Apostila Inglês III

Prévia do material em texto

-Inglês-
Texts
Inglês
01
Texts
ACAFE
Dear Ann
Italy, 1st June 
I’m having a really wonderful time here in Italy. The 
family I’m staying with are marvelous. They let me 
have lots of free time - three afternoons a week and 
almost any evening I like. They also let me watch 
their TV, listen to their records, and, best of all, drive 
their car so I can go to Naples or Florence if I like. 
Now here’s the bad news. They don’t let me come 
back after 11 o’clock at night and they don’t let me 
cook my own food. Italian food is delicious, but I 
miss English food sometimes. They also don’t let me 
speak English all the time - but that’s quite good. 
Every morning Mrs. Albertini, Paola - her daughter- 
and I speak Italian for a couple of ‘hours so now my 
Italian is quite good.
So I’m really enjoying myself. How about you? And 
how’s life in England?
Write soon Love, 
Tracy
From: Check your English Jon Blundell & Richard MacAndrew 
Macmillan Publishers, 1990, Londres (adapted) 
Vocabulary
to stay with - ficar, hospedar-se
to let - deixar, permitir 
best of all - acima de tudo, o melhor de tudo 
bad news - más notícias 
to come back - voltar 
to cook - cozinhar 
own food - própria comida 
to miss - sentir falta, saudade 
a couple of hours - duas horas 
to enjoy - gostar, apreciar
Questions on the text
Question 01
According to the text, which tatements are TRUE (T) 
and which are FALSE (F)? 
( ) Tracy can listen to the family’s records. 
( ) Tracy can cook her own food. 
( ) Tracy can watch television. 
( ) racy can drive the family’ car. 
( ) Tracy can stay out until midnight. 
( ) Tracy can speak English all the time. 
Choose the ComwT sequence from the top to the 
bottom 
a) T - T - F - T - T - F 
b) F - F - T - F - T - T 
c) F - T - F - F - F - T 
d) T - F - T - T - F - F 
e) T - F - F - F - T - F 
Question 02
What is Tracy’s nationality?
a) Italian 
b) English 
c) French 
d) Canadian 
e) Swedish
Question 03
Choose the CORRECT alternative according to the text. 
a) Paola is Mrs. Albertini’s daughter.
b) The family let Tracy go out four afternoons a week. 
c) Tracy doesn’t speak Italian with the family. 
d) Tracy thinks Italian food is bad. 
e) Tracy doesn’t like Italy.
Inglês
02
Question 04
Tracy can do a lot of things in her free time. Which one 
does like most?
a) Watch television. 
b) Listen to records. 
c) Drive the family’s car. 
d) Come back early. 
e) Cook her food.
Question 05
How much time does she spend speaking Italian every 
morning?
a) Four hours. 
b) Five hours. 
c) One hour 
d) Three hours. 
e) Two hours.
Question 06
According to the text, which qualities can describe the 
Albertini family? 
1. They are wonderful. 
2. They are bad. 3. They are nice 
4. They are good. 
5. They are poor. 
Choose the CORRECT sequence from the top to the 
bottom: 
a) 1 - 2 - 5 
b) 1 _ 3 _ 4 
c) 2 - 4 - 5 
d) 2 - 3 - 4 
e) 3 - 4 - 5 
to3 predict4 forthcoming5 happenings6 
correctly?
The answer for these questions are, in most 
cases, “no”. No one knows about the future 
properly7, but if we take some examples of 
the present and then project them into the 
future, some things will certainly happen8: 
 • Credit card will replace9 money.
 • Floating10 cities will be built11.
 • Scientists will discover the cure for cancer 
and AIDS.
 • Astronauts will find life on other planets.
NO ONE KNOWS ABOUT THE FUTURE.
We usually make some predictions1 about the 
future. In fact, it is a very interesting method 
to believe that bad things will vanish2 and 
good ones will come to us. But, what do we 
really know about the future? Are we able 
Vocabulary
1. prediction(s) - ______________
2. vanish - _______________
3. able to - ______________
4. predict - _____________
5. forthcoming - ___________
6. happening(s) - ______________
7. properly - ______________
8. happen - ___________
9. replace - _____________
10. floating - ___________
11. built - ______________
Questions on the text
Question 07
According to the text:
a) It’s not always possible to predict the future.
b) We are always certain about the future.
c) We only know about good things in the future.
d) Happenings in the future are easy to predict.
e) Bad things will vanish in the future.
