drive?
Employee candidate - Yes, I do. I got my driver's license three 
years ago.
Employer - I can see in your résumé that you may be over-
qualifi ed for this posi� on. What's your opinion?
Employee candidate - I don't mind. As long as I am working 
with the things I like, I don't mind being over-qualifi ed for this 
posi� on. 
Employer - Ok dear. I'll call you on Tuesday to give you a 
feedback.Employee candidate - That's fi ne. I appreciate your 
� me. Bye.
Basic 2
67
They had to leave on Wednesday. 
I went to the supermarket in the morning.
I thought you were Joe's friend, but actually, you are Joe's 
cousin.
She got a new car for her birthday.
My son grew up very fast and now he is very tall (alto).
Verbs (Review - Past)
1- To take a look, took a look - Olhar, dar uma olhada.
2- To learn, learned - Aprender.
3- To consider, considered - Considerar.
4- To give, gave - Dar.
6- To intend, intended - Pretender (ter a intenção de).
7- To stay, stayed - Ficar, permanecer.
8- To drive, drove - Dirigir.
Verbs
KNOW/LEARN + HOW TO
Sabemos que o verbo to know signifi ca saber ou conhecer.
- I don't know about your cat, dear.
- Do you know my mother?
No entanto para dizer que sabemos fazer alguma coisa 
precisamos acrescentar as palavras HOW TO antes do 
verbo (infi ni� vo).
- I know how to cook.
- She knows how to drive.
As mesmas regras se aplicam para o verbo to learn.
- We all must learn how to cook.
- I need to learn how to speak English.
Sentences 
Hey, take a look at these jeans I bought at the shopping mall.
Don't consider the things you hear as the only truth (verdade).
I am not going to give you any piece of my hamburger.
I intend to travel on my next vaca� on.
He asked me to stay at his house tonight.
We drove for many hours un� l we get here.
Basic 2
68
••• Conversa� on Prac� ce
• When I go to the shopping mall, I like to take a look at the 
cellphones, laptop and other technology devices. When you 
go to the shopping mall, what do you like to take a look at? 
• I like to learn about English, Science, Spanish. And you, 
what else do you like to learn about? 
• When I was a child, my parents used to give me money 
as a birthday present. When you were a child, what did you 
parents used to giveyou as a birthday present? 
• On my next vaca� on, I intend to travel and buy more 
clothes. What about you, what do you intend to do on your 
next vaca� on? 
• Do you know how to drive? Do you have a driver's license? 
Don't mind x Don't care
Usamos don't mind / doesn’t mind para expressar que 
algo não nos incomoda ou não nos preocupa. Geralmente 
em uma situação não irritante, onde se alguém fi zer uma 
escolha por você, você não irá se incomodar.
- We are late, but I don't mind wai� ng for you.
- He doesn’t mind living near the airport.
Note - É comum o uso don't mind / doesn’t mind com um 
verbo logo após. Nesses casos, o verbo deve ser u� lizado 
com a terminação ING, como nos exemplos acima. 
Usamos don't care/doesn’t care para expressar indiferença. 
Às vezes de forma rude. É u� lizado também para dizer 
que você não quer saber de algo, independentemente das 
circunstâncias.
- I don't care who hit my car. I am going to call the police.
- I don't care what you think.
Basic 2
69
Adjec� ves for good workers/employees
Punctual – Pontual - On � me, not late.
Mary is very punctual. She never arrives late at work.
Autonomous – Autônomo - Independent, can make a 
decision individually.
Mark is an autonomous person at work. He has autonomy 
to do several things in his company.
Proac� ve – Proa� vo - Can take ac� ons before they are 
asked to.
I like to be proac� ve when I am working, because I don’t 
like to wait for other people.
Hardworking – Trabalhador(a) (que trabalha duro) - Person 
who work hard with a lot of eff ort and care. 
Erick and his family are hardworking. They work very hard 
at their company.
Confi dent – Confi ante, seguro – certain of your abili� es, 
not afraid.
Lucy is so confi dent, right? I want to be like her.
Ambi� ous – Ambicioso – having a strong determina� on to 
be successful.
Ashley is an ambi� ous girl. She really wants to be 
successful in life.
Adaptable – Flexível, adaptável – able or willing to change.
Nowadays, we must be very adaptable when working in 
any company.
Respec� ul – Respeitoso(a) – person who respect others or 
who shows admira� on. 
At the workplace, all the employers and employees must 
be respec� ul.
As long as - contanto que, 
desde que
Chemistry - química
Company - empresa, 
companhia
Driver's license - carteira de 
motorista/ habilitação
Employee- empregado
Employer - empregador 
Major - curso de graduação 
Over-qualifi ed - super-
qualifi cado
Résumé - currículo
Skill - habilidade
Technical - técnico
Unemployed - desempregado 
Value - valor
••• Vocabulary
Basic 2
70
••• Conversa� on Time
• What basic informa� on do you think is necessary on a 
résumé?
• What is your major? 
• My favorite subject (disciplina) at school was science. What 
was your favorite subject?
• I think Ne� lix is a company with a good reputa� on. Can you 
cite any other companies with good reputa� on?
••• Job Interview Prac� ce
Here we are going to simulate a job interview where the 
students will be interviewed, and the hiring company is the 
SoEnglish. Each student must be interviewed individually (5 
ques� ons each one).
• What is your full name?
• How old are you?
• Where are you from?
• And where do you live right now?
• Where did you go to college?
• Can you tell me some quali� es about yourself?
• What is a good company in your opinion?
• What do you know about our company?
• Why do you want to work for this company?
• What kind of technical skills do you think you have for this 
job posi� on?
• How long do you intend to stay with us?
© freepik.com
Basic 2
71
As long as – Contanto que, desde que, pelo tempo que
1- We use as long as to express condi� on. One thing only 
happens if other thing happens too.
- I don’t mind. As long as I am working with the things I like.
- “I don’t care what you did, as long as you love me” 
(Backstreet boys).
2- We also may use as long as to express the period of � me.
- I will remember you, as long as I live. 
Expressions 
1) According to the text 
what is Joe Alib's major?
a) Philosophy.
b) Chemistry.
c) Mathema� cs applied to 
computers.
d) Mathema� cs applied to 
so� ware. 
2) Where did he go to 
college?
a) Indiana State University.
b) Massachuse� s Ins� tute of 
Technology (MIT). 
c) Havard University.
d) Massachuse� s Ins� tute of 
Technology (AIT).
3) Why does he want to 
work for the employer 
company?
a) Because of its value and 
reputa� on. 
b) Because of its value and 
depriva� on.
c) Because he is unemployed 
and need a job.
d) Because he likes to work 
with computer.
4) One of Joe's quali� es was 
NOT cited in the text. Which 
one?
a) Great at solving problems.
b) Punctual. 
c) Innova� ve person.
d) Interpersonal 
communica� on.
••• Exercise 7
Basic 2
72
5) How long does Joe have 
his drivers license?
a) Three months.
b) Three years.
c) Three days.
d) Two years.
6) Why doesn’t Joe mind 
being over qualifi ed for the 
job posi� on?
a) He’s working with things 
that he likes.
b) He only cares about the 
money.
c) He always dreamed of 
working at that company.
d) He was looking for a 
pas� me.
7) Translate: "As long as I 
am working with the things 
I like".
a) Contanto que eu 
esteja trabalhando com 
computação.
b) Pelo tempo que for para 
eu trabalhar com so� ware.
c) Contanto que eu esteja 
trabalhando com as coisas 
que eu gosto.
d) Ao longo que eu esteja 
trabalhando com as coisas 
que eu gosto.
8) Translate: "I don't mind 
being over-qualifi ed for this 
posi� on".
a) Eu não ligo de ser super 
qualifi cado para esse cargo. 
b) Eu não ligo de ser super 
qualifi cado para esse 
departamento.
c) Eu não importo de estar 
um cargo abaixo de minha 
posição.
d) Eu não minto de ser super 
qualifi cado para esse cargo.
9) Translate de verbs, 
respec� vely: To take a look, 
to learn, to give, to stay, to 
drive.
a) Dar uma olhada, 
surpreender, dar, 
permanecer, dirigir.
b) Dar uma olhada, aprender, 
receber, permanecer, dirigir.
c) Dar uma olhada, aprender, 
dar, permanecer, dirigir.
d) Dar uma olhada, aprender, 
dar, mover, dirigir.
10) Don't mind X Don't care. 
Complete with the best 
expression. - I _____ who hit 
my car. I am going to call the 
police".
Basic 2
73
a) Don't mind.
b) Don't care. 
c) Doesn't mind.
d) Won't care.
11) Translate the words, 
respec� vely: employer, 
employee, unemployed, 
company.
a) Empregador, empregado, 
desempregado, companhia 
do Calypso. 
b) Empregador, empregado, 
desemprego, empresa. 
c) Empregado, empregador, 
desempregado, empresa. 
d) Empregador, empregado, 
desempregado, empresa. 
12) Which expression it is 
used to say something is not 
so important to you? 
a) I hope to see you soon.
b) I don't mind.
c) I look forward to hearing 
from you.
d) As long as.
13) Which alterna� ve is 
the best ANSWER for the 
ques� on: What are your 
technical skills?
a) I can work with the 
Microso� Offi ce, photoshop 
and google suite programs. 
b) My gradua� on is in 
chemistry and my master is 
in mathema� cs.
c) I am a good person and 
have a great heart. 
d) I studied at Harvard 
university.
14) Translate the adjec� ves, 
respec� vely: proac� ve, 
hardworking, confi dent, 
ambi� ous.
a) Empregador, empregado, 
desempregado, empresa
b) Proa� vo, trabalhador, 
sorridente, ambicioso.
c) Proa� vo, trabalhador, 
confi ante, ambicioso. 
d) Radioa� vo, trabalhador, 
confi ante, ambicioso.
15) Which alterna� ve is 
the best ANSWER for the 
ques� on: Why do you want 
to work here?
a) Because I need money.
b) Because I want to grow 
along with the company.
c) Because I am really � red.
d) Because I really love my 
friends and family.
Answers:
1-d, 2-b, 3-a, 4-a, 5-b, 6-a, 7-c, 
8-a, 9-c, 10-b, 11-d, 12-b, 13-a, 
14-c, 15-b.
Basic 2
74
Lesson 08
5 Environmental problems we 
should worry about
1- Climate Change: refers to 
long-term changes that aff ect the 
planet Earth. The main factors are 
temperature and precipita� on 
which may lead to high sea levels, 
ice mel� ng, and decrease in the 
biodiversity.
2- Air pollu� on: a mix of pollutants 
fromboth natural and ar� fi cial 
sources in the air. The main 
contribu� ng factors to air pollu� on 
are carbon dioxide (CO2) from car 
and factories, dust, pollen and 
mold.
3- Water pollu� on
Water pollu� on occurs when water bodies such as lakes, 
rivers and oceans are contaminated. This contamina� on can 
be a result of pathogenic microorganisms, toxic chemicals etc.
4- Soil pollu� on
Soil pollu� on occurs with the degrada� on of the earth's 
surface by the presence of high concentra� ons of toxic 
chemicals. The most harmful ac� vi� es to the soil caused 
by humans include farming, industry, mining, and military 
ac� vi� es.
5- Deforesta� on
Deforesta� on is the removal of trees and forest areas 
around the world, especially due to human ac� vity such as 
agriculture, urbaniza� on, and mining ac� vi� es.
© pexels.com
Basic 2
75
To refer - She referred to the dog as her son.
To cause - The disease was caused by many factors.
To aff ect - The solar radia� on aff ected the planet earth.
To decrease - The popula� on of this city decreased from 
10.000 to 9.500 people.
Verbs (Review Past)
1- To lead/ led - Conduzir, levar a (consequência), liderar.
2- To melt/ melted - Derreter.
3- To occur/ occured – Ocorrer.
Academic Verbs
4- To Believe/ believed - Acreditar.
5- To Forgive/ forgave - Perdoar.
6- To kill/ killed - Matar.
7- To die/ died – Morrer.
Extra Verbs
MODAL VERBS
They are used as auxiliary verbs of another main verb in a 
sentence. We must NOT use “TO” a� er a modal verb. 
To express Use Examples 
ABILITY CAN, 
COULD
Juan can speak English and 
Japanese.
I could write 3 paragraphs in 
the morning.
PERMISSION
CAN, 
COULD, 
MAY
Can/Could you get a glass of 
water for me please?
May I go to the bathroom, 
teacher?
POSSIBILITY MIGHT, 
MAY
It may rain today.
I might go to the party tonight.
ADVICE SHOULD You should eat less sugar on 
your diet.
OBLIGATION MUST
You must study for the exams
I must clean my house as soon 
as possible.
Basic 2
76
Sentences
A high blood pressure might lead to a heart a� ack.
Your chocolate may melt because the weather is extremely 
hot today.
Water pollu� on occurs when water is contaminated.
They believe in a be� er world.
Please forgive me. I didn't want to make you sad.
Julia must kill all those insects.
I should not die, because I am very young.
••• Wri� ng Ac� vity
Create sentences using the verbs below 
1 - Believe ________________________________________
__________________________________________________
2 - Die ____________________________________________
__________________________________________________
3 - Forgive ________________________________________
__________________________________________________
4 - kill ____________________________________________
__________________________________________________
••• Conversa� on Prac� ce
• The last elec� ons for president in Brazil occurred in _____. 
When will the next elec� ons for president in Brazil occur?
• The last elec� ons for president in USA occurred in _____. 
When will the next elec� ons for president in USA occur?
• Do you believe in God? (complete)
• Some people believe in life a� er death (morte). Do you 
believe in life a� er death? 
• Create a sentence using: I believe__________________
• Some� mes we need to forgive people. Do you forgive 
people easily? (Why/ Why not)
• Create using the word forgive.
Basic 2
77
• Some people prefer not to kill some insects at home. Do 
you kill insects at home? Why? 
• Create a sentence using the word kill. _________________
• I don't want to die because I am very young, and I need to 
live more. Give-me some reasons why you don’t want to die. 
Contribu� ng factors - fatores
contribuintes
Deforesta� on - desmatamento
Due to – devido a
Earth's surface – super� cie 
da terra
Factory - fábrica
Farming – agropecuária/
agricultura
Forest - fl oresta
Harmful - prejudicial
Ice mel� ng – derre� mento 
do gelo
Long-term – longo prazo
Main - principal
Mining - mineração
Mix - mistura
Mold – mofo (fungo)
Organic waste – resíduo 
orgânico
Pollutants - poluentes
River - rio
Sea level – nível do mar
Short-term – curto prazo
Soil - solo
Sources - fontes
Toxic chemicals – químicos 
tóxicos
Water body – corpo de água
••• Vocabulary
••• Conversa� on Prac� ce
• Some diseases have long-term eff ects and other diseases 
have short-term condi� ons. Is Dengue a long-term or short-
term disease? Did you ever have Dengue before?
• The climate in my town is warm in the summer and cold in 
the winter. How is the climate in your town/city?
• The temperature now in town/city is around _____ degrees 
Celsius. What about your town/city? How is the temperature 
now? 
• When was the last � me you visited the ocean?
Basic 2
78
• In my family there are some people who works with 
agriculture. Do you know anyone who works with 
agriculture?
• Do you know anyone who works with mining ac� vi� es?
• What is more interes� ng to you, working with agriculture, 
mining or military ac� vity? 
• In your opinion, what can we do to reduce the eff ects of the 
climate change?
