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1.INTRODUCTION
Of all the verbal tenses in English, the present perfect is by far the one that manages to make many people crazy. After all, it is a verbal time with very different uses when compared to Portuguese. We use the Present Perfect to say that an action happened in an undetermined time before, but not finalized; the action itself is past but the time factor is not. 
The timing is not important.the group will seek in a clear and precise way to explain the forms and use of the perfect gift, where we try to make use the affirmative, interrogative and negative forms.
For the elaboration of the work received if the bibliographical consultation and the internet.
2.PRESENT PERFECT
2.1 DEFINITION 
Second the english gramatica (2006) The present perfect is used to indicate a link between the present and the past. The time of the action is before now but not specified, and we are often more interested in the result than in the action itself.
Second the Deise P. Dutra et al (2004) The present perfect tense refers to an action or state that either occurred at an indefinite time in the past (e.g., we have talked before) or began in the past and continued to the present time (e.g., he has grown impatient over the last hour). This tense is formed by have/has + the past participle.
The construction of this verb tense is straightforward. The first element is have or has, depending on the subject the verb is conjugated with. The second element is the past participle of the verb, which is usually formed by adding -ed or -d to the verb’s root (e.g., walked, cleaned, typed, perambulated, jumped, laughed, sautéed) although English does have quite a few verbs that have irregular past participles (e.g., done, said, gone, known, won, thought, felt, eaten).
These examples show how the present perfect can describe something that occurred or was the state of things at an unspecified time in the past.
2.1.2 THE PRESENT PERFECT IS USED TO DESCRIBE
An action or situation that started in the past and continues in the present. I have lived in Bristol since 1984 (= and I still do.)
An action performed during a period that has not yet finished. She has been to the cinema twice this week (= and the week isn't over yet.)
A repeated action in an unspecified period between the past and now. We have visited Portugal several times.
An action that was completed in the very recent past, expressed by 'just'. I have just finished my work. An action when the time is not important. He has read 'War and Peace'. (= the result of his reading is important)
Note: When we want to give or ask details about when, where, who, we use the simple past. Read more about choosing between the present perfect and the simple past tenses.
2.1.3 ACTIONS STARTED IN THE PAST AND CONTINUING IN THE PRESENT
They haven't lived here for years.
She has worked in the bank for five years.
We have had the same car for ten years.
Have you played the piano since you were a child?
2.1.4 WHEN THE TIME PERIOD REFERRED TO HAS NOT FINISHED
I have worked hard this week.
It has rained a lot this year.
We haven't seen her today.
2.1.5 ACTIONS REPEATED IN AN UNSPECIFIED PERIOD BETWEEN THE PAST AND NOW.
They have seen that film six times
It has happened several times already.
She has visited them frequently.
We have eaten at that restaurant many times.
Actions completed in the very recent past (+just)
Have you just finished work?
I have just eaten.
We have just seen her.
Has he just left?
2.1. 6 THE PRECISE TIME OF THE ACTION IS NOT IMPORTANT OR NOT KNOWN
Someone has eaten my soup!
Have you seen 'Gone with the Wind'?
She's studied Japanese, Russian, and English.
Read more about using the present perfect with the words "ever", "never", "already", and "yet", and about using the present perfect with the words "for" and "since".
3. FORM AND USES THE PRESENT PERFECT
The present perfect of any verb is composed of two elements : the appropriate form of the auxiliary verb to have (present tense), plus the past participle of the main verb. 
The past participle of a regular verb is base+ed, e.g. played, arrived, looked. For irregular verbs, see the Table of irregular verbs in the section called 'Verbs'.
The Present Perfect Simple is formed by the auxiliary verb to have (have / has) conjugated in the simple present + past participle (past participle) of the main verb.
3.1 FORM AFFIRMATIVE
For the construction of affirmative sentences in present perfect simple, the following structure is used: Subject + auxiliary verb to have no simple present + main verb no past participle + complement.
Example: My parents have been to Portugal three times. (My parents have been in Portugal three times)
Note: You can find the verb to have in the contracted form:
 Affirmative sentences in the Present Perfect – regular verbs
I have
You have (You've)
He / She / It's (He's / She's / It's)
We have (We've)
You have (You've)
They have (They've)
Example:
I have opened the door.
You have opened the door.
He has opened the door.
She has opened the door.
It has opened the door.
We have opened the door.
You have opened the door.
They have opened the door.
Affirmative sentences in the Present Perfect – irregular verbs
Example:
I have gone home.
You have gone home.
He has gone home.
She has gone home.
It has gone home.
We have gone home.
You have gone home.
They have gone home.
	Have 
	Subject 
	Past Participle
	Rest of the Sentence
	 
	have 
	studied 
	for the exam.
