What are the functions and characteristics of the glicocálix? a) It is an external envelope to the membrane composed of sugar molecules linked to p...
What are the functions and characteristics of the glicocálix?
a) It is an external envelope to the membrane composed of sugar molecules linked to proteins and lipids, forming glycoproteins and glycolipids. It is a characteristic exclusive to epithelial cells.
b) It is a structure composed of microtubules that project into the extracellular medium of certain cells of invertebrates, protists, and higher organisms. It originates from the elongation of nine microtubules of the centrioles.
c) It is an ultramicroscopic projection of the plasma membrane, in the form of glove fingers. It occurs on the free surface of the lining epithelium of the small intestine, in the contoured tubules of the kidneys, and in the follicular cells of the thyroid.
d) It is a lipid molecule that increases the properties of the lipid bilayer and, due to its rigid planar steroid rings, decreases mobility and makes the lipid bilayer less fluid.
I - The glicocálix is a characteristic exclusive to epithelial cells.
II - The microvilli are short and numerous projections that occur on the free surface of the lining epithelium of the small intestine, in the contoured tubules of the kidneys, and in the follicular cells of the thyroid.
III - The cilia and flagella are structures composed of microtubules that project into the extracellular medium of certain cells of invertebrates, protists, and higher organisms. They originate from the elongation of nine microtubules of the centrioles.
IV - The glicocálix is a structure composed of microtubules that project into the extracellular medium of certain cells of invertebrates, protists, and higher organisms.
a) I and II are correct.
b) II and III are correct.
c) I and III are correct.
d) III and IV are correct.
a) It is an external envelope to the membrane composed of sugar molecules linked to proteins and lipids, forming glycoproteins and glycolipids. It is a characteristic exclusive to epithelial cells.
b) It is a structure composed of microtubules that project into the extracellular medium of certain cells of invertebrates, protists, and higher organisms. It originates from the elongation of nine microtubules of the centrioles.
c) It is an ultramicroscopic projection of the plasma membrane, in the form of glove fingers. It occurs on the free surface of the lining epithelium of the small intestine, in the contoured tubules of the kidneys, and in the follicular cells of the thyroid.
d) It is a lipid molecule that increases the properties of the lipid bilayer and, due to its rigid planar steroid rings, decreases mobility and makes the lipid bilayer less fluid.
I - The glicocálix is a characteristic exclusive to epithelial cells.
II - The microvilli are short and numerous projections that occur on the free surface of the lining epithelium of the small intestine, in the contoured tubules of the kidneys, and in the follicular cells of the thyroid.
III - The cilia and flagella are structures composed of microtubules that project into the extracellular medium of certain cells of invertebrates, protists, and higher organisms. They originate from the elongation of nine microtubules of the centrioles.
IV - The glicocálix is a structure composed of microtubules that project into the extracellular medium of certain cells of invertebrates, protists, and higher organisms.
a) I and II are correct.
b) II and III are correct.
c) I and III are correct.
d) III and IV are correct.
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Ed 
A alternativa correta é a letra "c". O glicocálix é uma projeção ultramicroscópica da membrana plasmática, em forma de dedos de luva, que ocorre na superfície livre do epitélio de revestimento do intestino delgado, nos túbulos contorcidos dos rins e nas células foliculares da tireoide. Suas funções incluem proteção mecânica, absorção de nutrientes, reconhecimento celular e defesa contra patógenos. As outras alternativas apresentam informações incorretas sobre o glicocálix, microtúbulos, microvilosidades e lipídios.
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