Question08
The text suggests that:
a) Money will replace credit cards.
b) Credit cards will disappear in the future.
Inglês
03
c) We can project the future by observing the present.
d) Examples in the future are used in the present.
e) Astronauts will live in floating cities.
Material Complementar 
Question on the text
Question 01
De acordo com o texto:
a) Ratos são servidos somente em restaurantes 
populares.
b) Europeus têm o direito de se alimentar com ratos.
c) Na China, os ratos são uma especiaria cada vez 
mais popular.
d) Testes científicos são feitos com ratos em Beijing.
e) Ratos são brutais e cruéis.
Anotações
Of mice and men
Shanghai Star. 2001-06-21 
Dear Editor, 
In some Beijing restaurants, an astonishing1 
specialty2 is becoming more and more popular 
– live3 baby mice4. How brutal and cruel! 
I don’t like mice. They are ugly5 and harmful6. 
But I know animals are our friends. Mice are 
animals, so we should consider them as our 
friends, too. 
While some of us are eating them in China, in 
Europe, people are discussing if we have the 
right7 to use mice in medical trials8. 
Many TV stations and newspapers have 
invited animal lovers and doctors to discuss 
the dilemma. The animal protectionists ask a 
series of difficult questions: How can we decide 
the lives and deaths of mice and even let them 
die for the benefit of ourselves? How can we 
confirm that the medicine will be OK on us after 
it is tested by the mice? Human beings and mice
have many differences. 
Yingzi Xu 
Shanghai 
(extracted and adapted from www.chinadaily.com.cn)
Vocabulary
1. astonishing – surpreendente
2. specialty – especialidade
3. live – vivo(s)
4. mice – ratos
5. ugly – feio(s)
6. harmful – prejuducial(ais)
7. right – certo, correto
8. trials – testes (científicos)
Inglês
04
Tempos Verbais
(UEL – adapted) What is Make A 
Difference Day?
Make A Difference Day is the most complete national 
day of helping others - a celebration of neighbors1 
helping neighbors. Everyone can participate. 
Created by USA WEEKEND Magazine, Make A 
Difference Day is an annual event that takes place2 
on the fourth Saturday of every October. Millions3 
participate in thousands4 of projects in hundreds5 
of towns and help an estimated 25 million people. 
<http://www.usaweekend.com>
Vocabulary
1. neighbor(s) - ____________
2. takes place - ____________
3. millions - _______________
4. thousands - ______________
5. hundreds - _______________
Questions on the text
Question 01
De acordo com o texto, Make A Difference Day é:
a) um feriado nacional nos Estados Unidos, 
comemorado em 27 de outubro.
b) um evento para celebrar a amizade entre 
comunidades de cidades vizinhas.
c) uma data em que alunos realizam projetos sociais 
em prol de comunidades locais.
d) uma data criada com o objetivo de recrutar auxílio 
para trabalhos comunitários.
e) uma competição anual, com direito a prêmios, 
disputada por milhares de participantes.
Question 02
Segundo informações do texto, o A Difference Day 
acontece:
a) durante todo o mês de outubro.
b) durante todos os sábados do mês de outubro.
c) a cada quatro sábados do ano.
d) durante quatro dias do mês de outubro.
e) todo quarto dia do mês de outubro.
Simple Past
The girl played tennis last night.
Sally invited some friends for her party a 
week ago.
Mr. Miles went to the club yesterday.
He drove his car for the first time when he 
was 19.
She slept more than enough last month.
Formação: Formamos o Simple Past com o verbo 
principal na forma de passado.
 • Verbos Regulares
Infinitive Past Past participle 
walk walked walked
play played played
Atenção:
1. Em verbos regulares terminados em “e”:
arrive - arrived
improve – improved
→ corta-se o “e”e acrescenta-se “ed”.
2. Em verbos regulares terminados em “y”, 
precedidos de consoante:
study - studied
cry – cried
→ corta-se o “y” e acrescenta-se “ied”.
