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– 1 IN G LÊ S E MÓDULO 1 VOCABULARY I. Form the word for the person doing the job by putting an ending to the word in parentheses. Example: Bill is a teacher at my school. (teach) artist1. That _________________ paints beautiful pictures. (art) baker2. Your ____________ makes wonderful bread. (bake) cashier3. You pay the ______________. She’s that lady over there. (cash) pharmacist4. You can ask a ____________________________ about which medicine you need. (pharmacy) driver5. On most buses you pay the ___________________. (drive) drummer6. He’s a __________________ in a pop group. (drum) electrician7. Phone the ________________ if the lights don’t work. (electric) librarian8. Ask the _______________ if you can borrow this book. (library) musician9. That ____________ plays a lot of different instruments. (music) editor10. I’m going to write a letter to the __________ of this paper. (edit) pianist11. That _______________________ plays very well. (piano) sailor12. I’m a ______________________ on that ship. (sail) manager13. He’s the ________________________ of a clothing store in town. (manage) gardener14. We have a ________________________ who comes twice a week. (garden) writer15. My cousin is a _________________ for the Daily News. (write) II. Choose the best word to complete the sentences. 1. The ____________________ will take your suitcases to your car. a) porter b) author c) engineer d) jockey RESOLUÇÃO: Resposta: A 2. She wants the _________________ to make a special cake for her daughter’s birthday. a) inspector b) baker c) cashier d) mechanic RESOLUÇÃO: Resposta: B 3. The boss wants her __________________ to take some dictation. a) novelist b) secretary c) journalist d) conductor RESOLUÇÃO: Resposta: B 4. That ______________________ sells very good meat. a) baker b) dentist c) writer d) butcher RESOLUÇÃO: Resposta: D 5. I hope the _______________________ can repair our car quickly. a) mechanic b) reporter c) surgeon d) coach RESOLUÇÃO: Resposta: A C1_Ingles_Prof E Lu 16/11/11 09:49 Página 1 III. Word Ladder: Change the top word into the word at the bottom. Use the clues to help you. Each time you change one letter only in the previous word. (American Vocabulary, John Flower and others R I S E 2. Fruit ready to be eaten. R I P E 3. Thick string. R O P E 4. One of the parts in a play, taken by an actor. R O L E 5. Either of the two ends of the earth’s axis. P O L E 6. White in the face. P A L E 7. Put one thing on top of another. P I L E 8. A folder for keeping papers together. F I L E 9. 1,609 meters. M I L E 10. Would you like a _________ shake? M I L K 11. Where flour is made. M I L L 12. Your glass is empty. Can I ______ it up for you? F I L L 13. ________ you come and see me tomorrow? W I L L 14. He built an enormous ________ around his house. W A L L 15. Go on foot. W A L K 16. Speak. T A L K 17. Of more than average height. T A L L F A L L 2 – IN G LÊS E IV. Match the verb on the left with a noun on the right.SET 1 1. ask 1 h a) a bicycle 2. climb 2 f b) a boat 3. drink 3 e c) a car 4. drive 4 c d) a cigarette 5. eat 5 i e) a cup of coffee 6. fly 6 g f) a mountain 7. light 7 d g) a plane 8. ride 8 a h) a question 9. sail 9 b i) a sandwich 10.tell 10 j j) a joke SET 2 1. build 1 d a) a drink 2. comb 2 c b) a game 3. cook 3 g c) the hair 4. pack 4 j d) a house 5. play 5 b e) a letter 6. pour 6 a f) a light 7. sing 7 h g) a meal 8. stick on 8 i h) a song 9. turn on 9 f i) a stamp 10.write 10 e j) a suitcase C1_Ingles_Prof E Lu 16/11/11 09:49 Página 2 – 3 IN G LÊ S E MÓDULO 2 VOCABULARY I. Complete each sentence with the opposite of the word given. asleep1. He was still _______________________ when she came home. (awake) interesting2. This is a very ___________________________ movie. (boring) expensive3. The watches in this store are very ________________________. (cheap) dark4. All her children have __________________________ hair. (fair) empty5. I noticed that this glass was ________________________ again. (full) absent6. Is Carlos ______________________________ today? (present) noisy7. Our neighbors are very __________________________. (quiet) happy8. The news made her very __________________________. (sad) hard9. The butter was too _________________________ to use. (soft) strong10. I don’t like this coffee. It’s too __________________________. (weak) II. Complete each sentence with one of these words to make an expression with the verb MAKE. clear1. I would like to make it ____________________ before we start, there will be no talking during the cerimony. difference2. It really doesn’t make much _______________________ whether you finish today or do it tomorrow. 3. We were stuck in that elevator for three hours but we decided to the mostmake ______________ of the unfortunate situation and tell jokes. tracks4. I’d like to stay, but I really ought to make __________________. sure5. Before we leave let me make _______________ I’ve turned off all the lights. 6. I listened to all the reasons he had for dropping out of college but senseit still doesn’t make any ____________________ to me. wish7. Don’t forget to make a ____________________ before you blow out the candles, dear. a deal8. I’ll make you ____________________ – you give me a ride home and I’ll make you dinner. Sound good? 9. I finished my work in time to come to the party but Karen was itreally busy and couldn’t make ____________. 