<div id="pf1" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="1"><div class="pc pc1 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/f7ca02de-8afe-404d-a832-21e0e4e10751/bg1.png"><div class="c x1 y1 w2 h0"><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">CONCEPT<span class="blank _0"> </span>OS Q<span class="blank _1"></span>UE DEBEMOS TENER CLARO<span class="blank _1"></span>S :) <span class="ff2 sc1 ws0">\ue601\uf010<span class="blank _2"></span><span class="fc1 sc2">\uf011<span class="blank _2"></span><span class="fc2 sc3">\uf012<span class="blank _2"></span><span class="fc0 sc1 ls0">\uf013<span class="ff1 sc0 ls5 ws5"> </span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y3 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws5">Carcin<span class="blank _1"></span>oma <span class="blank _1"></span>d<span class="blank _1"></span>e mama<span class="blank _1"></span> </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y4 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws5">Prolif<span class="blank _1"></span>erac<span class="blank _1"></span>ión <span class="blank _3"></span>incontr<span class="blank _1"></span>o<span class="blank _1"></span>lad<span class="blank _1"></span>a <span class="blank _4"></span>de <span class="blank _4"></span>c<span class="blank _1"></span>élu<span class="blank _1"></span>las <span class="blank _4"></span>en <span class="blank _4"></span>el <span class="blank _4"></span>tej<span class="blank _1"></span>ido <span class="blank _3"></span>mamario.<span class="blank _1"></span> <span class="blank _4"></span>Se <span class="blank _3"></span>estadif<span class="blank _1"></span>ica <span class="blank _3"></span>en <span class="blank _4"></span>4 <span class="blank _4"></span>et<span class="blank _1"></span>apas:<span class="blank _4"></span> </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y5 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws5">En la etapa I, el tumor mide menos de 20 mm <span class="blank _0"> </span>y está localizado en solo uno de los </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y6 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">senos. <span class="blank _5"> </span>En <span class="blank _5"> </span>la <span class="blank _5"> </span>etapa <span class="blank _5"> </span>II <span class="blank _5"> </span>el <span class="blank _5"> </span>tumor <span class="blank _5"> </span>es <span class="blank _5"> </span>meno<span class="blank _0"> </span>r <span class="blank _5"> </span>a <span class="blank _5"> </span>50 <span class="blank _5"> </span>mm <span class="blank _5"> </span>y <span class="blank _5"> </span>puede <span class="blank _5"> </span>existir <span class="blank _5"> </span>una<span class="blank _0"> </span> <span class="blank _5"> </span>invasió<span class="blank _0"> </span>n <span class="blank _5"> </span>de </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y7 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">células <span class="blank _6"> </span>cancerosas <span class="blank _0"> </span>en <span class="blank _6"> </span>los <span class="blank _0"> </span>nódulos <span class="blank _0"> </span>linfáticos <span class="blank _5"> </span>axi<span class="blank _1"></span>lares <span class="blank _6"> </span>o <span class="blank _6"> </span>cercanos a<span class="blank _0"> </span>l <span class="blank _0"> </span>tejido <span class="blank _0"> </span>mama<span class="blank _0"> </span>rio. </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y8 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">En <span class="blank _5"> </span>l<span class="blank _0"> </span>a <span class="blank _5"> </span>etapa <span class="blank _7"> </span>III<span class="blank _1"></span>, <span class="blank _5"> </span>el <span class="blank _7"> </span>tumor <span class="blank _5"> </span>ha <span class="blank _7"> </span>alcanzado <span class="blank _5"> </span>un <span class="blank _5"> </span>tamaño <span class="blank _7"> </span>mayor <span class="blank _5"> </span>que <span class="blank _5"> </span>50<span class="blank _0"> </span> <span class="blank _5"> </span>mm <span class="blank _5"> </span>y <span class="blank _5"> </span>las <span class="blank _7"> </span>células </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y9 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws5">canceros<span class="blank _4"></span>as <span class="blank _0"> </span>han <span class="blank _0"> </span>invadido los <span class="blank _0"> </span>nódul<span class="blank _1"></span>os linfáticos axilar<span class="blank _4"></span>es <span class="blank _0"> </span>y/o <span class="blank _0"> </span>otr<span class="blank _1"></span>os <span class="blank _0"> </span>nódulos <span class="blank _0"> </span>linfát<span class="blank _1"></span>ic<span class="blank _1"></span>os <span class="blank _1"></span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 ya ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">cercano<span class="blank _0"> </span>s, <span class="blank _8"> </span>también <span class="blank _8"> </span>es <span class="blank _9"> </span>posible <span class="blank _8"> </span>que <span class="blank _9"> </span>existan <span class="blank _8"> </span>más <span class="blank _8"> </span>tumores <span class="blank _a"> </span>en <span class="blank _8"> </span>o<span class="blank _0"> </span>tras <span class="blank _8"> </span>áreas <span class="blank _8"> </span>de<span class="blank _0"> </span>l <span class="blank _8"> </span>tejido </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 yb ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">mamario<span class="blank _0"> </span>. <span class="blank _4"></span>La <span class="blank _1"></span>etapa <span class="blank _4"></span>IV, <span class="blank _4"></span>es<span class="blank _0"> </span> <span class="blank _4"></span>cu<span class="blank _0"> </span>ando<span class="blank _0"> </span> <span class="blank _4"></span>el <span class="blank _1"></span>CM <span class="blank _4"></span>ha <span class="blank _1"></span>hecho <span class="blank _4"></span>metástasis <span class="blank _4"></span>a<span class="blank _0"> </span> <span class="blank _4"></span>otros <span class="blank _1"></span>órganos, <span class="blank _4"></span>co<span class="blank _0"> </span>mo<span class="blank _0"> </span> </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 yc ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">pulmones, nódulos linfáticos, piel, hígado, cerebro o hueso<span class="blank _6"> </span>.<span class="blank _1"></span> </div><div class="t m0 x0 h2 yd ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">Factores de riesgo </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 ye ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">El <span class="blank _5"> </span>e<span class="blank _0"> </span>stilo <span class="blank _7"> </span>de <span class="blank _7"> </span>vida <span class="blank _5"> </span>(pri<span class="blank _0"> </span>mer <span class="blank _5"> </span>e<span class="blank _0"> </span>m<span class="blank _1"></span>barazo <span class="blank _5"> </span>a <span class="blank _7"> </span>edad <span class="blank _5"> </span>a<span class="blank _0"> </span>vanzada, <span class="blank _5"> </span>o<span class="blank _0"> </span>besidad, <span class="blank _6"> </span>i<span class="blank _0"> </span>nactivi<span class="blank _6"> </span>dad <span class="blank _7"> </span>física, </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 yf ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws5">consumo <span class="blank _b"> </span>de <span class="blank _b"> </span>alcohol <span class="blank _b"> </span>y <span class="blank _c"> </span>tabaco)<span class="blank _1"></span>; <span class="blank _c"> </span>fact<span class="blank _1"></span>ores<span class="blank _1"></span> <span class="blank _b"> </span>ambienta<span class="blank _1"></span>les <span class="blank _b"> </span>(exposic<span class="blank _1"></span>ión <span class="blank _b"> </span>a <span class="blank _c"> </span>radi<span class="blank _1"></span>ació<span class="blank _1"></span>n </div><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y10 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws5">ioniz<span class="blank _1"></span>ante,<span class="blank _1"></span> <span class="blank _1"></span>tur<span class="blank _1"></span>nos de <span class="blank _1"></span>t<span class="blank _1"></span>raba<span class="blank _1"></span>jo <span class="blank _1"></span>noctur<span class="blank _4"></span>nos y <span class="blank _1"></span>exposic<span class="blank _4"></span>ión a dis<span class="blank _1"></span>r<span class="blank _1"></span>uptor<span class="blank _1"></span>es <span class="blank _1"></span>en<span class="blank _1"></span>dócri<span class="blank _1"></span>nos.