Atividade Eq. Ácido-Base

Prévia do material em texto

3. Utilizando um software de planilha eletrônica construa os gráficos de espécies 
para os seguintes ácidos. 
(a) ácido cítrico (Ka1 = 7,44x10-4; Ka2 = 1,73x10-5; Ka3 = 4,02x10-7). 
 
α0 = [𝐻+]3 / [𝐻+]3 + Ka1[𝐻+]2 + Ka1Ka2[𝐻+] + Ka1Ka2Ka3 
α1 = Ka1[𝐻+]2 / [𝐻+]3 + Ka1[𝐻+]2 + Ka1Ka2[𝐻+] + Ka1Ka2Ka3 
α2 = Ka1Ka2[𝐻+] / [𝐻+]3 + Ka1[𝐻+]2 + Ka1Ka2[𝐻+] + Ka1Ka2Ka3 
α3 = Ka1Ka2Ka3 / [𝐻+]3 + Ka1[𝐻+]2 + Ka1Ka2[𝐻+] + Ka1Ka2Ka3 
 
pH [H+] Ka1 Ka2 Ka3 α0 α1 α2 α3 [H3A] [H2A-] [HA2-] [A3-] 
1 1E-01 7,44E-04 1,73E-05 4,02E-07 9,93E-01 7,39E-03 1,28E-06 5,14E-12 9,93E-01 7,39E-03 9,51E-09 4,92E-20 
2 1E-02 7,44E-04 1,73E-05 4,02E-07 9,31E-01 6,92E-02 1,20E-04 4,82E-09 9,31E-01 6,92E-02 8,91E-06 4,61E-14 
3 1E-03 7,44E-04 1,73E-05 4,02E-07 5,69E-01 4,23E-01 7,33E-03 2,95E-06 5,70E-01 4,24E-01 5,46E-03 2,83E-08 
4 1E-04 7,44E-04 1,73E-05 4,02E-07 1,03E-01 7,64E-01 1,32E-01 5,32E-04 5,54E-02 4,12E-01 5,30E-01 2,74E-03 
5 1E-05 7,44E-04 1,73E-05 4,02E-07 4,78E-03 3,55E-01 6,15E-01 2,47E-02 1,69E-05 1,26E-03 1,62E-01 8,37E-01 
6 1E-06 7,44E-04 1,73E-05 4,02E-07 5,32E-05 3,96E-02 6,85E-01 2,75E-01 2,02E-11 1,50E-08 1,93E-04 1,00E+00 
7 1E-07 7,44E-04 1,73E-05 4,02E-07 1,55E-07 1,15E-03 1,99E-01 8,00E-01 2,02E-17 1,50E-13 1,93E-07 1,00E+00 
8 1E-08 7,44E-04 1,73E-05 4,02E-07 1,89E-10 1,40E-05 2,43E-02 9,76E-01 2,02E-23 1,50E-18 1,93E-10 1,00E+00 
9 1E-09 7,44E-04 1,73E-05 4,02E-07 1,93E-13 1,43E-07 2,48E-03 9,98E-01 2,02E-29 1,50E-23 1,93E-13 1,00E+00 
10 1E-10 7,44E-04 1,73E-05 4,02E-07 1,93E-16 1,44E-09 2,49E-04 1,00E+00 2,02E-35 1,50E-28 1,93E-16 1,00E+00 
11 1E-11 7,44E-04 1,73E-05 4,02E-07 1,93E-19 1,44E-11 2,49E-05 1,00E+00 2,02E-41 1,50E-33 1,93E-19 1,00E+00 
12 1E-12 7,44E-04 1,73E-05 4,02E-07 1,93E-22 1,44E-13 2,49E-06 1,00E+00 2,02E-47 1,50E-38 1,93E-22 1,00E+00 
13 1E-13 7,44E-04 1,73E-05 4,02E-07 1,93E-25 1,44E-15 2,49E-07 1,00E+00 2,02E-53 1,50E-43 1,93E-25 1,00E+00 
14 1E-14 7,44E-04 1,73E-05 4,02E-07 1,93E-28 1,44E-17 2,49E-08 1,00E+00 2,02E-59 1,50E-48 1,93E-28 1,00E+00 
 
 
 
 
-2,00E-01
0,00E+00
2,00E-01
4,00E-01
6,00E-01
8,00E-01
1,00E+00
1,20E+00
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
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[H3A] [H2A-] [HA2-] [A3-]
(b) alanina (Ka1 = 4,49x10-3; Ka2 = 1,36x10-10) 
 
α0 = [𝐻+]2/ [𝐻+]2 + Ka1[𝐻+] + Ka1Ka2 
α1 = Ka1[𝐻+] / [H+]2 + Ka1[H+] + Ka1Ka2 
α2 = Ka1Ka2 / [H+]2 + Ka1[H+] + Ka1Ka2 
 
 
pH [H+] Ka1 Ka2 α0 α1 α2 [H2A] [HA-] [A2-] 
1 1,00E-01 4,49E-03 1,36E-10 9,57E-01 4,30E-02 5,84E-11 9,57E-01 4,30E-02 2,62E-12 
2 1,00E-02 4,49E-03 1,36E-10 6,90E-01 3,10E-01 4,21E-09 6,90E-01 3,10E-01 1,89E-09 
3 1,00E-03 4,49E-03 1,36E-10 1,82E-01 8,18E-01 1,11E-07 1,82E-01 8,18E-01 4,99E-07 
4 1,00E-04 4,49E-03 1,36E-10 2,18E-02 9,78E-01 1,33E-06 2,18E-02 9,78E-01 5,97E-05 
5 1,00E-05 4,49E-03 1,36E-10 2,22E-03 9,98E-01 1,36E-05 2,21E-03 9,92E-01 6,06E-03 
6 1,00E-06 4,49E-03 1,36E-10 2,23E-04 1,00E+00 1,36E-04 1,38E-04 6,21E-01 3,79E-01 
7 1,00E-07 4,49E-03 1,36E-10 2,22E-05 9,99E-01 1,36E-03 3,59E-07 1,61E-02 9,84E-01 
8 1,00E-08 4,49E-03 1,36E-10 2,20E-06 9,87E-01 1,34E-02 3,65E-10 1,64E-04 1,00E+00 
9 1,00E-09 4,49E-03 1,36E-10 1,96E-07 8,80E-01 1,20E-01 3,65E-13 1,64E-06 1,00E+00 
10 1,00E-10 4,49E-03 1,36E-10 9,44E-09 4,24E-01 5,76E-01 3,65E-16 1,64E-08 1,00E+00 
11 1,00E-11 4,49E-03 1,36E-10 1,53E-10 6,85E-02 9,32E-01 3,65E-19 1,64E-10 1,00E+00 
12 1,00E-12 4,49E-03 1,36E-10 1,63E-12 7,30E-03 9,93E-01 3,65E-22 1,64E-12 1,00E+00 
13 1,00E-13 4,49E-03 1,36E-10 1,64E-14 7,35E-04 9,99E-01 3,65E-25 1,64E-14 1,00E+00 
14 1,00E-14 4,49E-03 1,36E-10 1,64E-16 7,35E-05 1,00E+00 3,65E-28 1,64E-16 1,00E+00 
 
 
-2,00E-01
0,00E+00
2,00E-01
4,00E-01
6,00E-01
8,00E-01
1,00E+00
1,20E+00
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
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PH
[H2A] [HA-] [A2-]