10. I hope to be making more money next year but right now the endsbusiness is just managing to make _______________ meet. tracks a deal difference it sense the most a wish sure ends clear III. Match the columns. SET 2 1.head 1 i a) banana 2.classical 2 j b) beef 3.curly 3 h c) clothes 4.direct 4 g d) couple 5.fashionable 5 c e) door 6.front 6 e f) beverage 7.married 7 d g) flight 8.non-alcoholic 8 f h) hair 9.ripe 9 a i) office 10.roast 10 b j) music SET 1 1.alphabetical 1 g a) bed 2.chocolate 2 b b) bar 3.cloudy 3 i c) coffee 4.digital 4 j d) hair 5.double 5 a e) knife 6.instant 6 c f) laugh 7.loud 7 f g) order 8.sharp 8 e h) road 9. wavy 9 d i) sky 10.wide 10 h j) watch C1_Ingles_Prof E Lu 16/11/11 09:49 Página 3 4 – IN G LÊS E IV. Change each word to complete the sentence. Example: Be careful when you open the door. (care) comfortable1. This is my favorite chair. It’s so __________________________. (comfort) dangerous2. It’s ______________________________ to drive so fast. (danger) dirty3. I must clean this ______________________________ floor. (dirt) famous4. Elvis Presley was a _____________________ pop singer. (fame) weekly5. We have a __________________ newspaper in this town. (week) powerful6. The President was a very _____________________ man. (power) southern7. I live in the ____________________ part of the country. (south) wooden8. He lives in a ______________________ house by the sea. (wood) painful9. His broken arm is still very ________________________. (pain) national10. How many __________________ holidays do you have? (nation) V. Choose the correct answer: 1. Sherlock Holmes is an important ________________ in detective fiction. a) employer b) character c) manager d) writer RESOLUÇÃO: Resposta: B 2. I can hear my next door _____________ playing his trumpet. a) thief b) customer c) neighbor d) champion RESOLUÇÃO: Resposta: C 3. Every ________________ in this army should know how to use the new gun. a) sailor b) porter c) soldier d) joker RESOLUÇÃO: Resposta: C 4. If she beats her, she’ll be the new tennis ____________________.a) character b) host c) champion d) passenger RESOLUÇÃO: Resposta: C 5. He left his job because his __________________ didn’t pay him enough money. a) employee b) employer c) conductor d) architect RESOLUÇÃO: Resposta: B 6. He hates marriage. He wants to stay a _____________________. a) passenger b) bachelor c) customer d) widower RESOLUÇÃO: Resposta: B 7. A famous ___________________ operated on her. a) surgeon b) coach c) driver d) carpenter RESOLUÇÃO: Resposta: A 8. The _________________ arrested him for stealing the diamonds. a) policy b) electrician c) politician d) policeman RESOLUÇÃO: Resposta: D 9. It’s difficult to be a __________________________ of this club. a) travel agent b) member c) clown d) bachelor RESOLUÇÃO: Resposta: B 10. I hope they find the _______________ who stole my money. a) thief b) orphan c) champion d) contestant RESOLUÇÃO: Resposta: A C1_Ingles_Prof E Lu 16/11/11 09:49 Página 4 RIO FAVELAS CRIME CLAMPDOWN – 5 IN G LÊ S E Brazilian security forces occupied one of the biggest slums in Rio on Sunday. The operation was part of a major clampdown on organised crime ahead of the 2014 World Cup and the 2016 Olympics. Authorities in Rio launched a fresh attack on organised crime by taking over the Mangueira slum close to the city's famous Maracana Stadium. Around 800 police and Special Forces occupied the slum without firing any shots. The vast majority of residents co-operated fully with the authorities; they want their community pacified and free of drug dealers. The police had pre-announced the raid, a strategy that gives criminals the chance to leave the area rather than being confronted in densely populated areas. Rio's authorities are making an effort to win the trust of those living in the slums who after decades of abuse have got used to seeing the police as their enemy. The Mangueira is the 18th slum in Rio to be reclaimed by the authorities. But there is still a lot to be done. With hundreds of slums known as "favelas" still in the hands of organised criminals, drug dealers have vast areas in which to hide and thrive. (BBC News) MÓDULO 3 TEXT Brazilian Navy soldiers patrol in an operation against drug dealers at Mangueira slum in Rio. C1_Ingles_Prof E Lu 16/11/11 09:49 Página 5 VOCABULARY I. Match the columns. Now, write the opposites of smallest1. biggest ≠ ________________________________________ far from2. close to ≠ ________________________________________ minority3. majority ≠ ________________________________________ partially4. fully ≠ ________________________________________ II. Fill in with the missing verb forms. Complete the following sentences with verbs from the list. thrive1. My garden is too dry and shady – not many plants ______________ in those conditions. taken over2. In 1989 the firm was _______________________ by a Paris-based consortium. doing3. Are you ___________________ anything special tomorrow? hidden4. I couldn’t remember where I’d ______________________ the key. saw5. She _______________ a piece of paper lying on the floor, and bent to pick it up. gave6. She _____________________ me the most beautiful smile. III. Match these expressions with their explanations below and translate them. b favela1. slum ( ) __________________________ d repressão2. clampdown ( ) __________________________ a crime organizado3. organized crime ( ) __________________________ c em paz4. pacified ( ) __________________________ a) crime committed by professional criminals working in large groups. b) an area of a city that is very poor and where the houses are in a bad condition. c) brought peace to an area where there had been crime or fighting. d) a sudden action taken in order to stop an illegal activity. IV. a = disparar um tiro Look at the different meanings of fire and shot in the sentences and translate them. 1. The raiders fired the whole town. incendiar* to fire = _______________________________________ 2. Jane fired the gun and hit the target. disparar* to fire = _______________________________________ 3. The police fired at the criminal. atirar* to fire = _______________________________________ 4. If the wood were not so wet, it would