<span class="ff1 ls5"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y11 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">Aféresis </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y12 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws5">Técnic<span class="blank _1"></span>a <span class="blank _b"> </span>media<span class="blank _1"></span>nt<span class="blank _1"></span>e <span class="blank _b"> </span>la <span class="blank _b"> </span>cual <span class="blank _b"> </span>s<span class="blank _1"></span>e <span class="blank _b"> </span>separan <span class="blank"> </span>los <span class="blank _b"> </span>compon<span class="blank _1"></span>entes <span class="blank"> </span>de <span class="blank _b"> </span>la<span class="blank _6"> </span> sangre,<span class="blank _1"></span> <span class="blank _b"> </span>sien<span class="blank _4"></span>do </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y13 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">selecciona<span class="blank _0"> </span>dos <span class="blank _4"></span>los <span class="blank _4"></span>n<span class="blank _0"> </span>ecesarios <span class="blank _4"></span>p<span class="blank _0"> </span>ara <span class="blank _1"></span>su <span class="blank _4"></span>apli<span class="blank _0"> </span>cació<span class="blank _1"></span>n <span class="blank _4"></span>en<span class="blank _0"> </span> medi<span class="blank _0"> </span>cina<span class="blank _0"> </span> y <span class="blank _4"></span>devueltos <span class="blank _4"></span>a<span class="blank _0"> </span>l <span class="blank _4"></span>torre<span class="blank _0"> </span>nte </div><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y14 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws5">sanguíne<span class="blank _4"></span>o el rest<span class="blank _1"></span>o <span class="blank _1"></span>de c<span class="blank _1"></span>om<span class="blank _1"></span>pon<span class="blank _1"></span>entes<span class="blank _1"></span>.<span class="ff1 ls5"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y15 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">Electroporación </div><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y16 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls3 ws1">La<span class="ls5 ws5"> <span class="ff1 ws2">electroporación</span> o <span class="ff1 ws2">electropermeabili<span class="blank _1"></span>zación<span class="ff3 ls1 ws5"> es <span class="blank _8"> </span>un <span class="blank _8"> </span>signif<span class="blank _1"></span>icativ<span class="blank _1"></span>o <span class="blank _8"> </span>aum<span class="blank _1"></span>ent<span class="blank _1"></span>o <span class="blank _8"> </span>de <span class="blank _8"> </span>la<span class="blank _1"></span> </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y17 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws5">conduct<span class="blank _1"></span>iv<span class="blank _1"></span>idad <span class="blank _d"> </span>eléc<span class="blank _1"></span>tr<span class="blank _1"></span>ica <span class="blank _d"> </span>y <span class="blank _d"> </span>la <span class="blank _d"> </span>permeabilid<span class="blank _4"></span>ad<span class="blank _6"> </span> <span class="blank _d"> </span>de <span class="blank _e"> </span>la membr<span class="blank _1"></span>an<span class="blank _1"></span>a </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y18 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">plasmá<span class="blank _0"> </span>tic<span class="blank _1"></span>a celular<span class="blank _0"> </span> causado <span class="blank _b"> </span>por <span class="blank _f"> </span>un <span class="blank _f"> </span>ca<span class="blank _0"> </span>mpo <span class="blank _f"> </span>eléctrico <span class="blank _b"> </span>apli<span class="blank _0"> </span>cado <span class="blank _f"> </span>externamente. <span class="blank _f"> </span>Es<span class="blank _0"> </span> </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y19 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws5">habitu<span class="blank _1"></span>al <span class="blank _4"></span>en biolo<span class="blank _1"></span>gí<span class="blank _1"></span>a <span class="blank _4"></span>molecular <span class="blank _1"></span>como <span class="blank _4"></span>forma <span class="blank _4"></span>de <span class="blank _1"></span>in<span class="blank _1"></span>tr<span class="blank _1"></span>oducció<span class="blank _1"></span>n <span class="blank _4"></span>de <span class="blank _1"></span>difer<span class="blank _1"></span>entes<span class="blank _1"></span> <span class="blank _1"></span>sus<span class="blank _1"></span>tanc<span class="blank _4"></span>ias </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y1a ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">en <span class="blank _0"> </span>célul<span class="blank _0"> </span>as, co<span class="blank _0"> </span>mo p<span class="blank _0"> </span>or e<span class="blank _0"> </span>jemplo<span class="blank _0"> </span> sondas mo<span class="blank _0"> </span>leculares, un<span class="blank _0"> </span> fármaco que<span class="blank _0"> </span> pu<span class="blank _0"> </span>ede <span class="blank _0"> </span>camb<span class="blank _0"> </span>iar </div><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y1b ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws3">las<span class="ls5 ws5"> funciones celulares o un f<span class="blank _1"></span>ragmento de<span class="blank _0"> </span> DNA codificante.