3. Em verbos oxítonos terminados em consoante-
vogal-consoante:
prefer - preferred
control – controlled
→ dobra-se a consoante final e acrescenta-se “ed”.
Inglês
05
Verbos Irregulares
Os verbos irregulares têm forma variada tanto no 
passado quanto no particípio passado.
Eis alguns exemplos:
Infinitive Past Past participle
go went gone
see saw seen
drive drove driven
come came come
drink drank drunk
O SIMPLE PAST é usado para descrever vários tipos 
de ações no passado: ações encerradas há pouco 
tempo, situações mais distantes e eventos repetidos.
Mike flew to New York last night.
I lived in Spain when I was a child.
Every year Jane went to the mountains, she bought 
new pairs of ski.
Past Continuous
I was working last night when Joe arrived.
b. juntamente com o SIMPLE PAST, o PAST 
CONTINUOUS também descreve uma ação 
que estava ocorrendo no passado e que foi 
interrompida por outra.
Mozart died when he was composing the 
Requiem.
Atenção:
USED TO → Mr. Smith used to smoke, but he quit 
two years ago.
Exercises
Question 01
Indique as formas corretas do Particípio Passado 
dos seguintes verbos: “give” , “hit”, “grow”. 
a) gave - hitting - growed
b) gave - hitted - growed
c) given - hitted - grew
d) gived - hit - grewed
e) given - hit - grown
Question 02
I ________ ten days in Europe in my last 
vacation and I _______ it was wonderful.  
a) spend / think 
b) spent / thought 
c) had spended / thought 
d) spended / have thought 
Question 03
I ______________ in my garden when you called 
last evening.
a) am working 
b) have been working 
c) was working 
d) had worked
The students were having English tests last 
morning as the teacher was watching them.
Formação: Formamos o PAST CONTINUOUS com 
o passado do verbo to be (was/were) e o verbo 
principal no gerúndio.
I Was doing
You Were doing
He Was doing
She Was doing
It Was doing
We Were doing
You Were doing
They Were doing
Usamos o PAST CONTINUOUS nas seguintes situações:
a. para descrever duas ações que aconteciam 
paralelamente no passado.
The sun was shining when I was driving my car 
to Scotland that day.
Inglês
06
Question 04
Choose the GRAMMATICALLY CORRECT propositions to complete the blanks in the following sentence: 
..................were working, when she ................. 
01. They - arrived. 
02. He - arrives. 
04. We - left. 
08. Mary - is writing. 
16. You - called. 
32. David and Gregoire - came in.
Question 05
Our cousins _____________ to the beach every Sunday when they ___________ in Miami. 
a) were going - were living
b) went - were living
c) were going – lived
d) used to go - lived
e) had went – used to live
Material Complementar 
WORD-SEARCH (Caça palavras)
Encontre no diagrama abaixo o plural dos seguintes substantivos:
Kilo – wolf – hero – class – handkerchief – goose – ox – foot – animal – shelf – house - root
R C H U R C H E S H X E T F O
O P A G P R E R I O W I Y R X
O Y N H K E R Y O U D R T Y E
T R D C L W O U T S F S R Y N
S S K V S T E S F E T G E U R
Q F E S A A S S E S R H Y S S
T Q R W Z I W K E S G K U C N
E O C O W 0 Q G T T H O O B L
F D H L Q I A L E H J A W J P
I U I M T T Z P N G K N O K M
O G E J S E X L B D O I L O S
P E F H H R C R S M H M V K H
Y I S T E J F T T O O A E I G
U L W E L L G F Y P K L S T J
B B S W V P T R I L M S Y O U
M O D F E L Y S P K B W O E O
X P P U S E U A K H R T K W K
Inglês
07
Past Perfect tense
Questions on the text
Question 01
A palavra BRAVE, no texto, significa 
a) forte.
b) corajosa.
c) mal-humorada.
d) boba.
e) inconsciente.
Question 02
A autora do texto dorme perto da parede porque
a) ela tem muitos pesadelos.
b) sua irmã insiste em dormir do lado de fora da cama.
c) sua amiga quer dormir no meio.
d) tem medo.
e) sua irmã gosta de levantar cedo.