ENGLISH PLURALS
Regular nouns+ S
car = cars
house = houses
apple = apples
Ends in S, CH, SH, 
X or Z+ ES
bus = buses
dish = dishes
boss = bosses
Ends in Vowel 
and Y + S
Day = days
key = keys
boy = boys
Ends in 
Consonant and Y 
+ IES
city = ci� es
party = par� es
story = stories
Ends in F or FE+ 
VES
wolf = wolves
wife = wives
life = lives
Irregular nouns
man = men
woman = women
child = children
person = people
foot = feet / tooth 
= teeth / fi sh = 
fi sh / species = 
species
Basic 2
79
••• Translate
1- Climate Change: refers 
to long-term changes that 
aff ect the planet Earth. The 
main factors are temperature 
and precipita� on which may 
lead to high sea levels, ice 
mel� ng, and decrease in the 
biodiversity.
2- Air pollu� on: a mix of 
pollutants from both natural 
and ar� fi cial sources in the 
air. The main contribu� ng 
factors to air pollu� on are 
carbon dioxide (CO2) from 
car and factories, dust, pollen 
and mold.
3- Water pollu� on
Water pollu� on occurs 
when water bodies such 
as lakes, rivers and oceans 
are contaminated. This 
contamina� on can be a 
result of pathogenic 
microorganisms, toxic 
chemicals etc.
4- Soil pollu� on
Soil pollu� on occurs with the 
degrada� on of the earth's 
surface by the presence of 
high concentra� ons of toxic 
chemicals. The most harmful 
ac� vi� es to the soil caused 
by humans include farming, 
industry, mining, and military 
ac� vi� es.
5- Deforesta� on
Deforesta� on is the removal 
of trees and forest areas 
around the world, especially 
due to human ac� vity such 
as agriculture, urbaniza� on, 
and mining ac� vi� es.
5 Environmental problems we should worry about
__________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
Basic 2
80
__________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
1) Match (combine) the 
defi ni� on with the word: 
Occurs with the degrada� on 
ofthe earth's surface.
a) Air pollu� on.
b) Environmental problem.
c) Soil pollu� on. 
d) Climate change.
2) Match the defi ni� on with 
the word: It is the removal 
of trees and forest areas 
around the world.
a) Deforesta� on.
b) Foresta� on.
c) Soil pollu� on.
d) Climate change.
••• Exercise 8
Basic 2
81
3) Match the defi ni� on 
with the word: It is a mix of 
pollutants in the air. 
a) Biodiversity decrease.
b) Water pollu� on.
c) Deforesta� on.
d) Air pollu� on.
4) According to the text, 
what is the defi ni� on of 
climate change.
a) It's a short-term change 
that aff ect the planet Earth.
b) It's an increase in the 
temperature on the global.
c) It's a long-term change 
that aff ect the planet Earth. 
d) It's a decrease in the 
biodiversity.
5) Complete with the best 
MODAL VERB: You ______ 
eat less sugar on your diet
a) Can.
b) Should.
c) May.
d) Might.
6) with the best MODAL 
VERB: You ______ do your 
homework and study for the 
test. 
a) Might. 
b) Can.
c) Must.
d) Could.
7) Complete with the best 
MODAL VERB: Complete 
with the best MODAL VERB: 
It _______ rain today
a) Should.
b) May.
c) Can.
d) Must.
8) Translate the following 
verbs, respec� vely: To 
believe, to forgive, to kill, to 
die, to occur.
a) Amar, perdoar, matar, 
morrer, ocorrer.
b) Acreditar, perdoar, matar, 
morrer, correr.
c) Acreditar, esquecer, matar, 
morrer, ocorrer.
d) Acreditar, perdoar, matar, 
morrer, ocorrer.
Basic 2
82
9) Translate: Your chocolate 
may melt because the 
weather is extremely hot 
today.
a) Seu chocolate pode 
solidifi car porque o tempo 
está extremamente quente 
hoje.
b) Seu chocolate pode 
derreter porque o tempo 
está extremamente quente 
hoje.
c) Seu chocolate vai derreter 
porque o tempo está 
extremamente quente hoje.
d) Seu chocolate está 
derre� do porque o tempo 
está extremamente quente 
hoje.
10) Only ONE sentence is 
correct. Which one?
a) It may rain today.
b) It may to rain today.
c) It must to rain today.
d) It could to rain today.
11) Translate the words, 
respec� vely: lake, river, 
mining, organic waste.
a) Rio, lago, mineração, 
resíduo orgânico.
b) Lago, rio, mineração, 
resíduo orgânico.
c) Lago, barragem, 
mineralização, resíduo 
orgânico.
d) Lago, rio, mineralização, 
resíduo orgânico.
12) What are the plural 
forms for the words: car, 
bus, day, city, wife
a) Cares, buses, days, ci� es, 
wives.
b) Cars, buses, dais, ci� es, 
wifes.
c) Cars, buses, days, ci� es, 
wives.
d) Cars, buses, days, cityes, 
wives.
13)Translate: The most 
harmful ac� vi� es to the 
soil, include farming, 
industry, mining and military 
ac� vi� es.
a) A maioria das a� vidades 
prejudiciais ao solo, incluem 
agropecuária, indústria, 
mineração e a� vidades 
escolares.
b) A maioria das a� vidades 
benéfi cas ao solo, incluem 
agropecuária, indústria, 
mineração e a� vidades 
militares.
Basic 2
83
© freepik.com 
c) Muitas a� vidades 
prejudiciais ao solo, incluem 
agropecuária, indústria, 
mineração e a� vidades 
militares.
d) A maioria das a� vidades 
prejudiciais ao solo, incluem 
agropecuária, indústria, 
mineração e a� vidades 
militares.
14) Translate the words, 
respec� vely: main, sea level, 
removal, duo to.
a) Principal, nível do mar, 
remoção, dueto.
b) Principal, nível do mar, 
adição, duplo.
c) Principal, nível do lago, 
remoção, devido a.
d) Principal, nível do mar, 
remoção, devido a.
15) Translate: Some people 
believe in life a� er death. 
Do you believe in life a� er 
death?
a) Algumas pessoas superam 
a vida após a morte. Você 
acredita em vida após isso?
b) Algumas pessoas lutam 
pela vida após a morte. Você 
acredita em vida após a 
morte?
c) Algumas pessoas 
acreditam na vida após a 
morte. Você acredita em vida 
após a morte? 
d) Algumas pessoas 
acreditam na vida após 
aquilo. Você acredita em vida 
após aqui?
Let’s study!
Answers:
1-c, 2-a, 3-d, 4-c, 5-b, 6-c, 7-b, 
8-d, 9-b, 10-a, 11-b, 12-c, 13-d, 
14-d, 15-c.
Basic 2
84
Lesson 09
Lady Gaga's speech about the 
importance of voting
On October 30th, 
2020, Lady Gaga 
showed up wearing 
diff erent ou� its to 
speak about the 
importance of vo� ng in 
the elec� ons. Here are 
some transcrip� ons of 
her speech:
 "I need to talk to 
people who don't have a plan to vote, are undecided, people 
who are unsure if they even believe in vo� ng at all," she said. 
"Maybe you're sick of all the fi gh� ng or you're frustrated by 
COVID and don't want to deal with it or maybe you dislike all 
the candidates or maybe you feel so discouraged by the state 
of our na� on that you decided you don't believe in vo� ng 
because you feel it's be� er not to be a part of the system."
"If you want to change this system, if you want this country 
to be diff erent than it is right now, you have to par� cipate in 
this elec� on. When they announce who has won the elec� on, 
it will be very clear what this country has become. The 
government is not going away tomorrow and unless you have 
a plane � cket to another country and somewhere that you're 
going to live, this is going to be your home. I'm telling you that 
no ma� er how you feel, your future is s� ll in your hands with 
this vote."
Transcripti ons extracted from Lady Gaga’s You Tube Channel
htt ps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D0E3zumKlYA
© freepik.com 
Basic 2
85
To Wear - wore - She wore my jacket yesterday. 
To Speak - Spoke - Lady Gaga spoke about how is important to 
vote.
To feel - felt - Bruce felt pain when he was working out.
To Win - Won - Barack Obama won the elec� ons in 2012.
To Tell - Told - I already told you my cellphone number.
Verbs (Review Past)
1- To vote/ voted - Votar.
2- To par� cipate/ par� cipated - Par� cipar.
3- To plan/ planned - Planejar. 
4- To announce, announced - Anunciar. 
Verbs
5- To show up - Aparecer.
6- To deal with - Lidar com, aturar.
7- To go away - Ir embora, se afastar, desaparecer.
Phrasal Verbs
Dates in English
American English
We write - September 8th, 1992
We say - The eigh� eth of September of nineteen ninety-two
Days in Ordinal 
Numbers Month in Capital Le� er Years
1st - First
2nd - Second
3rd - Third
4th - Fourth
5th - Fi� h
6th - Sixth
20th - Twen� eth
21st - Twenty 
First
January 
February
March 
April
May 
June
July 
August
September 
October
November
December
Divided in 2 parts 
1992 (19/92) 
Nineteen ninety-two 
A� er 2000 (say 
complete)
2002 - Two 
thousand and two
Basic 2
86
Para a expressão “VOCÊ 
QUE LUTE”, podemos 
u� lizar: “Deal with it”
E quanto a “Eu que lute?”, 
podemos u� lizar: “I have to deal 
with it / I go� a deal with it”
Sentences
Your vote must be secret.
I didn't vote last elec� ons because I was not in Brazil.
He won't (will not) par� cipate in the next debate for 
president.
Willian Bonner already announced who won the elec� on.
They may show up tonight.
We have to deal with our problems in life.
You don't need to deal with this alone (sozinho).
Caroline is not going away tomorrow.
••• Conversa� on Time
• Last elec� ons I couldn't vote because I wasn't in my city. 
Did you vote last elec� ons? 
• Do you think vo� ng is important? Complete? 
• Do you think is important for the candidates to par� cipate 
in the debates? Complete?
• My plans are to graduate at my college and to get a good 
job. What are your plans for the future? 
• In "Jornal Nacional", who usually announces the news 
(no� cias)? 
• Lady Gaga didn't show up in the Rock in Rio no Brazil in 
2017. Who didn't show up in this class today? 
• In my life I must deal with many things: my studies, my 
problems in life, eventual stress and so on. In your life, what 
do your have do deal with? 
• When I see people fi gh� ng in a party all I want is to go 
away. Tell me one situa� on that you want to go away? 
Basic 2
87
Accountable - encarregado, 
responsável
Anywhere - algum lugar 
(pergunta) / nenhum lugar 
(negação) / qualquer lugar 
(afi rmação)
Discouraged - desencorajado
Everywhere - todo lugar
Figh� ng - luta
Frustrated - frustrado
Government - governo
Not ma� er how - não 
importa comoOu� it - traje (look)
Plane � cket - passage aérea
Right now - agora mesmo
Somewhere – algum lugar
Speech - discurso, palestra
S� ll – ainda (início ou meio 
de frase)
Undecided - indeciso
Unless - ao menos
Unsure - inseguro
••• Vocabulary
••• Conversa� on
• Some people get frustrated when they don’t pass important 
tests likes ENEM, for example. When do you usually get 
frustrated? 
• In my house everyone was decided in who to for in the last 
elec� ons. How about in your house? Was everyone decided or 
undecided in who to vote for? Complete.
• I usually like to listen to speeches of fi nancial educa� on, 
climate change, environment, and others. What kind of 
speeches are interes� ng to you? 
• When I don’t see the results of my study, my work or 
my work out I feel discouraged. When do you usually feel 
discouraged? 
• Not ma� er how good is milkshake, I can’t have it every day. 
• Now you, complete: Not ma� er how good is (other food/
drink) __________, I can’t have it every day. 
• Not ma� er how hard I try; I s� ll have diffi cul� es in 
Mathema� cs. Now you complete: 
• Not ma� er how hard I try; I s� ll have diffi cul� es in _______.
Basic 2
88
S� ll X Yet X Already
S� ll (ainda) Yet (ainda) Already (já)
Usually in the 
beginning of 
the nega� ve 
sentence.
Usually at the end 
of the nega� ve 
sentence.
Affi rma� ve 
sentences.
- I s� ll don’t know 
your name.
- He is s� ll in the 
airplane.
- I didn’t fi nish 
yet.
- They didn’t 
come yet.
- I already 
vacuumed the 
fl oor.
- She is already 
here.
S� ll sempre vem 
depois do verbo 
to be na frase.
Veremos o uso 
do yet para 
perguntas em 
outras lições.
Already sempre
virá após o verbo 
to be na frase.
At all – de alguma forma
Not at all – de forma alguma, de jeito nenhum
The expressions at all and not at all are related and they are 
used at the end of the sentences to express emphasis.
• Podemos usar not at all para responder educadamente 
algumas perguntas:
- Do you mind if I sit here?
- Not at all!
- Thank you so much.
- Not at all!
• Para enfa� zar uma reposta nega� va: "De jeito nenhum"
- The cat is not sick?
- Not at all!
- Will you wash the dishes now? Not at all!
Expressions 
Basic 2
89
• Usamos apenas o at all (sem o "not") quando na sentença 
já mencionamos algumas palavras nega� vas:
- I don't like vegetables at all.
- She will not travel at all.
• Em perguntas - Também usado para dar ênfase à pergunta:
- Are you interested in this movie at all? 
- Do you love me at all? 
• Ou em afi rmações gerais - também para dar ênfase:
- "People who are unsure if they even believe in vo� ng at all." 
- Mom, can I have a chocolate milkshake? Sure, dear. You can 
have anything at all. 
1) According to the text who 
was Lady Gaga talking to?
a) Undecided or unsure 
people about the elec� ons.
b) The president of United 
States.
c) Honest and kind people 
about the elec� ons.
d) Decided or sure people 
about the elec� ons.
2) Translate the sentence: 
"I believe, no ma� er how 
you feel right now about 
the elec� on, you are s� ll 
important. 
a) Eu acredito, não importa 
como você se sente agora 
sobre as eleições, você 
sempre será importante.
b) Eu sei, não importa como 
você se sente agora sobre 
as eleições, você ainda é 
importante.
c) Eu acredito, não importa 
como você se sente agora 
sobre as eleições, você ainda 
é importante.
d) Eu acredito, não importa 
como você se sen� rá sobre 
as eleições, você ainda é 
importante.
••• Exercise 9
Basic 2
90
3) What was the main topic 
of text?
a) The importance of being 
correct.
b) The importance of vo� ng.
c) Undecided or unsure 
people about the elec� ons.
d) The president of United 
States.
4) Translate: "The 
government is not going 
away tomorrow and unless 
you have a plane � cket to 
another country..."
a) O governo não vai desa-
parecer amanhã e ao menos 
que você tenha uma pas-
sagem de avião para outro 
país...
b) O governo não vai desapa-
recer amanhã e pelo menos 
você tenha uma passagem de 
avião para outro país...
c) O governo não vai 
desaparecer amanhã e ao 
menos que você compre uma 
passagem de avião para outro 
país...
d) O governo não vai 
desaparecer amanhã e ao 
menos que você tenha uma 
passagem de avião para outro 
estado...
5) Translate the sentence: 
"If you want this country 
to be diff erent, you have to 
par� cipate in this elec� on."
a) Se você quer que esse país 
seja diferente, você tem que 
par� cipar nessa eleição.
b) Se você quer que esse país 
seja diferente, você tem fi cou 
que par� cipar nessa eleição.
c) Então você quer que esse 
país seja diferente, você tem 
que par� cipar nessa eleição.
d) Se você quer que aquele 
país seja diferente, você tem 
que par� cipar nessa eleição.