	You 
	have 
	bought 
	a new computer.
	He 
	has 
	eaten 
	my chocolate.
	She 
	has 
	written 
	an e-mail.
	It 
	has 
	been 
	cold this month.
	We 
	have 
	won 
	the championship.
	You 
	have 
	tried 
	to learn a lot.
NB:Affirmative: Subject + Have / Has + Past Participle
3.2 NEGATIVE FORM
Negative phrases in present perfect simple include the "not" after the auxiliary verb, being structured as follows: Subject + auxiliary verb to have no simple present + not + main verb no past participle + complement.
Example: My parents have not been to Portugal three times. (My parents have not been to Portugal three times) Obs: In the negative form there is also the contraction of the verb to have com o not: 
Negative sentences in the Present Perfect – regular verbs
I have not
You have not
He / She / It has not (He / She / It has not)
We have not (We have not)
You have not
They have not (They have not)
Example:
I have not opened the door.
You have not opened the door.
He has not opened the door.
She has not opened the door.
It has not opened the door.
We have not opened the door.
You have not opened the door.
They have not opened the door.
Negative sentences in the Present Perfect – irregular verbs
Example:
I have not gone home.
You have not gone home.
He has not gone home.
She has not gone home.
It has not gone home.
We have not gone home.
You have not gone home.
They have not gone home
	Have 
	Subject 
	Past Participle
	Rest of the Sentence
	I 
	haven't 
	studied 
	for the exam.
	You 
	haven't 
	bought 
	a new computer.
	He 
	hasn't 
	eaten 
	my chocolate.
	She 
	hasn't 
	written 
	an e-mail.
	It 
	hasn't 
	been 
	cold this month.
	We 
	haven't 
	won 
	the championship.
	You 
	haven't 
	tried 
	to learn a lot.
	They 
	haven't 
	forgotten 
	my birthday. 
NB :Negative: Subject + Haven't / Hasn't + Past Participle
3.3 INTERROGATIVE FORM
To ask questions in present perfect simple, it is necessary to invert the order of the auxiliary verb in the sentence. That is, it appears before the subject. Its shape is given by the following structure: Auxiliary verb to have in simple present + subject + main verb in past participle + complement.
Example: Have my parents been to Portugal three times? Has my parents been in Portugal three times?
	Have 
	Subject 
	Past Participle
	Rest of the Sentence
	HaveI 
	been 
	chosen for the team?
	Have 
	you 
	bought 
	a new car?
	Has 
	he 
	eaten 
	my sandwich?
	Has 
	she 
	written 
	the letter?
	Has 
	it 
	started 
	on time?
	Have 
	we 
	won 
	a trophy?
	Have 
	you 
	kept 
	my secret?
	Have 
	they 
	driven 
	there? 
NB: Interrogative : Have / Has + Subject + Past Participle
3.4 TO WALK, PRESENT PERFECT 
	Affirmative
	Negative
	Interrogative
	have walked 
	I haven't walked 
	 Have I walked?
	You have walked 
	You haven't walked. 
	 Have you walked
	He, she, it has walked 
	He, she, hasn't walked 
	 he, she, it walked?
	We have walked
	We haven't walked
	 we walked?
	You have walked
	You haven't walked 
	 Have you walked?
	They have walked
	They haven't walked 
	 Have they walked?
5. CONCLUSION
The group concluded that The present perfect is a grammatical combination of the present tense and perfect aspect that is used to express a past event that has present consequences. The term is used particularly in the context of English grammar to refer to forms like "I have left".
The forms are present because they use the present tense of the auxiliary verb have, and perfect because they use that auxiliary in combination with the past participle of the main verb. (Other perfect constructions also exist, such as the past perfect: "I had eaten.")
Analogous forms are found in some other languages, and they may also be described as present perfect; they often have other names such as the German Perfekt, the French passé composé and the Italian passato prossimo. They may also have different ranges of usage: in all three of the languages just mentioned, the forms in question serve as a general past tense, at least for completed actions.
In English, completed actions in many contexts are referred to using the simple past verb form rather than the present perfect.
6. BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES 
Gramatica e o vocabulário no ensino de inglés : novas . G745 perspectivas f Deise P. Dutra, Heliana Mello. (organizadoras). - Belo Horizonte : Faculdade de. Letras da UFMG, POSLIN, 2004. 168 p. : il. - (Estudos lingüisticos; 7). ISBN: 85-8747O-56-6. 1. Lingua inglesa — Gramática — Estudo e ensino
https://www.todamateria.com.br/present-perfect-simple/
A Practical English Grammar, A.J.Thamson and A.V.Martinet 2001, ISBN 0194313476 P 166.
https://pt.scribd.com/document/113138352/Gramatica-Ingles