Question 03
Pode-se inferir do texto que a autora
a) dorme muito bem.
b) prefere a amiga à irmã.
c) detesta sua irmã.
d) tem poucas amigas.
e) é ainda uma criança.
UEL (londrina)
Dear Diary
Our school friend Jane came1 to sleep at our house 
last night. She slept2 in the bed with us. Lucy on the 
outside because she is BRAVE-it never occurs to her 
that if in her sleep her hand hangs over3 the edge4 
of the bed “something” will crawl5 out from under 
it and bite6 her fingers off. I sleep near the wall 
because that thought had occurred to me many 
times. Jane therefore7, had to sleep in the middle.
Vocabulary
1. came (come-came-come) – 
2. slept (sleep – slept – slept) – 
3. hang over – 
4. edge – 
5. crawl – 
6. bite (bite – bit – bitten) – 
7. therefore – 
Inglês
08
Formação: Formamos o PAST PERFECT com o auxiliar 
had e o verbo principal no particípio passado.
Paul had seen the show...
Mr. Smith had come to Brazil…
Uso
O PAST PERFECT descreve uma ação que aconteceu 
antes de uma outra ação também no passado.
They had watched the film before their parents 
arrived. (note que a ação de “assistir ao filme” 
aconteceu no passado, anteriormente ao ato de “os 
pais chegarem”, que também ocorreu no passado.)
After Daniel had read Da Vince Code, he decided to 
visit the Vatican. 
Atenção 
When I came to her house last night she had 
already left. (Quando vim para a sua casa ontem à 
noite, ela já tinha saído.)
This morning, I heard a song that I had never heard 
before. (Nessa manhã ouvi uma canção que nunca 
tinha ouvido antes.)
Just do it
Conjugue os verbos abaixo no “Past Perfect Tense”
1- to arrive – he ________
2- to see – they _________
3- to come – Sally__________
4- to understand – The students_________
5- to drink – Paul__________
6- to sleep – Lucy_______
7- to make – The teacher________
8- to work – he__________
9- to eat – we_________
10- to walk – Mary__________
Exercises
Question 01
When we arrived at the club, the show 
______________ .  
a) had already started 
b) has never started 
c) didn’t started 
d) had never start
Question 02
Sally _________ to read her book when her 
mother_________ in.
a) finished – came
b) has already finishing – was coming
c) had already finished – came
d) had already finished – had come
e) was finishing – had already come
Question 03
The researchers _________ the new strain of the virus 
when Ebola ________ The African Continent some 
years ago.
a) discovered – had enter
b) had already discovered – entered
c) had already discovered – had entered
d) had been discovering – is entering
e) discovered – were entering
Question 04
Choose the propositions which are grammatically 
correct:
I wanted to take George with me to the soccer 
game last night, but he couldn’t come. 
He had already planned to do something 
else.
When I arrived at school this morning, classes 
had begun.
Grammar in use
Past Perfect
Inglês
09
01. She had decided to leave home when she called 
her mother.
02. After Paul learned how to drive he had chosen his 
new car.
04. Lisa had been a nurse before she married.
08. Before she met Joe, she had seen his picture.
16. The journalist packed his suitcases before he had 
traveled to South America.
64. I arrived late at the party because my car had 
broken down.
Question 05
When Paul ____________ her mother this morning, 
she _______________ to his teacher.
a) saw – had talk already
b) had seen – talked
c) saw – had already talked
d) was seeing – was talking
e) used to see – talked
After a young lady had said “good-bye” to her 
husband who was going to work, she went 
upstairs to take a shower. When she was putting 
her foot in the water, she remembered that 
she had left the gas stove still burning in the 
kitchen. There was nobody else in the house, 
so, without putting on her bathrobe, she went 
downstairs to turn the gas off. When she was 
doing it, she heard footsteps coming to the 
backdoor. She thought it was the milkman. He 
used to bring the milk bottlesinto the kitchen. 
So, she ran to the next door, which was the 
cupboard door. She got into the cupboard and 
then closed the door, very nervous.
