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Chapter *8 Basics Electricity Why Study Basics of Eletricity? Estheticians should study and have a trorough undertanding of the basics of eletricity as it a component of many service devices and so that technicians practice proper safety precautions and procedures and do not endanger either themselves or their clients. Por que estudar noções básicas de eletricidade? Esteticistas devem estudar e ter uma forte compreensão dos conceitos básicos de eletricidade como um componente de muitos dispositivos de serviço e para que os técnicos pratiquem precauções e procedimentos de segurança adequados e não ponham em risco nem eles nem seus clientes. ELETRICITY Is the movement of particles around an atom that creates pure energy.Eletricity is a form of energy that, when in motion, exhibits. Magnetic Chemical Thermal Effects OBS:Eletricity travels very fast: 186,000 miles (299,338Km) per second. Electri Current Is the flow of electricity along a conductor in a complete circuit. All materials can be classified as conductor in a complete circuit. É o fluxo de eletricidade ao longo de um condutor em um circuito completo. Todos os materiais podem ser classificados como condutor em um circuito completo. Conductor or Nonconductor( insulator) Exemple: Conductor > Is any material that easily conducts eletricity.Exemple: Metals, water, motors, Nonconductor >Is a substance that does not condut eletricity. Also know as Insulator. Exemple:Wood( madeira), glass)Rubber(borracha), Silk (seda) CIRCUIT Hydropower Types of Electric Current Direct Current (DC).Is a Constant, even-flowing current that travels in one direction only. Corrente direta (CC). É uma corrente constante, de fluxo uniforme, que viaja somente em uma direção. Alternating Current (AC).Is a Rapid and interrupted current (Flowing)firt in one direction and then in the opposite direction. This change in direction happens 60 times per seconds. Corrente Alternada (CA). É uma Corrente rápida e interrompida (Fluindo) em uma direção e depois na direção oposta. Essa mudança de direção acontece 60 vezes por segundo. Difference between Alternating and Direct current Direct Current: Constant, Even flow Travels in one direction Alternating Current: Rapid and Interrupt flow Travels in two direction Current Electric Converter: is na apparatus that changes direct current to alternating current. É um aparelho que altera a corrente contínua para corrente alternada. Rectifier: is na apparatus that changes alternating current to direct current. É um aparelho que altera corrente alternada para corrente contínua. Electrical Meassurements Volt(V).Also known as voltage, is the unit that measure the pressure or force that pushes the flow of electrons forward through a conductor. Ampere (A).Also known as AMP, is the unit that measures the amount of an electric current (number of electrons flowing through a conductor) Milliampere(mA). Is one- thousandth (1/1000). OBS:(The current for facial and scalp treatment is measure in milliampers). Ohm (O). Is a unit that measures the resistance of na electric current. Watt(W).Is ameasurement of how much electric energy is being used in 1 second.(40 Watt ligth bulb uses 40 watts of energy per second). Kilowatt.Is 1,000 watts, the eletricity in your house is a measured in kilowatts per hour (KWH).A 1,000- watt (1-kilowatt) hair dryer uses 1,000 watts of energy per second. Electrical Equipment Safety When working with eletricity, you must always concerned with own safety as well as that of your clients.All eletrical equipment should be inspected regulary to determine whether it is safe working order. Ao trabalhar com eletricidade, você deve sempre se preocupar com a própria segurança, bem como com a de seus clientes. Todos os equipamentos elétricos devem ser inspecionados regularmente para determinar se é um modo de funcionamento seguro. Safety Devices FUSE.Prevents excessive current from passing through a circuit. FUSÍVEL.Prevê a corrente excessiva ao passar por um circuito. Circuit Breaker Is a switch that autoamtically interrruptor or shuts OFF na electric circuit at the first indication of overload. É um interruptor que automaticamente interrompe ou desliga um circuito elétrico na primeira indicação de sobrecarga. Grounding (Aterramento) Is another important way of promotion electrical safety.All electrical appliances must have at least two electrical connections. The ground connection completes the circuit and carries the current safety aways to the ground. É outra forma importante de promoção da segurança elétrica. Todos os aparelhos elétricos devem ter pelo menos duas conexões elétricas. A ligação à terra completa o circuito ,e leva ,a segurança atual para o solo. UL ( UNDERWRITER´S LABORATORY): SYMBOL AS IT APPERS ON ELECTRICAL DEVI- CES. Disconnect appliance by pulling on the plug, not the cord. Inspect all electrical equipment regulary. Eletrotherapy Electrical facial treatments are commonly referred