LÍNGUA INGLESA - ESTRUTURAS BÁSICAS (RESUMO DE QUESTÕES) + prática oral em Ling. Ingl.

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LÍNGUA INGLESA – ESTRUTURAS BÁSICAS
* Class 1 has a link to a video interview with renowned Professor David Crystal where he discusses whether English should be taught as a Global Language or not. According to him, the main impact of Global English happens in the Teaching Comprehension.
* From a political point of view, what main purpose can English as a global language serve? - Facilitate agreements.
* Morphology refers to the study about the grammar of words and parts of words.
* Choose the alternative that is CORRECT in relation to Morphology: The branch of linguistics (and one of the major components of grammar) that studies word structures, especially in terms of morphemes.
* _Linguistics _concerns itself with describing and explaining the nature of human language. Fundamental questions include what is universal to language, how language can vary, and how human beings come to know languages.
 * Phonetics, Phonology, Morphology and Syntax are sub-fields of: Linguistics
* According to an evolutionary movement _linguistics_ has turned out to be the scientific study of human language. 
*_Linguistics_ can be broadly broken into three categories or subfields of study: language form, language meaning, and language in context.
*Before the 20th century, the term _Philology_ was commonly used to refer to the science of language, which was then predominant. Linguistics was lately designated to name the study of language, sometimes called the science of language.
* PHRASE is a group of words. It might have a noun or a verb or be an adjective phrase, but it doesn't have a noun and a verb. 
A group of words with a noun and a verb is a CLAUSE.
The SENTENCE is traditionally (and inadequately) defined as a word or group of words that expresses a complete idea and that includes a subject and a verb.
* Morpheme is the minimal unit of form and meaning.
* PREPOSITION is a word (one of the parts of speech and a member of a closed word class) that shows the relationship between a noun or pronoun and other words in a sentence.
* This sentence has 2 objects: The boy gave his mother a flower.
* The predicate is linked to the subject by a linking verb: My brother looked happy.
* The only incorrect affirmation about determiners is: they state where verbs must be placed.
* Which of the following can function both as a LEXICAL VERB and an AUXILIARY VERB? ( DO and HAVE )
* Number and punctuate the sentences according to their type: 3 - 4 - 1 – 2
Do get me the reports – COMMAND / Never have I gone to the theater - EXCLAMATION / The sun rises in the East – STATEMENT / Does she do exercises – QUESTION
* Consider the following pairs of morphemes (capitalized): a) workED and catS; b) walkING and speakS; c) John'S and fastER; d) slowEST and prettiER; e) OVERexcited and DIShonest. It IS correct to affirm that: In pair E is there are only derivational morphemes.
* Complete the sentence:_TEACH_ is the general world for helping a person or group of people to learn something.
* The word in letter: _CAR_ is an example of a free morpheme. (ex.: dog/car)
* Mark the sentence in which the predicate is linked to the subject by a linking verb: My brother looked happy.
* Mark the only verb that can complete the sentence: In 1971 the Robertsons -_DECIDED_ to sail around the world.
* Mark the verb which completes the sentence: The driver_WILL PARK_the lorry in front of the factory tomorrow.
* Identify the infinitive or infinitive phrase in the following sentence: I am eager to take any Saturday job. 
* In the sentence: [The two Brothers are happy today.] The phrase "the two Brothers" is a noun phrase.
* Choose the option that DOES NOT show a derivational morpheme (capitalized): NONsense, drinkABLE, moderniZE, nationAL, speakS.
* Before the 20th century, the term _ Philology _was commonly used to refer to the science of language, which was then predominant.
* Complete the sentence by choosing the alternative that correctly fills the empty space: A _prepositional phrase_ is a group of words made up of a preposition, its object, and any of the object's modifiers.
* Which element in the following sentence represents a LEXICAL VERB? (My students should have been studying hard since the begining of the semestre.)
* Which statement shows an example of a highlighted lexical verbs? (I've  had this computer for three years)
* Choose the option that contains a noun phrase: the red carpet ||| two beautiful girls.
* Choose the option that presents the correct classification, according to the syntactic function in the following sentence: "Sarah bought a new dress yesterday." (Sarah - subject / a new dress – object)* The term Parts of speech is applied to define the grammatical categories we may use to sort words.
* You can have the best curriculum, the best infrastructure, and the best policies, but if you don¿t have good teachers then everything is lost¿We provide our teachers with 100 hours of professional development each year¿If you do not have inspired teachers, how can you have inspired students? (Singapore Education Official, quoted in Barber and Mourshed) Tal citação refere-se a(o): PAPEL DO PROFESSOR DE INGLÊS.
* When a verb is considered transitive it means that It requires both a direct subject and one or more objects.
* According to an evolutionary movement LINGUISTICS has turned out to be the scientific study of human language.  
* LINGUISTICS can be broadly broken into three categories or subfields of study: language form, language meaning, and language in context.
* Read the following clause and choose the alternative that contains the verb phrase - Has Joan written her report yet?
* Read the following clause and choose the alternative that contains the verb phrase - Jim has been working on his science project.* Complete the sentence by choosing the correct alternative It is known that a set of words that display the same
 formal properties, especially their inflections " a process of word formation in which items is added to the base
 form of a word  and distribution belong to the    same word class.
 
