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Shoppers in the United
Kingdom (U.K.) are having to
hunt around to find supplies of
fruit and vegetables. Britain's
major supermarkets are
rationing produce like
cucumbers, peppers and
tomatoes amid shortages from
suppliers. The big chains have
cited various reasons for the shortfall in supply that has left shelves bare in green-
grocery aisles. Britain's biggest supermarket chain, Tesco, has limited purchases
of certain vegetables to three per customer. Tesco attributed its shortages to
adverse weather overseas. In particular, it said a drought in Morocco had led to
poor yields. Tesco assured customers it was working day and night to “get things
back to normal”.
Other factors are being blamed for the rationing. Britain’s farmers’ union said
higher energy costs meant it was no longer financially viable for many growers to
operate. It also said a tomato disease has wiped out a lot of crops across northern
Europe. Industry analyst James Walton said Brexit has played a part in distribution
problems. He said: “The EU accounts for much of the UK’s import volume. If there
are shortfalls in production in the EU, then it makes sense for EU producers to
serve their local demand first. This leaves less available for export to the U.K.”
Many shoppers are perplexed at seeing photos on social media of supermarket
shelves across Europe, and in war-torn Ukraine, laden with fresh produce.
(CNBC.com / THEHILL.com / FRANCE24.com)
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MÓDULO 1 Text
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British supermarkets ration fruit and vegetables
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I. Translate the underlined expressions in the following sentences.
1. The garage was forced to ration gas to 20 liters per person.
* to ration = ________________________________________________
2. Vegetables are parts of plants, such as carrots and beans, that are
consumed by humans or other animals as food.
* vegetables = ______________________________________________
Translate the title of the text.
British supermarkets ration fruit and vegetables
II. Match the columns.
III. Here you have a list of verbs. Combine them with their definitions or
synonyms below. Then complete the sentences. Pay attention to
the verb tenses.
1. The company has representatives __________________________ in 
most countries.
2. He ________________________ her that the car would be ready the
next day.
3. He began _____________________________________ for information.
4. Advances in electronics ______________________ that the technology 
is already available.
5. Ten years of scientific research ________________ the development
of a new drug.
6. The government has promised to introduce legislation to 
_____________________ fuel emissions from the cars.
7. She _____________________ him for practically every mistake in the 
report.
ENGLISH PORTUGUESE
1. shoppers =
consumers
1 a) racionamento
2. major 2 b) pimentões
3. cucumbers 3 c) fatores
4. peppers 4 d) cadeias
5. chains 5 e) doença
6. shelves 6 f) consumidores
7. weather 7 g) demanda
8. factors 8 h) importantes
9. rationing 9 i) prateleiras
10. farmers 10 j) pepinos
11. costs 11 k) tempo, temperatura
12. disease 12 l) produtores
13. producers 13 m) agricultores
14. demand 14 n) custos
ENGLISH PORTUGUESE
1. to hunt around 1 ( )
2. to limit 2 ( )
3. to lead to 3 ( )
4. to assure 4 ( )
5. to blame 5 ( )
6. to mean 6 ( )
7. to operate 7 ( )
a) to tell someone that something is true so that they don't worry
b) to try to find something that you want or have lost
c) to work, to be in action, to perform a function
d) to restrict, to control 
e) to cause something to have a particular result; to make
something happen
f) to indicate, to show, to signify
g) to think that someone or something is responsible for
something bad happening
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Aluno_Semi1_D_Ingles_ZE_2023.qxp 28/04/2023 17:02 Página 2
IV.
V.
Can you translate the underlined expressions in the sentences
below?
1. She could no longer afford to keep her son at a private school.
* no longer = _______________________________________________
2. These days work plays an important part in a single woman’s life.
* to play a part = ___________________________________________
3. Computers account for 5% of the country’s commercial electricity
consumption.
* to account for = __________________________________________
4. The last paragraph doesn't make sense.
* to make sense = __________________________________________
VI.
1. The results will be available in three days.
* available = _______________________________________________
2. The performance of each employee is evaluated regularly.
* evaluated = ______________________________________________
VII. Translate the expressions in the sentences below. 
1. Whenever she goes out with her baby, she always takes a large
supply of baby food with her.
2. There’s increased demand for organic produce nowadays.
3. During the war, there was a severe labor (=mão de obra) shortage.
4. The room was completely bare except for a bed against the wall.
5. Green-grocery is a shop selling primarily fruit and vegetables.
6. New restrictions have been planned on the purchase of guns.
7. Our firm does a lot of business with overseas customers.
8. The new generations of workers is less likely to join a union.
9. A grower is a person who grows a particular type of crop.
Paragraph 1
1. rationing ( ) a) A situation of allow each person to have
only a fixed amount of something (due to
shortages because of war, of disasters,
etc.).
2. amid ( ) b) A prolonged period of abnormally low
rainfall, leading to a shortage of water.
3. cited ( ) c) In the middle of; among.
4. aisle ( ) d) Preventing success or development;
harmful; unfavourable.
5. adverse ( ) e) Mentioned as an example of
something.
6. drought ( ) f) A passage between cabinets and
shelves of goods in a supermarket, or
in a church or theatre, an aircraft, or
train.
7. yield ( ) g) An amount produced of an agricultural
or industrial product.
Paragraph 2
8. viable ( ) h) Completely baffled; very puzzled.
9. wiped out ( ) i) An amount or quantity of something,
especially when great.
10. crops ( ) j) Capable of working successfully.
11. volume ( ) k) Of a place devastated by battles and
conflict.
12. perplexed ( ) l) Eliminated something completely.
13. war-torn ( ) m) Heavily loaded.
14. laden ( ) n) Cultivated plants that are grown on a
large scale commercially, especially a
cereal, fruit, or vegetable.
VOCABULARY MATCHING
EXPRESSIONS
DO NOT CONFOUND
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VIII.
(The words in bold are from the news articles.)
1. (MODELO ENEM) – O texto trata:
a) da dificuldade de encontrar alimentos básicos no Reino Unido.
b) da escassez de legumes e frutas no Reino Unido, devido às
condições climáticas do país.
c) da falta de determinados alimentos na Inglaterra, por causa de
problemas energéticos no país
d) dos altos custos de energia no Reino Unido, tornando inviável a
produção de certos alimentos.
e) do alto lucro obtido por agricultores britânicos, mesmo havendo
escassez de frutas e legumes.
