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Page 1
Table of Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................51
Important Documentation Notes – ESP8266 and ESP32...........................................................52
Overview....................................................................................................................................52
The ESP32............................................................................................................................53
The ESP32 specification.......................................................................................................54
Modules.................................................................................................................................55
ESP-WROOM-32..............................................................................................................55
ESP32-DevKitC................................................................................................................56
ESP-WROVER-KIT..........................................................................................................58
The SparkFun ESP32 thing..............................................................................................63
Connecting to the ESP32...........................................................................................................64
Assembling circuits....................................................................................................................65
USB to UART converters.......................................................................................................66
Breadboards..........................................................................................................................67
Power....................................................................................................................................68
Multi-meter / Logic probe / Logic Analyzer.............................................................................69
Sundry components..............................................................................................................69
Physical construction.............................................................................................................69
Configuration for flashing the device.....................................................................................70
Programming for ESP32............................................................................................................71
Espressif IoT Development framework..................................................................................71
Application entry point......................................................................................................74
How ESP-IDF works.........................................................................................................75
Error handling...................................................................................................................78
The build environment menu configuration.......................................................................78
Adding a custom ESP-IDF component.............................................................................85
Working with memory.......................................................................................................88
Compiling..............................................................................................................................89
Compilation.......................................................................................................................90
Flashing............................................................................................................................92
Loading a program............................................................................................................94
Programming environments..............................................................................................96
Compilation tools..............................................................................................................96
xntensa-esp32-elf-ar....................................................................................................97
esptool.py.....................................................................................................................98
xtensa-esp32-elf-gcc..................................................................................................100
gen_appbin.py............................................................................................................101
make..........................................................................................................................102
xtensa-esp32-elf-strip.................................................................................................102
xtensa-esp32-elf-nm...................................................................................................102
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xtensa-esp32-elf-objcopy...........................................................................................103
xtensa-esp32-elf-objdump..........................................................................................103
xxd.............................................................................................................................103
Linking.................................................................................................................................104
Sizes of images..............................................................................................................107
Debugging...........................................................................................................................108
ESP-IDF logging.............................................................................................................108
Exception handling..........................................................................................................111
Address to source line.....................................................................................................112
Core dump processing....................................................................................................112
Using a debugger (GDB).................................................................................................118
OpenOCD and JTAG......................................................................................................119
Using the ESP-WROVER-KIT for JTAG.....................................................................121
Dumping IP Addresses...................................................................................................121
Debugging and testing TCP and UDP connections.........................................................122
Android – Socket Protocol..........................................................................................122
Android – UDP Sender/Receiver................................................................................122
Windows – Hercules...................................................................................................122
SocketTest..................................................................................................................122
Linux – netcat (nc)......................................................................................................122
Curl............................................................................................................................123
Eclipse – TCP/MON...................................................................................................123
httpbin.org..................................................................................................................126RequestBin.................................................................................................................126
tcpdump.....................................................................................................................126
ESP-IDF component debugging.....................................................................................126
LWIP..........................................................................................................................126
Run a Blinky....................................................................................................................126
WiFi subsystem........................................................................................................................127
WiFi Theory.........................................................................................................................127
Initializing the WiFi environment..........................................................................................129
Setting the operation mode.................................................................................................129
Scanning for access points..................................................................................................130
Handling WiFi events..........................................................................................................133
Station configuration............................................................................................................139
Starting up the WiFi environment........................................................................................140
Connecting to an access point............................................................................................140
Being an access point.........................................................................................................143
Working with connected stations.........................................................................................147