6) Translate the sentence: No 
ma� er how you feel, your 
future is s� ll in your hands 
with this vote."
a) Nenhuma matéria que 
você se sinta, seu futuro 
ainda está nas suas mãos com 
esse voto.
b) Na matéria que eu me 
sinto, seu futuro ainda está 
nas suas mãos com esse voto.
c) Não importa como você se 
sinta, seu futuro ainda está 
nas suas mãos com esse voto.
d) Não importa como você se 
sinta, seu futuro ainda está 
na sua cabeça com esse voto.
Basic 2
91
7) Which date is correctly 
wri� en?
a) September 8th, 1992nd.
b) 8 September 1992.
c) 8 of september.
d) September 8th, 1992.
8) Translate the verbs, 
respec� vely; To show up, to 
deal with, to announce, to 
go away.
a) Aparecer, delegar, 
anunciar, desaparecer.
b) Aparecer, lidar com, 
anunciar, desaparecer.
c) Aparecer, lidar com, 
denunciar, desaparecer.
d) Desaparecer, lidar com, 
anunciar, aparecer.
9) Complete with the best 
verb: Elisabeth is ________ 
to travel as soon as possible.
a) Planning.
b) Understanding.
c) Wri� ng.
d) Forgue� ng.
10) Translate: "Lady Gaga 
didn't show up in the Rock 
in Rio no Brazil in 2017".
a) Lady Gaga didn't show up 
in the Rock in Rio no Brazil in 
2071.
b) Lady Gaga não apareceu 
no Rock in Rio no Brazil in 
2017.
c) Lady Gaga não aparecerá 
no Rock in Rio no Brazil in 
2017.
d) Lady Gaga não veio ao 
Rock in Rio no Brazil in 2017.
11) Complete with the best 
word: I didn’t fi nish ______.
a) Already.
b) Ever.
c) Yet.
d) S� ll.
12) Complete with the best 
match: “I ______ don’t 
know your name”.
a) S� ll.
b) Already.
c) Yet.
d) Too.
13) Complete with the best 
word: I didn’t go _________ 
yesterday.
a) Everywhere.
b) Anywhere.
c) Somewhere.
d) Nowhere.
Basic 2
92
14) Complete with the best 
word: I would like to go 
____________ interes� ng 
today.
a) Everywhere.
b) Anywhere.
c) Somewhere.
d) Nowhere.
15) Complete with the best 
set of words: In my city is 
not ______ who will ______ 
the elec� on this year.
a) Raining, win.
b) Clear, win.
c) Dirty, win.
d) Clear, gain.
© freepik.com 
Let’s learn 
togheter!
Answers:
1-a, 2-c, 3-b, 4-a, 5-a, 6-c, 7-d, 
8-b, 9-a, 10-b, 11-c, 12-a, 13-b, 
14-c, 15-b.
Basic 2
93
Lesson 10
Black lives matter
Black Lives Ma� er is a so-
cial and poli� cal movement 
which claims for the end of 
the police brutality and oth-
er kinds of violence racially 
mo� vated against black peo-
ple. The main mission of this 
global organiza� on is to erad-
icate white supremacy and 
build local power on Black 
communi� es. 
Black Lives Ma� er was 
founded in 2013 in United 
States and started to gain 
notoriety with the use of the 
hashtag #BlackLivesMa� er on 
social media a� er the acquit-
tal of George Zimmerman, 
the man who killed Trayvon 
Mar� n a 17-year-old black 
student who was going home 
a� er buying some candies 
and was shot in the chest. 
In the following years other 
black people were killed by 
police in the USA and every 
year we can watch a similar 
case in the news, not only in 
the United States but also in 
Brazil and other countries in 
the world. 
1- To kill - Who killed the 
president Abraham Lincoln?
2- To buy - Alice bought new 
shoes for herself.
3- To fi ght - Spartacus was a 
leader who fought against the 
Romans.
4- To leave - She le� the 
house in the morning.br.freepik.com
Verbs (review-past)
Basic 2
94
1- To build/ built - Construir.
2- To claim/ claimed - Reinvidicar, alegar.
3- To gain/ gained - Ganhar.
4- To shoot/ shot - A� rar, matar (com arma de fogo).
Verbs
Sentences
Joseph wants to build his dream house.
They might build a good rela� onship a� er the elec� on.
We fought un� l the victory. Now we must claim our rights.
She is claiming to be Charlie Darwin’s daughter.
I gained weight (peso) during the pandemic � me.
She didn’t gain any weight in 2020.
Do you know how to shoot?
Rihanna shot a man down in central sta� on. 
••• Wri� ng Ac� vity
Create sentences using the following verbs 
To build, built ______________________________________
__________________________________________________
To claim, claimed ___________________________________
__________________________________________________
To shoot, shot ______________________________________
__________________________________________________
••• Conversa� on Prac� ce
• I would like to build my house next to the beach. Where 
would you like to build your house?
• If we buy a broken product in a store, we must claim for our 
right to change the product. Do you remember the last � me 
you claimed the right of to change a product? Complete 
• In USA, every American can claim their rights to vote, to 
express themselves, etc. As a Brazilian person what are the 
rights that you can claim for? 
Basic 2
95
• I gained some weight in the pandemic � me. Did you also 
gain some weight in the pandemic � me?
• I don't know how to shoot. Do you know how to shoot?
• Would you like to learn how to shoot?
Acqui� al - absolvição
Against - contra
Brutality - brutalidade
Candies - doces
Chest - peito
Following - seguinte 
Ma� er - importa, matéria
News – no� cias
Newspaper – jornal (de 
papel)
Racially mo� vated - 
racialmente movitado 
White supremacy - 
supremacia branca
••• Vocabulary
••• Conversa� on Prac� ce
• In your opinion, is Brazil a violent country? Complete.
• In your opinion, what is the most violent city in the 
Brazil? Complete.
• Do you par� cipate of any movement in your city/
town? If so, what is the name?
• Do you think the black movements around the world 
are important? Complete.
• Do you think in Brazil the policemen use much 
brutality against the black community? 
• There are many places where we can see the news, 
for example, television, Twi� er, Instagram, WhatsApp. 
Where do you usually see the news? 
• Do you like candies? What is your favorite candy?
• Do you know what is your mission in life? 
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96
It doesn’t matt er
We use it doesn’t matt er to say something is not 
important or that we don’t really care about it
- Do you want sugar or sweetener on your coff ee? It 
doesn’t ma� er!
- It doesn't ma� er the movie. I just want to go to the 
movie theater.
What is the matt er?
We use what is the matt er to ask what is going on with 
someone or something. For example, if someone is worried 
or sad we may ask: What’s is the matt er with you?
- You look very ti red. What’s the matt er?
- What’s the matt er with your computer? It is not 
turning on. Is it broken?
Expressions 
Anywhere x Somewhere x Everywhere
Anywhere
We use anywhere to refer to non-specifi c place
 Nega� ve sent.
(nenhum lugar)
- I didn’t go
anywhere
yesterday
- I will not go 
anywhere on 
December
Interroga� ve sent.
(algum lugar)
- Did you go 
anywhere 
interes� ng this 
weekend?
- Did he go 
anywhere last 
night?
Affi rma� ve 
sentences
(qualquer lugar)
- Where do you 
want to go? 
Anywhere is fi ne
- This plant can 
grow anywhere
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97
Somewhere Everywhere
We use somewhere in 
affi rma� ve sentences to 
refer to specifi c place
We use everywhere to refer 
to all the places
- I would like to go 
somewhere interes� ng 
today
- He is somewhere in the 
park
- There was blood 
everywhere because of the 
accident 
- I will go everywhere as 
long as I am with you
••• Translate
Black Lives Ma� er is a social and poli� cal movement which 
claims for the end of the police brutality and other kinds of 
violence racially mo� vated against black people. The main 
mission of this global organiza� on is to eradicate white 
supremacy and build local power on Black communi� es. 
Black Lives Ma� er was founded in 2013 in United States 
and started to gain notoriety with the use of the hashtag 
#BlackLivesMa� er on social media a� er the acqui� al of George 
Zimmerman, the man who killed Trayvon Mar� n, a 17-year-old 
black student who was going home a� er buying some candies 
and was shot in the chest. In the following years other black 
people were killed by police in the USA and every year we can 
watch a similar case in the news, not only in the United States 
but also in Brazil and other countries in the world.
Black lives ma� er
__________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
Basic 2
98
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
1) According to the text, 
what is "Black Lives 
Ma� er"?
a) It is a social and poli� cal 
movement that fi ghts for 
the end of police brutality 
and other kinds of violence 
against the white community. 
b) It is a social and poli� cal 
movement that fi ghts for 
the end of police serenity 
and other kinds of violence 
against the black community. 
c) It is a social and poli� cal 
movement that fi ghts for 
the end of police brutality 
and other kinds of violence 
against the black community. 
d) It is a social and poli� cal 
movement that fi ghts for 
the end of police brutality 
and other kinds of violence 
against the white supremacy.
••• Exercise 10
Basic 2
99
2) What is the "Black Lives 
Ma� ers" mission?
a) The mission of "black lives 
ma� er" is to stop all the 
police force. 
b) Its main mission is to 
eliminate white supremacy 
and build local power for 
black people.
c) Its main mission is to 
protest for no reason just to 
gain notoriety.
d) Its main mission is to 
eliminate white supremacy 
and build global energy for 
black people.
3) True or False? Black lives 
ma� er was famous before 
the 2013.
a) True.
b) False.
4) True or False? Black lives 
ma� er gained notoriety 
a� er George Zimmerman 
died. 
a) True.
b) False.
5) Who was Trayvon Mar� n?
a) A black lower who was 
killed by George Zimmerman.
b) A black student was killed 
in a protest.
c) A black person who killed 
George Zimmerman.
d) A black student who was 
killed by George Zimmerman.
6) What was the importance 
of Trayvon Mar� n for the 
movement "black lives 
ma� er"?
a) The movement got famous 
when he spoke on television 
about the problem.
b) The movement started to 
gain notoriety a� er he was 
killed.
c) The movement started 
to gain notoriety a� er 
he used the hashtag 
BlackLivesMa� er. 
d) The movement got 
famous because Trayvon 
Mar� n won the elec� on.
7) Translate the following 
verbs: To build, to claim, to 
gain, to shoot.
a) construir, alegar, ganhar, 
mirar
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100
b) Construir, eleger, ganhar, 
a� rar.
c) Construir, alegar, ganhar, 
a� rar.
d) Navegar, alegar,ganhar, 
matar.
8) Complete with the best 
verb: Joseph wants to 
________ his dream house.
a) Fight.
b) Build.
c) Shoot.
d) Kill.
9) Translate the passage: 
"Black lives ma� er is a social 
movement which claims 
for the end of the police 
brutality". 
a) Black lives ma� er é um 
movimento social que 
reivindica pelo fi m da 
brutalidade policial. 
b) Black lives ma� er é um 
movimento social que 
reivindica pelo fi m da 
calmaria policial. 
c) Black lives ma� er é um 
movimento antagônico 
que reivindica pelo fi m da 
brutalidade policial. 
d) Black lives ma� er é um 
movimento social que alega 
ser o fi m da brutalidade 
policial. 
10) Translate the following 
words: news, against, 
candies, newspaper.
a) Jornal, contra, doces, 
no� cias.
b) No� cias, encarar, doces, 
jornal.
c) No� cias, contra, doses, 
jornal.
d) No� cias, contra, doces, 
jornal.
11) Translate the passage: 
"Trayvon Mar� n was going 
home a� er buying some 
candies and was shot in the 
chest".
a) Trayvon Mar� n estava 
indo para casa depois de 
comprar alguns doces e 
chegou feliz da vida.
b) Trayvon Mar� n estava 
indo para casa depois de 
comprar alguns doces e 
levou um � ro no peito.
c) Trayvon Mar� n foi para 
casa depois de comprar 
alguns doces e morreu em 
casa.
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101
d) Trayvon Mar� n estava 
indo para casa depois de 
comprar alguns doces e 
levou um � ro no pé.
12) Only one ques� ons is 
WRONG. Which one?
a) Who killed the president 
Abraham Lincoln? 
b) She didn’t win any weight 
in 2020.
c) I gained weight during the 
pandemic � me.
d) Spartacus was a leader 
who fought against the 
Romans.
13) Complete with the best 
word: Do you know what is 
your ______ in life? 
a) Mission.
b) News.
c) Places.
d) Brutality.
14) Complete with the best 
expression: ___________ 
the movie. I just want to go 
to the movie theater. 
a) Awesome.
b) It doesn’t ma� er.
c) What is the ma� er.
d) Not at all.
15) Complete with 
the best expression: 
You look very � red. 
_____________________?
a) Awesome.
b) It doesn’t ma� er.
c) What is the ma� er.
d) Not at all.
c) Places.
d) Brutality.
Answers:
1-c, 2-b, 3-b, 4-b, 5-d, 6-b, 7-c, 
8-b, 9-a, 10-d, 11-b, 12-b, 13-a, 
14-b, 15-c.
Basic 2
102
Final Review
Grammar points
USO DO DID - REVIEW
Did you do the homework?
Yes, I did/ No I didn’t
Did you have lunch today?
Yes, I did/ No I didn’t
I didn’t write any book.
I didn’t make any plan for tonight.
Ac� vity – Complete with Do, Don’t, Does, Doesn’t,
Did or Didn’t
1-_____ you like pizza? No, I ________.
2- _____ she study Spanish every day? Yes, she _________.
3- _____ you read the book I gave you yesterday? Yes, I __.
4- We _____ run in the morning because it was raining.
MODAL VERBS
They are used as auxiliary verbs of another main verb in a 
sentence. We must NOT use “TO” a� er a modal verb 
To express Use Examples
ABILITY CAN, 
COULD
Juan can speak English and 
Japanese.
I could write 3 paragraphs in 
the morning.
PERMISSION
CAN, 
COULD, 
MAY
Can/Could you get a glass of 
water for me please?
May I go to the bathroom, 
teacher?
POSSIBILITY MIGHT, 
MAY
It may rain today.
I might go to the party 
tonight.
ADVICE SHOULD You should eat less sugar on 
your diet.
Basic 2
103
Modal Verbs Ac� vity
Complete with the best modal verb. (para algumas 
questões há + de uma resposta certa)
1- It’s raining! You ________ get inside. 
2- ____ you wait for me please?
3- _____ I turn the air condi� oner on? 
4- The Physics test is tomorrow. You _______ not be late!
5- Ashley told me she _______ come tonight. She is not 
sure yet.
S� ll X Yet X Already
S� ll (ainda) Yet (ainda) Already (já)
Usually in the 
beginning of the 
nega� ve sentence.
Usually at 
the end of 
the nega� ve 
sentence.
Affi rma� ve 
sentences.
- I s� ll don’t know 
your name.
- He is s� ll in the 
airplane.
- I didn’t fi nish 
yet.
- They didn’t 
come yet.
- I already 
vacuumed the 
fl oor.
- She is already 
here.
Quando tem verbo 
to be na frase, o 
s� ll sempre vem 
depois.
Veremos o uso 
do yet para 
perguntas em 
outras lições.
Quando tem 
verbo to be na 
frase, o already 
sempre vem 
depois.
S� ll, Yet or Already – Ac� vity
1- She doesn’t know how to drive ________.
2- I ______ did the homework.
3- He ______ closed the door.
4- I ______ didn’t decide.
5- We are ______ young.
Basic 2
104
Anywhere x Somewhere x Everywhere
Anywhere
We use anywhere to refer to non-specifi c place
 Nega� ve sent. 