2. A falta de determinados alimentos pode ser atribuída a diversos
fatores, exceto:
a) altos custos de energia.
b) condições climáticas adversas em países produtores.
c) uma doença que afetou um certo tipo de plantio.
d) a exportação de certos alimentos produzidos no Reino Unido.
e) produtores europeus que diminuíram suas exportações para o Reino
Unido.
1. shoppers ( ) a) puzzled 
2. rationing ( ) b) mentioned 
3. produce ( ) c) held responsible
4. cited ( ) d) limiting
5. yields ( ) e) full
6. blamed ( ) f) foodstuff
7. viable ( ) g) amount
8. volume ( ) h) consumers
9. perplexed ( ) i) harvests
10. laden ( ) j) feasible
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MÓDULO 2 Text
Astypalea, Greece
An island in the central Aegean hopes to become Greece’s first carbon-free tourist destination.
Under a deal with the government, Volkswagen, a carmaker, has donated several new electric
vehicles for use by Astypalea’s public services; it will sell others at cost price to its 1,200 year-round
residents. In return, the government has bumped up subsidies for islanders to buy electric cars and
will build a hybrid solar and wind-fuelled power plant to replace a cluster of polluting diesel-fired
generators.
Unlike other nearby islands, Astypalea is not connected to Greece’s electricity grid. With only
3,000 rooms for visitors in small hotels or flats, tourism is still low-key. Many residents make a living
the old-fashioned way: raising goats, keeping bees and fishing. The island was selected for
Volkswagen’s e-mobility experiment after Nikos Komineas, the go-ahead mayor, contacted the
transport ministry for help in finding an electric bus to try out on its rugged roads.
Most islanders seem interested on the project. Mr Komineas expects the number of private cars
on Astypalea to fall by a third over the next five years. Its residents, he says, will get around on e-
scooters and electric minibuses, which will be free, linked to a mobile-phone app and available round
the clock.
Some observers detect a trace of greenwashing*. A tender for a solar park that would generate
half the island’s electricity within three years will not get under way before the tourist season ends.
A single wind turbine will be installed only in 2026, assuming the licensing process goes smoothly.
That is not normally the case in the Aegean, where islanders worry that tourists will go elsewhere if
the view is spoiled by a turbine 200 metres high. And even then, the hybrid power unit is planned to
cover only about 80% of summer demand. But it is a start.
(The Economist )
*greenwashing = “lavagem verde”. Consiste na estratégia de promover discursos, anúncios, ações, propagandas,
campanhas publicitárias sobre ser ecologicamente correto, sustentável e eco-friendly.
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I. Match the columns
II. 
Write in English.
1. Fiz uma experiência na aula de química.
2. Tive muitas experiências interessantes durante meu ano na África.
III. 
There are two “false friends” in the text. Translate them.
1. The mayor has promised to cleanse the city of drug dealers.
2. There’s no money available for an office party this year.
IV. Use the verbs from the box to complete the sentences.
1. He ___________________ a bit depressed about his work situation.
2. People can ________________________ infected after eating raw or
undercooked meat.
3. They’re _____________________ new houses by the river.
4. “Will you be at the meeting tomorrow?” “I _____________ so”.
5. Don’t _________________, she’ ll be all right.
6. The bone broke just where the thigh __________________________ 
to the knee.
III. 
Translate the different meanings of to raise in the following sentences.
1. Raise your hand if you have a doubt.
to raise = __________________________________________________
2. The government plan to raise taxes.
to raise = __________________________________________________
3. I want to start my own business if I can raise funds.
to raise = ___________________________________________________
4. Her parents died when she was a baby and she was raised by her
grandparents.
to raise = ___________________________________________________
ENGLISH PORTUGUESE
1. carmaker 1 a) vista
2. nearby 2 b) mesmo assim
3. goats 3 c) sem problemas
4. bees 4 d) abelhas
5. fishing 5 e) demanda
6. free 6 f) montadora
7. season 7 g) gratuitos
8. smoothly 8 h) estação
9. elsewhere 9 i) pescaria
10. view 10 j) próximas
11. even then 11 k) cabras
12. demand 12 l) para outro lugar
TO HOPE – TO BECOME – TO BUILD
TO CONNECT – TO SEEM – TO WORRY
EXPERIMENT / EXPERIENCE
FALSE FRIENDS
TO RAISE
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5. The farmer raises chickens and pigs.
to raise = ___________________________________________________
VI. Translate the underlined expressions in the following sentences.
1. The new economic deal was signed yesterday.
2. There was a cluster of fans around him, asking for autographs.
3. Tom’s a rather shy child, unlike his younger brother!
4. Grid: a system of wires for supplying electricity across a region,
country, etc.
5. Call me old -fashioned, but I like handwritten letters.
6. It’s not easy to drive in São Paulo, especially because of its rugged
streets.
7. The Senate rejected the proposal for a rise in Brazil’s minimum wage.
VII. Try to understand the meanings of the following expressions. Then,
translate them.
1. cost price = the original price of an item; the price that it costs to
make a product = ___________________________________________
2. in return = as an exchange for something = _____________________
3. wind-fuelled = the use of wind turbines to generate electricity
= _________________________________________________________
4. power plant = an industrial facility that generates electricity from
primary energy = _____________________________________________
5. diesel fired = activated by diesel = ___________________________
6. low-key = simple, modest = __________________________________
7. make a living = to earn money one needs to pay for housing, food,
etc. = ______________________________________________________
8. go-ahead = progressive, modern, innovative = __________________
___________________________________________________________
9. under way = in progress, happeing now = _______________________
10. round the clock = all day and night without stopping = ___________
____________________________________________________________
VIII. Translate the underlined expressions in the sentences.
1. She’s doing some teaching in the evenings to bump up her income.
*to bump up = _____________________________________________
2. We’ll have to replace all the furniture that was damaged in theflood
*to replace = _______________________________________________
3. John hopes to try out his new running shoes this weekend.
*to try out = ________________________________________________
4. to get around = to go to different places without difficulty.