WiFi at boot time.................................................................................................................147
The DHCP client..................................................................................................................148
The DHCP server................................................................................................................149
Page 3
Current IP Address, netmask and gateway..........................................................................149
WiFi Protected Setup – WPS..............................................................................................150
Designs for bootstrapping WiFi...........................................................................................150
Working with TCP/IP................................................................................................................151
The Lightweight IP Stack – lwip...........................................................................................152
TCP.....................................................................................................................................153
TCP/IP Sockets...................................................................................................................154
Handling errors...............................................................................................................158
Configuration settings.....................................................................................................161
Using select()..................................................................................................................162
Differences from "standard" sockets...............................................................................163
UDP/IP Sockets...................................................................................................................163
TLS, SSL and security.........................................................................................................164
Keys files........................................................................................................................167
PEM files....................................................................................................................167
mbedTLS client app structure.........................................................................................167
mbedTLS client example................................................................................................170
mbedTLS server app structure.......................................................................................172
mbedTLS Debugging......................................................................................................173
OpenSSL........................................................................................................................174
RSA encryption/decryption..............................................................................................174
Name Service......................................................................................................................175
Multicast Domain Name Systems........................................................................................176
mDNS API programming.................................................................................................177
Installing Bonjour............................................................................................................177
Avahi...............................................................................................................................180
Working with SNTP.............................................................................................................182
Java Sockets.......................................................................................................................183
Bluetooth..................................................................................................................................186
Bluetooth specification........................................................................................................187
Bluetooth UUIDs.............................................................................................................189
Bluetooth GAP................................................................................................................190
Low level packet.........................................................................................................191
GAP Advertizing data.................................................................................................191
Advertisability – limited and general...........................................................................195
Directed advertising....................................................................................................195
Non-connectable advertising......................................................................................195
Filtering devices.........................................................................................................195
Performing a scan......................................................................................................196
Performing advertising...............................................................................................199
Bluetooth GATT..............................................................................................................200
GATT Characteristic...................................................................................................202
Being a GATT client...................................................................................................203
Being a GATT Server.................................................................................................205Page 4
Notifications and indications.......................................................................................205
GATT XML descriptions..............................................................................................206
Service Discovery Protocol.............................................................................................206
ESP32 and Bluetooth..........................................................................................................207
GATT Server – Read request..........................................................................................208
Debugging ESP32 Bluetooth..........................................................................................209
Bluetooth C Programming in Linux......................................................................................209
hci_get_route..................................................................................................................209
hci_open_dev.................................................................................................................209
hci_inquiry......................................................................................................................210
hci_read_remote_name..................................................................................................211
str2ba..............................................................................................................................211
ba2str..............................................................................................................................211
Bluetooth programming in Node.js......................................................................................212
Using Noble....................................................................................................................212
Using Bleno....................................................................................................................217
Bluetooth Audio...................................................................................................................218
Bluetooth RFCOMM............................................................................................................219
Bluetooth tools.....................................................................................................................221
l2ping..............................................................................................................................221
rfcomm............................................................................................................................221
bluetoothctl.....................................................................................................................222
hciconfig.........................................................................................................................223
hcidump..........................................................................................................................224
hcitool.............................................................................................................................224
gatttool............................................................................................................................225
Bluetooth examples.............................................................................................................226
The iTag peripheral.........................................................................................................226
Smart Watch / The TW64 Band......................................................................................228
Web Bluetooth.....................................................................................................................230
The Physical Web...............................................................................................................237
