Segurança na Mineração

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Engineering Division
COURSE: MINING ENGINEERING
Subject: English IV
Class A
Level: 2rd Year
Shift: Daytime
SAFETY AT MINE
Tete, September 2021
Student:
Manuel Mariano Da Costa Raposo
SAFETY AT MINE
Investigative work, as part of the English IV course evaluation, for the Mining Engineering course. With Helena Namaripa Victor as moderator
Tete, January 2021
Índice
1.	Introduce	1
2.	Safety at mine	2
3.	Safety measures at mine	2
iv.	Organization	3
4.	Factors Affecting safety at mine	3
5.	Conclusion	5
6.	Bibliography	6
1. Introduce 
The accident rate in the mining industry is relatively higher than the accident rate in other activities performed here. According to social security data, compared to the general picture, the mining industry is where the most fatal accidents occur.
The mining industry presents physical risks, such as landslides, rock rolling, explosions, which are the main causes of death. Disability, partial or permanent, is due to falls, excessive physical exertion, collision with machines, inhalation of dust, among others.
2. Safety at mine
Safety at mine is a broad term referring to the practice of controlling and managing a wide range of hazards associated with the life cycle of mining-related activities. Safety at mine practice involves the implementation of recognized hazard controls and/or reduction of risks associated with mining activities to legally, socially and morally acceptable levels. While the fundamental principle of mine safety is to remove health and safety risks to mine workers, mining safety practice may also focus on the reduction of risks to plant (machinery) together with the structure and orebody of the mine
The primary purpose of the work health and safety laws and regulations is to set out the minimum requirements for workplaces to ensure that people are not injured because of the work they do or by the work activities of a business or undertaking.
3. Safety measures at mine
i. Maintenance
Periodic maintenance must be carried out on operational equipment, allowing control and detection of possible problems. A general inspection can also be carried out every day before starting work.
ii. Signaling
All areas must be signposted, both in the circulation area and in work areas and material deposits. In the communication system, mines must adopt sound signals to indicate various situations, there may also be light signals, these codes must be in a visible place of easy access to all workers. These signals must be accompanied by a return to prove that the receiver received the message correctly.
Signaling devices must always be in good condition and replaced when necessary.
iii. Flammable materials: explosives and others
There must be signs of very dangerous places, and maximum care must be taken, Toxic and corrosive materials must be marked and stored in a safe place, there must be special care with information on drums, pots and deposits so that there is no change or loss of labeling, to obtain appropriate information.
iv. Organization
Every workplace must be organized for work To have a good performance, all tools must be in good working order to reduce the risk of accidents. Access to confined places must be restricted, with only really authorized people staying in these places.
v. Electrical Installations
They must be designed and executed by qualified professionals, and cannot be changed without consulting the safety project. Electrical equipment must always be observed, such as cables, wires, boxes and others, to prevent something from going wrong, also when possible to work with circuit off. These circuits must be protected from moisture, rain and others, live parts must always be insulated, the high voltage network must be away from the environmental area.
vi. Emergency exits
Mines must have at least two emergency exits, easily accessible to all workers and without interruptions, duly signposted. Workers must also receive first aid training in case of an accident.
vii. Detonations
The people who carry out this type of work must be highly qualified. There must first be a complete study of the soil conditions in order to detect possible landslides. At the time of detonation, all workers must be warned and must always be on alert.
viii. Fire and explosions
The mining company must have a fire brigade, with proper training, always on the lookout for emergencies. This training must be given by the fire department at the request of the company. You should always be concerned about the accumulation of gases, the place must be well ventilated, with a continuous renewal of air, smoking must be prohibited in that place and this rule must always be obeyed. Employees will also be trained in the handling of fire extinguishers, which must be in sufficient number and class of fire to be extinguished, with appropriate signs.
4. Factors Affecting safety at mine
i. Mining Labor Shortages
During these labor shortages that inevitably arise due to the ebb and flow of industry demand, it’s important to partner with an experienced workforce provider with a talent pool large enough to withstand global labor shortages. 
ii. Mental Health
This can stretch workers’ mental health, especially in a time like this.” To be at their best, miners need to be in a fit mental and emotional state as well as physical. Mining companies should be willing to pay for resources such as counseling if it means keeping their teams healthy and able to work at top productivity. 
iii. Proper Implementation of Mine Safety Appliances and Equipment 
Procedures must be consistently followed each day — from leaders and engineers to crews, each team member must fully embed new safety habits into their daily routines and hold each other accountable. Everyone must participate! 
iv. Complacency and Culture
Complacency is simply not an option. Vigilance must be a vital part of your team’s culture. From completing thorough risk assessments and reporting all near misses to taking note of all potential hazards, safety must always be on the mind, even during busy shifts or when your team is fighting fatigue. Are there disciplinary actions in place for unsafe behavior? Your project must promote a culture that safety takes a top priority in every situation.
5. Conclusion 
Mining is, in fact, very important for society and for the country's economy, so it is necessary to make the right investments in this area. The mining industry entrepreneur must know the advantages of keeping employees in full health, knowing the very high costs of work accidents.
With so many risks involving the mining activity, awareness is needed, both on the part of the employee and the employer.
It is necessary that entrepreneurs working in the mining industry have the resources to meet the health and safety needs of their employees.
6. Bibliography
Nineness, John (2019-05-08). "What is mining safety?". Australian Mine Safety Journal
"CDC - NIOSH Publications and Products - Current Intelligence Bulletin 62: Asbestos Fibers and Other Elongated Meneral Particles: State of Science and Roadmap for Research". www.cdc.gov. Recovered 2017-02-13 .
 Kertes, N. (March 1996). Counting abandoned mines in the US is still a mystery - report by the General Accounting Office. American Metal Market, Retrieved August 27, 2007, [6]
 People, Land and Water (March 2007). DO NOT ENTER! Old Mines Are Dangerous. Office of Surface Mining: US Department of the Interior.
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