*to get around = ____________________________________________
5. The pipe must be linked to the cold water supply.
*to link = __________________________________________________
6. She was young and she was wearing student-type clothes so I
assumed she was studying here.
*to assume = ______________________________________________
7. Radio and TV towers spoil the view.
*to spoil = _________________________________________________
8. The program covers all aspects of health and safety at work.
*to cover = ________________________________________________
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Aluno_Semi1_D_Ingles_ZE_2023.qxp 28/04/2023 17:02 Página 7
Responder em português
1. Qual o projeto da Volkswagen em conjunto com o governo de
Astypalea para tornar a ilha o primeiro destino turístico livre de emissões
de carbono?
2. Qual a contribuição do governo de Astypalea para que esse projeto
se torne viável?
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Dengue
About half of the world’s population is at risk of
contracting dengue, according to the World Health
Organization. The mosquito is found in tropical and
subtropical climates around the world; however,
dengue does not naturally occur in these
creatures: the mosquitoes get dengue from us.
The mechanism of dengue infection is
simple. Female mosquitoes bite humans
because they need the protein found in our blood
to produce eggs. (Male mosquitoes do not bite.) If the mosquito bites someone with dengue –
and then, after the virus’s roughly eight- to 12-day replication period, bites someone else – it
passes dengue into its next victim’s bloodstream.
There is no vaccine against dengue*, but infecting mosquitoes with a natural bacterium
called Wolbachia blocks the insects’ ability to pass the disease to humans. The microbe
spreads among both male and female mosquitoes: infected females lay eggs that harbor the
bacterium, and when Wolbachia-free females mate with infected males, their eggs simple do
not hatch. Researchers are now releasing Wolbachia-infected females into the wild in
Australia, Vietnam, Indonesia and Brazil.
(Scientific American. Adaptado.)
* There is now an already approved vaccine for dengue.
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MÓDULO 3 Text
I. Here you have a list of expressions found in the text. Use them to
write the following sentences in English. 
1. De acordo com pesquisadores, aproximadamente metade da
população mundial está em risco de contrair dengue.
2. Os animais se reproduzem no cativeiro (in captivity) e são reintrodu -
zidos na natureza.
3. O clima é mais frio no sul do país.
BLOODSTREAM – AT RISK – MALE – ACCORDING TO – 
CLIMATE – ROUGHLY – RESEARCHERS – INTO THE WILD
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4. A maioria das drogas alcança o corpo através da corrente sanguínea.
5. O macho da espécie é menos agressivo.
II. Translate the underlined verbs in the following sentences.
1. Evolution occurs as a result of adaptation to new environments.
* to occur = ________________________________________________
2. We can't eat outside tonight; the mosquitoes are biting.
* to bite (bit; bitten) = _______________________________________
3. All she needed to complete her happiness was a baby.
* to need = _________________________________________________
4. A fallen tree is blocking the road.
* to block = ________________________________________________
5. The fire spread very quickly because of the strong wind.
* to spread (spread; spread) = ________________________________
6. Thousands of turtles drag themselves onto the beach and lay their
eggs in the sand.
* to lay (laid; laid) = _________________________________________
7. Bathroom door handles can harbor germs.
* to harbor = _______________________________________________
8. Mating a horse with a donkey produces a mule.
* to mate = ________________________________________________
9. Some birds hatch only one egg at a time.
* to hatch = _______________________________________________
10.The police released the suspects because they had done nothing
wrong.
* to release = ______________________________________________
1. (FUVEST) – De acordo com o texto, a infecção por dengue
a) propaga-se quando mosquitos fêmeas picam seres humanos
infectados e retransmitem a doença a outras pessoas.
b) é provocada por mosquitos infectados depois do acasalamento.
c) desenvolve-se por meio das fêmeas, que transmitem o vírus para
os machos, num círculo vicioso que se repete periodicamente.
d) desenvolve-se no corpo humano após doze dias da picada, período
de incubação do vírus.
e) altera a proteína presente no sangue humano que é procurada pelos
mosquitos fêmeas.
2. (FUVEST) – Segundo o texto, a bactéria Wolbachia, se inoculada
nos mosquitos, bloqueia a transmissão da dengue porque
a) torna os machos estéreis.
b) interfere no período de acasalamento dos mosquitos.
c) impede a multiplicação do vírus nas fêmeas.
d) impede a eclosão dos ovos que contêm o vírus.
e) diminui a quantidade de ovos depositados pelas fêmeas.
3. A palavra however, sublinhada no 1º parágrafo do texto, transmite a
ideia de
a) consequência.
b) concessão.
c) contraste.
d) finalidade.
e) causa.
4. Roughly, sublinhado no texto, pode ser substituído, sem mudança de
significado, por todas as alternativas, exceto:
a) about.
b) approximately.
c) around.
d) some.
e) just.
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MÓDULO 4 Grammar – Perfect Tenses
1. Present Perfect
Usos:
• Ação indefinidano passado.
We have finished our homework.
Jane has traveled to London.
They have accepted the job offer. 
Não confunda o Present Perfect com o Simple Past. 
Observe os exemplos:
• com os advérbios EVER, NEVER, ALREADY, YET, JUST, SO
FAR, LATELY, RECENTLY e expressões como ONCE, TWICE,
MANY TIMES, FEW TIMES etc.
Have you EVER seen a flying saucer?
She has NEVER been to Rome.
The students have ALREADY written their essays.
The bell hasn’t rung YET.
Our cousins have JUST arrived.
We have read five chapters SO FAR.
She has traveled a lot LATELY.
Have you seen any good films RECENTLY?
I have flown on an airplane MANY TIMES.
• com SINCE (= desde) e FOR (= há, faz)
She has lived in New York SINCE 1993.
She has lived in New York FOR ten years.
They have been apart SINCE January.
They have been apart FOR three months.
2. Present Perfect Continuous
Uso:
• ação que se iniciou no passado e que continua até o momento
presente. É frequentemente usado com THE WHOLE (morning,
day, week...), SINCE e FOR.
They have been looking for a job
THE WHOLE MONTH.
SINCE October.{
FOR six months.
It has been raining
THE WHOLE MORNING.
SINCE 7 o’clock.{
FOR three hours.
Observação:
Com certos verbos, há pouca ou nenhuma diferença entre o
Present Perfect e o Present Perfect Continuous.