BLE beacons.......................................................................................................................237
Hardware interfacing................................................................................................................237
GPIOs.................................................................................................................................238
Pull up and pull down settings........................................................................................240
GPIO Interrupt handling..................................................................................................240
Expanding the number of available GPIOs.....................................................................244
PCF8574....................................................................................................................244
PCF8575....................................................................................................................248
MCP23017.................................................................................................................249
Interrupt Service Routines – ISRs.......................................................................................254
Working with I2C.................................................................................................................256
Page 5
Using the ESP-IDF I2C driver.........................................................................................258
Common I2C devices......................................................................................................261
Working with SPI – Serial Peripheral Interface....................................................................261
Using the ESP-IDF SPI driver.........................................................................................264
The Arduino Hardware Abstraction Layer SPI.................................................................267
Common SPI devices.....................................................................................................269
Working with UART/serial....................................................................................................270
Using the VFS component with serial.............................................................................273
I2S Bus................................................................................................................................273
I2S – Camera..................................................................................................................274
I2S – LCD.......................................................................................................................274
I2S – DMA......................................................................................................................274
RMT – The Remote Peripheral............................................................................................279
Timers and time...................................................................................................................285
LEDC – Pulse Width Modulation – PWM.............................................................................288
Automated PWM fading..................................................................................................292
Analog to digital conversion.................................................................................................293
Digital to analog conversion................................................................................................296
Sleep modes.......................................................................................................................297
Security...............................................................................................................................298Working with flash memory.................................................................................................298
Working with RAM memory.................................................................................................300
RAM Utilization...............................................................................................................301
Heap diagnosis / memory leaks......................................................................................303
Heap corruption..........................................................................................................304
Using PSRAM.................................................................................................................307
EFUSE................................................................................................................................309
EFuse #1........................................................................................................................310
EFuse #2........................................................................................................................310
EFuse #3 – 0x6001a00c.................................................................................................310
Button press detection.........................................................................................................310
GPS....................................................................................................................................312
GPS decoding.................................................................................................................315
Temperature and pressure – BMP180.................................................................................315
Using the Arduino APIs...................................................................................................318
NeoPixels............................................................................................................................318
NeoPixel theory..............................................................................................................318
NeoPixels and the ESP32...............................................................................................321
APA102...........................................................................................................................322
LED 7-Segment displays.....................................................................................................322
MAX7219/MAX7221 – Serial interface, 8-digit, led display drivers..................................323
The U8g2 library..................................................................................................................327
LCD display – Nokia 5110 – PCD8544................................................................................328
OLED 128x32, 128x64 – SSD1306.....................................................................................330
Page 6
TFT displays........................................................................................................................332
Ambient light level sensor – BH1750FVI.............................................................................333
Ambient light and proximity sensor......................................................................................335
Infrared receivers................................................................................................................336
RFID MFRC522...................................................................................................................338
MFRC522 – Low levels...................................................................................................341
Initialization................................................................................................................344
AntennaOn.................................................................................................................344
Cameras..............................................................................................................................344
Ivan's sample..................................................................................................................344
OV7670..........................................................................................................................346
Accelerometer and Gyroscope – MPU-6050 (aka GY-521).................................................346
The math of accelerometers...........................................................................................352
Visualizing orientation.....................................................................................................354
Compass – HMC5883L (aka GY-271) (aka CJ-M49)...........................................................354
Tilt compensation of the compass...................................................................................360
Real time clocks..................................................................................................................361
Servos.................................................................................................................................364
The Mini/Micro SG90......................................................................................................366
Audio...................................................................................................................................366
PCM5102 – I2S DAC......................................................................................................366
Graphic Equalizer...........................................................................................................367
External networking.............................................................................................................370
The nRF24......................................................................................................................370
