Aula_07

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INGLÊS ESTRUTURA BÁSICA
Aula 07: As funções das “Noun Phrases”.	
Tema da Apresentação
Aula 07: As funções das “Noun Phrases”.
INGLÊS ESTRUTURA BÁSICA
In this class, you will be able to:
- Discuss language is a complex system in which words and terms vary in function
- Learn that language is a complex system in which words and phrases can behave similarly.
- Understand that noun phrases have different functions
Tema da Apresentação
Aula 07: As funções das “Noun Phrases”.
INGLÊS ESTRUTURA BÁSICA
Introduction
When studying languages the commitment required in relation to dominate rules, variations and kinds of linguistic manifestations is a mandatory reality. To firmly feel that a determinate idiom is part of a constituted knowledge levels must have been achieved and exceeded in a constant search for sophistication. Being so, it is quite important to understand the various dimension involving language and communication. That’s why, in this class, we will dedicate our attention to grammatical relations noun phrases are entitled to perform and establish within sentences.
Tema da Apresentação
Aula 07: As funções das “Noun Phrases”.
INGLÊS ESTRUTURA BÁSICA
See the examples below:
Illusion is the first of all pleasures.
Oscar Wilde - Irish dramatist, novelist, & poet (1854 - 1900)
Well succeeded individuals avoid illusion at any cost.
Tema da Apresentação
Aula 07: As funções das “Noun Phrases”.
INGLÊS ESTRUTURA BÁSICA
Tema da Apresentação
Aula 07: As funções das “Noun Phrases”.
INGLÊS ESTRUTURA BÁSICA
Noun Phrases Functions
The primary function of a singular noun phrase in a sentence is, roughly speaking, to draw the attention of the hearer to some object in the world that is relevant to the current conversational situation. See the example below:
These hard matters are our engine for life.
Tema da Apresentação
Aula 07: As funções das “Noun Phrases”.
INGLÊS ESTRUTURA BÁSICA
Nouns and noun phrases – and pronouns as well - perform ten main grammatical functions within sentences in the English language. Both native speakers and ESL students must learn the ten functions to fully and correctly use nouns and noun phrases in spoken and written English. The ten functions of nouns and noun phrases are:
Tema da Apresentação
Aula 07: As funções das “Noun Phrases”.
INGLÊS ESTRUTURA BÁSICA
Subject – The Baby cried.
Predicate nominative – He is a farmer.
Direct object – They ate all the cookies.
Object complement – We consider him our baby.
Indirect object – He bought his mother a present.
Prepositional complement – He bought flowers for me.
Noun phrase modifier – We reserved 20 hotel rooms.
Possessive modifier – The boy´s report was good.
Appositive – The teacher, my uncle, gave us a zero.
Adverbial – Today, they woke up early.
Tema da Apresentação
Aula 07: As funções das “Noun Phrases”.
INGLÊS ESTRUTURA BÁSICA
1. NP as a subject.
The subject of a sentence or clause is the part of the sentence or clause about which something is being said. It is usually. It is the doer of the action: “The subject is a noun phrase” (BIBER, CONRAD and Leech, 2011, p.48)
For example, read the examples below:
Poetry is the rhythmical creation of beauty in words.
Edgar Alan Poe – America writer and poet - 
Tema da Apresentação
Aula 07: As funções das “Noun Phrases”.
INGLÊS ESTRUTURA BÁSICA
2. Predicate nominative
The predicate nominative is the noun following a linking verb that restates or stands for the subject. It can be an adjective phrase, a noun phrase or a prepositional phrase. It follows the verb and the direct object:
Baton Rouge is the capital of Louisiana.
Tema da Apresentação
Aula 07: As funções das “Noun Phrases”.
INGLÊS ESTRUTURA BÁSICA
 3. Direct object
A direct object is a noun or pronoun that receives the action of a verb or shows the result of the action. It answers the question "What?" or "Whom?" after an action verb. An action verb with a direct object is called a transitive verb.
Mary burnt the toast.
King Arthur grabbed his shiny, magical and powerful sword.
Tema da Apresentação
Aula 07: As funções das “Noun Phrases”.
INGLÊS ESTRUTURA BÁSICA
4. Object complement
One of the grammatical forms that can perform the grammatical function of object complement is the noun clause. Noun clauses are defined as subordinate clauses formed by a clause preceded by a subordinating conjunction. For example:
 I consider Mark Twain my favorite American author.
 I declare the problem that you do not want to learn about grammar.