3. Past Perfect
Uso:
• ação que ocorreu no passado ANTES de outra ação também no
passado.
After I had finished lunch, I watched TV.
She told me her name after I had asked her twice.
He didn’t go to the movies because he had already seen the film.
have / has 
+
been + “...ing” do verbo principal
Present Perfect
Paul has lost his keys.
My brother has called me.
She has left.
Simple Past
Paul lost his keys yesterday.
My brother called me two days ago.
She left last week. 
have / has
+ 
past participle do verbo principal
had
+
past participle do verbo principal
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I. Complete the sentences with the Present Perfect, Present Perfect
Continuous or Past Perfect form of the verbs in parentheses.
1. He ____________________________________ (wait) there the whole
afternoon.
2. Sam ______________________________________ (already leave) the
building when the phone rang.
3. Alex feels bad. He _________________________________ (just hear) 
some bad news.
4. We _____________________ (have) four tests so far this semester.
5. I ________________________________ (write) them three times but I 
________________________________ (receive) a reply yet.
6. Nobody believed he ______________________________ (drop out) of 
school.
7. After the guests _________________________ (leave), I went to bed.
8. Mr. Simpson ________________________________________________
(teach) here for more than twenty years.
9. “Do you like lobster?”
“I don’t know. I ____________________________ (never eat) it.”
10.My understanding of the country ______________________________ 
(change) a lot since my arrival.
II. Circle the correct alternative.
1. Jack ____________________________ at the CBS Company since he
graduated from college.
a) is working b) works
c) have worked d) has being working
e) has worked
2. My uncle ___________ a pair of sneakers in his life.
a) never wore b) has never wear
c) is never wearing d) never has wore
e) has never worn
3. Since I came to this country, I ___________________ a lot about the
way of life here.
a) have learning b) have been learned 
c) have learnt d) am learned
e) have being learning
4. The Taylors _________________________________ the country.
a) left b) have just leaving
c) have just left d) just have lived
e) have just lived
5. The thief simply walked in. Someone ________ to lock the door.
a) have forgotten b) had forgotten
c) has forgot d) has been forgot
e) had forget
6. Try not to be absent from class again for the rest of the term. You
______________ too many classes.
a) already missed b) missed already
c) have missed already d) already are missing 
e) have already missed
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MÓDULO 5 Grammar – Perfect Tenses
I. Complete the sentences with the Present Perfect, Present Perfect
Continuous or Past Perfect form of the verbs. In some cases, two
answers are possible.
1. Mr. Gardner __________________________________________ (work)
on this article since the beginning of the week.
2. How long _____________________________________ (she practice)
when she entered the competition?
3. Sally ____________________________ (wear) this pair of shoes only 
once since she bought it.
4. The man stated that he ___________________________ (steal, never) 
anything.
5. ____________________________________ (you, sing, ever) in public?
6. How many new words ______________________________ (you, learn) 
since you came here?
7. It _______________________________ (rain) the whole day. I wonder 
when it will stop.
8. Hi, John. I _______________________ (hear, not) from you for months.
What ______________________________________ (you, do) lately?
9. I ___________________________ (see, never) any of Van Gogh’s 
paintings before I visited that museum in Amsterdam.
10.The train _______________________ (leave, already) when I got 
to the railway station.
11.How many cigarettes ____________________________ (you, smoke) 
today?
12.“Would you like something to drink?”
“No, I ______________________________ (have, just) some water.”
13.You don’t have to pay the butcher.
I ____________________________________ (pay, already) him.
14._______________________ (you, hear) from his sister recently?
15.The room was quiet when we arrived. All guests ____________
_________________ (go) home.
II. Circle the correct alternative.
1. She _______________________ some strange habits since she left
her family.
a) had developing
b) has developing
c) is developing
d) has been developed
e) has developed
2. When we left the room, the sun __________________________.
a) already set
b) have already set
c) had already set
d) already had been set
e) has already set
3. The number of single-parent families _________________ lately.
a) have risen
b) rose
c) had risen
d) has risen
e) has been risen
4. My brother ____________________ three tests since he started
coming to this class.
a) has been taken
b) took
c) is taking
d) has taken
e) has took
5. The cat escaped. Someone ________________ to close the door.
a) forget
b) had forgotten
c) has been forgetting
d) has forgot
e) had forget
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6. Brazil ________________ Germany 2 – 1.
a) beat
b) beats
c) have beaten
d) has beated
e) has beaten
7. I got the magazine a week ago, and I ________________ a chance to
read it yet.
a) didn’t have
b) hadn’t have
c) haven’t had
d) don’t have
e) haven’t have
8. Grandpa ________________ the whole afternoon.
a) had slept
b) has been sleep
c) is sleeping
d) has been sleeping
e) has sleeping
9. So far, Jane ________________ the importance of keeping fit.
a) hasn’t realized
b) doesn’t realize
c) haven’t realized
d) hasn’t been realized
e) don’t realize
10.My neighbor ________________ the flute the whole morning.
a) has play
b) has been played
c) is playing
d) has been playing
e) has being playing.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Anotações
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MÓDULO 6 Vocabulary
I. Match the first part of the conversation on the left with the other part on the right.
Now match each conversation with a building below. There will be one building left. 
2 D 3 J 5 F 10 H
Optician’s Doctor’s
La Bamba
Restaurant
Bank Butcher’s
Chaplin Road
Pavilion
Theater
Barber’s Dentist’s
Post
Office
Avon
Hotel
Florist
6 C 7 B 9 G 8 A 4 I 1 E
1. I’d like some roses, please. a. Do you want to send it airmail?
2. Can you read the letters on the bottom line? b. Should I leave it long in the back?
3. How long have you had the pain? c. Yes, but not two together, I’m afraid.
4. I’d like a room for two nights, please. d. I’m not sure about the first one.
5. I’d like to cash this check, please. e. How big a bunch would you like?
6. Do you have anything in the back? f. Do you have any kind of identification?
7. I’d like it short at the sides, please. g. Three times a day.
8. A letter to Boston, please. h. Pork or beef?
9. How often do you brush them? i. Single or double?
10. A pound of sausages, please. j. Since last Friday.
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II. Some adjectives can be formed by adding – ful, -ly or -y to a noun.