catch fire more easily. pegar fogo* to catch fire = ___________________________________ 5. Help! My car is on fire. em chamas* on fire = _______________________________________ 6. If your work does not improve, we will have to fire you. demitir* to fire = ________________________________________ 7. The robber shot his gun into the air. disparar* to shoot (= to fire) = _____________________________ 8. John shot a picture of his friends. tirar* to shoot = ______________________________________ 9. Fortunately, no one was killed during the shooting. tiroteio* shooting = ______________________________________ 1. security 1 e a) aproximadamente 2. biggest 2 h b) maioria 3. close to 3 f c) totalmente 4. around 4 a d) livre 5. home 5 g e) segurança 6. majority 6 b f) próximo a 7. fully 7 c g) lar 8. free 8 d f) maior Infinitive Simple Past Past Participle 1. to take over took over taken over 2. to give gave given 3. to see saw seen 4. to do did done 5. to hide hid hidden 6. to thrive thrived thrived TO FIRE SHOT 6 – IN G LÊS E C1_Ingles_Prof E Lu 16/11/11 09:49 Página 6 10.When I heard the shot, I hid behind a brick wall. disparo, tiro* shot = __________________________________________ 11.Bob is a good shot. He always hits the target. atirador* shot = __________________________________________ 12.Diabetics need shots of insulin to stay alive. injeção* shot = __________________________________________ 13.Paul showed me some shots of his vacation in France. foto* shot = __________________________________________ 14.Jane added a shot of vodka to a glass of orange juice. dose* shot = __________________________________________ V. Turn the title of the text into Portuguese. Repressão ao crime nas favelas do Rio fazer um esforçoVI. ⇒ __________________________ Circle the correct verbs in the following sentences. 1. I couldn’t do / make the homework last night. 2. Did he do / make many mistakes? 3. He is doing / making research in chemistry. 4. I often make / do the housework. 5. They did / made a lot of noise during the party. 6. Well have to do / to make a decision soon. VII. Turn into English. 1. Estou acostumada a caminhar para o trabalho. I’m used to walking to work. 2. Ela costumava trabalhar / trabalhava em uma empresa sueca. She used to work for a Swedish company. 3. Robert acostumou-se a trabalhar até tarde. Robert got used to working till late. VIII. Match the columns. IX. Complete these sentences with the previous vocabulary. Trust1. ________________________ is important in a good relationship. raid2. The police ____________________ resulted in the arrests of five people. 3. The police have called for more resources to help their fight against drug dealers / criminals ____________________________________. still4. It was _____________________ raining when I left the party. rather than5. He likes starting early _________________________ staying late. 6. Foreign tourists who have paid tax on goods they have bought can reclaim _________________________ it when they leave the country. decade7. A _______________________ in a period of ten years, especially from a year ended in 0 to the next one ending in 9. TEXT COMPREHENSION I. Answer in Portuguese. 1. O que aconteceu na favela da Mangueira, segundo o texto? Forças policiais invadiram e ocuparam a favela, como repressão ao crime organizado. TO MAKE AN EFFORT Pay attention! • used to= costumava • be used to = estar acostumada(o) • get used to = acostumar-se a 1. drug dealer 1 c a) recuperar, retomar 2. raid 2 f b) ainda 3. criminal 3 e c) traficante 4. rather than 4 g d) década 5. trust 5 h e) criminoso 6. decade 6 d f) invasão, ataque 7. reclaim 7 a g) em vez de 8. still 8 b f) confiança – 7 IN G LÊ S E C1_Ingles_Prof E Lu 16/11/11 09:49 Página 7 2. Qual foi a reação dos moradores da favela? Por quê? A maioria dos moradores cooperou totalmente com as autoridades, pois eles querem sua comunidade em paz e livre de traficantes. 3. No texto, seu autor nos diz que “there is still a lot to be done”. O que ele quer dizer com essa afirmação? Ele quer dizer que a retomada das favelas no Rio será um trabalho árduo, pois ainda há muitas delas nas mãos do crime organizado nas quais os traficantes conseguem se esconder e prosperar. 8 – IN G LÊS E ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ANOTAÇÕES C1_Ingles_Prof E Lu 16/11/11 09:49 Página 8 – 9 IN G LÊ S E Do you ever get angry at people walking slowly in front of you? If you do, you might be suffering from Intermittent Explosive Disorder (IED). A University of Hawaii professor, Leon James, has studied people’s emotions as they walk along busy streets in New York City. He discovered that many people have “serious problems” when someone walking at a snail’s pace in front of them impedes their progress. Dr James, a psychology professor, called the condition “sidewalk rage”. James is developing a Pedestrian Aggressiveness Syndrome Scale (PASS) to measure the different levels of sidewalk rage. It measures 15 different behaviors that indicate sidewalk rage. These include muttering to yourself, bumping into other pedestrians on purpose, glaring, and walking too closely to other people. Dr James’ research found that tourists are those most likely to cause IED. They are the slowest walkers, at an average of 1.16 metres per second. IED sufferers should easily be able to spot tourists and change course to avoid any chances of getting angry. Next slowest are smokers, cellphone users, and people with bags. These walk between 1.27 and 1.3 metres per second. The fastest walkers, at 1.4 metres per second, are those who listen to music. New York resident Jim Redman said he was shocked when he found out about the research. “That’s me!” he said. “I get sidewalk rage every day. I can’t stand it when people walk so slow in the city. I have no patience with them,” he