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Past Perfect 
https://www.todamateria.com.br/verbos-regular
es-e-irregulares-no-ingles/ 
https://pt.bab.la/verbo/ingles/sing 
O ​Past Perfect ou Past Perfect Simple​ (Passado Perfeito ou Passado Perfeito 
Simples) é um tempo verbal usado para expressar ​ações passadas que 
aconteceram antes de outra ação​ que também ocorrera no passado. 
Nesse tempo verbal é comum as frases serem formadas por alguns advérbios. 
Os mais utilizados são: 
● when ​(quando) 
● just ​(acabado de; há pouco) 
● already ​(já) 
● by the time​ (no momento) 
● ever ​(já; alguma vez) 
● never ​(nunca) 
● before ​(antes) 
● after ​(depois) 
 
Exemplos​: 
● I had already cleaned the house​ when my mother arrived​. (Eu já tinha 
limpado a casa quando minha mãe chegou.) 
● She had just left​ by the time he arrived​. (Ela tinha acabado de sair 
quando ele chegou.) 
● They did not come with us because​ they had visited this museum 
before.​ ​(Eles não vieram conosco porque tinham visitado este museu 
antes.) 
● He asked me if ​I had ever been to Germany​. (Ele me perguntou se eu 
já tinha estado na Alemanha.) 
Formação do ​Past Perfect 
O ​Past Perfect​ é formado pelo verbo auxiliar ​to have ​conjugado no ​Simple Past 
(had) + ​Past Participle​ do verbo principal. 
 
Atenção! ​(Pay Attention!​) 
Todos os verbos regulares seguem um modelo de conjugação. No particípio 
passado, as flexões sempre são formadas pelo acréscimo das terminações ​–d​, 
–ed​ ou ​–ied 
Já os verbos irregulares, não seguem nenhum modelo ou regra de conjugação. 
Assim sendo, a melhor forma de conhecer suas flexões é consultar uma tabela 
de verbos. 
Exemplos​: 
● Verbo ​to dance​ (regular) - particípio passado: ​dance​d 
● Verbo ​to play​ (regular) - particípio passado: ​play​ed 
● Verbo ​to study ​(regular) - particípio passado: ​stud​ied 
● Verbo ​to go​ (irregular) - particípio passado: ​gone 
● Verbo​ to be​ (irregular) - particípio passado: ​been 
Forma afirmativa (​affirmative form​) 
As frases afirmativas no ​Past Perfect Simple​ são formadas da seguinte maneira: 
Sujeito + had + verbo principal no ​Past Participle​ + complemento 
Exemplo​: 
You had changed your clothes​ before the end of the party. (Você tinha 
mudado suas roupas antes do final da festa). 
Forma Negativa (​negative form​) 
Nas frases negativas é necessário acrescentar o ​not ​após o verbo auxiliar: 
Sujeito + ​had​ + ​not ​+ verbo principal no ​Past Participle​ + complemento 
 