Sometimes changes in spelling are necessary, for example:
Complete each sentence with an adjective formed from the noun in
parentheses.
1. You must be ________________________ when you open the door.
(CARE)
2. The countryside looks very ___________________________ now.
(COLOR)
3. That was a very __________________________ thing to do!
(COWARD)
4. He has a _________________________ routine of exercise.
(DAY)
5. She was ________________________ when I told her my plan.
(DOUBT)
6. It was very ____________________ so I drove slowly.
(FOG)
7. It’s nice meeting such a _______________________ person.
(FRIEND)
8. He looked very ______________________ in that hat.
(FUN)
9. They saw a _______________________ figure at the castle door.
(GHOST)
10.Working on the car made her hands ________________________ .
(GREASE)
11.Let’s go for a _________________________ walk in the fresh air!
(HEALTH)
12.We’re ___________________________ that they’ll agree to come.
(HOPE)
13.Seeing all that food made me very ________________________.
(HUNGER)
14.She married a ________________________ businessman.
(SUCCESS)
15.He looked ________________________ when he heard the news.
(THOUGHT)
16.You can trust her. She’s a very _____________________ girl.
(TRUTH)
17.This map was very ______________________ on my holiday.
(USE)
18. It was ___________________________ to see him again.
(WONDER)
III. What is ‘it’ in each of these sentences? Write your answer in the
space provided.
BEAUTY  BEAUTIFUL LIFE  LIVELY NOISE  NOISY
1. If it’s that sore, I would gargle with salt.
water and speak as little as possible.
2. She baked it specially for his birthday.
3. After washing it, she put some curlers in as
she wanted it to look good for the dance.
4. I had to apply another coat of it as I could
still see the old one underneath.
5. They say it’s so creamy because the cows are
so contented!
6. Turn it on if you think it’s too dark in here.
7. After they had inflated it, it flew up into
some trees where unfortunately it popped.
8. It can be used transitively or intransitively.
9. It gets wider as it flows down to the sea.
10. It leaked and left an ink stain on my shirt.
11.When the doctor felt it, he found it was very
irregular.
12.Don’t squeeze it! The gun might go off!
13.Unfortunately it’s flat so we’ll have to
get the spare from the trunk.
14. It kept me awake with all its barking.
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The return to the office is well under way, just as summer in the northern hemisphere
begins. Pretty soon, people will be able to resume the habit of staring wistfully out of the
window, hoping it will still be sunny at the weekend. As many workers embrace a hybrid
pattern, perhaps commuting 2-3 days a week, the experiment in full-time home-working
is ending. At the same time, assessments of its effectiveness are proliferating.
Early surveys of employees and employers found that remote work did not reduce
productivity. But a new study of more than 10,000 employees at an Asian technology
company between April 2019 and August 2020 paints a different picture. The firm uses
software installed on employees’ computers that tracked which applications or websites
were active, and whether the employee was using the keyboard or a mouse. (Shopping
online didn’t count.)
The research certainly concluded that the employees were working hard. Total hours
worked were 30% higher than before the pandemic, including an 18% increase in
working outside normal hours. But this extra effort did not translate into any rise in
output. This may explain the earlier survey evidence; both employers and employees felt
they were producing as much as before. But the correct way to measure productivity is
output per working hour. With all that extra time on the job, this fell by 20%.
(The Economist )
MÓDULO 7 Text
Remote workers work longer, not more efficiently
A new study on remote working
12
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F/
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Br
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I.
Turn the underlined expressions into Portuguese.
1. Carrying heavy loads around all day is hard work.
2. The work ethic was never very strong in Simon.
3. Generally, working people don’t have time to shop for food every day.
4. On a working day, I tend to get up around 7 o’clock.
5. The working hours here are variable because we operate a shift
system.
6. We only have electricity when the generator is working.
7. You’re very tired – a week off would work miracles for you.
8. The museum has many works by Picasso as well as other modern
painters.
9. Can we work things out so that there’s always someone here to
answer the phone during office hours?
10. I’m working on my father to get him to take me to the airport.
11.My sister works out in the gym two or three times a week.
12.Tony, who is a self-confessed workaholic, can’t remember when he
last had a holiday.
II. Turn the title of the text into Portuguese.
III. In the title “longer” and “more efficiently” are comparative forms.
Complete these sentences using the comparative of the words in
brackets + than (if necessary).
1. My toothache is _____________________________ it was yesterday.
(painful)
2. Your English has improved. You speak a lot _____________________
________________ you did when we last met. (fluently)
3. This flat is too small for me. I need something much _____________
_____________. (big)
4. It’s a pity you live so far away. I wish you lived _________________.
(near)
5. Let’s go by car. It is much ________________________.(cheap)
6. Customer service was bad and the food was ____________________.
(bad)
IV. Match the columms.
1. just as ( ) a) ensolarado
2. northern ( ) b) poder
3. to begin ( ) c) ao mesmo tempo
4. pretty soon ( ) d) exatamente quando
5. be able to ( ) e) muito em breve
6. to stare ( ) f) começar
7. still ( ) g) norte
8. sunny ( ) h) fim de semana
9. weekend ( ) i) ainda
10. at the same time ( ) j) olhar fixamente
WORK
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Fill in the sentences with some of the expressions from of the previous
vocabulary.
1. Doctors say you can start rehab ______________________________.
2. He attracted many followers in __________________ Ethiopia through
his teaching.
3. Nothing can equal our ______________________ Spain.
4. He’s _______________________ here if you want to talk to him.
5. Only the doctor will _________________ assign those tests that will
______________________ clarify the alleged diagnosis.
6. If you manage to do it in a ____________________, I will be the first
to congratulate you.
V. Turn the sentences into English using “just as”, “to stare”, “to
begin”, “at the same time” and “under way”.
1. Ele é jovem; ao mesmo tempo é bastante responsável.
2. Eu simplemente sentei-me lá, olhando fixamente para o espaço.
3. Ela abriu a porta exatamente quando eu estava saindo.
4. Quando a garota viu a seringa, ela começou a chorar.
5. Quando eu cheguei, a apresentação já estava em andamento.
VI. Guess the meaning of the underlined expressions.
1. We’ll resume the meeting after tea.
2. The dog looked into the butcher’s window wistfully (with a wistful
expression on its face).