Using the Arduino APIs...............................................................................................376
Integrating the nRF24 with the ESP32.......................................................................383
Programming using Eclipse.....................................................................................................386
Installing the Eclipse Serial terminal....................................................................................396
Web development using Eclipse..........................................................................................401
Programming using the Arduino IDE........................................................................................402
Mapping from the Arduino to the ESP32.............................................................................403
Implications of Arduino IDE support.....................................................................................404
Installing the Arduino IDE with ESP32 support....................................................................405
Using the Arduino libraries as an ESP-IDF component.......................................................407
Tips for working in the Arduino environment........................................................................408
Initialize global classes in setup()....................................................................................408
Invoking Espressif SDK API from a sketch......................................................................408
Reasons to consider using Eclipse over Arduino IDE.....................................................409
Programming with JavaScript..................................................................................................409
Duktape...............................................................................................................................410Compiling code...............................................................................................................411
Building for ESP32..........................................................................................................411
Page 7
Integrating Duktape in an ESP32 application..................................................................411
The Duktape stack..........................................................................................................412
Working with object properties........................................................................................412
Calling C from a JavaScript program..............................................................................412
JerryScript...........................................................................................................................413
Platform specific files......................................................................................................413
JerryScript life-cycle........................................................................................................414
Accessing the global environment..................................................................................414
The jerry_value_t............................................................................................................414
Handling errors...............................................................................................................415
Interfacing JerryScript with C..........................................................................................415
IoT.js....................................................................................................................................416
Programming with Python........................................................................................................416
Pycom Micropython.............................................................................................................416
Programming with Lua.............................................................................................................416
Lua-RTOS for ESP32..........................................................................................................416
Integration with Web Apps.......................................................................................................417
HTTP Protocol.....................................................................................................................417
HTTP Headers................................................................................................................417
Accept header............................................................................................................417
Authorization header..................................................................................................417
Connection header.....................................................................................................418
Content-Length header..............................................................................................418
Content-Type header..................................................................................................418
Host header................................................................................................................418
User-Agent header.....................................................................................................418
Web Servers........................................................................................................................418
Mongoose networking library..........................................................................................419
Setting up Mongoose on an ESP32...........................................................................422
Sending a request from Mongoose............................................................................423
The Mongoose struct mg_connection........................................................................423
Handling file uploads..................................................................................................423
GoAhead Web Server.....................................................................................................424
JavaScript Webserver.....................................................................................................425
REST Services....................................................................................................................425
REST protocol................................................................................................................425
ESP32 as a REST client.................................................................................................426
Making a REST request using Curl............................................................................426
Making a REST request using Mongoose..................................................................431
ESP32 as a REST service provider................................................................................431
WebSockets........................................................................................................................431
A WebSocket browser app..............................................................................................432
Mongoose WebSocket....................................................................................................434
Other Websocket implementations.................................................................................435
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Tasker..................................................................................................................................435
AutoRemote........................................................................................................................435
DuckDNS............................................................................................................................437
Networking protocols...............................................................................................................438
MQTT..................................................................................................................................438
Mosquitto MQTT.............................................................................................................440
Installing on Windows.................................................................................................442
Writing ESP32 MQTT clients..........................................................................................444
Using Mongoose as an MQTT client..........................................................................444
Using Espruino as an MQTT client.............................................................................446
Writing non ESP32 MQTT clients...................................................................................446
Eclipse paho...............................................................................................................447
C – Mosquitto client library.........................................................................................448
Node.js JavaScript – MQTT.......................................................................................450
Browser JavaScript – MQTT......................................................................................451
CoAP – Constrained Application Protocol............................................................................453
FTP.....................................................................................................................................455
TFTP...................................................................................................................................455Telnet...................................................................................................................................456