added. Mr Redman confessed that he also showed signs of IED in his home when his children slow down his journey to the bathroom. (breakingnewsenglish.com) MÓDULO 4 TEXT SIDEWALK RAGE COMMON IN BIG CITIES C1_Ingles_Prof E Lu 16/11/11 09:49 Página 9 10 – IN G LÊS E VOCABULARY I. 1. Sidewalk is a walk for foot passengers at the side of a street = calçada __________________________________________________ 2. Rage is a feeling of intense anger; fury = fúria __________________________________________________ Translate the tittle of the passage. Fúria na calçada é comum em cidades grandes II. Translate the underlined expressions: a) Have you ever been to London? alguma vez, já* ever = ___________________________________________ b) This is the best movie I’ve ever seen. já* ever = ___________________________________________ c) She’s been confident ever since she was a small child. desde que* ever since = _______________________________________ d) We hardly ever go to the movies these days. quase nunca* hardly ever = ______________________________________ e) As ever, the women were expected to do the cooking. como sempre * as ever = __________________________________________ f) I like the house but I don’t think I’ll live there for ever. para sempre * for ever = _________________________________________ III. Match the columns. IV.Write the opposites of mellow1. angry = ___________________________________________ quickly, rapidly, fast2. slowly = __________________________________________ calm3. busy = ___________________________________________ equal4. different = ________________________________________ unlikely5. likely = ___________________________________________ fastest6. slowest = __________________________________________ V. Complete the sentences by using the verbs from the box. listen to1. Did you _______________________ the news this morning? developing2. They are _______________________ a new drug which will cure the illness if it’s caught in the earliest stages. to add3. I’ve nothing further _____________________________. found out4. I _________________________ what was troubling her. to avoid5. We like to leave early _________________________ the rush hour. measures6. This machine _____________________________ your heart beat. VI. Look at the definitions of the following expressions and translate them. a) to mutter = to speak quietly and in a low voice, often in an angry or resmungarirritated tone of voice = _________________________________ b) to bump into someone = to knock or hit someone, sometimes chocar-secom, dar um encontrãohurting them as a result = ________________________________ _______________________________ olhar de modo ferozc) to glare = to stare angrily at someone = ______________________ _______________________________ notard) to spot = to see or notice = _______________________________ não suportare) can’t stand = can’t bear = can’t tolerate = ____________________ _______________________________ EVER 1. angry 1 c a) pesquisa 2. busy 2 h b) média 3. level 3 f c) irritado, com raiva 4. behavior 4 j d) caminho 5. research 5 a e) sinal 6. likely 6 g f) nível 7. average 7 b g) prováveis 8. course 8 d h) movimentadas 9. bag 9 i i) sacola 10.sign 10 e j) comportamento to develop – to measure – to avoid – to listen to – to find out – to add C1_Ingles_Prof E Lu 16/11/11 09:49 Página 10 – 11 IN G LÊ S E Now, fill in the blanks with the expressions previously studied above. glared1. When he stepped on her foot, she ___________________________ angrily at him. can’t stand2. Tell me now! I ______________________________ the suspense. muttered3. She ___________________________ that she never had any time to herself. spotted4. The police ________________________ him driving a stolen car. bumped into5. We ___________________________ him when we were crossing the street. VII. Translate the underlined expressions. 1. If you do something at a snail’s pace you do it extremely slowly. passo de lesma* snail’s pace = ________________________________________ 2. If you do something on purpose, you do it intentionally, not accidentally. de propósito* on purpose = _________________________________________ VIII. Write the Simple Past and Past Participle of showed shownto show ____________________ ____________________ IX. Synonyms Match: Match the following synonyms from the article. X. Translate the following excerpt from the text. “IED sufferers should easily be able to spot tourists and change course to avoid any chances of getting angry. Aqueles que sofrem de IED deveriam ser capazes de identificar os turistas com facilidade e mudar de direção para evitar qualquer chance de se enervarem. TEXT COMPREHENSION I. Write T (True) or F (False). II. Answer in Portuguese. 1. O que significa a sigla PASS? Escala de Síndrome de Agressividade do Pedestre. 2. Mencione três comportamentos que indicam “fúria na calçada”. Opções: * resmungar para si mesmo * chocar-se com outros pedestres de propósito * olhar furiosamente para outros pessoas * caminhar muito próximo a outras pessoas 1. in front of 1 g a) trip 2. discovered 2 j b) obstructs 3. pace 3 e c) see 4. impedes 4 b d) probable 5. glaring 5 i e) speed 6. likely 6 d f) direction 7. spot 7 c g) ahead of 8. course 8 f h) admitted 9. confessed 9 h i) staring 10.journey 10 a j) found a) People are getting angry walking on the streets in T / F big cities. b) A professor said this rarely happens in Hawaii. T / F c) Pedestrians who walk as slow as a snail make other T / F people angry. d) Signs of IED include staring at others. T / F e) People with bags are those with cellphones are the T / F slowest walkers. f) People who listen to music walk faster than those T / F who smoke and walk. g) A New York resident said he got sidewalk rage on a T / F daily basis. h) The resident said he also gets angry