Exemplo​: 
You had not changed your clothes before the end of the party. ​(Você não tinha 
mudado suas roupas antes do final da festa.) 
o​bs.​: a forma negativa também pode ser escrita na forma contraída: ​had ​+ ​not 
= ​hadn't 
Exemplo​: 
You hadn't changed your clothes before the end of the party. ​(Você não tinha 
mudado suas roupas antes do final da festa.) 
Forma Interrogativa (​interrogative form​) 
Para fazer perguntas no ​Past Perfect Simple​, o verbo auxiliar deve ser usado no 
início da frase, antes do sujeito: 
Verbo ​to have ​no ​Simple Past​ + sujeito + verbo principal no ​Past 
Participle​ + complemento 
Exemplo​: 
Had you changed your clothes before the end of the party?​ (Você tinha mudado 
suas roupas antes do fim da festa?) 
Qual das frases abaixo não está no ​Past Perfect Simple​: 
a) Had you been wait​ing​ long before the airplane arrived? 
b) You had not studied English before you moved to Brazil. 
c) We had had=verbo that car for fifteen years before it broke down. 
d) Before I came here, I had s​poken​ to John. 
e) He had written=participio de write a letter to Carlos. 
Escreva a frase abaixo no ​Past Perfect Simple​ nas formas afirmativa, 
negativa e interrogativa: 
I watched a good film this weekend​. 
I had watched a good film this weekend ​when the light went off 
I hadn’t watched.. 
Had I watched 
Conjugue o verbo ​to have​ na forma afirmativa do ​Past Perfect Simple​: 
had + had 
Make the past perfect: 
1. When I arrived at the cinema, the film _____had started______________ 
(start) VS When I arrived at the cinema, the film ___ started______________ 
2. She _________had lived___________ (live) in China before she went to 
Thailand. 
3. After they _______had eaten_____________ (eat) the shellfish, they began 
to feel sick. 
4. If you ______had listened______________ (listen) to me, you would have 
got the job. 
5. Julie didn’t arrive until after I _________had left___________ (leave). 
6. When we _____had finished_______________ (finish) dinner, we went out. 
7. The garden was dead because it _______had been_____________ (be) dry 
all summer. 
8. He ___________had met_________ (meet) her before somewhere. 
9. We were late for the plane because we _______had forgotten_____________ 
(forgot)our passports. 
10. She told me that she _______had studied_____________ (study) a lot 
before the exam. 
11. The grass was yellow because it _____hadn’t rained______________ (not / 
rain) all summer. 
12. The lights went off because we _____hadn’t paid______________ (not / 
pay) the electricity bill. 
13. The children _______had not done____________ (not / do) their 
homework, so they were in trouble. 
14. They _______hadn’t eaten____________ (not / eat) so we went to a 
restaurant. 
15. We couldn’t go into the concert because we _____had not 
brought______________ (not / bring) our tickets. 
16. She said that she _______hadn’t visited____________ (not / visit) the UK 
before. 
17. Julie and Anne _______had not met____________ (not / meet) before the 
party. 
18. I _________hadn’t had__________ (not / have) breakfast when he arrived. 
19. He _______had not used____________ (not / use) email before, so I 
showed him how to use it. 
20. You _______had not studied____________ (not / study) for the test, so you 
were very nervous. 
Put the words in brackets into the gaps. Use the verbs in Past Perfect. 
When I arrived at the restaurant, Victoria had already ordered a glass of water. 
(already/to order) 
He noticed that Peter--had not painted-- the old chair. ​(not/to paint) 
Before Emma laid the table, she--had had--- a talk with her mother. ​(to have) 
She asked me if I --had learned-- the new words. ​(to learn) 
There were no sausages left when I came back. The dog --had eaten-- them. ​(to eat) 
It --had not rained-- for three weeks, so the land was dry. ​(not/to rain) 
I did not wait for my brother because I --had read-- his text message. ​(to read) 
Linda --had never been--- to a magic show before yesterday evening. ​(never/to be) 
She told me that Frank --had not tidied--- his room. ​(not/to tidy) 
had Jack fed----- his hamster before he left his house? ​(Jack/to feed) 
The driver --had not stopped--- at the traffic lights, so the police car chased him. 
(not/to stop) 
The budgie flew away because Jim --had not closed-- the window. ​(not/to close) 
When we came home, Frank --had not painted- the ceiling yet. ​(not/to paint) 
Eric -had not invited-- his friends, so he was alone on Saturday evening. ​(not/to 
invite) 
I --had not seen--Olivia for three years before I met her in Spain. ​(not/to see) 
He told me that he--had not spoken-- to his brother since yesterday. ​(not/to speak) 
Lisa--had not read--- the book, so she didn't understand the film. ​(not/to read) 
The Smiths --had not bought- the new camera, so they could spend the money on 
new furniture. ​(not/to buy) 
I didn't find my keys because I --had not looked---under the bed. ​(not/to look) 
We --had not practised-- enough, so we lost the match. ​(not/to practise) 
She --had lived-- in Sweden before she went to Norway. ​(to live) 
After we --had eaten-- the cornflakes, Henry came in. ​(to eat) 
Before Ken ran to Kerry's house, he --had phoned--him. ​(to phone) 
After they- had packed--- their backpacks, they rode away on their bikes. ​(to pack) 
Gerry helped his grandma in the house because his father --had told- him so. ​(to tell) 
The cat hid under thechair because the children -had been-- so loud. ​(to be) 
Before the students started to write, the teacher --had collected- their mobile phones. 
(to collect) 
After Max --had finished--his breakfast, he left the flat. ​(to finish) 
Laura repaired her glasses because her brother--had broken/broke--- them. ​(to 
break) 
By the time the show began, all friends -had arrived-- . ​(to arrive) 
Infinitive 
ingles 
● to break 
Simple past 
ingles 
● broke; brake 
Past participle 
ingles 
● broken; broke 
 