DNS Protocol......................................................................................................................458
Mobile apps.............................................................................................................................461
Blynk...................................................................................................................................461
Cloud environments.................................................................................................................465
IBM Bluemix........................................................................................................................465
If This Then That – IFTTT....................................................................................................466
ESP Mesh................................................................................................................................467
Storage programming..............................................................................................................468
Partition table......................................................................................................................468
Non Volatile Storage............................................................................................................472
Virtual File System..............................................................................................................473
VFS Implementations......................................................................................................474
FATFS File System..............................................................................................................475
Spiffs File System................................................................................................................476
Building SPIFFs for the ESP32.......................................................................................478
mkspiffs tool....................................................................................................................478
The ESP File System – EspFs............................................................................................480
SD, MMC and SDIO interfacing...........................................................................................481
ZIP files...............................................................................................................................482
zlib..................................................................................................................................482
miniz...............................................................................................................................482
kuba--/zip........................................................................................................................483
Charting data...........................................................................................................................483
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Kst.......................................................................................................................................484
Sample Snippets......................................................................................................................485
Sample applications.................................................................................................................485
Sample – Ultrasonic distance measurement.......................................................................486
Sample – WiFi Scanner.......................................................................................................489
Sample – A changeable mood light.....................................................................................490
Using FreeRTOS.....................................................................................................................494
The architecture of a task in FreeRTOS..............................................................................495
Stacks and FreeRTOS tasks...........................................................................................497
Timers in FreeRTOS............................................................................................................500
Blocking and synchronization within FreeRTOS..................................................................501
Semaphores and Mutices within FreeRTOS........................................................................502
Queues within FreeRTOS...................................................................................................504
Ring buffer withing FreeRTOS.............................................................................................505
Working with queue sets.....................................................................................................506
Monitoring capabilities.........................................................................................................506
Running untested functions.................................................................................................507
The Serial AT command processor..........................................................................................508
Mongoose OS..........................................................................................................................508
The Mongoose OS file system............................................................................................510
Setting up Mongoose OS WiFi............................................................................................510
Building a Mongoose OS App..............................................................................................510
AWS IoT...................................................................................................................................511
The ESP-IDF aws_iot component.......................................................................................513
Using the TI CC2650 SensorTag..............................................................................................513
IR Temperature Sensor.......................................................................................................516
Humidity Service.................................................................................................................517
Ambient light sensor............................................................................................................518
Key Press............................................................................................................................518
Developing solutions on Linux.................................................................................................519
Building a Linux environment..........................................................................................519
Hardware architecture..............................................................................................................521
The CPU and cores.............................................................................................................521
Intrinsic data types..............................................................................................................521
Native byte order, endian and network byte order...............................................................521
Memory mapping and address spaces................................................................................522
Reading and writing registers..............................................................................................524
Pads and multiplexing.........................................................................................................525Register based GPIO..........................................................................................................528
GPIO_OUT_REG...........................................................................................................530
GPIO_OUT_W1TS_REG................................................................................................530
GPIO_OUT_W1TC_REG...............................................................................................530
GPIO_OUT1_REG.........................................................................................................531
GPIO_OUT1_W1TS_REG..............................................................................................531
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GPIO_OUT1_W1TC_REG.............................................................................................531
GPIO_ENABLE_REG.....................................................................................................531
GPIO_ENABLE_W1TS_REG.........................................................................................531
GPIO_ENABLE_W1TC_REG.........................................................................................531
GPIO_ENABLE1_REG...................................................................................................531
GPIO_ENABLE1_W1TS_REG.......................................................................................532
GPIO_ENABLE1_W1TC_REG.......................................................................................532
GPIO_STRAP_REG.......................................................................................................532
GPIO_IN_REG...............................................................................................................532
GPIO_IN1_REG.............................................................................................................532
GPIO_STATUS_REG.....................................................................................................532