with slow T / F walkers in his home. C1_Ingles_Prof E Lu 16/11/11 09:49 Página 11 12 – IN G LÊS E MÓDULO 5 TEXT BILINGUALISM Residents of the European Union (EU) are becoming better and better at languages. Almost 50 percent of the EU population reckon they can speak at least one foreign language very well, with that figure rising to nearly 80 percent for students. To celebrate its linguistic diversity and bilingual, trilingual or multilingual capabilities, a special day is set aside in the EU. September 26 is the European Day of Languages. The day’s website cites a Slovak proverb that says: “The number of languages you speak is the number of times you are human”. This aims to encourage all Europeans to brush up on and advance their language skills. The website predicts that Europe’s young generation “will fully contribute to enriching Europe’s multilingual society”. The results of the “Eurobarometer” survey put Luxembourgers at the top of the language ability list. An amazing 99 percent of the Luxembourgish population is at least bilingual. Those with the poorest language skills are the Hungarians (29 percent) and British (30 percent). The survey also shows that English is the most widely spoken foreign language, used by more than a third of the population. It is followed by German (12 percent), which has for the first time usurped French (11 percent) for the second spot. European enlargement to incorporate former communist countries has elevated Russian to fourth place – tied with Spanish. The EU spends $36 million a year on language programs. (breakingnewsenglish.com) C1_Ingles_Prof E Lu 16/11/11 09:49 Página 12 – 13 IN G LÊ S E VOCABULARY I. Translate the following excerpt from the passage “Residents… are becoming better and better…” Os residentes… estão ficando cada vez melhores …” ________________________________________________________ Now, write in English. 1. Ela está ficando cada vez mais gorda. She is becoming fatter and fatter. 2. O tempo está ficando cada vez pior. The weather is becoming worse and worse. 3. Os atores de novelas estão ficando cada vez mais famosos. Soap opera actors are becoming more and more famous. 4. A vida está ficando cada vez mais cara. Life is becoming more and more expensive. II. Match the columns. III. Translate the different meanings of figure in the following sentences. a) The page was covered with triangles, squares and other geometrical figures. figura* figure = _____________________________________ b) There were two figures in the shadow. vulto* figure = __________________________________ c) He has an attractive six-figure salary. algarismo, dígito* figure = __________________________________ d) John is very good at figures. matemática* figures = __________________________________ IV.Complete the following sentences with verbs from the chart: spend1. How much did you __________________________ on that dress? predict2. I _________________________ that they will be divorced within two years. rose3. The number of people unemployed ______________________ by over 10,000 last month. cited4. He ______________________ a passage from the Bible to support his argument. enriched5. Our culture has been ________________________ by immigrants from many other countries. to advance6. He’s just trying ____________________________ his own career. V. Write the Simple Past and Past Participle of: VI. Combine the following verbs with their meanings below. E1. to reckon ( ) B2. to set aside ( ) F3. to aim ( ) D4. to brush up on ( ) A5. to usurp ( ) C6. to tie ( ) 1. at least 1 e a) pesquisa 2. foreign 2 b b) estrangeira 3. skill 3 g c) lugar, posição 4. fully 4 f d) amplamente 5. survey 5 a e) pelo menos 6. widely 6 d f) totalmente, completamente 7. spot 7 c g) habilidade, perícia 8. enlargement 8 h h) ampliação, aumento FIGURE to rise – to cite – to advance to predict – to enrich – to spend Infinitive Simple Past Past Participle 1. to become became become 2. to speak spoke spoken 3. to rise rose risen 4. to set set set 5. to say said said 6. to put put put 7. to show showed shown 8. to spend spent spent C1_Ingles_Prof E Lu 16/11/11 09:50 Página 13 a) to take the place of b) to reserve c) to score the same number of points d) to improve your knowledgeof something e) to believe, to think, to suppose f) to intend; to plan or hope to achieve Now, complete the sentences. tied1. Both teams ____________________________ on points and goal difference. reckon2. I _______________________ she earned a lot of money with her new novel. aim3. I _____________________ to be a millionaire by the time I’m 40. usurped4. The powers of local governors are being ____________________ by central government. sets aside5. He always _______________ some time _______________ every day to read to his children. to brush up on6. I’ll try _____________________________ my French vocabulary before going to Paris. VII. Match the words and/or expressions in column A with their synonyms in column B. TEXT COMPREHENSION 1. True (T) or False (F)? * “língua franca” = um meio de comunicação entre pessoas de diferentes línguas. Answer in Portuguese. 2. Cite as línguas mais faladas no mundo, de acordo com o texto (em ordem decrescente). Inglês, alemão, francês, russo e espanhol. 