(nenhum lugar)
- I didn’t go 
anywhere 
yesterday.
- I will not go 
anywhere on 
December.
Interroga� ve sent.
(algum lugar)
- Did you go 
anywhere. 
interes� ng this 
weekend?
- Did he go 
anywhere last 
night?
Affi rma� ve 
sentences
(qualquer lugar)
- Where do you 
want to go? 
Anywhere is 
fi ne.
- This plant can 
grow anywhere.
Somewhere Everywhere
We use somewhere in 
affi rma� ve sentences to refer 
to specifi c place.
We use everywhere to 
refer to all the places
- I would like to go somewhere 
interes� ng today.
- He is somewhere in the park.
- There was blood 
everywhere because of 
the accident. 
- I will go everywhere as 
long as I am with you.
Complete with anywhere, somewhere or everywhere
1- Mark must be _______.
2- Sheylla doesn’t want to go __________.
3- Did you go __________ on your last vaca� ons?
4- ______ I go I see beau� ful people. 
5- I can’t fi nd my laptop ________.
Expressions Review
• It doesn’t ma� er
• What is the ma� er?
• Used to.
• Ever.
• As long as.
• I don’t mind.
•How long.
Basic 2
105
Complete with the best expression.
1- _________________ drinking coff ee with sweetener. I 
like sweetener anyway. 
2- You can come to the party _____________ you talk to 
your mother before.
3- When I was 18 I ______________ to play soccer more 
o� en.
4- I don’t know what the name of that TV program is, but 
_______________, I will watch it later anyway. 
5- That hamburger I ate yesterday was the worst 
hamburger _________.
6- He doesn’t know _________________is the movie, but 
he said that it was not short. 
7- You look worried. _________________ with you?
Transla� on Review
Lesson 6
Sleep depriva� on
We all know how much is important to sleep well and have 
a good rest at night. Having a good sleep usually means to 
sleep around 8 hours nonstop. Nevertheless, as well as the 
number of hours slept, the quality of sleep is also important. 
Many people nowadays suff er from insomnia, a sleep 
disorder in which people cannot sleep properly. Some causes 
may include anxiety, psychological stress, and hormonal 
changes. Among other causes, can be cited: excessive 
consump� on of alcohol, lack of physical ac� vity, overuse of 
electronic devices, travel or work schedule, medica� ons, 
caff eine, nico� ne, and many others. 
How to create be� er habits to sleep well?
Follow these � ps to have a good night sleep:
• Do not drink too much alcohol before bed� me.
• Try not to consume caff eine in the a� ernoon or at night.
Basic 2
106
• Wake up every day at the same � me, even on the weekend 
or vaca� on.
• Stop using your electronic devices before you go to bed or 
use them only to play some relaxing music.
Lesson 7
Job Interview
Employee candidate - Good morning. What is your name?
Employee candidate - My name is Joe Alib and here is my 
résumé.
Employer - Alright. Let me take a look. You have an excellent 
résumé. Where do you live?
Employee candidate - I live in Boston, Massachuse� s.
Employer - How old are you?
Employee candidate - I am 28 years old.
Employer - What is your major?
Employee candidate - My major is Mathema� cs applied to 
so� ware. 
Employer - Where did you go to college?
Employee candidate - I went to Massachuse� s Ins� tute of 
Technology (MIT).
Employer - That's fantas� c. Why do you want to work for this 
company?
Employee candidate - I would love to work for this company 
because of its value and reputa� on and I think there is so 
much to learn here. I want to stay here and be part of the 
team.
Employer - What quali� es do you think you have for this jobposi� on?
Employee candidate - I consider myself an innova� ve person, 
punctual and with a good interpersonal communica� on.
Employer - Do you know how to drive?
Employee candidate - Yes, I do. I got my driver's license three 
years ago.
Basic 2
107
Employer - I can see in your résumé that you may be over-
qualifi ed for this posi� on. What's your opinion?
Employee candidate - I don't mind. As long as I am working 
with the things I like, I don't mind being over-qualifi ed for this 
posi� on. 
Employer - Ok dear. I'll call you on Tuesday to give you a 
feedback. 
Employee candidate - That's fi ne. I appreciate your � me. Bye.
Lesson 8
5 Environmental problems we should worry about
1- Climate Change: refers to long-term changes that aff ect 
the planet Earth. The main factors are temperature and 
precipita� on which may lead to high sea levels, ice mel� ng, 
and decrease in the biodiversity.
2- Air pollu� on: a mix of pollutants from both natural and 
ar� fi cial sources in the air. The main contribu� ng factors to 
air pollu� on are carbon dioxide (CO2) from car and factories, 
dust, pollen and mold.
3- Water pollu� on
Water pollu� on occurs when water bodies such as lakes, 
rivers and oceans are contaminated. This contamina� on can 
be a result of pathogenic microorganisms, toxic chemicals 
etc.
4- Soil pollu� on
Soil pollu� on occurs with the degrada� on of the earth's 
surface by the presence of high concentra� ons of toxic 
chemicals. The most harmful ac� vi� es to the soil caused 
by humans include farming, industry, mining, and military 
ac� vi� es.
5- Deforesta� on
Deforesta� on is the removal of trees and forest areas 
around the world, especially due to human ac� vity such as 
agriculture, urbaniza� on, and mining ac� vi� es.
Basic 2
108
Lesson 9
Lady Gaga's speech about the importance of vo� ng
On October 30th, 2020 Lady Gaga showed up wearing 
diff erent ou� its to speak about the importance of vo� ng in 
the elec� ons. Here are some transcrip� ons of her speech:
 "I need to talk to people who don't have a plan to vote, are 
undecided, people who are unsure if they even believe in 
vo� ng at all," she said. "Maybe you're sick of all the fi gh� ng 
or you're frustrated by COVID and don't want to deal with it 
or maybe you dislike all the candidates or maybe you feel so 
discouraged by the state of our na� on that you decided you 
don't believe in vo� ng because you feel it's be� er not to be a 
part of the system."
"If you want to change this system, if you want this country to 
be diff erent than it is right now, you have to par� cipate in this 
elec� on. When they announce who has won the elec� on, it will 
be very clear what this country has become. The government 
is not going away tomorrow and unless you have a plane � cket 
to another country and somewhere that you're going to live, 
this is going to be your home. I'm telling you that no ma� er 
how you feel, your future is s� ll in your hands with this vote."
Lesson 10
Black Lives Ma� er 
Black Lives Ma� er is a social and poli� cal movement which 
claims for the end of the police brutality and other kinds of 
violence racially mo� vated against black people. The main 
mission of this global organiza� on is to eradicate white 
supremacy and build local power on Black communi� es. 
Black Lives Ma� er was founded in 2013 in United States 
and started to gain notoriety with the use of the hashtag 
#BlackLivesMa� er on social media a� er the acqui� al of George 
Zimmerman, the man who killed Trayvon Mar� n a 17-year-old 
black student who was going home a� er buying some candies 
Basic 2
109
and was shot in the chest. In the following years other black 
people were killed by police in the USA and every year we can 
watch a similar case in the news, not only in the United States 
but also in Brazil and other countries in the world.
Conversa� on prac� ce Review
• I slept around 6 hours last night. How many hours did you 
sleep last night?
• I never traveled to Bahia. Tell me one state you never traveled 
to.
• Today I woke up at 8 AM. What � me did you wake up today?
• I follow my friends, my family, and some famous people on 
Instagram. Who do you follow on your Instagram?
• Yesterday I did not sleep well enough. Did you sleep well 
enough? 
• I can run around 2 kilometers nonstop. How many kilometers 
can you run nonstop? 
• How many hours can you sleep nonstop?
• Nowadays, many people have sleep disorder. Do you have 
sleep disorder? 
• In my family my dad suff ers from high blood pressure. Who 
in your family suff ers from high blood pressure? 
• There are several common causes of sleep depriva� on. Can 
you cite any cause of sleep depriva� on? 
• Did you drink coff ee this morning? 
• Do you eat fruit every day? 
• Do you like to eat some desserts a� er dinner? 
• Do you like to eat at fast food restaurants? 
• How many hours of sleep do you generally need per night? 
Basic 2
110
Lesson 7
• When I go to the shopping mall, I like to take a look at the 
cellphones, laptop and other technology devices. When you 
go to the shopping mall do you like to take a look at? 
• Besides English, what else do you like to learn about? 
• I consider myself a calm and pa� ent person. How do you 
consider yourself? 
• On my next vaca� on, I intend to travel to Europe. What 
about you, what do you intend to do on your next vaca� on? 
• Do you know how to drive? Do you have a driver's license? 
• What basic informa� on do you think is necessary on a 
résumé?
• What is your major?
• My favorite subject at school was science. What was your 
favorite subject?
Lesson 8
• The last elec� ons for president in Brazil occurred in 2018. 
When will occur the next elec� ons for president in Brazil? 
• Some� mes we need to forgive people, so we can be happier. 
Do you forgive people easily? (Why/ Why not) 
• Tell me something you could not forgive.
• Some people prefer not to kill some insects at home, because 
they are a kind of life, a� er all. Do you kill insects at home? 
Why? 
• Some people must kill other people to protect themselves, 
a policeman, for example. Would you kill someone to protect 
yourself? 
• I don't want to die because I am very young, and I need to 
live more. Give-me some reasons why you don’t want to die. 
• Many people die of accidents, natural causes, heart a� ack 
and so son. What do you think are the most common causes 
that people die of? (Accidents, natural causes, heart a� ack, 
cancer). 
Basic 2
111
• Some diseases have long-term eff ects and other diseases 
have short-term condi� ons. Is Dengue a long-term or short-
term disease? Did you ever have Dengue before?
• The climate in my town is warm in the summer and cold in 
the winter. How is the climate in your town/city?
• The temperature now in town/city is around _____ degrees 
Celsius. What about your town/city? How is the temperature 
now? 
• When was the last � me you visited the ocean?
• In my family there are some people who work with 
agriculture. Do you know anyone who works with agriculture?
• Do you know anyone who works with mining ac� vi� es?
• What is more interes� ng to you, working with agriculture, 
mining or military ac� vity? 
• In your opinion, what can we do to reduce the eff ects of the 
climate change?
Lesson 9
• Last elec� ons I couldn't vote because I wasn't in my city. Did 
you vote last elec� ons? 
• Do you think vo� ng is important? Complete? 
• Do you think is important for the candidates to par� cipate in 
the debates? Complete?
• My plans are to graduate at my college and to get a good job. 
What are your plans for the future? 
• In "Jornal Nacional", who usually announces the news 
(no� cias)? 
• Lady Gaga didn't show up in the Rock in Rio no Brazil in 2017. 
Who didn't show up in this class today? 
• In my life I must deal with many things: my studies, my 
problems in life, eventual stress and so on. In your life, what 
do your have do deal with? 
• Some people get frustrated when they don’t pass importanttests likes ENEM, for example. When do you usually get 
frustrated? 
Basic 2
112
• In my house everyone was decided in who to for in the last 
elec� ons. How about in your house? Was everyone decided or 
undecided in who to vote for? Complete 
• I usually like to listen to speeches of fi nancial educa� on, 
climate change, environment, and others. What kind of 
speeches are interes� ng to you? 
• When I don’t see the results of my study, my work or my work 
out I feel discouraged. When do you usually feel discouraged? 
Lesson 10
• I would like to build my house next to the beach. Where 
would you like to build your house?
• I gained some weight during the pandemic � me. Did you 
also gain some weight during the pandemic � me?
• I don't know how to shoot. Do you know how to shoot?
• Would you like to learn how to shoot? 
• In your opinion, is Brazil a violent country? Complete
• In your opinion, what is the most violent city in the Brazil? 
Complete
• Do you par� cipate of any movement in your city/town? If so, 
what is the name?
• Do you think the black movements around the world are 
important? Complete
• There are many places where we can see the news, for 
example, television, Twi� er, Instagram, WhatsApp. Where do 
you usually see the news? 
• Do you know what is your mission in life?mall and in the 
park.
2) What does the son ask 
the father to buy?
a) New chargers.
b) A new charger.
c) A new cellphone.
d) A new laptop.
3) Why does the son need 
new chargers? 
a) Because his chargers are 
broken a� er the storm. 
b) Because his chargers are 
broken a� er the hurricane. 
c) Just because he wants new 
chargers.
d) young adults.
4) What happened last night 
during (durante) the storm?
a) A storm.
b) A rain.
c) The power went out.
d) The power stayed ok.
••• Exercise 1
Basic 2
11
.
5) Where was the brother 
men� oned in the text?
a) In the park or at home.
b) At home or at the offi ce.
c) At home or at church.
d) At the offi ce or at the bank.
6) Complete with the best 
verb: I will __ a new laptop 
tomorrow.
a) Hit.
b) Buy.
c) Wait.
d) Finish.
7) What does the father have 
to do before going home?
a) To wait for the end of the 
mee� ng.
b) To fi nish a project and buy 
a laptop.
c) To make a new project and 
buy the chargers.
d) To buy the chargers and fi x 
the electricity.
8) Traduza: "Every year when 
the summer storms hit our 
town, we have electricity 
problems".
a) Todo ano quando as chu-
vas de verão a� ngem nossa 
cidade nós temos problemas 
de eletricidade.
b) Todo ano quando as tem-
pestades de outono a� ngem 
nossa cidade nós temos pro-
blemas de eletricidade.
c) Todo ano quando as tem-
pestades de verão acalmam 
nossa cidade nós temos pro-
blemas de eletricidade.
d) Todo ano quando as tem-
pestades de verão a� ngem 
nossa cidade nós temos pro-
blemas de eletricidade.
9) Traduza: He needs to fi n-
ish the lesson six.
a) Ela precisa terminar a lição 6.
b) Ele precisar estudar a lição 6.
c) Ele precisa terminar a lição 6.
d) Ele quer terminar a lição 6.
10) Complete com o melhor 
verbo : "I am just ______ the 
end of the mee� ng".
a) Happening.
b) Raining.
c) Ea� ng.
d) Wai� ng.
11) Encontre o erro e corri-
ja:"All I need is � me to slept 
and more money to buy 
things".
a) All - every.
b) More - plus.
c) Slept - sleep.
d) To buy - to bought.
Basic 2
12
12) Complete com a prep-
osição correta: At the offi ce, 
at the university, at the 
bank, ______ park.
a) About the park.
b) In the park.
c) On the park.
d) At the park.
13) Traduza:"We will fi nish 
running in ten minutes".
a) Nós iremos terminar de 
correr em 10 minutos.
b) Nós terminamos de correr 
em 10 minutos.
c) Eu irei terminar de correr 
em 10 minutos.
d) Nós iremos terminar de 
correr em alguns minutos.
14) Apenas uma sentença 
está correta. Qual?
a) What � me will you be at 
home?
b) He need to fi nish the lesson 
six.
c) There is an solu� on for 
every problem.
d) Is Jeff your teacher also?
15) Traduza: "Tudo que eu 
preciso é de tempo, porque 
tudo vai passar".
a) All I need is � mes, why 
everything will pass.
b) All I needed is � me, be-
cause everything will pass.
c) All I need is � me, because 
everything will pass.
d) Everything I need is mon-
ey, because everything will 
pass.
Let’s
practice
© freepik.com 
Answers:
1-d, 2-a, 3-a, 4-c, 5-b, 6-b,7- a, 
8-d, 9-c, 10-d, 11-c, 12-b, 13-a, 
14-a, 15-c.