to as eletrotherapy, these treatment are ofthen called MODALITIES> produces a different effect on the skin.Use electrode or Prode is an applicator for directing the electric current from the device to the client´s skin. POLARITY: One Positive (+) ANODE One Negative(-) CATHODE Modalities Galvanic Current Microcurrent Telsa (High Frequency Current) Current Galvanic Is a constante and direct current. Is a positive and negative pole and produces chemical changes. when it passes through the tissues and fluids of the body. É uma corrente constante e direta. É um pólo positivo e negativo que produz mudanças químicas quando passa pelos tecidos e fluidos do corpo. Electrode ACTIVE (USE AREA TREATMENT) INACTIVE( USE CLIENT, OPPOSITE POLE) Iontophoresis Ionization Water Soluble Cataphoresis Anaphoresis Negative Alkaline Desincrustation Anaphoresis Soften and Emulsify Sebum Microcurrent Is a extremely low level of electricty that mirrors the body´s own natural electrical impulses.Can be use : Iontophoresis, Firming, toning, and soothing skin.Addttionally, it can aid in the healing of tissue, such as the case of acne, as it is tecnology that works with the body´s own natural processes. É um nível extremamente baixo de eletricidade que espelha os impulsos elétricos naturais do próprio corpo.Pode ser usado: iontoforese, firmante, tonificação e suavização da pele.Adicionando, pode ajudar na cicatrização de tecidos, como no caso de acne. Como uma tecnologia que trabalha com os próprios processos naturais do corpo. Effective: Improves blood and lymph circulation Produces acidi and alkaline reactions opens and closes hair follicles/pores Increases muscles tone Restores elasticity Reduces redness and inflamation Minimizes healing time in acne lesions Improves barrier functions of the skin Increases metabolism Tesla High Frequency Current Also known as Violet Ray , is a thermal or heat-producing current with a high rate of oscillation or vibrasion. Também conhecida como Raio Violeta, é uma corrente térmica ou produtora de calor com alta taxa de oscilação ou vibração. Tesla Current : Does not produce muscles contrations. Benefits Stimulates blood circulation Increase elimination and absorption Increase Metabolism Improves Germicidal Relieves Congestion Methods Direct surface application The Estetician the handpieces where glass eletrode is inserted Indirect applicationThe client hold the tube eletrode , (with metal coil inside)while the estetician massage the face with her hands. Contrain resurfacedication high frequency Pacemaker / heat conditions/ high blood Taking multiple medications Mental health disorders Epilepsy Bleeding disorders( sangramentos) Open cuts, sores, putular acne, or abrasions Diabetes Metal dental or facial implants incluind braces , pins, or plates Pregnency Dilated Capillaries( telangiectasyas or spider veins) Recent Laser or resurfacing or chemical peel Clients Using ACCUTNE Or retinoids Cancer Light Energy, lasers, and led Electromagnetic Visible light Invisible Infrared Light Ultraviolet Visible Light Is electromagnetic radiation that we can see Invisible Naked eye cannot perceive Infrared Light Beyond the visible red light of the spetrum Ultraviolet UV (Radiation) : Produces chemical effects and kills germs UVA : Longest Wavelength (Taning Beds) UVB : Burning ray, Sunburns cause skin cancer UVC : Ozone Layer ( protec us from UVC Radiation) DID YOU KNOW ? SOME NIMALS CAN SEE PARTS OF THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM THAT HUMANS CANNOT. For exemple, many insects can see ultraviolet (UV) radiation. When we hear the term WHITE LIGHT It is actually referring to combination kight because it is a combination of all the visible rays of the spectrum. Broad spectrum Sunscream protect aganist? UVA and UVB Ray. LIGHT THERAPY or PHOTOTHERAPY Is the application of light rays the skin for the treatment of acne , wrinkles, cappilaries, pigmentation,or hair removal.From dermatologist using UV therapy for treating Psoriasis. LASERS Is a acronym that stands for Light Amplification Stimulation Emission of Radiation PHOTOTERAPY A process thats turns the light from the laser into heat. LED Is the acronym for light emitting diode . Blue light : Reduce acne , reduces bacteria, precancerions lesions Red light : Increase circulation and improves collagen and elastin, increases cellualr processes Yellow light: Has been shown to reduce swelling and inflamation, detoxifies and increases circulations. Green light: Reduce hyperpigmentation, reduces redness, calms and soothes. Infrared light / Intense Pulse Light INFRARED LIGHT Has longer wavelenght, penetrates more deeply, has less energy, and produces more heat than visible light, makes up 60 percent of natural sunglight. INTENSE PULSE LIGHT ( IPL) A medical device that uses multiples colors and wevelenght ( broad spetrum) of focused light to treat spider veins , hypigmentation, rosacea and redness, wrinkles, enlarged hair follicles and pores, and excessive hair.