<span class="ff1"> </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y1c ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">Prese<span class="blank _0"> </span>ntaci<span class="blank _1"></span>ón <span class="blank _1"></span>cruzada de antígeno<span class="blank _0"> </span> </div><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y1d ff3 fs0 fc3 sc0 ls3 ws1">La<span class="ls5 ws5"> <span class="ff1">presentación <span class="blank _10"> </span>cruzada<span class="blank _0"> </span></span> o <span class="ff1">primado <span class="blank _10"> </span>cruzado</span> (denominada <span class="blank _11"> </span>cross-p<span class="blank _0"> </span>riming <span class="blank _10"> </span>en<span class="blank _0"> </span> </span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y1e ff3 fs0 fc3 sc0 ls5 ws5">inglés) <span class="blank _0"> </span>es u<span class="blank _0"> </span>n <span class="blank _0"> </span>tipo <span class="blank _0"> </span>específico <span class="blank _0"> </span>de<span class="blank _0"> </span> <span class="ff1">prese<span class="blank _0"> </span>ntación a<span class="blank _0"> </span>ntigén<span class="blank _1"></span>ica<span class="ff3 ls1"> por la cual algunos tipos </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y1f ff3 fs0 fc3 sc0 ls3 ws5">de <span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="ls5">células <span class="blank _5"> </span>presentado<span class="blank _0"> </span>r<span class="blank _1"></span>as <span class="blank _6"> </span>de<span class="blank _0"> </span> <span class="blank _6"> </span>an<span class="blank _0"> </span>tígeno <span class="blank _6"> </span>(en <span class="blank _5"> </span>su <span class="blank _6"> </span>ma<span class="blank _0"> </span>yoría <span class="blank _6"> </span>cé<span class="blank _0"> </span>lulas <span class="blank _6"> </span>de<span class="blank _0"> </span>ndríticas) <span class="blank _6"> </span>pue<span class="blank _0"> </span>den<span class="blank _1"></span> </span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y20 ff3 fs0 fc3 sc0 ls5 ws5">capturar <span class="blank _12"> </span>mediante <span class="fc0 ls1 ws4">fagocitos<span class="blank _4"></span>is<span class="fc3 ls5 ws5"> o <span class="fc0 ws2">macropinoci<span class="blank _0"> </span>tosis</span> células <span class="blank _12"> </span>infectadas <span class="blank _12"> </span>por <span class="blank _12"> </span>virus <span class="blank _13"> </span>o </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y21 ff3 fs0 fc3 sc0 ls5 ws5">células <span class="blank _14"> </span>tumorales, <span class="blank _14"> </span>proc<span class="blank _1"></span>esarlas <span class="blank _14"> </span>y <span class="blank _14"> </span>pr<span class="blank _1"></span>esentar <span class="blank _15"> </span>sus <span class="blank _15"> </span>a<span class="blank _0"> </span>ntígenos <span class="blank _15"> </span>a<span class="blank _6"> </span> <span class="ff1">linfo<span class="blank _1"></span>citos <span class="blank _15"> </span>T </span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h4 y22 ff1 fs0 fc3 sc0 ls2 ws3">CD8<span class="fs1 ls3 v1">+</span><span class="ls5 ws5"> citotóxi<span class="blank _1"></span>cos<span class="ff3"> mediante <span class="blank _13"> </span>e<span class="blank _0"> </span>l </span>sistema CMH<span class="blank _0"> </span>-I<span class="ff3">.<span class="blank _1"></span> <span class="blank _13"> </span>Hay <span class="blank _13"> </span>qu<span class="blank _0"> </span>e <span class="blank _13"> </span>reco<span class="blank _0"> </span>rdar <span class="blank _13"> </span>que <span class="blank _13"> </span>las <span class="blank _13"> </span>CD </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h5 y23 ff3 fs0 fc3 sc0 ls5 ws5">presen<span class="blank _0"> </span>tan <span class="blank _16"> </span>principal<span class="blank _0"> </span>m<span class="blank _1"></span>ente <span class="blank _17"> </span>MHC<span class="blank _0"> </span>-II <span class="blank _16"> </span>y <span class="blank _17"> </span>activan <span class="blank _17"> </span>LT <span class="blank _16"> </span>CD4<span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fs1 ls3 v1">+</span><span class="ls1">, <span class="blank _16"> </span>pero <span class="blank _16"> </span>con <span class="blank _16"> </span>la <span class="blank _16"> </span>present<span class="blank _1"></span>aci<span class="blank _4"></span>ón </span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 y24 ff3 fs0 fc3 sc0 ls5 ws5">cruzada<span class="blank _0"> </span> pueden expresar <span class="blank _1"></span>MHC<span class="blank _0"> </span>-II para también activar a los LT CD8<span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fs1 ls4 v1">+</span><span class="ws2">.