Basic 2
13
Lesson 02
Adult life
When I was sixteen, I used 
to play guitar more o� en. I 
also had more � me to en-
joy my hobbies. Nowadays, 
my hobbies consist of play-
ing guitar or piano, watching 
movies or tv series, working 
out, playing volleyball and 
specially listening to music, 
my favorite hobby. Listening 
to music is the one that I do 
more o� en because I can do 
it when I am working, tak-
ing shower, working out and 
even sleeping. In fact, I can-
not sleep without listening to 
the sounds of the rain or oth-
er relaxing songs on Spo� fy. 
When we were young, we 
certainly had more � me to 
do things we liked and to en-
joy life as we wanted. As we 
grow up, our adult life along 
with our responsibili� es keep 
us away from our hobbies. It 
generally comes with mar-
riage, children, college, work, 
travels etc. Even so, we must 
do our best to save a li� le 
� me for ourselves. A� er all, 
life is not only about money, 
work and study. Life is about 
being happy as much as pos-
sible. 
© Pixabay
• Used to: usamos used to quando queremos dizer que costumávamos fa-
zer algo (e não o fazemos mais). Ex.: I used to play guitar more o� en = Eu 
costumava tocar guitarra mais frequentemente.
• The one: o one é usado aqui para se referir algo que já foi mencionado 
anteriormente (neste caso, o hobby).
• Even so: expressão que signifi ca "ainda assim", "mesmo assim".
• A� er all: expressão que signifi ca "afi nal de contas", "apesar de tudo". 
Basic 2
14 © pexels.com
 Verbs (review)
1. To watch, watched 
2. To listen, listened 
3. To work, worked 
4. To sleep, slept 
5. There is, there are, 
there was, there were
6. To want, wanted 
7. To have, had 
8. To grow up, grew up
To be 
Simple Present Simple Past
I am I was
You are You were
He is He was
She is She was
It is It was
We are We were
They Are They were
Verb To Be in the Past
Was / Were
Affi rma� ve form I was walking in the park
You were in my bedroom
Nega� ve form We weren’t (were not) happy
She wasn’t (was not) a good girl
Interroga� ve form Was she walking in the park?
Were you in my bedroom?
1. To enjoy, enjoyed – Cur� r, 
aproveitar.
2. To work out – Treinar, 
malhar.
3. To keep, kept – Manter. 
/ to keep away - manter 
afastado. 
4. Must – Dever.
5. To take, took – Pegar, 
levar. / To take a shower –
tomar banho (chuveiro).
6. To marry, married – Casar.
7. To save, saved – Salvar, 
economizar.
8. To travel, traveled – Viajar.
Verbs
© freepik.com 
Basic 2
15
Preposi� ons – O que são?
Basicamente falando, são palavras que ligam dois elementos 
de uma frase para que ela possa fazer sen� do, ter coesão.
Some common preposi� ons: of, in, on, at, about, with, 
without, for, from, to…
Preposi� on + Verb = ing (to)
e.g.: Nowadays, my hobbies consist of playing guitar and 
watching movies.
e.g.: I am very good at sleeping. 
e.g.: Life is about being happy. 
Sentences
My friend's son enjoys watching tv all day.
In the classroom you must keep your cellphone away.
We must do our best to reserve a li� le � me for ourselves.
My friend doesn't like to work out.
Take my hand and tell me you love me.
Take me to church and say that you want to marry me.
My son doesn't want to take a shower now.
Quando usamos like + ing?
• Em geral quando falamos de hobbies ou coisas ro� neiras 
que gostamos de fazer usamos o like + o verbo na ING form.
E.g.: My hobbies are writi ng and reading.
E.g.: I like watching tv every friday with my friends.
E.g.: He likes running everyday.
• Também é muito comum o uso do enjoy + ing. 
Eg.: I enjoy playing videogames with my friends. 
Basic 2
16
••• Oral Prac� ce
• I must keep my life 
organized.
• You must keep yourself 
away from that dog.
• He is a bad guy. Keep 
yourself away from him!
• We were enjoying your 
party.
• You must study for the 
English test.
• Nós devemos dar nosso 
melhor para manter nossa 
saúde bem.
• She was working out three 
� mes a week.
• Eu realmente preciso 
malhar 3 vezes por semana.
• Você quer casar comigo?
• I was taking a shower when 
you arrived.
• I really don't want to marry 
anybody.
• I need to save money to 
buy a new car.
• Eu preciso economizar 
dinheiro para viajar no fi nal 
do ano.
A li� le bit - um pouquinho
A� er all - afi nal de contas
Along with - juntamente 
As much as - tanto quanto
As much as possible - o 
máximo possível
Certainly - certamente
Child - criança/fi lho
Children - crianças/fi lhos
College - faculdade
Currently - atualmente
Even so - ainda assim
Fan - ven� lador
For ourselves - para nós 
mesmos
Guitar - violão/guitarra
It is not only - não é só
Marriage - casamento
More o� en - mais 
frequentemente
Movie theather - cinema
Nowadays - hoje em dia
Relaxing - relaxante
Same - mesmo/ mesma
Things - coisas
Travel - viagem
With - com
Without - sem
Work out - treino/malhação
Young - jovem
••• Vocabulary
Basic 2
17
••• Conversa� on Time
• Tell me one thing you used 
to do?
• How about you(next 
student)? What did you use 
to do?
• My favorite hobby is 
playing videogame. What is 
your favorite hobby?
• How about you (next 
student)? What is your 
favorite hobby?
• Do you think, nowadays 
everything is diff erent? 
(complete)
• Do you think, nowadays 
everyone has internet at 
home?
• Currently, I am living in 
______. How about you? 
(complete)
• Are you working out, 
currently?
• When it’s hot I use a fan 
at home. How many fans do 
you have at your house?
Basic 2
18
© freepik.com
Expressions 
Even so – Ainda assim/Mesmo assim.
A� er all – Afi nal de contas.
As much as possible – O máximo possível.
I used to – Eu costumava.
© pexels.com
••• Oral Expressions
• You are a bad guy - Even so, 
I have to say that I love you
• It was raining yesterday, 
but even so, it was a 
beau� ful day.
• A� er all, you know my 
mom, right?
• What do you know about 
me, a� er all?
• Love yourself as much as 
possible.
• Você deve se amar o 
máximo possível.
• I used to go to church 
when I was young.
•Eu costumava ir ao cinema 
quando eu era jovem.
Basic 2
19
••• Translate
When I was sixteen, I used 
to play guitar more o� en. I 
also had more � me to en-
joy my hobbies. Nowadays, 
my hobbies consist of play-
ing guitar or piano, watching 
movies or tv series, working 
out, playing volleyball and 
specially listening to music, 
my favorite hobby. Listening 
to music it is the one that I 
do more o� en because I can 
do it when I am working, tak-
ing shower, working out and 
even sleeping. In fact, I can-
not sleep without listening to 
the sounds of the rain or oth-
er relaxing songs on Spo� fy. 
When we were young, we 
certainly had more � me to 
do things we liked and to en-
joy life as we wanted. As we 
grow up, our adult life along 
with our responsibili� es keep 
us away from our hobbies. It 
generally comes with mar-
riage, children, college, work, 
travels etc. Even so, we must 
do our best to save a li� le 
� me for ourselves. A� er all, 
life is not only about money, 
work and study. Life is about 
being happy as much as pos-
sible.
Adult Life
__________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
Basic 2
20
1) Which of these are one 
of the author's hobbies 
nowadays?
a) Playing violin.
b) Watching movies or tv series.
c) Listening to podcast.
d) Playing soccer.
2) Which of these are NOT 
one of the author's hobbies 
nowadays?
a) Watching movies.
b) Playing guitar.
c) Playing volleyball.
d) Playing basketball.
3) Traduza o trecho: 
"However, I don't have as 
much � me as I used to have".
a) Contudo, eu tenho o 
mesmo tempo que eu 
costumava ter. 
b) Afi nal de contas, eu não 
tenho mais tempo.
c) Ainda assim, eu não tenho 
tanto tempo.
d) Contudo, eu não tenho 
tanto tempo quanto eu 
costumava ter.
4) What is the Author's 
favorite hobby? Why? 
a) Playing volleyball. Because 
it is his favorite sport.
b) Watching movies. Because 
it is the one that he does 
more o� en. 
c) Listening to music. Because 
it is the one that he does 
more o� en. 
d) Listening to music. Because 
he loves all the songs.
5) What other sounds help 
the Author to sleep?
a) The sound of the computer 
and the tv.
b) The sound of the rain.
c) The sound of love.
d) The sound of the shower.
6) According to the Author, 
what the adult life generally 
come with? 
a) It comes with marriage, 
children, college, work, travels 
and etc.
b) It comes with marriage, 
drinks, beaches, travels and etc.
c) It comes with 
responsibili� es for the family.
d) It comes with happiness 
and among other things.
••• Exercise 2
Basic 2
21
7) Traduza: "Certainly we 
had more � me to do things 
we liked".
a) Certamente nós � nhamos 
mais tempo de fazer as 
coisas que nós aprendemos.
b) Certamente nós � nhamos 
mais tempo de fazer as 
coisas que nós gostavamos.
c) Certamente nós temos 
mais tempo de fazer as 
coisas que nós gostamos.
d) Certamente nós teremos 
mais tempo de fazer as 
coisas que nós iremos 
aprender.
8) Traduza: "Even so, we 
must do our best to save a 
li� le � me for ourselves".
a) No entanto, nós devemos 
dar o nosso melhor para 
reservar tempo para nós 
mesmos. 
b) Ainda assim, nós devemos 
dar o nosso melhor para 
reservar tempo para nós 
mesmos. 
c) Por causa disso, nós 
devemos dar o nosso melhor 
para reservar tempo para 
nós mesmos. 
d) Ainda assim, nós devemos 
dar o nosso melhor para nos 
poupar de nós mesmos.
9) Complete com o melhor 
verbo: I must ______ my life 
organized. 
a) Buy.
b) Save.
c) Keep.
d) Marry.
10) Traduza:"You are a bad 
guy - Even so, I have to say 
that I love you".
a) Você é um cara mau - 
Mesmo assim, eu tenho que 
dizer que eu te amo.
b) Você é um cara mau - Por 
causa disso, eu tenho que 
dizer que eu te amo.
c) Você é um cara mau - Por 
isso mesmo, eu tenho que 
dizer que eu te amo.
d) Você é um cara mau - Por 
outro lado, eu tenho que 
dizer que eu te amo.
11) Traduza: I used to go to 
church when I was young
a) Eu costumava ir para o 
escritório quando era jovem.
b) Eu costumava ir para 
igreja quando era jovem.
c) Eu costumava ir para a 
escola quando era jovem.
Basic 2
22
d) Eu costumava cantar na 
igreja quando era jovem.
12) Complete com o melhor 
verbo: I was taking a shower 
when you _______
a) Arrived.
b) Had.
c) Did.
d) Eat.
13) Traduza: “Eu costumava 
falar com todo mundo 
quando eu era jovem”.
a) I used to say hi everyone, 
when I was young.
b) I used to talk to everybody 
when I was young.
c) I used to rule the world, 
seas would rise when I gave 
the word.
d) I used to talk to nobody 
when I was young.
14) Qual alterna� va 
melhor traduz a "o máximo 
possível"
a) The fast as possible.
b) The most as possible.
c) As much as possible.
d) The least as possible.
15) Qual das alterna� vas 
apresenta erro?
a) My hobbies are wri� ng 
and reading.
b) He likes running everyday.
c) Nowadays everything is 
diff erent.
d) Love yourself as many as 
possible.
Answers:
1-b, 2-d, 3-d, 4-c, 5-b, 6-a, 7-b, 
8-b, 9-c, 10-a, 11-b, 12-a, 13-b, 
14-c, 15-d.
Basic 2
23
Lesson 03
At the fast-food 
restaurant
Worker: Hello. Welcome to 
Burger King. May I take your 
order, sir? 
Customer 1: Yes, I would 
like to have a grilled chicken 
burger with extra onions.
Worker: Would you like 
anything to drink?
Customer 1: I’ll have a coke, 
please.
Worker: Small, medium or 
large?
Customer 1: Medium
Worker: Anything else?
Customer 1: Yes, could I have 
a medium fry too? 
Worker: Absolutely!
Customer 1: Wait! How 
much is the combo?
Worker: The combo is $5.99. 
It comes with large fries and 
a drink.
Customer 1: Fine! Cancel 
my order and change it to a 
combo then. 
Worker: Alright. Would you 
like mustard, mayonnaise, 
and ketchup?
Customer 1: Sure, why not! 
Wait! My cousin is going 
to order too. We will pay 
together.
Worker: Okay. What can I get 
you sir?
Customer 2: I would like to 
have a double cheeseburger.
Worker: Will you have 
your cheeseburger with 
everything on it? 
Customer 2: No! Could you 
hold the onions?
Worker: Absolutely. Anything 
else?
Customer 2: No! That's 
enough. 
Worker: For here or to go?
Customer 2: For here.
Worker: The total comes to 
$15.89. 
Customer 1: We’re going to 
pay in cash. Keep the change
Worker: I appreciate. Have a 
good day!
Customer 1: Have a good 
one you too!
© Pixabay
Basic 2
24
• Would like: Would é uma palavra usada para indicar o futuro do pretérito 
do próximo verbo. Como assim? Resumidamente falando, é quando o 
verbo em português recebe a terminação “ia” no sen� do de futuro. Ex.: I 
like = eugosto; I would like = eu gostaria; I love = eu amo; I would love = 
eu amaria.
• How much: em geral usamos para perguntar o preço de algo. Ex.: How 
much is the combo? Quanto custa o combo? Também podemos usar no 
sen� do de “o quanto”. Ex.: You don’t know how much I miss you = Você 
não sabe o quanto eu sinto sua falta.
•I’ll have: abreviação de I will have. No sen� do literal, fi caria = Eu terei. 
Porém, quanto se trata de pedir algo, especialmente comidas, pode ser 
traduzido como = Eu vou querer. Ex.: I’ll have the dessert too = Eu vou 
querer a sobremesa também. 
• Hold the onions: o verbo to hold signifi ca segurar, aguentar; porém 
nessa situação o signifi cado muda. Quando o cliente fala: “Could you hold 
the onions” ele quis dizer = Você poderia excluir as cebolas.
1. To order, ordered – Fazer 
pedido, ordenar, mandar.
2. To take order – Anotar 
pedido, receber ordens.
3. To pay, payed – Pagar.
4. To get, got – Ficar, pegar, 
obter, ganhar, receber / To
get sick – Ficar doente... 
(quando usado com outras 
palavras, o get pode signifi car 
muitas outras coisas).
5. To hold, held – Segurar.
6. To hold on – esperar / To 
hold the _____ (food) –
Excluir, � rar (– hold the 
onions).
7. To change, changed –
Mudar, trocar.
Verbs
1. To take, took - I took my children to school at 8 am.
2. To have, had - They had four cars in the garage.
3. To keep, kept - Can you keep a secret? Yes, I can! 
Verbs (review)
Basic 2
25
Going to
Going to também é usado para indicar futuro. Usamos ele 
com o verbo to be.
Eg. She is going to marry next month. = Ela vai se casar no 
próximo mês.
Eg. I am going to take a shower now. = Eu vou tomar um 
banho agora.
Eg. We are going to run in the park = Nós vamos correr no 
parque.
Going to x Will?
Going to indica um futuro mais certo, geralmente com 
datas. Algo mais planejado.
Eg. My grandfather is going to travel next week.
Eg. I am going to meet my boyfriend at the airport.
Will é usado em um contexto mais incerto, sem planeja-
mento, decisões instantâneas ou em outros usos mais gerais 
do futuro. Para fazer algum pedido em estabelecimentos tam-
bém usamos o Will + have/take/get.