The back door opened and the footsteps 
came into the kitchen. Then, to her surprise, 
the cupboard door was completely open and 
there was a man in front of her. That man was 
not the milkman. It was the gas man who had 
come to read the meter(the gas meter was in 
the cupboard). It was very difficult to think what 
to say. What she said was:
- I’m very sorry. I was expecting the milkman…
Anotações
Material Complementar
Inglês
10
Modal verbs
6. bleeding – 
7. wound – 
8. stock – 
9. gauze pad – 
10. coughing up – 
11. blood – 
Questions on the text
Question 01
O texto nos diz que
a) um corte que sangra abundantemente não pode 
ser suturado.
b) bebês e pessoas idosas têm prioridade nos prontos-
socorros.
c) febre alta não deve preocupar portadores de 
diabetes ou enfisema.
d) a maioria das pessoas não é bem atendida nos 
prontos-socorros.
e) metade dos casos de pronto-socorro não são de 
urgência.
Question 02
O título mais apropriado para esse texto seria
a) Guidelines for the inexperienced doctor.
b) When not to go to the emergency room.
c) You and your doctor.
d) What to do at the emergency room.
e) How to get alternative therapy.
Reading
UFRGS
At least1 half of all emergency room visits are for 
problems that don’t require2 immediate attention 
or that would be better solved by a patient’s 
own3 doctor. A HIGH FEVER4 is not necessarily 
urgent. Even a temperature of 40°C won’t harm 
those without chronic medical conditions such as 
diabetes, emphysema, or heart disease. lf you are 
achy5 all over and have a fever, call your doctor. 
Exception: any fever in a child younger than 2 
months or an adult older than 65. In those cases, 
get medical attention. HEAVY BLEEDING6 from a 
small wound7 on the face or hands is less serious 
than commonly believed. These areas have a rich 
blood stock 8, so a small cut may bleed abundantly. 
Your only option is to pressure with a clean gauze 
pad9. Sutures are necessary if a wound is deep or 
if it hasn’t stopped bleeding after pressure. Doctors 
won’t suture a wound that’s been open for 12 hours 
or more. COUGHING UP10 BLOOD11 is not always a 
medical emergency - ¦and it is rarely a sign of lung 
cancer or tuberculosis. Anyone with a bad cold or 
bronchitis can a cough up a little blood.
Vocabulary
1. at least
2. require –
3. own – 
4. fever – 
5. achy – 
Inglês
11
Question 03
Na frase “...and it is rarely a sign of lung cancer” (ref. 5) o pronome it se refere a
a) coughing up blood
b) a medical emergency
c) a sign
d) lung cancer
e) tuberculosis
Modal Verbs
Part I
Também conhecidos como ANOMALOUS VERBS, os MODALS são verbos que possuem características próprias:
a. não são seguidos da partícula to no infinitivo, com exceção de ought to,
b. não sofrem acréscimo de s nas terceiras pessoas do singular no SIMPLE PRESENT ,
c. têm forma própria de futuro e não são, portanto, conjugados com will. 
Os MODALS, seus significados, respectivos usos (sentidos), formas de futuro e passado são:
Verbo Significado Sentido Passado Futuro
CAN PODER
1. ter capacidade, habilidade.
2. permissão (informal)
COULD (WAS/WERE 
ABLE TO)
WILL BE
ABLE TO
MAY PODER
1. permissão
2. probabilidade
MIGHT
MAY HAVE +
PARTICIPLE
MAY
MAY
Atenção
MIGHT, além de passado de MAY permissão, também pode ter o sentido de probabilidade menor.
The teacher said we might have a test tomorrow.
Exercises 
Question 01
Students may ________ us some different questions.
a) asks
b) ask
c) to ask
d) asking
e) asked
Question 02
Tina didn’t come to work this morning.. She 
_________________.
a) has to be sick
b) can be
c) may be
d) may have was
e) was able to be
Inglês
12
Question 03
We didn’t find Ann at her house. She ______________ 
out to the club.
a) may go
b) might went
c)may have went
d) may have gone
e) can go
Question 04
The weather may said it might rain tonight, for the sky 
is so clean.
The sentence above means that:
a) Little rain is expected tonight.
b) It will rain tonight for sure.
c) There’s 90 percent chance of raining tonight.
d) There’s almost no chance to rain tonight.
e) Rain is certainly expected tonight.