<span class="blank _1"></span><span class="ff1 fc0 ws5"> </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y25 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5"> </div><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y26 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5"> </div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf2" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="2"><div class="pc pc2 w0 h0"><img class="bi x2 y27 w3 h7" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/f7ca02de-8afe-404d-a832-21e0e4e10751/bg2.png"><div class="c x1 y1 w2 h0"><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y28 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">Cómo medir el vo<span class="blank _1"></span>lumen del tumor<span class="blank _0"> </span> </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y29 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">El <span class="blank _7"> </span>cre<span class="blank _0"> </span>cimien<span class="blank _0"> </span>to <span class="blank _7"> </span>de<span class="blank _0"> </span> <span class="blank _7"> </span>los <span class="blank _8"> </span>tumores <span class="blank _8"> </span>fue <span class="blank _7"> </span>mo<span class="blank _0"> </span>nitoreado<span class="blank _1"></span> <span class="blank _7"> </span>3 <span class="blank _8"> </span>veces <span class="blank _7"> </span>p<span class="blank _0"> </span>or <span class="blank _7"> </span>se<span class="blank _0"> </span>mana. <span class="blank _8"> </span>Se <span class="blank _7"> </span>mid<span class="blank _0"> </span>ió <span class="blank _8"> </span>el </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y2a ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">ancho<span class="blank _0"> </span> (A) y largo (L) de los t<span class="blank _1"></span>umores con un cali<span class="blank _1"></span>brado<span class="blank _0"> </span>r Ver<span class="blank _1"></span>nier. </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y2b ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">Los <span class="blank _17"> </span>ratones <span class="blank _16"> </span>se <span class="blank _17"> </span>sacrificaron <span class="blank _16"> </span>po<span class="blank _0"> </span>r<span class="blank _1"></span> <span class="blank _16"> </span>sob<span class="blank _0"> </span>redosis <span class="blank _16"> </span>de <span class="blank _16"> </span>pen<span class="blank _0"> </span>to<span class="blank _1"></span>barbital <span class="blank _17"> </span>(150 <span class="blank _16"> </span>mg/kg) <span class="blank _16"> </span>o <span class="blank _17"> </span>por </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y2c ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">inhalación de <span class="blank _1"></span>CO2 <span class="blank _1"></span>y <span class="blank _4"></span>l<span class="blank _0"> </span>uego<span class="blank _0"> </span> <span class="blank _1"></span>se <span class="blank _1"></span>realizaba una d<span class="blank _1"></span>islocación <span class="blank _4"></span>ce<span class="blank _0"> </span>rvical, posteriormente <span class="blank _1"></span>l<span class="blank _1"></span>os </div><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y2d ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">tumores fueron<span class="blank _0"> </span> recolectados,<span class="blank _1"></span> medidos y pesados.