Tema da Apresentação
Aula 07: As funções das “Noun Phrases”.
INGLÊS ESTRUTURA BÁSICA
5. Indirect object
An indirect object precedes the direct object and tells to whom or for whom the action of the verb is done and who is receiving the direct object. There must be a direct object to have an indirect object. Indirect objects are usually found with verbs of giving or communicating like give, bring, tell, show, take, or offer. An indirect object is always a noun or pronoun which is not part of a prepositional phrase. See the examples.
That woman gives puppies baths. 
My uncle loves to read children stories. 
Tema da Apresentação
Aula 07: As funções das “Noun Phrases”.
INGLÊS ESTRUTURA BÁSICA
6. Prepositional complement
Take a look at the examples:
 
That little boy gave his toy to his baby brother.
The mother warned her children not to go into the woods.
Nouns clauses function as prepositional complements. Prepositional complements are words, phrases, and clauses that directly follow a preposition and complete the meaning of a prepositional phrase. The underlined noun clauses are examples of prepositional complements:
Both finite and nonfinite noun clauses can function as prepositional complements.
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Tema da Apresentação
Aula 07: As funções das “Noun Phrases”.
INGLÊS ESTRUTURA BÁSICA
7. Noun phrase modifier
The seventh grammatical function that nouns and noun phrases can perform is the noun phrase modifier. Noun phrase modifiers are defined as words and phrases that describe a noun or noun phrase. For example, the following italicized nouns and noun phrases function as noun phrase modifiers:
The child actor won an award.
The carpenter fixed the broken table leg.
We reserved twenty hotel rooms.
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Tema da Apresentação
Aula 07: As funções das “Noun Phrases”.
INGLÊS ESTRUTURA BÁSICA
8. Nouns as Possessive Modifiers
The eighth grammatical function that nouns and noun phrases can perform is the possessive modifier. Possessive modifiers consist of a noun or noun phrase and the possessive clitic (apostrophe s or s apostrophe) and describe another noun or noun phrase. For example, the following italicized nouns and noun phrases function as possessive modifiers:
My brother's apartment is small.
The food I spilled is the dog's.
The librarians' report was informative.
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Tema da Apresentação
Aula 07: As funções das “Noun Phrases”.
INGLÊS ESTRUTURA BÁSICA
9. Nouns as Appositives
The ninth grammatical function that nouns and noun phrases can perform is the appositive. Appositives are defined as nouns and noun phrases that modify or explain another noun or noun phrase. For example, the following italicized nouns and noun phrases function as appositives:
My grandfather the farmer bought more farm land.
The teacher, my uncle, assigns a lot of homework.
The musician Stevie Nicks is a singer in Fleetwood Mac.
Tema da Apresentação
Aula 07: As funções das “Noun Phrases”.
INGLÊS ESTRUTURA BÁSICA
OBS: Pay attention to punctuation when using appositives in your compositions!! There are some important aspects that must be kept in mind in order to elaborate a correct text:
Nonessential appositive – the ones that can be taken off the sentence without any damage to its logics - is always separated from the rest of the sentence with comma(s).
When the appositive begins the sentence, it looks like this:
A hot-tempered tennis player, Robbie charged the umpire and tried to crack the poor man's skull with a racket.
Tema da Apresentação
Aula 07: As funções das “Noun
Phrases”.
INGLÊS ESTRUTURA BÁSICA
When the appositive interrupts the sentence, it looks like this:
Robbie, a hot-tempered tennis player, charged the umpire and tried to crack the poor man's skull with a racket.
And when the appositive ends the sentence, it looks like this:
Upset by the bad call, the crowd cheered Robbie, a hot-tempered tennis player who charged the umpire and tried to crack the poor man's skull with a racket.
Tema da Apresentação
Aula 07: As funções das “Noun Phrases”.
INGLÊS ESTRUTURA BÁSICA
Nouns as Adverbials
The tenth grammatical function that nouns and noun phrases can perform is the adverbial. Adverbials are defined as words, phrases, and clauses that modify an entire clause by providing information such as time, place, manner, condition, reason, or purpose. For example, the following italicized nouns and noun phrases function as adverbials:
Today the children woke up early.
Yesterday the children slept in late.
We decided to go home.
Tema da Apresentação
Aula 07: As funções das “Noun Phrases”.
INGLÊS ESTRUTURA BÁSICA
Noun phrases exercises
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iewdl2j4q4k&feature=related
Tema da Apresentação