3. A que se refere 36 milhões de dólares anuais? Ao gasto europeu em programas de aprendizado de línguas. A B 1. almost 1 f a) abilities 2. figure 2 g b) surprising 3. skills 3 a c) position 4. survey 4 e d) ex 5. amazing 5 b e) research 6. spot 6 c f) nearly 7. former 7 d g) number a) Europeans are becoming increasingly better at other T F languages. b) Eighty percent of European students are bilingual. T F c) September 26 is the official European Day For the T F English Language. d) A European proverb says you are not human unless T F you are bilingual. e) Ninety-nine percent of Luxembourgers are at least T F bilingual. f) Britons are amongst the top of bilingual speakers. T F g) French is the lingua franca among Europeans. T F h) Russian has lost ground on other European languages. T F 14 – IN G LÊS E C1_Ingles_Prof E Lu 16/11/11 09:50 Página 14 – 15 IN G LÊ S E Simple Present Tense Usos: • ações habituais com advérbios, tais como: always, often, frequently, seldom, rarely, usually, sometimes, never e com certas expressões, tais como on Mondays (Sundays etc.), once a day, (week, month etc.), everyday (week, month etc.), as a rule, now and then. Exemplos: They visit their grandparents. � She drinks tea. � • após expressões de tempo (till, until, before, after, as soon as, as long as, when, by the time, whenever, while). Exemplos: I’ll be here he arrives. � Wait here the rain stops. � • após in case Exemplo: Take your coat with you it gets cold. � OBSERVAÇÕES Todos os verbos, exceto os modais (anômalos), recebem o acréscimo de –s nas suas formas de 3.as pessoas do singular. Exemplos: John likeS pop music. My neighbor singS very badly. Os verbos terminados em –ss, –ch, –sh, –o, –x e –z recebem o acréscimo de –es e não apenas –s. Exemplos: miss → missES teach → teachES brush → brushES do → doES fix → fixES buzz → buzzES Os verbos terminados em –y perdem o –y e recebem o acréscimo de –ies quando o –y aparecer depois de uma consoante. Caso contrário, recebem apenas –s. Exemplos: defy → defIES obey → obeyS fly → flIES say → sayS ATENÇÃO • each, every, everybody, everyone, somebody, someone, nobody, no one, anybody, anyone, something, much e little são considerados 3.as pessoas do singular. Exemplos: loves John. � understands Jane. � • many, few, several e alguns coletivos são conside - rados 3.as pessoas do plural. Exemplos: don’t believe her. � are lowing in the barn. � Infinitive (– to) I work you work he, she, it works we work you work they work rarely often as soon as till in case 1 2 3 Everybody Nobody Many The cattle MÓDULO 6 GRAMMAR – PRESENT TENSES C1_Ingles_Prof E Lu 16/11/11 09:50 Página 15 Present Continuous Tense Usos: • ações ou acontecimentos ocorrendo no momento da fala com as expressões now, at present, at this moment, right now e outras. Exemplos: Why is Jennifer crying ? It is raining . • ações temporárias Exemplos: I’m sleeping on a sofa because my bed is broken. Tom isn’t playing soccer . He wants to concentrate on his studies. • futuro próximo Exemplos: The bus is leaving . Ann is coming . OBSERVAÇÕES Alguns verbos não são normalmente usados nos tempos contínuos. Devemos usá-los, preferencialmente, nas formas simples: see, hear, smell, notice, realize, want, wish, recognize, refuse, understand, know, like, love, hate, forget, belong, seem, suppose, appear, have (= ter, possuir), think (= acreditar). Exemplos: He what the teacher is saying. you some steps coming from the kitchen? Verbos monossilábicos terminados em uma só con soante, precedida de uma só vogal, dobram a consoante final antes do acréscimo de –ing. Exemplos: run → running swim → swimming Verbos dissilábicos terminados em uma só consoante, precedida de uma só vo gal, dobram a consoante final somente se o acento tônico incidir na segunda sílaba. Exemplos: prefer → preferring admit → admitting listen → listening enter → entering Verbos terminados em –e perdem o –e antes do acrés cimo de –ing, mas os terminados em –ee apenas acres centam – ing. Exemplos: make → making dance → dancing agree → agreeing flee → fleeing Verbos terminados em –y recebem –ing, sem perder o –y. Exemplos: study → studying say → saying Verbos terminados em –ie, quando do acréscimo de –ing, perdem o –ie e recebem –ying. Exemplos: lie → lying die → dying Porém, os terminados em –ye não sofrem alterações. dye → dyeing now at present these days this season at 10 P.M. tomorrow 1 doesn’t understand Do hear 2 3 4 5 6 Simple Present do verbo BE + –ing I am you are he, she, it is } workingwe areyou are they are 16 – IN G LÊS E C1_Ingles_Prof E Lu 16/11/11 09:50 Página 16 – 17 IN G LÊ S E I. Choose the correct form. 1. (It’s snowing / It snows) quite often in Chicago during the winter. ________ 2. (I’m going / I go) to bed now. Good night. _________ 3. Normally, (I’m going / I go) to bed at around 11.00 every night. ____ 4. Where’s Jane? (She’s cooking. / She cooks) the dinner. _____________ 5. The sea (is covering / covers) two thirds of the world. ______ 6. Jane has got an exam soon, so (she’s studying / she studies) very _____________ hard at the moment. 7. Don’t forget your umbrella when you go out. (It’s raining / It rains) _________ outside. 8. That machine (isn’t working. / doesn’t work.) It broke down ____________ yesterday. 9. Listen to those people. Which language (are they speaking? / do _________________ they speak?) 10. Jim and Kelly are in London on holiday. They (are staying / stay) __________ at a small hotel near Oxford Street. II. In this exercise you have to decide whether the verbs in the sentences are right or wrong. Correct those which are wrong. Examples: I don’t know your telephone number. RIGHT Please don’t make so much noise. I work. WRONG – am working. 1. Are you believing in ghosts? wrong – Do you believe 2. Look! That man tries to open the door of your car. wrong – is trying 3. How many languages is Cindy speaking? wrong – does Cindy speak 4. She is staying with her sister at the moment. right 5. Water is boiling at 100 degrees Celsius. wrong – boils 6. The moon goes round the earth. right 7. The government is worried because the unemployment rate increases. wrong – is increasing 8. What are you thinking Tom will do in the future? wrong – do you think 9. Hurry! The bus is coming. right 10. The River Nile flow into the Mediterranean. wrong – flows III. Complete the following sentenceswith the correct form (Simple Present or Present Continuous). arrives1. Don’t leave before the mailman ____________________. (arrive) am learning2. “Can you drive?” “No, but I _______________________ (learn). is teachingMy father ____________________________ me.” (teach) are going3. We ________________________ (go) to the theater this evening. Does the film begin __________________________ (the film / begin) at 3:00 or 4:00? is flowing4. The river __________________________ (flow) very fast today – much faster than usual. rings5. The students leave the room as soon as the bell ___________(ring). arrives6. I’ll wait outside till everybody ____________________________. think7. Whenever I ________________________ (think) about it I blush. 