Eg. You will fi nd someone to love.
Eg. She will probably go to Chicago next year.
Eg. I will have just a glass of water, please!
Para fazer algum pedido em estabelecimentos também 
usamos o will+have/take/get. 
E.g. I will have another cup of coff ee, please.
Uso informal para GOING TO
É muito comum o usar o termo gonna em contextos 
informais ou coloquiais. A expressão gonna é resultado da 
união de GOING + TO.
Eg. She’s going to take a shower. = She’s gonna take a 
shower.
Eg. We’re going to travel tomorrow. = We're gonna travel 
tomorrow.
Basic 2
26
IMPORTANTE
Essas diferenças entre Going to e Will são apenas para 
podermos ter uma noção básica de quando u� lizarmos cada 
um. Em muitos casos você pode u� lizar os dois. 
"Nem tudo no inglês tem que ser uma coisa OU
outra. Muitas vezes será uma coisa E outra". 
Sentences 
I would like to order a strawberry milkshake. 
I'll have a chicken hamburger.
I would like to pay by credit card.
My cousin will try this vanilla ice cream.
I tried to drink that coff ee, but it was extremely bi� er.
Can you hold the pickles?
Hold on! Just a second.
Hold my hand and let's walk in the park.
I couldn't come to the class yesterday because I got sick .
It is ge� ng cold here.
I want to change my order.
She had to cancel her classes.
••• Oral Prac� ce
• I would like to order a 
chicken sandwich.
• Eu gostaria de pedir um 
milkshake de chocolate.
• Can I take your order?
• I will have just a glass of 
water.
• Vou querer apenas um 
sanduíche.
• We will try this dessert.
• Hold on a moment! I need 
to wear my coat fi rst.
• Espera um momento! 
Eu preciso tomar banho 
primeiro.
• My grandmother got sick 
last month.
• What can I get you sir? 
(restaurant)
• Minha � a me pediu para 
desligar o ar condicionado 
ou eu irei fi car doente.
• Can you change my order?
• I want to cancel my order.
• Eu � ve que cancelar meu 
pedido.
Basic 2
27
Bi� er - amargo
Cash - dinheiro vivo
Cents - centavos 
Change - mudança, troco($)
Chicken - frango, galinha
Coins - moedas
Debt - débito
Double - duplo
Egg - ovo
Enough - sufi ciente
Fry/fries - batata frita
Glass - copo 
Grilled - grelhado
How many? - quantos?
How much? - quanto custa? 
o quanto? 
Large - grande
Le� uce - alface
Onions - cebolas
Order - pedido, ordem
Sandwich - sanduíche 
Sir - senhor
Soda - refrigerante
Strawberry - morango
Vanilla - bauilha
Vegetable - vegetais
Yummy - delicioso, saboroso
••• Vocabulary
••• Conversa� on Time
• When I am wai� ng too much � me for an order, I want to 
cancel it. When do you want to cancel your order?
• When I order a hamburger, I want everything on it. How 
about you? Do you like your hamburger with everything on 
it?
• What do you prefer a milkshake or coff ee? 
• How much was your cellphone? 
• How much was your computer? 
• At the restaurant, do you usually pay in cash or by credit 
card? 
Restaurant Conversa� on
Teacher - you are the cashier (Caixa)
You can ask questi ons like – Hello sir/lady. What would you like to 
order? What can I get you? (students must answer using: I would 
like/ I will have…)
Basic 2
28
© pexels.com
Expressions 
Yummy! – Delícia/ delicioso.
That's enough. – Isso é sufi cente. 
That's enough! – Chega!
For here or to go? – Para (comer) aqui 
ou para levar (comida)?
It comes to $5.99 – Deu 5 dólares e 
noventa e nove centavos. 
The total comes to $ 8.00. – O total 
deu 8 dólares.
Have a good day! – Tenha um bom dia.
Have a good one too! – Tenha um bom 
dia/tarde/noite também.
••• Oral Prac� ce
• Yummy I really love 
brownies!
• Vai comer aqui ou vai 
levar?
• The total comes to $4.99.
• O total é $3.99.
• Tenha um bom dia senhor. 
Tenha um bom dia você 
também.
• Eu só tenho $5 dólares, 
mas é sufi ciente.
• That's enough.
••• Translate
Worker: Hello. Welcome to 
Burger King. May I take your 
order, sir? 
Customer 1: Yes, I would 
like to have a grilled chicken 
burger with extra onions.
Worker: Would you like 
anything to drink?
Customer 1: I’ll have a coke, 
please.
Worker: Small, medium or 
large?
Customer 1: Medium
Worker: Anything else?
Customer 1: Yes, could I have 
a medium fry too? 
At the fast-food restaurant
Basic 2
29
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Worker: Absolutely!
Customer 1: Wait! How 
much is the combo?
Worker: The combo is $5.99. 
It comes with large fries and 
a drink.
Customer 1: Fine! Cancel 
my order and change it to a 
combo then. 
Worker: Alright. Would you 
like mustard, mayonnaise, 
and ketchup?
Customer 1: Sure, why not! 
Wait! My cousin is going 
to order too. We will pay 
together.
Worker: Okay. What can I get 
you sir?
Customer 2: I would like to 
have a double cheeseburger.
Worker: Will you have 
your cheeseburger with 
everything on it? 
Customer 2: No! Could you 
hold the onions?
Worker: Absolutely. Anything 
else?
Customer 2: No! That's 
enough. 
Worker: For here or to go?
Customer 2: For here.
Worker: The total comes to 
$15.89. 
Customer 1: We’re going to 
pay in cash. Keep the change
Worker: I appreciate. Have a 
good day!
Customer 1: Have a good 
one you too!
Basic 2
30
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1) Qual alterna� va melhor 
traduz: "Can I take you 
order, sir?".
a) Posso te ajudar, senhor?
b) Posso levar seu pedido, 
senhor?
c) Posso anotar seu pedido, 
senhor?
d) Posso te levar para a 
ordem, senhor?
2) Qual das alterna� vas 
usamos para perguntar por 
preços?
a) How are.
b) How much.
c) How o� en.
d) How many.
3) Qual das alterna� vas 
usamos para perguntar 
a quan� dade de alguma 
coisa?
a) How are.
b) How much.
c) How o� en.
d) How many.
••• Exercise 3
Basic 2
31
4) Traduza: Eu gostaria de 
pedir um milkshake de 
chocolate.
a) I won't like to order a 
chocolate milkshake.
b) I would like to order a 
vanilla milshake.
c) I will like to order a 
chocolate milkshake.
d) I would like to order a 
chocolate milkshake.
5) Traduza: Vou querer 
apenas um copo de água
a) I would have just a glass of 
water.
b) I will have just a glass of 
water.
c) I will like just a glass of 
water.
d) I will have enough a glass 
of water.
6) Will x Going to. Qual 
desses melhor complementa 
a frase: "I ____ have just a 
grilled chiken hamburger"?
a) Am going to.
b) Will.
c) Would.
d) Won't.
7) Will x Going to. Qual 
desses melhor complementa 
a frase: "She _____ probably 
go to Chicago next year"?
a) Is going to.
b) Will.
c) Would.
d) Won't.
8) Will x Going to. Qual 
desses melhor complementa 
a frase: "I _______ to take a 
shower now"?
a) would.
b) am going.
c) will.
d) won't.
9) Traduza: "Quanto é este 
sanduíche de frango?" 
a) So much is this chicken 
sandwich?
b) How many is this chicken 
sandwich?
c) How much is this chicken 
sandwich?
d) How much is this chicken 
hamburger?
10) Traduza: Quantos primos 
você tem?
a) How many cousins do you 
have?
b) How many cousins do you 
has?
Basic 2
32
c) How many aunts do you 
have?
d) How much cousins do you 
have?
11) Traduza: "I don't have 
enough money. I only have 
50 cents".
a) Eu não tenho dinheiro 
sufi ciente. Eu apenas tenho
50 reais.
b) Eu tenho bastante 
dinheiro. Eu apenas tenho
50 centavos.
c) Eu não tenho dinheiro 
sufi ciente. Eu apenas tenho
50 centavos.
d) Eu não tenho dinheiro 
nenhum. Eu apenas tenho
50 centavos.
12) Qual dessas expressões 
usamos para dizer o total 
que custou algo?
a) Yummy.
b) It comes to.
c) That's enough.
d) For here or to go?
13) Qual dessas frases 
contém um erro?
a) How many brothers do 
you have?
b) How many is this combo?
c) This egg is raw. I ordered 
boiled eggs.
d) Would you like to pay in 
cash or by credit card?
14) Apenas uma sentença 
está correta. Qual?
a) She have to cancel her 
classes.
b) I want my hamburger with 
everything on it!
c) I will like to order a chicken 
sandwich.
d) What can I got you sir?
15) Espere um momento! 
Eu preciso tomar banho 
primeiro.
a) Wait a second! I need to 
have breakfast fi rst.
b) Hold on a moment! I need 
to take a shower fi rst.
c) Wait a moment! I need to 
have lunch fi rst.
d) Hold on a moment! I need 
to take a shower second.
Answers:
1-c, 2-b, 3-d, 4-d, 5-b, 6-b, 7-b, 
8-b, 9-c, 10-a, 11-c, 12-b, 13-b, 
14-b, 15-b.
Basic 2
33
©
 P
ix
ab
ay
Lesson 04
Social networking
Social networking (also social media) are online pla� orms 
where people can share personal and professional informa� on 
among themselves. Nowadays, we generally refer to social 
networking in a digital context, where the internet is the main 
tool to help people around the world to connect to each other 
using computers, mobile phones, or tablets. We may say social 
interac� ons such as gathering with neighbors, friends, or work 
colleagues in real life are a kind of social networking as well. 
The fi rst social media website was founded in 1997 by 
Andrew Weinreich and it was called “Six Degrees”. In 2004, 
another social media website was launched by Google, Orkut. 
It was very famous in Brazil and India around 2008, but it closed 
in 2014. Mark Zuckerberg along with his college roommates 
from Harvard University launched “The Facebook” in 2004. 
Currently, Instagram, Twi� er, and Tik Tok are the most famous 
social networking among the youth. Interes� ngly, Instagram 
was founded by a Brazilian man called Mike Krieger together 
with Kevin Systrom in 2010. However, in 2015 Facebook 
acquired Instagram for approximately US$1 billion. 
Basic 2
34
Each other: usamos each other no senti do de: uns aos outros. Alguns 
linguistas afi rmam que each other deve ser empregado entre duas 
pessoas e one another entre mais de duas, mas na práti ca os dois são 
intercambiáveis (não faz muita diferença).
As well: outra forma de dizer também no fi nal de frase (além de too) é 
usando “as well” que signifi ca = da mesma forma, também.
1. To share/ shared –
Compar� lhar.
2. To create/ created –
Exis� r, fundar, possibilitar.
3. To start/ started – Iniciar, 
começar. 
4. To open/ opened – Abrir.
5. To close/ closed – Fechar.
6. To connect/ connected –
Conectar.
7. To develop/ developed –
Desenvolver.
8. To take picture/photo –
Tirar foto.
Verbs
1. To gather/ gathered –
Reunir, juntar, coletar.
2. To refer/ referred –
Referir.
3. To exist/ existed – exis� r.
4. To found/ founded –
fundar.
5. To enable/ enabled –
possibilitar, habilitar.
6. To launch/ launched –
Lançar.
Academic Verbs
MORE NUMBERS
20 - Twenty 100 - one hundred / a hundred
30 -Thirty 200 - Two hundred
40 - Forty 301 - Three hundred and one
50 - Fi� y 911 - Nine hundred eleven
60 - Sixty 999 - Nine hundred ninety-nine
70 - Seventy 1000 - One /a thousand
80 - Eighty 2000 - Two thousand
Basic 2
35
19 92 - Nineteen ninety-two
1987 - Nineteen eighty-seven
2018 - Two thousand eighteen or 
Twenty eighteen
2020 - Two thousand twenty or 
Twenty twenty
SAYING THE YEARS
Sentences 
Our job is to create another PowerPoint presenta� on. 
We started the class four hours ago.
She said she would open a new business.
Hey Adam! Let's take a picture together to post on my Instagram.
My cellphone is not connec� ng to his WIFI.
Racism s� ll (ainda) exists in our society.
He gathered some friends for his birthday party.
The author of the text referred to Anna as a fl ower.
I need to develop the ability of speaking English.
Nowadays, most smartphones enable you to take great pictures.
••• Conversa� on Prac� ce
• I only share my life with my friends. Who do you share your life 
with?
• I always have to create another password for my Instagram. 
Do you always have to create another password for your social 
media? 
• Right now, my computer is connected to the WIFI, but my 
cellphone is connected to the 4G connec� on. What are you 
connected with? (Wifi or 4g) 
• We started to study English three months ago (atrás). When did 
you start to study English? 
• Some banks in USA open at 8:00 am and close at 5 pm. What 
� me do banks in Brazil open and close?
• I developed the ability of speaking English. Do want to develop 
the ability of speaking English as well?
• Google was founded in 1998. According to the text, when was 
Facebook founded?
Basic 2
36
Above - acima
Adver� sing - propaganda, 
publicidade
Along with - juntamente com
Among - entre (mais de 2)
Around - em torno de
Ar� cle - ar� go
As a ma� er of fact - de fato, 
na realidade, aliás
As well - também, da mesma 
forma
At that � me - naquele tempo
Classmate - colega de sala
College - faculdade
Currently - atualmente
Development -
desenvolvimento
Door - porta
Friendship - amizade
Interes� ngly - curiosamente 
(não há termo exato em 
português)
Kind - � po, generoso
Main - principal
Mobile phones - celular
Neighbor - vizinho
Networking - rede
Personal - pessoal
Picture/photo - foto
Roomate - colega de quarto
Since- desde
Such as - tal/tais como
The most - o/a mais
Tool - ferramenta 
Under - abaixo
Window - janela
Youth - juventude, jovens
••• Vocabulary
••• Oral Prac� ce
• Social networking are online 
pla� orms where people share 
informa� on.
• Not only informa� on, 
but also, pictures, videos, 
adver� sing, etc.
• Nowadays we generally 
refer to social networking in a 
digital context.
• The internet is the main tool 
to help people to connect to 
each other.
• Social networking 
has existed since the 
development of civiliza� ons.
• Gathering with neighbors 
in real life is a kind of 
socializa� on as well.
• At that � me only Harvard 
students could create a profi le 
on Facebook.
• Nowadays, we can talk to 
friends in many ways / such as 
Instagram, Facebook, Twi� er, 
What's app and so on.
Basic 2
37
••• Conversa� on Time
• What kind of social networking do you use?
• What about you? What kind of social networking do you use? 
• What is your favorite social media pla� orm? Why
• What about you? What is your favorite social media 
pla� orm? Why?
• What pla� orm you don't use very o� en? Why?
• What about you? What pla� orm you don't use very o� en? 
Why? (next student)
• Do you follow any famous person on your Instagram? Who?
Expressions 
Each other – Uns aos outros.
With each other – Uns com os 
outros.
As a ma� er of fact – De fato, 
na realidade/ aliás.
As well (fi nal de frase) – 
Também.
At that � me – Naquele tempo.
© pexels.com
Basic 2
38
••• Oral Prac� ce
• We can't have much contact 
with each other because of 
the Covid-19.
• As a ma� er of fact, Mark 
Zuckerberg is not the only the 
founder of Facebook.
• De fato, eles não usam 
redes sociais.