GPIO_STATUS_W1TS_REG..........................................................................................533
GPIO_STATUS_W1TC_REG.........................................................................................533
GPIO_STATUS1_REG...................................................................................................533
GPIO_STATUS1_W1TS_REG........................................................................................533
GPIO_STATUS1_W1TC_REG.......................................................................................533
GPIO_PCPU_NMI_INT1_REG.......................................................................................533
GPIO_PCPU_NMI_INT1_REG.......................................................................................533
GPIO_PINn_REG...........................................................................................................533
GPIO_FUNCm_IN_SEL_CFG_REG..............................................................................533
GPIO_FUNCn_OUT_SEL_CFG_REG...........................................................................534
Strapping pins.....................................................................................................................534
Boot mode source...........................................................................................................535
Debugging on U0TX0 at boot.........................................................................................535
Timing of SDIO slave......................................................................................................535
Boot-loader..........................................................................................................................535
Power modes......................................................................................................................537
Bootloader...........................................................................................................................538
Peripherals..........................................................................................................................538
Remote Control Peripheral – RMT..................................................................................538
SPI..................................................................................................................................542
PID Controller.................................................................................................................542
UART..............................................................................................................................542
I2S..................................................................................................................................543
I2S Clock....................................................................................................................543
Camera mode............................................................................................................543
Registers....................................................................................................................547
I2S_CONF_REG........................................................................................................549
I2S_CONF2_REG......................................................................................................549
I2S_CLKM_CONF_REG............................................................................................550
I2S_CONF_CHAN_REG............................................................................................550
I2S_LC_CONF_REG.................................................................................................550
Page 11
I2S_FIFO_CONF_REG..............................................................................................550
I2S_IN_LINK_REG....................................................................................................551
I2S_RXEOF_NUM_REG............................................................................................551
I2S_CONF_CHAN_REG............................................................................................551
I2S_SAMPLE_RATE_CONF_REG............................................................................552
I2S_INT_RAW_REG..................................................................................................552
I2S_INT_ENA_REG...................................................................................................552
I2S_INT_CLR_REG...................................................................................................553
RTC................................................................................................................................554
RTCIO_RTC_GPIO_OUT_DATA...............................................................................554
RTCIO_RTC_GPIO_OUT_DATA_W1TS....................................................................554
RTCIO_RTC_GPIO_OUT_DATA_W1TC...................................................................554
RTCIO_RTC_GPIO_ENABLE....................................................................................554
RTCIO_RTC_GPIO_ENABLE_W1TS........................................................................554
RTCIO_RTC_GPIO_ENABLE_W1TC........................................................................554
RTCIO_RTC_GPIO_STATUS_INT.............................................................................554
RTCIO_RTC_GPIO_STATUS_INT_W1TS.................................................................554
RTCIO_RTC_GPIO_STATUS_INT_W1TC.................................................................554
RTCIO_RTC_GPIO_IN_NEXT...................................................................................554
RTCIO_RTC_GPIO_PINn_WAKEUP_ENABLE.........................................................555RTCIO_RTC_GPIO_PINn_INT_TYPE.......................................................................555
RTCIO_RTC_GPIO_PINn_PAD_DRIVER..................................................................555
RTCIO_DIG_PAD_HOLD_REG.................................................................................555
RTCIO_HALL_XPD_HALL.........................................................................................555
RTCIO_HALL_PHASE...............................................................................................555
RTCIO_SENSOR_SENSEn_HOLD...........................................................................555
RTCIO_SENSOR_SENSEn_MUX_SEL....................................................................555
RTCIO_SENSOR_SENSEn_FUN_SEL.....................................................................555
RTCIO_SENSOR_SENSEn_SLP_SEL......................................................................555
RTCIO_SENSOR_SENSEn_SLP_IE.........................................................................555
RTCIO_SENSOR_SENSEn_FUN_IE........................................................................555
RTCIO_ADC_ADCn_HOLD.......................................................................................555
RTCIO_ADC_ADCn_MUX_SEL................................................................................555
RTCIO_ADC_ADCn_FUN_SEL.................................................................................555
RTCIO_ADC_ADCn_SLP_SEL..................................................................................555
RTCIO_ADC_ADCn_SLP_IE.....................................................................................555
RTCIO_ADC_ADCn_FUN_IE....................................................................................555
RTCIO_PAD_PDAC1_DRV........................................................................................555
RTCIO_PAD_PDAC1_HOLD.....................................................................................555
RTCIO_PAD_PDAC1_RDE........................................................................................555
RTCIO_PAD_PDAC1_RUE........................................................................................555
RTCIO_PAD_PDAC1_DAC........................................................................................555
RTCIO_PAD_PDAC1_XPD_DAC..............................................................................555
RTCIO_PAD_PDAC1_MUX_SEL...............................................................................555
Page 12
RTCIO_PAD_PDAC1_FUN_SEL...............................................................................555
RTCIO_PAD_PDAC1_SLP_SEL................................................................................555
RTCIO_PAD_PDAC1_SLP_IE...................................................................................556
RTCIO_PAD_PDAC1_SLP_OE.................................................................................556
RTCIO_PAD_PDAC1_FUN_IE..................................................................................556
RTCIO_PAD_PDAC1_DAC_XPD_FORCE................................................................556
ULP Processor.........................................................................................................................556
Preparing a ULP co-processor environment........................................................................557
ULP Instruction set..............................................................................................................557
NOP – No operation........................................................................................................559
ADD – Add to a register..................................................................................................559
SUB – Subtract from register..........................................................................................559