3. Both their assessments of productions costs were hopelessly
inaccurate.
How do you say acesso?
VII. In the text, we have: “... the experiment in full-time home-working
is ending”. Turn it into Portuguese.
VIII. 
1. Penelope came forward and embraced her sister.
2. We have to embrace what is going on in the new technologies.
IX. Match the synonyms.
1. pattern ( ) a) to follow, to pursue
2. perhaps ( ) b) surely
3. early ( ) c) maybe
4. survey ( ) d) model
5. employee ( ) e) research
6. employer ( ) f) app
7. to track ( ) g) first
8. application ( ) h) if
9. whether ( ) i) worker
10. certainly ( ) j) boss, patron
TO EMBRACE
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Turn into English
1. O número de funcionários na empresa aumentou dez vezes durante
a última década.
2. Precisamos de uma referência de seu ex-patrão antes que
possamos lhe dar uma oferta de emprego definitiva.
Turn into Portuguese
1. The software bundle includes several useful applications
2. The early settlers used to heat their cabins with coal.
3. The output of this factory has increased by 20%.
1. (MODELO ENEM) – De acordo com o texto.
a) as pessoas já abandonaram o padrão de trabalho híbrido que foi
adotado durante a pandemia.
b) as pessoas que estão no trabalho online têm mais tempo para
admirar os dias ensolarados pela janela.
c) há um consenso de que o trabalho online funciona e da que veio
para ficar.
d) a maioria das pessoas deseja trabalhar apenas três dias por semana.
e) o trabalho de funcionários foi monitorado e avaliado durante a
pandemia.
2. Responda em português.
Baseando-se no 3.o parágrafo , a que conclusão chegou a última
pesquisa referente à relação trabalho / eficiênca?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Anotações
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Translate the following proverbs:
1. Seeing is believing.
___________________________________________________________
2. Better late than never.
___________________________________________________________
3. The face is no index to the heart.
index = ____________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
4. Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.
beholder = __________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
5. Good things come to those who wait.
6. While there’s life, there’s hope.
____________________________________________________________
7. Where there’s a will, there’s a way.
will = ______________________________________________________
way = ______________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
8. A word to the wise is enough.
wise = _____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
9. You scratch my back and I’ll scratch yours.
to scratch = _________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
10.Don’t look a gift horse in the mouth.
11.United we stand, divided we fall.
to stand = ___________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
12.Behind every great man there is a great woman.
13.An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.
A stitch in time saves nine.
ounce = ____________________________________________________
pound = ____________________________________________________
stitch = ____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
14.Forewarned is forearmed.
forewarned = _______________________________________________
forearmed = ________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
15.Nothing ventured, nothing gained. 
ventured = __________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
16.The squeaky wheel gets the grease.
squeaky = __________________________________________________
wheel = ____________________________________________________
grease = ____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
MÓDULO 8 Proverbs
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17.Two’s company three’s a crowd.
____________________________________________________________
18.Slow and steady wins the race. 
steady = __________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
19.Water dropping day by day wears the hardest rock away. 
dropping = __________________________________________________
to wear away = _____________________________________________
the hardest = _______________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
20.Haste makes waste.
haste = ____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
21.Birds of a feather flock together. 
feather = ___________________________________________________to flock = ___________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
22.He who lives by the sword, shall die by the sword.
sword = ____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
23.Let bygones be bygones.
bygones = __________________________________________________ 
____________________________________________________________
24.All good things must come to an end.
25.He who laughs last, laughs best.
to laugh = __________________________________________________
26.Every dog has his day.
____________________________________________________________
27.Business is business.
28.Make do with what you have.
make do = __________________________________________________
29.Make a mountain out of a mole hill.
mole hill = __________________________________________________
30.(Fuvest) – Don’t bite the hand that feeds you.
to bite = ___________________________________________________
to feed = ___________________________________________________
31.(Fuvest) – Every cloud has a silver lining.
silver lining = _______________________________________________
32.(Fuvest) – Don’t count your chickens before they lay eggs.
To lay eggs = _______________________________________________
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(UNICAMP)
1. O texto discorre sobre uma pesquisa cujo objetivo foi
a) determinar como o manuseio de papel térmico pode contaminar
uma pessoa com bisfenol A, considerando que a concentração foi
monitorada utilizando-se um BPA em que átomos de 1H foram
substituídos por 2H.
b) analisar de que forma o uso de luvas nitrílicas lavadas com sabão e
contendo BPA deuterado pode contaminar receitas impressas em
papel térmico que contém um disruptor endócrino.
c) monitorar, durante uma semana ou mais, a cinética de eliminação de
um disruptor endócrino, bisfenol A (BPA), do corpo humano que foi
contaminado pelo uso de luvas nitrílicas.
d) verificar como um papel térmico deteriorado por átomos de 2H
poderia contaminar as mãos de uma pessoa, mesmo que ela
estivesse usando luvas nitrílicas durante duas horas e depois as
removesse.
2. O artista francês Pierre David, ao evidenciar seu encantamento com
a diversidade de cores de peles no Brasil, no projeto Nuancier,
também
a) desencadeia um estudo sobre a atitude dos brasileiros com base na
análise de características raciais.
b) denuncia a discriminação social gerada com a distinção de cores na
população de Salvador.
c) destaca a mistura racial como elemento-chave no impedimento para
a ascensão social.
d) provoca uma reflexão crítica em relação à classificação e à
mercantilização das raças.
e) elabora um produto com base na variedade de cores de pele para
uso comercial.
Touching thermal-paper receipts could 
extend BPA retention in the body
When people handle receipts printed on thermal paper
containing the endocrine disruptor bisphenol A (BPA), the toxic
chemical could linger in the body for a week or more. Jonathan W.
Martin of Stockholm University and Jiaying Liu of the University of
Alberta asked six male volunteers to handle paper containing
isotopically labeled BPA for five minutes. The volunteers then put on
nitrile gloves, wore them for two hours, removed them, and washed
their hands with soap. Afterward, the researchers measured the
labeled BPA and its metabolites in the volunteers’ urine regularly
for two days and then once again a week later. The study only traced
the isotopically labeled (deuterated) BPA and its metabolites, so any
additional BPA exposure from other sources was not monitored.