8. Peter has gone to work in Holland. When he arrived, his Dutch is improvingwasn’t very good but now it _____________________ (improve). plays9. In summer Tom usually ____________ (play) tennis twice a week. comes10. I’m going to wait here until Jessica _________________ (come). am11. I’ll send you a postcard when I ______________ (be) on holiday. come12. Please don’t touch anything before the police __________ (come). C1_Ingles_Prof E Lu 16/11/11 09:50 Página 17 18 – IN G LÊS E FUVEST The role of women in Spanish society has changed fast since the country became a democracy after General Franco died in 1975. He had swept away liberal reforms introduced in the 1930s, when Spain was a republic. For women specifically, these included a benevolent divorce law and certain property rights. In the 1930s many women played a big part on the left, often fighting side by side with men in the pro-Republic militias during the 1936- 39 civil war. But after it the new regime, for the most part applauded by the church, put them back in the home as wives and mothers, with divorce forbidden and working outside frowned on. Change began in the 1960s when Spain opened up to tourists. Faced with competition from sexually liberated north Europeans, Spanish women “declared war on them, on men and on their elders”, in the words of Lucia Graves, author of “A Woman Unknown”, which recounts her life as an Englishwoman married to a Spaniard at the time. That aggressive self-assertion continues. Not wholly successfully. At universities, women students now outnumber men. A typical couple has one or two children these days, a far cry from the days when families of eight or ten were common. But Spanish women still face the problems of their sisters in northern Europe. Their progress at work is often blocked, their pay often lower than men’s. The Economist 1. According to the passage, since 1975 a) the role of left-wing Spanish women has changed quite fast. b) the new regime has faced problems when bringing about changes in the role of Spanish women. c) there have been changes in the role of Spanish women. d) Spanish women have played an important part in the government’s adoption of reformist policies. e) many Spanish women have assumed the role of social reformers. 2. The passage states that a) most of the liberal reforms introduced in the 1930s were approved by the church. b) liberal reforms introduced when Spain was a republic were abolished under Franco’s regime. c) many Spanish women fought in the pro-Republic militias in the early 1930s. d) all liberal reforms introduced when Spain was a republic benefited women. e) Spanish women obtained a benevolent divorce law and certain property rights after Franco died. 3. The passage tells us that after the civil war a) divorced women were not allowed to work outside. b) the church prohibited wives and mothers from working outside. c) most women continued to fight for liberal reforms. d) many women were unwilling to work outside. e) Spain was under a regime that no longer allowed divorce. 4. Which of these statements is true according to the passage? a) Although tourists helped Spain to develop in the 1960s, Spanish women declared war on them. b) Spanish women rebelled against north European tourists who married Spaniards in the nineteen sixties. c) Tourists started visiting Spain in the nineteen sixties, after the country underwent changes. d) For Spanish women, the arrival of sexually liberated north Europeans in the 1960s was most unwelcome. e) In the 1960s, sexually liberated Spanish women had to compete with their north European counterparts. 5. The passage tells us that Lucia Graves a) portrays what her own life was like in the nineteen sixties in “A Woman Unknown”. b) wrote a book about the problems she faced after marrying a Spaniard. c) depicts the war declared by Spanish women before Spain opened up to tourists in her book. d) recounts the life of Spanish women after the civil war in “A Woman Unknown”. e) was a very aggressive English writer married to a Spaniard. 6. Which of the following statements does NOT reflect the situation in Spain now, according to the passage? a) A family of eight is quite unusual. b) Female workers are seldom paid higher wages than male ones. c) Despite their gains, Spanish women have not achieved total success. d) There are roughly equal numbers of male and female students at universities. e) Spanish women are quite self-assertive. C1_Ingles_Prof E Lu 16/11/11 09:50 Página 18 – 19 IN G LÊ S E 7. Which of the following statements is incorrect? a) The transition countries report an estimated one million HIV/AIDS cases. b) One fourth of infections reported between 1997 and 2000 in Commonwealth of Independent States were among women. c) Injecting drug users are one of the reasons for HIV/AIDS transmission. d) In Commonwealth of Independent States countries heterosexuals are the cause of all officially registered infections. e) More than one in every 1000 people in Estonia are infected with HIV/AIDS. 8. Which of the following is not stated as a reason for HIV/AIDS infection in Eastern Europe and Commonwealth of Independent States? a) A growing number of sex workers. b) Heterosexual contact with injecting drug users. c) Insufficiently effective public intervention. d) A low awareness of the need to use condoms. e) The growing number of poor people in the region. 