Put the verbs in brackets into the gaps in the correct tense – Past 
Perfect or Simple Past. 
After Fred had ​spent​ his holiday in Italy he ​wanted​ to learn Italian. 
Jill had ​phoned her​ Dad at work before she ​left​ for her trip. 
Susan ​ turned on​ the radio after she had ​washed​ the dishes. 
When she ​arrived​ the match had already started​(to start)​. 
After the man had come ​(to come)​ home he fed​(to feed)​ the cat. 
Before he sang​(to sing)​ a song he had played ​(to play)​ the guitar. 
She watched ​(to watch)​ a video after the children had gone ​(to go)​ to bed. 
After Eric had made​(to make)​ breakfast he phoned​(to phone)​ his friend. 
I was​(to be)​ very tired because I had studied ​(to study)​ too much. 
They had ridden​(to ride)​ their bikes before they met ​(to meet)​ their 
friends. 
Homework 
Escreva 3 frases na afirmativa, interrogativa e negativa com Past Perfect e seu 
complemento no Simple Past. Exemplo: 
Afirmativa: After ​Fred had spent his holiday in Italy​ he wanted to learn Italian. 
Negativa​: After Fred had not spent his holiday in Italy​ he wanted to learn 
Italian. 
Interrogativa:​ Had Fred spent his holiday in Italy​ ? He wanted to learn Italian. 
 
 
 
 
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS 
 
FUNÇÕES DO "PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS" 
O tempo verbal "past perfect continuous" corresponde ao "present perfect 
continuous", mas indica um período de tempo anterior ao passado recente. 
Assim como no "present perfect continuous", estamos mais interessados pelo 
processo​ do que pelo resultado. 
EXEMPLOS 
■ Had you been waiting​ long before the taxi arrived? 
■ We had been trying​ to open the door for five minutes when Jane found 
her key. 
■ It had been raining​ hard for several hours and the streets were very 
wet. 
■ Her friends ​had been thinking​ of calling the police when she walked in. 
 
FORMANDO O "PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS" 
O "past perfect continuous" é composto por dois elementos: o "past perfect" do 
verbo ​to be (= had been)​ + o "present participle " do verbo principal ​(radical + 
"ing")​. 
 
Forma Afirmativa (​Affirmative​ ​Form​) 
Para construir frases afirmativas no past perfect continuous utilizamos: 
Sujeito + simple past do verbo to have (had) + past perfect do verbo to 
be (been) + verbo principal com –ing + complemento 
Exemplo: Julia had been studying english for five weeks. (Júlia vinha estudando 
inglês por cinco semanas) 
Forma Negativa (​Negative​ ​Form​) 
A forma negativa é construída com o acréscimo do “not” após o verbo auxiliar to 
have: 
Sujeito + simple past do verbo to have (had) + not + past perfect do 
verbo to be (been) + verbo principal com –ing + complemento 
Exemplo: Julia had not been studying english for five weeks. (Júlia não vinha 
estudando inglês por cinco semanas) 
Obs​: O verbo have pode aparecer na forma contraída com o “not”: 
had not: hadn’t. 
Forma Interrogativa (​Interrogative​ ​Form​) 
Para fazer perguntas no past perfect continuous o verbo auxiliar have surge no 
início da frase, antes do sujeito: 
Simple past do verbo to have (had) + sujeito + past perfect do verbo to 
be (been) + verbo principal com –ing + complemento 
Exemplo: Had Julia been studying english for five weeks? (Júlia vinha estudando 
inglês por cinco semanas?) 
Past Perfect x Past Perfect Continuous 
O past perfect tense (passado perfeito) é classificado de duas maneiras. Confira 
abaixo as diferenças entre elas. 
Past Perfect Simple​: é usado para indicar ações no passado que aconteceram 
antes de outra ação que também ocorrera no passado. 
É formado pelo verbo auxiliar to have (had) conjugado no simple past (passado 
simples) + past participle (particípio passado) do verbo principal. 
Exemplos: 
● Affirmative Form​: I had finished the text when he arrived. (Eu tinha 
terminado o texto quando ele chegou) 
● Negative Form​: I had not finished the text when he arrived. (Eu não 
tinha terminado o texto quando ele chegou) 
● Interrogative Form​: Had I finished the text when he arrived? (Eu 
tinha terminado o texto quando ele chegou?) 
https://www.todamateria.com.br/past-perfect-simple/
Past Perfect Continuous​: expressa a continuação (duração) de ações no 
passado que ocorreram antes de outra ação no passado. 
É formado pelo verbo to have (had) conjugado no simple past (passado simples) 
+ verbo to be (been) conjugado no past perfect (passado perfeito) + gerúndio 
do verbo principal (-ing). 
Exemplos: 
● Affirmative Form​: I had been working when the accident happened 
. (Eu tinha estado a trabalhar quando aconteceu o acidente) 
● Negative Form​: I had not been working when the accident 
happened . (Eu não tinha estado a trabalhar quando aconteceu o 
acidente) 
● Interrogative Form​: Had I been working when the accident 
happened ? (Eu tinha estado a trabalhar quando aconteceu o 
acidente?) 
 