AND – Logical AND of two operands..............................................................................560
OR – Logical OR of two operands..................................................................................560
LSH – Logical Shift Left..................................................................................................560
RSH – Logical Shift Right...............................................................................................560
MOVE – Move to register................................................................................................560
ST – Store data to memory.............................................................................................561
LD – Load data from memory.........................................................................................561
JUMP – Jump to an absolute address............................................................................561
JUMPR – Jump relative with condition............................................................................561
JUMPS – Jump relative based on stage count...............................................................562
STAGE_RST – Reset the stage count register...............................................................562
STAGE_INC – Increment the stage count register..........................................................562
STAGE_DEC – Decrement the stage count register.......................................................562
HALT – End the program................................................................................................562
WAKE – Wakeup the chip...............................................................................................562
SLEEP – Set the ULP wakeup timer period....................................................................562
WAIT – Wait some number of cycles..............................................................................562
TSENS – Do measurement with the temperature sensor...............................................563
ADC – Do measurement with ADC.................................................................................563
REG_RD – Read from peripheral register.......................................................................563
REG_WR – Write to peripheral register..........................................................................563
ULP co-processor assembler coding...................................................................................564
Loading and starting a ULP co-processor application..........................................................565
Waking up the ULP co-processor........................................................................................566
Peripheral registers for ULP co-processor...........................................................................566
SENS_ULP_CP_SLEEP_CYC0_REG...........................................................................566
SENS_ULP_CP_SLEEP_CYC1_REG...........................................................................566
SENS_ULP_CP_SLEEP_CYC2_REG...........................................................................566
SENS_ULP_CP_SLEEP_CYC3_REG...........................................................................566
SENS_ULP_CP_SLEEP_CYC4_REG...........................................................................567
Page 13
SENS_SAR_START_FORCE_REG...............................................................................567
Electronics...............................................................................................................................568
Transistors as switches.......................................................................................................568
Logic Level Shifting.............................................................................................................569
Projects....................................................................................................................................571JerryScript library for ESP32...............................................................................................571
The "require" capability...................................................................................................571
API Reference.........................................................................................................................571
Configuration, status and operational retrieval....................................................................572
Arduino Mapping.................................................................................................................573
bitRead...........................................................................................................................573
bitWrite...........................................................................................................................573
delay...............................................................................................................................573
digitalWrite......................................................................................................................573
pinMode..........................................................................................................................574
SPI.begin........................................................................................................................574
SPI.setBitOrder...............................................................................................................574
SPI.setClockDivider........................................................................................................575
SPI.setDataMode............................................................................................................575
SPI.transfer.....................................................................................................................575
Wire.begin......................................................................................................................575
Wire.beginTransmission..................................................................................................576
Wire.endTransmission....................................................................................................576
Wire.read........................................................................................................................576
Wire.requestFrom...........................................................................................................576
Wire.write........................................................................................................................576
FreeRTOS API reference....................................................................................................576
portENABLE_INTERRUPTS...........................................................................................576
portDISABLE_INTERRUPTS..........................................................................................577
xPortGetCoreID..............................................................................................................577
pvPortMalloc...................................................................................................................577
pvPortFree......................................................................................................................577
xPortGetFreeHeapSize()................................................................................................577
xEventGroupClearBits....................................................................................................577
xEventGroupCreate........................................................................................................578
xEventGroupCreateStatic...............................................................................................578
xEventGroupSetBits.......................................................................................................578
xEventGroupWaitBits......................................................................................................579
xQueueAddToSet............................................................................................................579
xQueueCreate................................................................................................................580
xQueueCreateSet...........................................................................................................580
xQueueCreateStatic.......................................................................................................580
vQueueDelete.................................................................................................................581
xQueueGenericReceive..................................................................................................581
Page 14
uxQueueMessagesWaiting.............................................................................................581
xQueueOverwrite............................................................................................................582
xQueuePeek...................................................................................................................582
xQueuePeekFromISR.....................................................................................................582
xQueueReceive..............................................................................................................582
xQueueReceiveFromISR................................................................................................583
xQueueRemoveFromSet................................................................................................583
xQueueReset..................................................................................................................583