9. According to the information in the article, a) nine out of ten HIV/AIDS cases in the transition countries are in Russia and Ukraine. b) in 2001 there were 700,000 HIV/AIDS cases in the transition countries. c) of every 1000 people infected with HIV/AIDS in 2001, one is from Estonia. d) twenty times more people are infected with HIV/AIDS in the European Union than in Estonia. e) one quarter of all women infected with HIV/AIDS between 1997 and 2000 were heterosexuals. 10. "20 times" in paragraph 4 refers to: a) the average number of times European citizens must be exposed to HIV before they become infected. b) the rate of HIV infection in the European Union, which is twenty times that of Estonia. c) the fact that if one out of every 1000 people are infected with HIV in Estonia, then twenty out of every 1000 are infected in the European Union. d) the rate of new HIV infections in Estonia compared to that of the European Union. e) the number of HIV infections per 1000 people in Europe, especially Italy. 11. Which of these areas has been least affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic in recent years? a) The Ukraine. b) The Commonwealth of Independent States. c) The European Union. d) Eastern Europe. e) Estonia. FGV AIDS Spreading in CIS ‘Virtually Unchecked’ 1. GENEVA (Reuters) – The HIV/AIDS epidemic has exploded in Eastern Europe and Commonwealth of Independent States, posing the greatest health threat to youth in the region, the United Nations said on Wednesday. In a report, the U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) warnedthat the killer disease was spreading "virtually unchecked" into the wider population through heterosexual contact with injecting drug users. 2. Russia and Ukraine account for nine-tenths of the estimated one million HIV/AIDS cases in the 27 transition countries, according to UNICEF's Social Monitor 2002. The figure, through 2001, compares to 700,000 a year earlier and 420,000 in 1998. 3. "HIV is spreading at a faster rate in some countries in the region than in any other part of the world," UNICEF said. "The HIV epidemic is the biggest threat to young people's health in the region...There is also little evidence that public interventions to halt the spread of HIV in the hardest hit countries have been sufficiently effective." 4. Estonia has the region's highest rate of new HIV infections, with more than one in every 1,000 people infected in 2001 – almost 20 times the average rate in the European Union, according to the report produced by UNICEF's Innocenti Research Center in Florence, Italy. 5. In the CIS countries, a quarter of all officially registered infections between 1997 and 2000 were among women, suggesting increasing heterosexual transmission, it said. But awareness of the need to use condoms to prevent transmission remains poor in the region, where both the number of sex workers and injecting drug users is growing, it said. C1_Ingles_Prof E Lu 16/11/11 09:50 Página 19 20 – IN G LÊS E 1) Resposta: C 2) Resposta: B 3) Resposta: E 4) Resposta: D 5) Resposta: A 6) Resposta: D 7) Resposta: D 8) Resposta: E 9) Resposta: A 10) Resposta: D 11) Resposta: C 12) Resposta: E 13) Resposta: D 14) Resposta: C VUNESP Leia o texto a seguir e responda às questões de 12 a 14. ˇ Everyone’s an Expert Bored with the usual encyclopedias? Then start writing your own Putting information into the hands of the people was among the original, lofty aims of the Internet – easy to forget amid the forests of e-boutiques and subscription – only sites. But an online encyclopedia – where all entries are written, maintained and vetted by Web surfers themselves – is trying to recapture those early democratic ideals. Called Wikipedia.org (wiki means “superfast” in Hawaiian and is also the name of the collaborative software upon which the site is built), the encyclopedia features more than 700,000 hypertexted articles on everything from “Anthrax (band)” to “Zeppelin.” That’s more listings than Britannica.com, Encarta.com and Encyclopedia.com combined. “My dream has been to put a free comprehensive encyclopedia at everybody’s fingertips,” says 37-year-old founder Jimmy Wales, who spends up to 12 unpaid hours a day maintaining the site. “It’s my obsession.” It has also become the obsession of thousands of others who contribute entries and programming time for free. The concept is as simple as it is ambitious: anybody can create or edit the articles, and the system relies on masses of users to catch mistakes and thus ensure the information is correct, comprehensive and up-to-date. (Time) 12. Segundo o texto, a) “Wiki” é o nome de um dos criadores e cola bo ra dores do site. b) o controle de qualidade das enciclopédias virtuais é feito pelas provedoras. c) a enciclopédia “Wikipedia.org” está equiparada às enciclopédias “Britannia.com” e “Encarta.com”. d) Jimmy Wales publicou um artigo interessante so bre o pó químico “Anthrax”. e) o sonho de Jimmy Wales era lançar uma en ci clo pédia gratuita e abrangente ao alcance de todos. 13. De acordo com o texto, Jimmy Wales gasta diaria men te, com a manutenção do site, a) até 12 horas bem remuneradas. b) mais de 12 horas bem remuneradas. c) mais de 12 horas mal remuneradas. d) até 12 horas não remuneradas. e) mais de 12 horas não remuneradas. 14. Assinale a alternativa que apresenta três preposições empregadas no texto. a) from – to – which b) at – also – for c) among – amid – upon d) up – and – for e) into – an – also C1_Ingles_Prof E Lu 16/11/11 09:50 Página 20
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