<span class="ff1"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y2e ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">Precurs<span class="blank _0"> </span>or<span class="blank _1"></span>es de las CD </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y2f ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws5">Las <span class="blank _0"> </span>CD <span class="blank _0"> </span>se <span class="blank _0"> </span>or<span class="blank _1"></span>igi<span class="blank _1"></span>nan <span class="blank _0"> </span>a partir de <span class="blank _0"> </span>un <span class="blank _0"> </span>precurs<span class="blank _4"></span>or <span class="blank _0"> </span>hemat<span class="blank _1"></span>opoyét<span class="blank _1"></span>ic<span class="blank _1"></span>o,<span class="blank _1"></span> <span class="blank _0"> </span>CD34+, que <span class="blank _0"> </span>da <span class="blank _0"> </span>lugar<span class="blank _4"></span> </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y30 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws5">a dos poblacio<span class="blank _4"></span>nes de <span class="blank _0"> </span>cél<span class="blank _1"></span>ulas pr<span class="blank _1"></span>ogen<span class="blank _1"></span>itor<span class="blank _1"></span>as,<span class="blank _1"></span> la poblac<span class="blank _1"></span>ión d<span class="blank _0"> </span>e tipo mielo<span class="blank _1"></span>ide l<span class="blank _1"></span>ocal<span class="blank _1"></span>izad<span class="blank _4"></span>a </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y31 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws5">en <span class="blank _a"> </span>la <span class="blank _16"> </span>m<span class="blank _1"></span>éd<span class="blank _1"></span>ula <span class="blank _a"> </span>ósea,<span class="blank _1"></span> <span class="blank _a"> </span>cordó<span class="blank _1"></span>n <span class="blank _a"> </span>umbi<span class="blank _1"></span>lica<span class="blank _1"></span>l <span class="blank _a"> </span>y <span class="blank _a"> </span>sangre <span class="blank _a"> </span>perif<span class="blank _1"></span>éric<span class="blank _1"></span>a <span class="blank _a"> </span>y, <span class="blank _a"> </span>la <span class="blank _a"> </span>població<span class="blank _4"></span>n <span class="blank _16"> </span>de <span class="blank _a"> </span>tipo<span class="blank _4"></span> </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y32 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws5">linfoi<span class="blank _1"></span>de present<span class="blank _1"></span>e en <span class="blank _6"> </span>el <span class="blank _0"> </span>timo.<span class="blank _1"></span> <span class="blank _0"> </span>Las <span class="blank _0"> </span>CD <span class="blank _0"> </span>mieloid<span class="blank _4"></span>es <span class="blank _0"> </span>(CDM) <span class="blank _0"> </span>provi<span class="blank _1"></span>enen <span class="blank _0"> </span>d<span class="blank _1"></span>el <span class="blank _0"> </span>precurs<span class="blank _4"></span>or <span class="blank _0"> </span>que </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y33 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">da <span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank _0"> </span>rigen <span class="blank"> </span>a <span class="blank"> </span>los <span class="blank _f"> </span>granulocitos <span class="blank"> </span>y <span class="blank"> </span>macrófagos. <span class="blank"> </span>En <span class="blank"> </span>dicho <span class="blank"> </span>pro<span class="blank _0"> </span>ceso, <span class="blank"> </span>es <span class="blank"> </span>esen<span class="blank _0"> </span>ci<span class="blank _0"> </span>al <span class="blank"> </span>la </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y34 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">participación <span class="blank _9"> </span>de<span class="blank _0"> </span> <span class="blank _9"> </span>factores <span class="blank _8"> </span>tal<span class="blank _0"> </span>es <span class="blank _9"> </span>como <span class="blank _9"> </span>GM<span class="blank _0"> </span>-CSF <span class="blank _8"> </span>(factor <span class="blank _9"> </span>estimu<span class="blank _0"> </span>lador <span class="blank _9"> </span>de <span class="blank _9"> </span>colonias <span class="blank _9"> </span>de </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y35 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">macrófago<span class="blank _0"> </span>s <span class="blank _1"></span>y <span class="blank _1"></span>gr<span class="blank _1"></span>anulocitos) <span class="blank _1"></span>y <span class="blank _1"></span>TNF <span class="blank _4"></span>(factor de <span class="blank _1"></span>necrosis <span class="blank _1"></span>t<span class="blank _1"></span>umoral<span class="blank _0"> </span>), <span class="blank _1"></span>l<span class="blank _1"></span>os <span class="blank _1"></span>cuales <span class="blank _1"></span>actúan <span class="blank _4"></span>e<span class="blank _0"> </span>n </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y36 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">el desa<span class="blank _0"> </span>rrollo de las CD y reclutamiento (migraci<span class="blank _1"></span>ón) de las cél<span class="blank _0"> </span>ulas progenitoras. Los </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y37 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">precurso<span class="blank _0"> </span>res <span class="blank _a"> </span>miel<span class="blank _0"> </span>oides, <span class="blank _a"> </span>mi<span class="blank _0"> </span>gran <span class="blank _a"> </span>a<span class="blank _0"> </span> <span class="blank _a"> </span>travé<span class="blank _0"> </span>s <span class="blank _a"> </span>d<span class="blank _0"> </span>el <span class="blank _16"> </span>torrente <span class="blank _a"> </span>sa<span class="blank _0"> </span>nguíneo <span class="blank _16"> </span>haci<span class="blank _1"></span>a <span class="blank _18"> </span>los <span class="blank _18"> </span>tejid<span class="blank _0"> </span>os </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y38 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">periféri<span class="blank _0"> </span>c<span class="blank _1"></span>os <span class="blank _1"></span>donde se <span class="blank _4"></span>d<span class="blank _0"> </span>iferencian, <span class="blank _4"></span>e<span class="blank _0"> </span>n <span class="blank _1"></span>presencia <span class="blank _1"></span>d<span class="blank _1"></span>e <span class="blank _1"></span>TG<span class="blank _1"></span>F-ß<span class="blank _0"> </span>, <span class="blank _1"></span>en <span class="blank _1"></span>célul<span class="blank _0"> </span>as <span class="blank _1"></span>de <span class="blank _4"></span>L<span class="blank _0"> </span>angerhans </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y39 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">(CL), <span class="blank _18"> </span>o<span class="blank _0"> </span> <span class="blank _18"> </span>e<span class="blank _0"> </span>n <span class="blank _16"> </span>células <span class="blank _18"> </span>intersticiales, <span class="blank _18"> </span>en <span class="blank _16"> </span>presencia <span class="blank _18"> </span>de <span class="blank _16"> </span>IL<span class="blank _0"> </span>-<span class="blank _0"> </span>4, <span class="blank _18"> </span>y <span class="blank _16"> </span>permanecen <span class="blank _16"> </span>en <span class="blank _16"> </span>forma </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y3a ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">"inmadura" hasta <span class="blank _4"></span>qu<span class="blank _0"> </span>e u<span class="blank _1"></span>n <span class="blank _1"></span>estímulo <span class="blank _4"></span>antigénico<span class="blank _0"> </span> <span class="blank _4"></span>in<span class="blank _0"> </span>duce <span class="blank _1"></span>su <span class="blank _1"></span>migración <span class="blank _4"></span>ha<span class="blank _0"> </span>cia <span class="blank _1"></span>l<span class="blank _1"></span>os <span class="blank _1"></span>órganos </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y3b ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">linfoides secundarios en los cuales adquieren c<span class="blank _1"></span>aracterísticas de células "maduras"<span class="blank _0"> </span>. </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y3c ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws5">Los <span class="blank _4"></span>proge<span class="blank _1"></span>nit<span class="blank _1"></span>ores <span class="blank _4"></span>de <span class="blank _4"></span>las <span class="blank _4"></span>CD <span class="blank _4"></span>li<span class="blank _1"></span>nf<span class="blank _1"></span>oid<span class="blank _1"></span>es <span class="blank _4"></span>(CDL),<span class="blank _1"></span> <span class="blank _4"></span>a <span class="blank _4"></span>difer<span class="blank _1"></span>enci<span class="blank _1"></span>a <span class="blank _4"></span>de <span class="blank _4"></span>las <span class="blank _4"></span>CD <span class="blank _4"></span>mielo<span class="blank _1"></span>ides,<span class="blank _1"></span> <span class="blank _4"></span>entr<span class="blank _1"></span>an<span class="blank _1"></span> </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y3d ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">al <span class="blank _4"></span>timo<span class="blank _0"> </span> <span class="blank _4"></span>pa<span class="blank _0"> </span>ra <span class="blank _4"></span>aloja<span class="blank _0"> </span>rs<span class="blank _1"></span>e <span class="blank _4"></span>y <span class="blank _1"></span>desarrollarse <span class="blank _1"></span>e<span