• Jack loves her daughter so 
much. She loves him so much 
as well.
• Naquele tempo nós 
� nhamos muitos amigos no 
Orkut.
1) According to the text, how 
is social networking defi ned 
(defi nidas)?
a) Online pla� orms where 
people can share personal 
and professional informa� on 
among themselves.
b) Offl ine pla� orms to share 
personal or professional 
informa� on.
c) Secret pla� orms to access 
what is happening in the 
world.
d) Online pla� orms where 
people can watch other's 
people lives.
2) What is not men� oned in 
the text as a way of social 
interac� on?
a) Gathering with neighbors. 
b) Gathering with friends.
c) Create pictures and videos 
to post on Facebook. 
d) Interact with work colleagues.
3) What was the fi rst social 
media website? And when 
was it founded?
a) Seven Degrees in 1997.
b) Facebook in 2004.
c) Orkut in 2004.
d) Six Degrees in 1997.
4) Who created Facebook? 
And where? 
a) Mike Krieger in Harvard.
b) Mark Zuckerberg in 
Harvard.
c) Mike Krieger in 2010.
d) Mark Zuckerberg in 2004. 
5) According to the text, 
which pla� orms are the most 
famous among the youth 
nowadays?
••• Exercise 4
Basic 2
39
a) Instagram, Twi� er and Tik 
Tok.
b) Tik Tok, Twi� er and Orkut.
c) Facebook, Twi� er and Tik Tok.
d) Instagram, Twi� er and 
Facebook.
6) Traduza: “Ela não gosta de 
compar� lhar seus segredos.”
a) She doesn’t feel like sharing 
her thoughts.
b) She doesn't like to share her 
passwords.
c) She doesn't like to share her 
life.
d) She doesn't like to share her 
secrets.
7) Only one sentence is 
correct. Which one?
a) Facebook developed a new 
way to connect people.
b) The bank opens at 8:00 am 
and windows at 5 pm. 
c) Social networking are offl ine 
pla� orms where people share 
informa� on.
d) The internet are the main 
tool to help people to connect 
to each other. 
8) Traduza: “He gathered 
some friends for his birthday 
party.”
a) Ele juntou seus e amigos e 
foi para a praia.
b) Ele reuniu alguns amigos 
para sua festa de aniversário.
c) Ele juntou seus amigos para 
se diver� r.
d) Ele reuniu muitos amigos 
para sua festa de aniversário.
9) Traduza: "A Apple foi 
fundada em 1976."
a) The Apple was connected in 
1976.
b) A Apple was founded in 
1976.
c) The Apple was founded in 
1976.
d) A Maçã was founded in 
1976.
10) Qual a tradução destes 
verbos, respec� vamente: 
create, share, start, take 
picture?
a) Criar, compar� lhar, reiniciar, 
� rar foto.
b) Criar, esconder, iniciar, � rar 
foto.
c) Criar, compar� lhar, iniciar, 
� rar foto.
d) Criar, compar� lhar, 
terminar, � rar foto.
Basic 2
40
11) Qual a tradução 
destes verbos acadêmicos, 
respec� vamente: refer, 
found, lauch, acquire?
a) Referir, fundar, lanchar, 
adquirir.
b) Referir, fundar, lançar, 
adquirir.
c) Preferir, fundar, lançar, 
adquirir.
d) Referir, afundar, lançar, 
adquirir.
12) Traduza: “We can't 
have much contact with 
each other because of the 
Covid-19.”
a) Não podemos nos 
enconstar muito por causa 
da pandemia.
b) Não podemos ter muito 
contato porque estamos 
doentes de Covid-19.
c) Não podemos estar 
conectados por causa da 
Covid-19.
d) Não podemos ter muito 
contato uns com outros por 
causa da Covid-19.
13) O que signifi ca a 
expression: "At that � me"?
a) Naquele tempo.
b) Hoje em dia.
c) Atualmente.
d) Anos atrás.
14) Qual dessas dessas 
alterna� vas contém uma 
palavra que NÃO pode 
signifi car as palavras: 
“aproximadamente, por 
volta de”. 
a) Around, about, more or 
less.
b) More or less, about, 
approximately.
c) About, around, 
approximately.
d) Around, about, so much.
15) Qual foi a rede social 
mundialmente conhecida 
criada por um brasileiro?
a) Instagram.
b) Twi� er.
c) Orkut.
d) Reddit.
Answers:
1a, 2c, 3d, 4b, 5a, 6d, 7a, 8b, 9c, 
10c, 11b, 12d, 13a, 14d, 15a.
Basic 2
41
© Pixabay 
Lesson 05
Ash – Hi, baby. I am 
exhausted.
Alex – Really, honey? Don't 
tell me that, I am very � red 
too. I had a long day. 
Ash – I received a lot of 
clients at work today. I 
closed a deal with most of 
them. Finally, I will get there!
Alex – That's awesome, 
swee� e. I didn't have a great 
day like you did. I had to 
leave later than usual. My 
boss checked up on me to 
make sure I was working 
well. I wanted to stop by my 
grandma's house because 
I was missing her. Anyway, 
that was my day. 
Ash – Hey, Tiger, come here! 
Alex –We must take him to 
the veterinarian tomorrow. 
Ash – I already did. I went 
there as soon as I got home 
from work. I Ie� him there 
and took him back when I 
was coming home.
Alex – What did she say 
about him? 
Ash – She said that Tiger was 
not sick. 
Alex – He is not sick?
Ash – Not at all! It's just 
some kind of allergy to 
dust mites. He wrote some 
recommenda� ons, but I 
forgot where I put them. 
We need to clean this house 
be� er, baby.
Alex – That’s true! All we 
do is cook, sweep the fl oor, 
do the dishes and do the 
laundry, but we always forget 
to vacuum the carpet.
A long day
He is not sick? Perceba que aqui não 
fi zemos a pergunta de modo formal: 
"Isn't he sick?". A ideia foi passar 
uma intonação de surpresa, incre-
dulidade. Nesses casos mantemos 
a estrutura como se fosse afi rmação 
e adicionamos a interrogação "He is 
not sick?".
Basic 2
42 © pexels.com
• To Close, closed – She 
closed the door.
• To Make, made – I made a 
cake yesterday.
• To Write, wrote – Paulo 
Coelho wrote many books in 
his life.
• To Try, tried – You tried to 
do your best. Good job!
• To go, went – I went to 
church, a� er that, I went 
home.
Verbs review (PAST)
Use o DID para perguntas, 
respostas e negação no PASSADO.
Did you do the homework?
Yes, I did/ No I didn’t.
Did you have lunch today?
Yes, I did/ No I didn’t.
I didn’t write any book.
I didn’t make any plan for tonight.
1. To receive/ received –
Receber.
2. To feel/ felt – Sen� r.
3. To leave/ le� – Par� r, 
deixar (algum lugar).
4. To message/ messaged –
Enviar mensagem.
5. To clean/ cleaned –
Limpar.
6. To stop/ stopped – Parar.
7. To forget/ forgot –
Esquecer.
8. To miss/ missed – Sen� r 
falta, sen� r saudades.
Verbs
1. To close a deal – Fechar 
um negócio.
2. To check up on (me, you, 
her...) – Checar alguém (se 
está fazendo o trabalho ou se 
está bem).
3. To make sure – Cer� fi car-
se, ter a certeza de algo 
(antes de fazer alguma 
coisa).
4. To get there – Chegar lá.
Phrasalverbs
© freepik.com
Basic 2
43
Sentences
We received a lot of money from the bank.
Yesterday my aunt was sick, but she is feeling be� er today.
My husband is going to leave on Tuesday.
I will message you when I arrive at the airport.
Hey honey! Today is your day to clean the house.
Don't stop now! You must clean the bedroom before sleeping.
I closed a deal with four clients today. I will get there. I just 
need a li� le � me.
Make sure to do the exercise four before star� ng the 
lesson fi ve.
We can’t forget to call the veterinarian on Wednesday.
••• Conversa� on Time
• Would you like to receive one thousand dollars? What 
would you do with a thousand dollars? (2x)
• How are you feeling today? (2x)
• I use the WhatsApp to message people. What do you use to 
message your friends?
• Who cleans your bedroom? (2x)
• Would you like to close a deal for 1 million dollars? (2x)
• I always make sure to turn the lights off before sleeping. Do 
you always make sure to turn the lights off before sleeping? 
(2x)
• Did you forget to do the homework this week? (2x)
1. To sweep, swept – Varrer.
2. To vacuum, vacuumed 
– Aspirar (limpeza com 
aspirador de pó).
3. To do the dishes, did the 
dishes – Lavar a louça/os 
pratos.
4. To do the laundry/ did the 
laundry – Lavar roupa.
5. To cook, cooked –
Cozinhar.
Housework verbs
Basic 2
44
• Houseworks refers to all the works we do at home. 
Sweeping, vacuuming, etc. 
Eg. We have a lot of houseworks to do today.
Eg. I don’t like to do the dishes. I mean, I don’t like to do any 
of the houseworks.
• Homework refers to any ac� vity we must do from school, 
college, English course.
Eg. Your homework is to do the exercise six.
Eg. We did the homework, but we forgot to study for the next 
lesson.
Housework x Homeworks 
As soon as possible (ASAP) -
o mais breve possível
Broom - vassoura
Carpet - tapete
Dust mites - ácaros de poeira
Honey - mel, docinho
In-person - pessoalmente
Lawyer - advogado
Liar - men� roso(a)
Lie - men� ra
Mistake - erro
Most of them - a maioria 
deles(as) alguma
Oven - forno
Sick - doente
Some kind of - algum � po de
Stove - fogão
Swee� e - docinho
That's true - isso é verdade
Tired - cansado
Trash - lixo
Upset - triste, chateado
Vacuum cleaner - aspirador 
de pó
••• Vocabulary
Basic 2
45
••• Oral Prac� ce
• I got exhausted when I work 
very hard. When do you get 
exhausted? 
• I some� mes call my love as 
swee� e, honey or even baby. 
How do you prefer to call your 
love? 
• When I was a kid, I wanted 
to be a lawyer, or a singer. 
When you were a kid, what 
did you want to be?
• I don’t like when someone 
lies to me. Do you like when 
someone lies to you? 
• I want to learn (aprender) 
Spanish as soon as possible. 
• What do you want to 
do as soon as possible? 
(Complete…I want to...)
• I like to take a shower as 
soon as I get home. What do 
you like to do as soon as you 
get home? 
• I get upset when someone 
lies to me. When do you get 
upset? 
Answer - True or False? 
1- You are a lawyer. 
2- You are a singer. 
3- Your grandfather is sick 
today. 
4- Nowadays, most of the kids 
already use smartphones. 
Answer - That's Right or That's 
Wrong? 
1- Brazil has 29 states. (How 
many?) 
2- United States has 50 states. 
© freepik.com
Basic 2
46
••• Oral Expressions
• I always need to check up on 
my grandparents because they 
really need some help. Is there 
anyone in your house that you 
need to check up on?
• I need to travel as soon as 
possible. What do you want 
to do as soon as possible? 
• Using the expression “not at 
all!” Answer this ques� on. Are 
you going to pay me 1 million 
dollars? (Why?)
Power Point Presenta� on for next class 
(25% of your par� al test grade)
� You will create a PowerPoint presentati on about one of 
these topics:
1. Adult Life
2. Social Networking
You can use the lessons 2 (adult life) and 4 (social 
networking) to make your presenta� on. But remember 
to use your own words and try to use pictures from the 
internet to replace the text.
The teachers will evaluate your
Pronuncia� on = 10 points
Slides organiza� on - visual quality (photos, colors, 
design, etc) = 10 points
Ability to speak without much text wri� en on the 
presenta� on = 5 points
Time = 3 minutes (at least) - 5 minutes (maximum)
TIPAlguns dos tópicos que 
você pode usar para criar 
sua apresentação:
defi nition, history, 
examples, complications, 
effects, causes…
Basic 2
47
1) Why is Ash � red?
a) Because he closed deal 
with someone, he didn't like.
b) Because he got sick when 
he was working.
c) Because he worked very 
hard and had to leave earlier.
d) Because he closed deal 
with a lot of clients at work. 
2) Why didn't Alex have a 
great day like Ash?
a) Because he had to leave 
later than usual. 
b) Because his grandmother 
was not very well.
c) Because he went to his 
grandmother's house.
d) Because he made some 
mistakes at work and had to 
go to church.
3) According to the text, 
why did Alex stop on his 
grandmother’s house?
a) Because she was sick.
b) Because he was missing 
her.
c) Because she broke her leg.
d) Because he is a good 
grandson.
4) What did the veterinary 
say about � ger?
a) He did not say anything.
b) He was not sick.
c) He was seriously sick.
d) He was a very cute cat.
5) What is Tiger's problem?
a) He has a problem with his 
leg.
b) He has a stomach desease.
c) He is alergic to shrimp.
d) He is alergic to dust mites. 
6) Traduza: "All we do is 
cook, sweep the fl oor, do the 
dishes and do the laundry".
a) Tudo que nós fazemos é 
cozinhar, lavar o chão, lavar 
os pratos e lavar roupa.
b) Tudo que fazíamos era 
cozinhar, varrer o chão, lavar 
os pratos e lavar roupa. 
c) Tudo que nós fazemos é 
cozinhar, varrer o chão, lavar 
os pratos e lavar roupa.
d) Tudo que nós fazemos é 
comer, varrer o chão, lavar os 
pratos e lavar roupa.
••• Exercise 5
Basic 2
48
7) Traduza os seguintes 
verbos respec� vamente: to 
feel, to leave, to forget, to 
miss.
a) Sen� r, cheirar, esquecer, 
sen� r falta.
b) Sen� r, par� r, lembrar, 
sen� r falta.
c) Ouvir, par� r, esquecer, 
sen� r falta.
d) Sen� r, par� r, esquecer, 
sen� r falta.
8) Traduza: My husband is 
going to leave on Tuesday.
a) Meu marido vai par� r na 
segunda-feira.
b) Meu marido vai par� r na 
terça-feira.
c) Meu esposo vai par� r na 
quinta-feira.
d) Meu amor vai par� r para 
não voltar.
9) Housework x Homework. 
Qual das sentenças as 
palavras housework ou 
homework está aplicada 
inadequadamente?
a) I prefer to do the the 
houseworks than to do the 
homeworks.
b) Your homework was very 
hard.
c) Sweeping the fl oor and 
cleaning the bathroom are 
homeworks I don't like to do. 
d) We did the homework, 
but we forgot to study for 
the next lesson.
10) Traduza: James is just a 
liar. All he does is lie to me.
a) James é apenas um 
men� roso. Tudo que ele faz 
é men� r para mim. 
b) James é mais que um 
men� ro. Tudo que ele faz é 
men� r para mim.
c) James é apenas um 
advogado. Tudo que ele faz é 
men� r para mim.
d) James é somente um 
men� roso. Tudo que ele faz 
é sorrir para mim.
11) Complete with the best 
verb: When I was a kid, I 
_______ to be a lawyer, or a 
singer.
a) Had
b) Wanted 
c) Could
d) Took
Basic 2
49
12) Traduza: Quero ser feliz 
o mais breve possível.
a) I want to be happy in fact.
b) I want to be rich as soon 
as possible.
c) I want to be happy as soon 
as possible.
d) I want to be happy as soon 
and possible.
13) Traduza os seguintes 
Housework verbs, 
respec� vamente: To sweep, 
to vacuum, to cook, to do 
the dishes.
a) Varrer, aspirar, cozinhar, 
lavar os pratos.
b) Varrer, cozinhar, lavar os 
pratos, aspirar.
c) Varrer, evacuar, cozinhar, 
fazer os pratos.
d) Aspirar, cozinhar, varrer, 
lavar os pratos.
