Complete English Grammar Rules_ Examples, Exceptions, Exercises, and Everything You Need to Master Proper Grammar ( PDFDrive )-264

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Phrasal	Verbs
Definition
Phrasal	verbs	are	verb	phrases	that	have	idiomatic	meanings—that	is,	their
meaning	is	not	obvious	from	the	individual	words	that	make	up	the	phrase.
Because	of	this,	we	have	to	learn	what	they	mean	by	understanding	them	in
context.
In	this	section,	we’ll	look	at	how	phrasal	verbs	are	formed	and	how	they	are
distinct	from	prepositional	verbs,	and	then	look	at	a	list	of	common	phrasal	verb
examples.
Constructing	Phrasal	Verbs	–
Particles	vs.	Prepositions
Phrasal	verbs	are	made	up	of	a	verb	+	a	preposition	or	an	adverbial	particle,
and	their	meaning	is	uniquely	tied	to	each	particular	combination.
A	particle	is	very	similar	to	a	preposition—in	fact,	they	are	almost	always
identical	in	appearance.	(There	are	a	few	words	that	will	only	function	as
particles	in	verb	phrases:	away,	back,	out,	backward,	forward,	upward,	and
downward.)
However,	particles	are	used	more	like	adverbs,	modifying	and	uniquely
expanding	the	meaning	of	the	verbs	they	are	paired	with.	For	this	reason,
particles	are	sometimes	referred	to	as	adverbial	particles,	or	even	just	adverbs.
The	key	difference	between	particles	and	prepositions,	however,	is	that	particles
do	not	(and	cannot)	introduce	a	prepositional	phrase,	while	the	preposition	in	a
phrasal	verb	always	will.
Below,	we’ll	look	at	some	examples	of	phrasal	verbs	that	use	particles,
prepositions,	and	combinations	of	both.
Particle	Phrasal	Verbs
•	“My	table	takes	up	too	much	room.”	(The	table	occupies	too	much	space.)
Takes	up	is	made	up	of	the	verb	take	+	up.	Up	changes	the	meaning	of	the	verb,
but	it	does	not	introduce	a	prepositional	phrase	expressing	direction,	location,