class="blank _1"></span>n <span class="blank _4"></span>la <span class="blank _1"></span>médul<span class="blank _1"></span>a <span class="blank _4"></span>tímica, <span class="blank _4"></span>en<span class="blank _0"> </span> <span class="blank _4"></span>la <span class="blank _1"></span>unión <span class="blank _1"></span>corticomedular, </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y3e ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">o <span class="blank _6"> </span>vi<span class="blank _0"> </span>ajan <span class="blank _6"> </span>directamente, <span class="blank _6"> </span>hacia <span class="blank _6"> </span>l<span class="blank _0"> </span>os <span class="blank _0"> </span>ó<span class="blank _0"> </span>rganos <span class="blank _0"> </span>l<span class="blank _0"> </span>infoides <span class="blank _0"> </span>se<span class="blank _0"> </span>cundarios <span class="blank _6"> </span>y <span class="blank _6"> </span>se<span class="blank _0"> </span> <span class="blank _0"> </span>de<span class="blank _0"> </span>sarrollan <span class="blank _6"> </span>en </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y3f ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">CD baj<span class="blank _0"> </span>o la influencia de una combinación de la<span class="blank _1"></span>s siguien<span class="blank _0"> </span>tes citoc<span class="blank _1"></span>inas: TNF, I<span class="blank _1"></span>L<span class="blank _0"> </span>-1<span class="blank _0"> </span>, I<span class="blank _1"></span>L-</div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y40 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">3, <span class="blank _4"></span>IL-7, <span class="blank _4"></span>SC<span class="blank _0"> </span>F <span class="blank _4"></span>(factor <span class="blank _4"></span>estimul<span class="blank _0"> </span>ador <span class="blank _1"></span>de <span class="blank _4"></span>colonia), <span class="blank _4"></span>Flt3L <span class="blank _4"></span>(ligando <span class="blank _1"></span>d<span class="blank _1"></span>e <span class="blank _4"></span>Flt3) <span class="blank _4"></span>y <span class="blank _1"></span>CD40L <span class="blank _4"></span>(ligando </div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y41 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">de CD40). </div><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y42 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5">Vacuna autólo<span class="blank _1"></span>ga<span class="blank _0"> </span> </div><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y43 ff3 fs0 fc4 sc0 ls5 ws5">Se <span class="blank"> </span>sabe <span class="blank _17"> </span>q<span class="blank _0"> </span>ue <span class="blank"> </span>una <span class="ff1 ws2">vacuna</span> es <span class="blank _19"> </span>una <span class="blank"> </span>sustancia <span class="blank _17"> </span>ca<span class="blank _0"> </span>paz <span class="blank"> </span>de <span class="blank _17"> </span>p<span class="blank _0"> </span>rovocar <span class="blank"> </span>una <span class="blank"> </span>respuesta<span class="blank _1"></span> </div><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y44 ff3 fs0 fc4 sc0 ls5 ws5">inmune. <span class="blank _1a"> </span>De <span class="blank _1a"> </span>la<span class="blank _0"> </span> <span class="blank _1a"> </span>misma <span class="blank _1a"> </span>manera, <span class="blank _1a"> </span>una<span class="blank _0"> </span> <span class="ff1">v<span class="blank _1"></span>acuna <span class="blank _1a"> </span>autólo<span class="blank _1"></span>ga<span class="ff3 ls1"> corr<span class="blank _1"></span>esponde <span class="blank _1a"> </span>a <span class="blank _1"></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y45 ff3 fs0 fc4 sc0 ls3 ws1">una<span class="ls5 ws5"> <span class="ff1 ws2">vacuna</span> preparada <span class="blank _4"></span>a <span class="blank _1"></span>partir <span class="blank _4"></span>de <span class="blank _4"></span>comp<span class="blank _0"> </span>onentes <span class="blank _4"></span>del <span class="blank _4"></span>mismo<span class="blank _0"> </span> <span class="blank _4"></span>organi<span class="blank _0"> </span>sm<span class="blank _1"></span>o <span class="blank _4"></span>a <span class="blank _1"></span>ser <span class="blank _4"></span>tratado.<span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="ff1 fc0"> </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y46 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws5"> </div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div>
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