14) Translate: Are you going 
to vacuum the fl oor now? 
Not at all! 
a) Você vai vai lavar os pratos 
agora? De jeito nenhum!
b) Você vai vai aspirar o chão 
agora? De jeito nenhum! 
c) Você vai vai varrer o chão 
agora? De jeito nenhum!
d) Você vai vai aspirar o chão 
agora?Obviamentem!
15) Translate: As soon 
as I got home, I went to 
the bathroom and took a 
shower.
a) Assim que fi quei em casa, 
eu fui ao banheiro e tomei 
um banho.
b) O mais breve possível eu 
cheguei em casa e tomei 
banho.
c) O mais rápido possível eu 
irei tomar banho quando 
chegar em casa.
d) Assim que cheguei em 
casa, eu fui ao banheiro e 
tomei um banho.
Answers:
1-d, 2-a, 3-a, 4-b, 5-d, 6-c, 7-d, 
8-c, 9-c, 10-a, 11-b, 12-c, 13-a, 
14-b, 15-d.
Basic 2
50
Par� al Review
Transla� on
You are going to translate one of the texts below.
Lesson 1 - The power went out
Noah - Hey dad, where are you now?
Jack - I am at the mall son, where are you?
Noah - I am in the park. I need some items from there, could 
you buy them for me please?
Jack - Of course. Where is your brother? Is he with you? 
Noah - No dad, I think he is at home or at the offi ce. I am not 
sure.
Jack - OK then. Tell me what you need.
Noah - I need a new charger for my phone and another one 
for my laptop.
Jack - Jesus! What happened to your devices? 
Noah - The power went out last night and they are all broken 
now. 
Jack - Damn it! That's too bad! Do you think the power went 
out because of the rain last night? The weather yesterday was 
crazy.
Noah - Rain dad? That was a huge storm. But yeah, every year 
when the summer storms hit our town, we have electricity 
problems. What � me will you be at home?
Jack - I will be home around 3 pm. I am just wai� ng the end 
of the mee� ng.
Noah - Ok. Bye then, see you later.
Jack - See you. I'll talk to you later.
Time for presentati ons and Teachers’ 
comments (60 min).
Basic 2
51
Lesson 2 - Adult Life
When I was sixteen, I used to play guitar more o� en. I also 
had more � me to enjoy my hobbies. Nowadays, my hobbies 
consist of playing guitar or piano, watching movies or tv series, 
working out, playing volleyball and specially listening to music, 
my favorite hobby. Listening to music it is the one that I do 
more o� en because I can do it when I am working, taking 
shower, working out and even sleeping. In fact, I cannot sleep 
without listening to the sounds of the rain or other relaxing 
songs on Spo� fy. 
When we were young, we certainly had more � me to do 
things we liked and to enjoy life as we wanted. As we grow 
up, our adult life along with our responsibili� es keep us away 
from our hobbies. It generally comes with marriage, children, 
college, work, travels etc. Even so, we must do our best to 
save a li� le � me for ourselves. A� er all, life is not only about 
money, work and study. Life is about being happy as much as 
Lesson 3 - At the fas� ood restaurant
Worker: Hello. Welcome to Burger King. May I take your 
order, sir? 
Customer 1: Yes, I would like to have a grilled chicken burger 
with extra onions.
Worker: Would you like anything to drink?
Customer 1: I’ll have a coke, please.
Worker: Small, medium or large?
Customer 1: Medium
Worker: Anything else?
Customer 1: Yes, could I have a medium fry too? 
Worker: Absolutely!
Customer 1: Wait! How much is the combo?
Worker: The combo is $5.99. It comes with large fries and a 
drink.
Basic 2
52
Customer 1: Fine! Cancel my order and change it to a combo 
then. 
Worker: Alright. Would you like mustard, mayonnaise, and 
ketchup?
Customer 1: Sure, why not! Wait! My cousin is going to order 
too. We will pay together.
Worker: Okay. What can I get you sir?
Customer 2: I would like to have a double cheeseburger
Worker: Will you have your cheeseburger with everything on 
it? 
Customer 2: No! Could you hold the onions?
Worker: Absolutely. Anything else?
Customer 2: No! That's enough. 
Worker: For here or to go?
Customer 2: For here.
Worker: The total comes to $15.89. 
Customer 1: We’re going to pay in cash. Keep the change
Worker: I appreciate. Have a good day!
Customer 1: Have a good one you too!
Lesson 4 - Social Networking
Social networking (also social media) are online pla� orms 
where people can share personal and professional informa� on 
among themselves. Nowadays, we generally refer to social 
networking in a digital context, where the internet is the main 
tool to help people around the world to connect to each other 
using computers, mobile phones, or tablets. We may say social 
interac� ons such as gathering with neighbors, friends, or work 
colleagues in real life are a kind of social networking as well. 
The fi rst social media website was founded in 1997 by 
Andrew Weinreich and it was called “Six Degrees”. In 2004, 
another social media website was launched by Google, Orkut. 
It was very famous in Brazil and India around 2008, but it closed 
in 2014. Mark Zuckerberg along with his college roommates 
Basic 2
53
from Harvard University launched “The Facebook” in 2004. 
Currently, Instagram, Twi� er, and Tik Tok are the most famous 
social networking among the youth. Interes� ngly, Instagram 
was founded by a Brazilian man called Mike Krieger together 
with Kevin Systrom in 2010. However, in 2015 Facebook 
acquired Instagram for approximately US$1 billion. 
Lesson 5 - A long day
Ash – Hi, baby. I am exhausted.
Alex – Really, honey? Don't tell me that, I am very � red too. I 
had a long day. 
Ash – I received a lot of clients at work today. I closed a deal 
with most of them. Finally, I get there!
Alex – That's awesome, swee� e. I didn't have a great day like 
you did. I had to leave later than usual. My boss checked up 
on me to make sure I was working well. I wanted to stop by 
my grandma's house because I was missing her. Anyway, that 
was my day. 
Ash – Hey, Tiger, come here! 
Alex –We must take him to the veterinarian tomorrow. 
Ash – I already did. I went there as soon as I got home from 
work. I le� him there and took him back when I was coming 
home.
Alex – What did she say about him? 
Ash – She said that Tiger was not sick. 
Alex – Isn’t he sick?
Ash – Not at all! It's just some kind of allergy to dust mites. 
He wrote some recommenda� ons, but I forgot where I put 
them. We need to clean this house be� er, baby.
Alex – That’s true! All we do is cook, sweep the fl oor, do the 
dishes and do the laundry, but we always forget to vacuum 
the carpet.
Basic 2
54
Conversa� on You are going to answer of these 
questi ons (try to answer as complete
as possible).
Lesson 1 
• I need to buy a present for myself.
• Eu preciso comprar uma nova jaqueta para mim.
• It is raining in London today.
• The rain always hits the ground (chão).
• A chuva nunca a� nge minha cidade.
• She cannot wait for you.
• Eu não posso esperar por você.
• That is the end of our class.
• Este é o fi nal da estação.
• He needs to fi nish the lesson six.
• Eu preciso terminar minha 10ª lição.
• My boyfriend is wai� ng for me at the mall. 
• There are some items from the offi ce that I need for 
tomorrow.
• Meu notebook precisa de um novo carregador.
• She needs another device to call her mother.
• Nós estamos no estacionamento esperando a tempestade 
passar.
• The power went out last night and my cellphone is broken 
now.
• Eu não sei por que faltou luz ontem à noite.
• We arrived late for the class today, so we need to study 
more.
• On the other hand, my cellphone is � ny.
• All I need is � me to sleep and more money to buy things.
• The spring always comes a� er the winter. 
• Nós somos apenas nove pessoas na família.
• There is a solu� on for every problem.
Basic 2
55
Lesson 2
• My favorite hobby is playing videogame. What is your 
favorite hobby?
• How about you (next student)? What is your favorite hobby?
• Are you working out, currently?
• When it’s hot I use a fan at home. How many fans do you 
have at your house?
Lesson 3
• When I am wai� ng too much � me for an order, I want to 
cancel it. When do you want to cancel your order?
• When I order a hamburguer, I want everything on it. How 
about you? Do you like your hamburger with everything on it? 
• What do you prefer a milkshake or coff ee? 
• How much was your cellphone? 
• How much was your computer? 
• At the restaurant, do you usuallypay in cash or by credit 
card? 
Lesson 4
• I only share my life with my friends. Who do you share your 
life with? 
• I always have to create another password for my Instagram. 
Do you always have to create another password for your 
social media? 
• Right now, my computer is connected to the WIFI, but my 
cellphone is connected to the 4G connec� on. What are you 
connected with? (Wifi or 4g) 
• We started to study English three months ago (atrás). When 
did you start to study English? 
• What kind of social networking do you use?
• What is your favorite social media pla� orm? Why?
Basic 2
56
Lesson 5
• Would you like to receive one thousand dollars? What 
would you do with a thousand dollars? 
• How are you feeling today? 
• I use the WhatsApp to message people. What do you use to 
message your friends?
• Who cleans your bedroom? 
• Would you like to close a deal for 1 million dollars? 
• I always make sure to turn the lights off before sleeping. Do 
you always make sure to turn the lights off before sleeping? 
• Did you forget to do the homework this week? 
• I got exhausted when I work very hard. When do you get 
exhausted? 
• I some� mes call my love as swee� e, honey or even baby. 
How do you prefer to call your love? 
• When I was a kid, I wanted to be a lawyer, or a singer. When 
you were a kid, what did you want to be?
• I don’t like when someone lies to me. Do you like when 
someone lies to you? 
• I like to take a shower as soon as I get home. What do you 
like to do as soon as you get home? 
• I get upset when someone lies to me. When do you get 
upset?
Let’s talk!
Basic 2
57
We all know how much is important to sleep well and have 
a good rest at night. Having a good sleep usually means to 
sleep around 8 hours nonstop. Nevertheless, as well as the 
number of hours slept, the quality of sleep is also important. 
Many people nowadays suff er from insomnia, a sleep 
disorder in which people cannot sleep properly. Some causes 
may include anxiety, psychological stress, and hormonal 
changes. Among other causes, can be cited: excessive 
consump� on of alcohol, lack of physical ac� vity, overuse of 
electronic devices, travel or work schedule, medica� ons, 
caff eine, nico� ne, and many others. 
How to create be� er habits to sleep well?
Follow these � ps to have a good night sleep:
• Do not drink too much alcohol before bed� me.
• Try not to consume caff eine in the a� ernoon or at night.
• Wake up every day at the same � me, even on the weekend 
or vaca� on.
• Stop using your electronic devices before you go to bed or 
use them only to play some relaxing music.
Lesson 06 
Sleep Deprivation
© freepik.com
Nevertheless: another way to say however.
Basic 2
58
1. To sleep, slept – She slept more than 8 hours. 
2. There is/are, there was/were – There was a white car in 
front of my house last night.
3. To travel, traveled – We traveled 3 hours to get here.
4. To wake up, woke up – The baby woke up just now.
5. To change, changed – We changed the � me of our class.
Just now – agora mesmo, acabou de fazer. Nesse caso acordar. – I just got 
home = acabei de chegar em casa. / I just ate = Acabei de comer.
Verbs review (PAST)
1. To rest, rested - descansar
2. To mean, meant - signifi car, querer dizer/fazer (ter a 
intenção)
3. To suff er, suff ered - sofrer
4. To include, included - incluir
5. To follow, followed – seguir
6. To cite, cited - citar
Verbs
Sentences
Hey swee� e, I am really � red. I need to rest.
God means love.
I didn't mean to make you sad. 
Nowadays, a lot of young people suff er from anxiety.
I am very sad because you didn't include me in your close 
friends list.
My ex-boyfriend followed me on my Instagram, but I will not 
follow him back.
The student didn’t cite the author in his academic ar� cle.
Basic 2
59
••• Conversa� on Prac� ce
• I slept around 6 hours last night. How many hours did you 
sleep last night?
• I never traveled to Bahia. Tell me one state you never traveled 
to. 
• Today I woke up at 8 AM. What � me did you wake up today? 
• Ask your classmate what � me she/he woke up today. (Hey 
____, what � me did you ….)
• When we are � red, we need to rest. Do you need to rest 
today?
• Family for me means love, care, and aff ec� on. What does 
family mean to you?
• I suff er from anxiety problems. Do you suff er from something?
• I follow my friends, my family, and some famous people on 
Instagram. Who do you follow on your Instagram? 
Anxiety - ansiedade 
Around - em torno de
As a result - como resultado
As well as - assim como
Bed� me - hora de dormir 
Blood pressure - pressão 
arterial
Consump� on - consumo
Disorder - transtorno
Enough - sufi ciente
Habits - hábitos
Heart desease - doença do 
coração
Lack - falta
Lower performance -
perfomance mais baixa
Nevertheless - todavia, 
contudo
Nonstop - sem parar
Overuse - uso exagerado
Poor - pobre, de má 
qualidade
Properly - devidamente 
Schedule - cronograma, 
horário
Several - vários
Sleep depriva� on - privação 
do sono
Tips - dicas
Vaca� on - férias
Which - pelo qual, cujo
Work schedule - horário de 
trabalho
••• Vocabulary
Basic 2
60
Comparing
When we have 1 or 2 syllable word and we want to compare 
we add + er. E.g. low = lower, high = higher, short = shorter.
Fiat Uno has a lower price than HB20.
In the basic 2 I will get a higher grade.
My sister is shorter than me.
••• Conversa� on Prac� ce
• Yesterday I did not sleep well. Did you sleep well yesterday
• Std. 1 ask Std. 2 if she/he slept well yesterday. 
• I can run around 2 kilometers nonstop. How many kilometers 
can you run nonstop? 
• Std. 1 ask Std. 2 How many kilometers he/she can run 
nonstop?
• How many hours can you sleep nonstop? 
• Nowadays, many people have sleep disorder. Do you have 
sleep disorder? 
• In my family my dad suff ers from high blood pressure. Who 
in your family suff ers from high blood pressure? 
• Fast food is poor in nutrients and coff ee is rich in caff eine. 
Can you cite any fruit that is rich in vitamin C? 
• Did you drink coff ee this morning?
• Do you eat fruit every day? 
• Do you like to eat some desserts a� er dinner? 
• Do you like to eat at fast food restaurants? 
• How many hours of sleep do you generally need per night? 
Basic 2
61
••• Let's Translate
We all know how much is im-
portant to sleep well and have 
a good rest at night. Having a 
good sleep usually means to 
sleep around 8 hours non-
stop. Nevertheless, as well 
as the number of hours slept, 
the quality of sleep is also im-
portant. 
Many people nowadays suff er 
from insomnia, a sleep disor-
der in which people cannot 
sleep properly. Some causes 
may include anxiety, psycho-
logical stress, and hormonal 
changes. Among other caus-
es, can be cited: excessive 
consump� on of alcohol, lack 
of physical ac� vity, overuse of 
electronic devices, travel or 
work schedule, medica� ons, 
caff eine, nico� ne, and many 
others. 
How to create be� er habits to 
sleep well?
Follow these � ps to have a 
good night sleep:
• Do not drink too much alco-
hol before bed� me.
• Try not to consume caff eine 
in the a� ernoon or at night.
• Wake up every day at the 
same � me, even on the week-
end or vaca� on.
• Stop using your electronic 
devices before you go to bed 
or use them only to play some 
relaxing music.
Sleep Depriva� on
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Basic 2
62
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