Identify the following bone structures and answer some questions about bones and joints. Identify the bones that form the skull, face, and ear Give...

Identify the following bone structures and answer some questions about bones and joints. Identify the bones that form the skull, face, and ear: - Skull: Cranium (calvaria) and facial bones (maxilla, mandible, zygomatic bone, nasal bone, etc.) - Ear: Malleus, incus, and stapes (ossicles) Give the number of vertebrae in each region: - Cervical region: 7 vertebrae - Thoracic region: 12 vertebrae - Lumbar region: 5 vertebrae - Sacral region: 5 fused vertebrae (forming the sacrum) - Coccygeal region: 4 fused vertebrae (forming the coccyx) List the basic elements of a vertebra: - Body (centrum) - Vertebral arch (composed of pedicles and laminae) - Spinous process - Transverse processes - Articular processes (superior and inferior) Match the bones to their respective regions (arm, forearm, shoulder, wrist, metacarpus, thigh, leg, tarsus): - Arm: Humerus - Forearm: Radius and ulna - Shoulder: Scapula and clavicle - Wrist: Carpals - Metacarpus: Metacarpals - Thigh: Femur - Leg: Tibia and fibula - Tarsus: Tarsal bones How many pieces form our spine? - Our spine is composed of 33 vertebrae, which are divided into 5 regions. Name the bones that form the pelvis, humerus, radius, and ulna: - Pelvis: Hip bone (formed by the fusion of the ilium, ischium, and pubis) - Humerus: Upper arm bone - Radius: Forearm bone on the thumb side - Ulna: Forearm bone on the pinky side What are the structures that form the upper and lower limbs? - Upper limb: Arm, forearm, wrist, hand - Lower limb: Thigh, leg, ankle, foot What are the three structures that form the hip bone? - The hip bone is formed by the fusion of the ilium, ischium, and pubis. Identify the curvatures of the spine: - The spine has four curvatures: 1. Cervical curvature (concave anteriorly) 2. Thoracic curvature (convex anteriorly) 3. Lumbar curvature (concave anteriorly) 4. Sacral curvature (convex anteriorly) What is the name of the fluid that lubricates the joints? - The fluid that lubricates the joints is called synovial fluid. What are monoaxial, biaxial, and triaxial joints? - Monoaxial joints allow movement in only one plane (e.g., hinge joint of the elbow). - Biaxial joints allow movement in two planes (e.g., condyloid joint of the wrist). - Triaxial joints allow movement in three planes (e.g., ball-and-socket joint of the hip).