Question 05
Tina didn’t come to work this morning.. She 
_________________.
a) has to be sick
b) can be
c) may be
d) may have was
e) was able to be
Material complementar
Just for fun
Home
Question 01
Tina didn’t come to work this morning.. She 
_________________.
a) has to be sick
b) can be
c) may be
d) may have was
e) was able to be
Question 02
Indicate the alternative that best completes the 
following sentence.
The floor is so wet (molhado). It _______ last night.
a) might be sunny
b) may have rained
c) should have been warm
d) may be snowing
e) ought to dry
Question 03
The word CAN in “We can write this letter if you need.” 
expresses:
a) obligation
b) probability
c) permission
d) intention
e) capacity
Question 04
In”... the laser light signals will also be able to transmit 
video telephone conversations in the future.”, be able 
to expresses the idea of ...
a) permission.
b) assumption.
c) obligation.
d) ability.
e) necessity.
SUMO KAMIKAZE
Three men, an Scot, and an English man and a 
sumo wrestler were going to commit suicide 
by jumping of the top of a building. The Scot 
jumped off and shouted
''God save Scotland!'' The English man 
jumped off and shouted ''God Save England!'' 
The Sumo wrestler jumped off and shouted 
''God save the person who I land on!''
Inglês
13
Question 05
Sally can speak French and German. The word CAN 
expresses:
a) capacity
b) probability
c) formal permission
d) obligation
e) deduction
Anotações
Inglês
14
Modal Verbs II
(www.comics.com)
Vocabulary
1. at the top – 
2. lose weight – 
3. without – 
4. found (find-found-found) – 
5. healthy – 
6. foods –
Questions on the text
Question 01
Qual era a dieta da moda há alguns anos?
Question 02
Segundo o texto, as melhores dietas são encontradas 
em livros best-sellers? Copie do texto o trecho que 
justifica a sua resposta.
Question 03
De acordo com Pam Stuppy, presidente da Maine 
Dietetic Association, qual a base para uma boa 
nutrição?
Inglês
15
Grammar in use
Modals II
Verbo Significado Sentido Passado Futuro
MUST DEVER
1- obrigação, necessidade
2- dedução
HAD TO
MUST HAVE 
+PARTICIPLE
WILL HAVE TO
MUST
SHOULD DEVERIA
conselho, lembrança de 
um dever
SHOULD HAVE
+ PARTICIPLE
O U G H T 
TO
DEVERIA
conselho, lembrança de 
um dever
OUGHT TO 
HAVE
+ PARTICIPLE
Atenção
Sorry, but you mustn’t smoke in this room.
He needn’t pay for the course. It’s free.
MUST NOT ou MUSTN’T indica proibição.
NEED NOT ou NEEDN’T indica não necessidade.
= don’t have to / doesn’t have
doesn’t have to
Exercises 
Question 01
The form “should have reached” indicates the same 
as
a) must have reached.
b) was expected to reach.
c) will have reached.
d) can have reached.
e) was going to reach.
Question 02
You _________ smoke in this room. There’s a sign 
which says “It’s forbidden”.
a) may
b) can
c) needn’t
d) mustn’t
e) might to
Question 03
He stayed home all Sunday. He must have done the 
homework for today. A expressão “must have done” 
indica:
a) obrigação no passado
b) capacidade no passado
c) dedução no passado
d) proibição no passado
e) possibilidade no passado
Question 04
Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente 
a lacuna da frase a seguir.
We ...... hurry. The bus leaves in 10 minutes.
a) can
b) must
c) do
d) did
e) would
Question 05
You _______ say such bad things about your 
parents.  
a) could to 
b) have got 
c) shouldn’t 
d) don’t ought to 
Inglês
16
Just for fun
Do you want to lose weight? Do you want to keep 
on your shape? So, you must do some activities! 
Perhaps, if you decide not to take a bus, wake up 
earlier and walk to school will help you for a healthy 
life. Exercises and activitiesare also important. 
See chart (tabela) below and calculate how many 
calories you can lose in a day:
Exercise 
Calories burned 
per hour 
Walking 300 
Running - Moderate pace 760 
Cycling - Moderate 540 
Soccer 750 
Stretching - Yoga type 280 
Swimming - Moderate pace 460 
Basketball - Competitive 600 
Football - Competitive 700 
Weight Training - Moderate 230 
Tennis - Singles match 610 
Roller skating - Moderate 520 
Calories are calculated and estimated based on data 
from Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 
The Official Journal of the American College of 
Sports Medicine.