1. Qual das frases abaixo não está no past perfect continuous? 
a) We had been traveling since 2013. 
b) Had you been swimming? 
c) It had been raining hard for several hours. 
d) You have not been waiting here for two hours. 
e) Had he been talking with her? 
2. Escreva a frase abaixo nas formas negativa e interrogativa: 
She had been drinking all day. 
3. Conjugue o verbo To Know (saber) no past perfect continuous: 
 
4. Put the verbs into the correct form (past perfect progressive). 
1. We (sleep) for 12 hours when he woke us up 
2. They (wait) at the station for 90 minutes when the train finally arrived 
3. We (look for) her ring for two hours and then we found it in the 
bathroom. 
4. I (not / walk) for a long time, when it suddenly began to rain. 
5. How long (learn / she) English before she went to London? 
6. Frank Sinatra caught the flu because he (sing) in the rain too long. 
Frank Sinatra caught the flu because he had been singing in the rain too 
long. 
7. He (drive) less than an hour when he ran out of petrol. 
8. They were very tired in the evening because they (help) on the farm all 
day.I (not / work) all day; so I wasn't tired and went to the disco at 
night. 
9. They (cycle) all day so their legs were sore in the evening. 
 
 
The Perfect Tense – Exercícios 
01. Complete com o tempo verbal adequado do verbo entre parênteses: 
a) You _____________ ever caviar? 
(to eat) 
b) She ___________ just from France. 
(to arrive) 
02. Paul ___________ half the work, when they ___________ in. 
a) finished, came 
b) has finished, came 
c) had finished, had come 
d) has finished, had come 
e) had finished, came 
03. Paul ___________ in Germany since 1998. 
a) lived 
b) has lived 
c) will live 
d) lives 
e) live 
04. (UNIP) Things ___________ a lot since October. 
a) changed has 
b) are changing 
c) has changed 
d) change 
e) have changed 
05. (ITA) A: Would you like some more whisky? 
B: Yes, you ___________ it. 
a) have already drunk 
b) have already drink 
c) already drink 
d) has already drunk 
e) have already drinking 
06. Which is the correct form? 
a) The Mr. Patrick is our professor since March. 
b) Mr. Patrick have been our professor since March. 
c) Mr. Patrick is our professor since March. 
d) Mr. Patrick has been our professor since March. 
e) Mr. Patrick has been our professor from March. 
07. My brother _________ to me for months. 
a) doesn’t write 
b) don’t write 
c) has not written 
d) has not being written 
e) have written 
08. He’d been a businessmanbefore he ___________ an actor. 
a) becomes 
b) has become 
c) become 
d) is becoming 
e) became 
09. ________________ his watch yet? 
a) Didn’t he found 
b) Hasn’t he found 
c) Doesn’t he find 
d) Don’t he find 
e) Do he finds 
10. (MACKENZIE) A: Was that 9 o’clock train? 
B: Yes, you ___________ it. 
a) have just missed 
b) has just missed 
c) have just miss 
d) have just missing 
e) had just miss