* Morphemes that cannot occur on their own are known as:  Bound morphemes
* Which sentence is correctly built in relation to the correct placement of the elements that form it? I watch TV in the evening.
* Linguistics concerns itself with describing and explaining the nature of human language. Fundamental questions
 include what is universal to language, how language can vary, and how human beings come to know languages.
* Complete the sentence by choosing the alternative that correctly fills the empty space: A prepositional phrase  is a group of words made up of a preposition, its object, and any of the object's modifiers.
 
* Identify the infinitive or infinitive phrase in the following sentence: I am eager to take any Saturday job.  to take any Saturday job
 
* Example of highlighted lexical verb:   I've had this computer for three years.
 
*Assinale a alternativa que contém um pronome substituindo o sintagma nominal presente na frase a seguir:  
 It is about to be sold.
 
* Choose the option that presents the correct classification, according to the syntactic function in the following
 sentence: "Sarah bought a new dress yesterday."  Sarah  subject / a new dress  object
PRÁTICA ORAL EM LÍNGUA INGLESA 
1. Pesquisas apontam para a necessidade de se reconhecer o fato de que a habilidade de "speaking" envolve três áreas de conhecimento: mecânico, funções, regras sociais e culturais.
2. O foco em uma determinada habilidade comunicativa geralmente parte da necessidade e objetivo do aprendiz: falar, escrever, ler textos acadêmicos, etc. O fato é que sem praticar nenhuma dessas habilidades, você não irá muito longe. Por isso que, quando se quer falar fluentemente, deve-se exercitar, prioritariamente, a seguinte habilidade comunicativa: SPEAKING.
3. Segundo Widdowson (1998), o conceito de habilidade pode ser associado a treino, já que exigirá umdeterminado nível de desempenho. Outros apontam as habilidades como destrezas que requerem uma prática específica. Para tornar-nos fluentes em uma língua, temos à disposição quatro habilidades comunicativas: listenning, speaking, reading and writing.
1. The meaning of the expression in capitals in the sentence: LAST WEEKEND LOUIS STUDIED TILL THE COWS WENT HOME is: He studied for a very long time.
2. While studying vocabulary, the most difficult and threatening group for foreign learners is idiomatic expressions and slangs.
3. From the concepts studied along the course we may understand that idioms represent common phrases or sayings whose meanings cannot be understood by individual words.
4. Complete the proverb: "Don´t count your _chicken_ before they are hatched".
5. Read the following sentence: " When in Rome, do as Romans do. ". Mark ( V ) if the sentence explains the meaning of the proverb: When you travel, you should respect and copy the local customs.