Anotações
Inglês
17
Using English in your everyday 
activities
Todos nós sabemos que o mais importante ao 
aprendermos uma nova língua é a capacidade de 
comunicação que ela nos oferece. Sabendo disso, 
vamos usar esta unidade para descobrirmos o 
quanto já estamos familiarizados com a língua 
inglesa. Apresentamos abaixo um vasto número de 
placas, sinais indicativos, etc.
Sua função nesta unidade é a de descobrir e 
informar a função informativa de cada sinalização 
abaixo. Mãos à obra e boa sorte! 
Inglês
18
Inglês
19
Why do you think so many people 
are fascinated by violence?
I think it’s in the western world but especially in the 
States, because from the day I was born when I was 
watching television I was watching cats and mice 
fight in cartoons. And then I grew up a little older 
and not only did I see cats and mice fighting but 
I saw nice programmes with real people fighting 
on television. And then I just grew up a little more 
and I did see the real thing in the news and it didn’t 
bother me a bit to see it because I’d been seeing it 
all my life.
When I saw the news about Vietnam I did see 
Vietnamese, especially dead Vietnamese, they’re 
not American, they don’t bother you, you’ve seen 
it all your life. You saw dead Germans on television, 
you saw John Wayne Kill millions of Indians, it 
doesn’t bother you to see anybody who isn’t a good 
American citizen dead. It’s just imbedded in you 
from the day you’re born. Violence is imbedded in 
people in the States. Especially if you get bored the 
easiest way out is to go and watch violence: watch 
the American soldiers beat the Japs.
(Spectrum by Michael Swan)
Vocabulary
1. to bother - perturbar
2. to grow up - crescer
3. imbedded - arraigado
4. japs (giria) - japoneses
Questions on the text
Question 01
Choose the correct alternative according to the text: 
Why is violence imbedded in people in the States?
a) Because Americans like to live violently. 
b) Because from the day they were born up to now 
Americans are used to watch violence on TV.
c) Because they like war.
d) Because I get bored when I don’t watch violence and sex.
Question 02
Mark the correct answer. 
What do you understand by a “citizen”?
a) A person who is not a member of a particular 
country.
b) A person who has not been officially allowed to 
become a member of a country.
c) A person who lives in a particular town or city and 
has certain voting or other rights in that town.
d) A person who lives in big cities without any rights.
Make your Morning Better 
The morning is probably no one’s favorite part of the 
day, particularly if you stayed up the night before to 
watch TV. Remember: Stress and anxiety damage your 
immunity. Enter your day happy and relaxed, and you 
increase your chances of a healthy, productive day.
1. Go to sleep with your curtains halfway open1. 
That way, the natural light of the rising sun will send 
a signal to your brain2 to slow3 its production of 
melatonin and increase4 its production of adrenaline, 
a signal that it’s time to wake up5. When the alarm 
rings, you’ll already be half awake. 
2. Set your alarm 15 minutes earlier. This way, you 
don’t have to jump out of bed and rush6. You can 
begin your morning by lying in bed7, slowly waking 
up. Mentally consider what you’re going to do, 
what you’re going to have for breakfast. It’s just as 
important to prepare yourself mentally as physically 
for your day. These few minutes in bed are all yours.
3. Stretch8 every extremity for 15 seconds. Try this 
even before you open your eyes. Lift9 your arm and 
begin to stretch each10 finger, then your hand, then 
your wrist11, then your arm. Then move on to the 
other arm. Then your toes12, feet, ankles13, and legs.
Inglês
20
Vocabulary
1. half way open – 
2. brain – 
3. to slow – 
4. increase – 
5. to wake up – 
6. rush – 
7. lying in bed – 
8. strech – 
9. lift – 
10. each – 
11. wrist – 
12. toes – 
13. ankles – 
Questions on the text
Explique, em português, quais as três orientações 
que o texto dispõe para que possamos ter uma 
manhã mais relaxada e saudável.
Anotações