(Deirdre Lockwood, Touching thermal-paper receipts could extend
BPA retentionin the body. Chemical & Engineering News.)
Which skin colour are you? The human swatch chart
that confronts racism
In 1933, in a book called The Masters and the Slaves, the
Brazilian anthropologist Gilberto Freyre wrote: “Every Brazilian, even
the light-skinned, fair-haired one, carries about him on his soul,
when not on soul and body alike, the shadow, or at least the
birthmark, of the aborigine or the negro.” This was forefront in the
mind of the French artist Pierre David when he moved to Brazil in
2009.
“When I was in the streets, I could see so many skin colours”,
he says. He decided to make a human colour chart, like one you
would find in the paint section of B&Q shop, but showing the
gradations and shades of our skin colour. The project, called
Nuancier or “swatches”, was first shown at the Museu de Arte
Moderna in Salvador – Bahia, and is now on show in his native
France. “Brazil has a better attitude to skin colour than other
developed nations”, he says. “There's no doubt, because the
concept of skin colour difference was recognised very early in their
history. Now, it even appears on identity documents.”
Yet Nuancier, David says, is still a critique of racism, in Brazil and
around the world. “This work may seem provocative – to classify
men by colour, to industrially produce the colour of an individual so
it can be store-bought. But this is a demonstration of the
commodification of bodies. It denounces racism anywhere it is
found in the world.”
SEYMOUR, T. Disponível em: www.theguardian.com (adaptado).
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(UNESP) – Leia o texto para responder, em português, as questões
3 e 4.
3. De acordo com o primeiro parágrafo, o que significa “teto de vidro”?
Quais fatores são frequentemente associados a esse fenômeno e
em que esfera ocorre com maior frequência?
4. De acordo com as informações do segundo e terceiro parágrafos, de
que forma o “teto de vidro” se manifesta em relação às mulheres no
mundo empresarial? Como o “teto de vidro” pode ser identificado?
(UNESP) – Leia o texto para responder, em português, as questões
5 e 6.
5. Quais os efeitos da proteína descoberta no café?
6. Quais são as possíveis aplicações práticas da descoberta?
(PUC) 
7. No que se refere à Quarta Revolução Industrial, o texto acima nos
informa que
a) ela, assim como as anteriores, rompe paradigmas.
b) ela tem como base a genética, a inteligência artificial, a robótica, a
nanotecnologia, a impressão em 3D e a biotecnologia.
c) esta será a revolução mais abrangente e inclusiva vista até agora.
d) ela vai possibilitar partilhar economias.
What is a glass ceiling?
The phrase ‘glass ceiling’ refers to an invisible barrier that
prevents someone from achieving further success. It is most often
used in the context of someone’s age, gender, or ethnicity keeping
them from advancing to a certain point in a business or when he or
she cannot or will not be promoted to a higher level of
position/power. Glass ceilings are most often observed in the
workplace and are usually a barrier to achieving power and success
equal to that of a more dominant population. An example would be
a woman who has better skills, talent, and education than her male
peers but is obviously being passed over for promotions.
The glass ceiling metaphor in the business world is a reference
to an employee’s rise up the ranks of an organization. In theory,
nothing prevents a woman from being promoted, but women can
see that the higher they are in the company, the more promotions,
pay raises, and opportunities they should have. Instead of being able
to achieve the same success as peers, those who encounter glass
ceilings are stopped by invisible obstacles that prevent them from
rising further.
The frustrating thing about this kind of oppression is that it is
covert and cannot be seen. Instead of being a tangible barrier that
would be easy to identify, a glass ceiling in the workplace persists
in very subtle ways.
(http://study.com)
Brazil finds coffee protein with morphine effect
Brazilian scientists have discovered a protein in coffee that has
effects similar to pain reliever morphine, researchers at the state
University of Brasilia (UnB) and state-ownedBrazilian Agricultural
Research Corporation Embrapa said Saturday.
Embrapa said its genetics and biotech division, teaming up with
UnB scientists, had discovered “previously unknown protein
fragments” with morphine-like effects in that they possess
“analgesic and mildly tranquilizing” qualities. The company added
tests on laboratory mice showed that the opioid peptides, which
are naturally occurring biological molecules, appeared to have a 
longer-lasting effect on the mice than morphine itself.
Embrapa said the discovery has “biotechnological potential” for
the health foods industry and could also help to alleviate stress in
animals bound for the slaughterhouse. In 2004, Embrapa managed
to sequence coffee’s functional genome, a major step towards
efforts by the firm and UnB to combine coffee genes with a view
to improving grain quality.
(www.news.com.au. Adaptado.)
The Future of Jobs
http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Future_of_Jobs.pdf 
Today, we are at the beginning of a Fourth Industrial Revolution.
Developments in genetics, artificial intelligence, robotics,
nanotechnology, 3D printing and biotechnology, to name just a few,
are all building on and amplifying one another. This will lay
the foundation for a revolution more comprehensive and 
all-encompassing than anything we have ever seen. Smart systems
– homes, factories, farms, grids or cities – will help tackle problems
ranging from supply chain management to climate change. The rise
of the sharing economy will allow people to monetize everything
from their empty house to their car.
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(FUVEST) – Texto para as questões de 8 a 10.
8. No texto, a pergunta “What time is it?” (L. 1), inserida no debate da
ciência moderna sobre a noção de tempo,
a) corrobora a crença de que a passagem do tempo é uma garantia de
renovação para a humanidade.
b) consiste na prova de que “o agora” é a realização de uma troca
harmoniosa com o mundo.
c) representa a obsessão dos seres humanos pelo controle da vida com
auxílio do relógio.
d) revela o esforço empreendido pelas pessoas na distribuição das
tarefas ao longo do dia.
e) mostra o descompasso e a imprecisão relativos à percepção do
presente e do passado.
9. No texto, a expressão que melhor representa o caráter
supostamente exato do tempo é:
a) “In our clock-studded, cell-phone society” (L. 2-3).
b) “never more than a glance away” (L. 4).
c) “confident that we will always know it is 7:03 P.M.” (L. 7).
d) “Bound by the speed of light” (L. 12).
e) “like a strange syrup” (L. 18).