xQueueSelectFromSet....................................................................................................583
xQueueSelectFromSetFromISR.....................................................................................583
xQueueSend...................................................................................................................584
xQueueSendFromISR.....................................................................................................584
xQueueSendToBack.......................................................................................................584
xQueueSendToBackFromISR.........................................................................................584
xQueueSendToFront.......................................................................................................585
xQueueSendToFrontFromISR........................................................................................586
uxQueueSpacesAvailable...............................................................................................586
xRingbufferAddToQueueSetRead...................................................................................586
xRingbufferAddToQueueSetWrite...................................................................................586
xRingbufferCreate...........................................................................................................586
vRingbufferDelete...........................................................................................................587
xRingbufferGetMaxItemSize...........................................................................................587
xRingBufferPrintInfo........................................................................................................587
xRingbufferReceive.........................................................................................................587
xRingbufferReceiveFromISR..........................................................................................588xRingbufferReceiveUpTo................................................................................................588
xRingbufferReceiveUpToFromISR..................................................................................588
xRingbufferRemoveFromQueueSetRead.......................................................................588
xRingbufferRemoveFromQueueSetWrite........................................................................588
vRingbufferReturnItem....................................................................................................588
vRingbufferReturnItemFromISR......................................................................................589
xRingbufferSend.............................................................................................................589
xRingbufferSendFromISR...............................................................................................589
vSemaphoreCreateBinary...............................................................................................590
xSemaphoreCreateCounting..........................................................................................590
xSemaphoreCreateMutex...............................................................................................590
vSemaphoreDelete.........................................................................................................590
uxSemaphoreGetCount..................................................................................................591
xSemaphoreGive............................................................................................................591
xSemaphoreGiveFromISR..............................................................................................591
xSemaphoreTake............................................................................................................591
xTaskCreate....................................................................................................................592
Page 15
xTaskCreatePinnedToCore.............................................................................................593
vTaskDelay.....................................................................................................................594
vTaskDelayUntil..............................................................................................................594
vTaskDelete....................................................................................................................595
vTaskGetInfo...................................................................................................................595
xTaskGetCurrentTaskHandle..........................................................................................596
pcTaskGetTaskName......................................................................................................596
uxTaskGetNumberOfTasks.............................................................................................596
eTaskGetState................................................................................................................596
uxTaskGetSystemState...................................................................................................597
xTaskGetTickCount.........................................................................................................598
xTaskGetTickCountFromISR...........................................................................................598
vEventGroupDelete........................................................................................................598
vTaskList.........................................................................................................................598
uxTaskPriorityGet............................................................................................................599
vTaskPrioritySet..............................................................................................................599
vTaskResume.................................................................................................................599
xTaskResumeAll.............................................................................................................599
vTaskResumeFromISR...................................................................................................599
vTaskSuspend................................................................................................................600
vTaskSuspendAll............................................................................................................600
xTimerChangePeriod......................................................................................................600
xTimerChangePeriodFromISR........................................................................................601
xTimerCreate..................................................................................................................601
xTimerCreateStatic.........................................................................................................602
xTimerDelete..................................................................................................................602
pcTimerGetName............................................................................................................602
xTimerGetExpiryTime.....................................................................................................602
xTimerGetPeriod.............................................................................................................603
pvTimerGetTimerDaemonTaskHandle............................................................................603
pvTimerGetTimerID.........................................................................................................604
xTimerIsTimerActive.......................................................................................................604
xTimerPendFunctionCall.................................................................................................604
xTimerPendFunctionCallFromISR...................................................................................605
xTimerReset...................................................................................................................605
xTimerResetFromISR.....................................................................................................605
vTimerSetTimerID...........................................................................................................605
xTimerStart.....................................................................................................................606
xTimerStartFromISR.......................................................................................................606
xTimerStop.....................................................................................................................606
xTimerStopFromISR.......................................................................................................607
List Processing...............................................................................................................607
vListInitialise...............................................................................................................607
vListInitialiseItem........................................................................................................607
Page 16
vListInsert...................................................................................................................607
vListInsertEnd............................................................................................................607
Sockets APIs.......................................................................................................................607