10.De acordo com o texto, considera se contraditório, em relação à
percepção humana do tempo,
a) seu poder de cura e destruição.
b) sua natureza pública e privada.
c) seu caráter ordenado e irregular.
d) seu sentido de submissão e liberdade.
e) seu grau de abundância e desperdício.
(ALBERT EINSTEIN-MEDICINA-2019) – Read the text to answer
questions 11 to 14.
High-flying ideas?
A camera-equipped drone flies around the outskirts of Seoul,
South Korea, hovering near an industrial plant and capturing video
of pollutants. Below, on the crowded, litter-covered streets,
residents wear white and black masks that cover their noses and
mouths. A gray haze hangs in the sky.
The unmanned aerial vehicle, or UAV, is part of a pilot program
by South Korea’s Ministry of Environment. Tasked with inspecting
factory emissions in the capital’s greater metropolitan area, it’s the
latest in a series of tech solutions aimed at solving Seoul’s dust
dilemma. In fact, the fine dust has South Koreans so concerned
they’ve cited it as their No. 1 stressor in life – more distressing than
the country’s economic stagnation, its rapidly aging population and
even North Korea’s erratic dictator and nuclear weapons program.
Their worries are well-founded. The World Health Organization
(WHO) advises exposure to fine dust, or PM10, of no more than a
daily average of 50 micrograms per cubic meter, and to ultra-fine
dust, or PM2.5, of no more than 25. At one point in 2017, Seoul’s
PM10 hit 179. In late March 2018, Seoul’s PM2.5 soared to over
100. PM2.5 is of greatest concern. So small it can get lodged into
the lungs and penetrate the lining to enter the bloodstream, PM2.5
is comprised of black carbon, nitrates, ammonia and other harmful
compounds linked to respiratory diseases and cancer. The WHO
has classified fine and ultra-fine dust as carcinogenic since 2013.
Developed by the government-run National Institute of
Environmental Research, the drone is the first of what the
environment ministry intends to be a fleet deployed nationwide.
Some South Korean tech companies, too, are stepping in with their
own innovations. Although much of the new tech appears
promising, Greenpeace’s Seoul office stresses the importance of
addressing the root of the problem. Part of the solution is getting
residents to recognize their own role in curbing carbon output. So,
even though the new fixes may do a good job of measuring dust,
what about actually busting it? That’s where the technology hasn’t
quite caught up yet.
(Ann Babe. www.usnews.com. Adapted.)
5
10
15
20
25
What time is it? That simple question probably is
asked more often today than ever. In our
clock studded, cell phone society, the answer is
never more than a glance away, and so we can
blissfully partition our days into ever smaller
increments for ever more tightly scheduled tasks,
confident that we will always know it is 7:03 P.M.
Modern scientific revelations about time,
however, make the question endlessly frustrating. If
we seek a precise knowledge of the time, the elusive
infinitesimal of “now” dissolves into a scattering
flock of nanoseconds. Bound by the speed of light
and the velocity of nerve impulses, our perceptions
of the present sketch the world as it was an instant
ago—for all that our consciousness pretends
otherwise, we can never catch up.
Even in principle, perfect synchronicity escapes
us. Relativity dictates that, like a strange syrup, time
flows slower on moving trains than in the stations
and faster in the mountains than in the valleys. The
time for our wristwatch or digital screen is not
exactly the same as the time for our head.
Our intuitions are deeply paradoxical. Time heals
all wounds, but it is also the great destroyer. Time is
relative but also relentless. There is time for every
purpose under heaven, but there is never enough.
Scientific American. Adaptado.
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11.The text deals with a main public interest issue in South Korea
related to
a) the dirt and dust deriving from the overcrowded streets in the
country’s capital.
b) air pollution, and the health risks brought about by fine-dust
particulates.
c) a variety of factors impacting on the South Koreans’ quality of life in
the present days.
d) the great number of camera-equipped drones flying all around
Seoul’s skies.
e) the many types of pollutants produced by the country’s industries
and residents.
12.The pilot program mentioned in the second paragraph uses UAVs
primarily to
a) map the dirty and dust-affected streets in Seoul.
b) predict critical points of pollution in Seoul’s metropolitan area.
c) create technological solutions to solve Seoul’s dust dilemma.
d) identify alternatives to some of the most distressing factors affecting
South Koreans.
e) monitor industrial plant emissions in the city and its surroundings.
13.According to the third paragraph, PM2.5 is currently a topic of
greatest concern in Seoul because
a) it has recently reached levels far beyond those the WHO admits as
safe for humans to live with.
b) its particles have just been discovered to be even tinier than the
average PM10 particles.
c) it has, in the latest years, surpassed PM10 in numbers and as the
origin of incurable diseases.
d) it is composed of black carbon, nitrates and ammonia, a combination
inevitably resulting in deadly side-effects.
e) it has been announcedby the WHO as the main cause for respiratory
diseases and cancer in the country.
14.The text concludes by stating that tech innovations in South Korea
a) come from companies in close cooperation with Greenpeace in their
common goal to protect the environment.
b) are promising, though South Korea has been ranked as the world’s
deadliest country for outdoor air pollution these days.
c) have made the measurement of dust emissions possible, but have
not yet found ways to suppress them.
d) have led South Koreans to control carbon pollution production in their
own homes.
e) have had greater participation from non-governmental groups than
from the Korean government itself.
15.Valores culturais de um povo revelam sua forma de ser, agir e pensar.
Na concepção da autora, as diferentes formas de educar crianças
nos Estados Unidos confirmam que as crianças
a) temem quem as amedronta.
b) aprendem com o que vivem.
c) amam aqueles que as aceitam.
d) são gentis quando respeitadas.
e) ridicularizam quem as intimida.
If children live with criticism, they learn to condemn. 
If children live with fear, they learn to be apprehensive.
If children live with pity, they learn to feel sorry for themselves.
If children live with ridicule, they learn to feel shy.
If children live with tolerance, they learn patience.
If children live with praise, they learn appreciation.
If children live with acceptance, they learn to love.
If children live with approval, they learn to like themselves.
If children live with recognition, they learn it is good to have a goal.
If children live with sharing, they learn generosity.
If children live with fairness, they learn justice.
If children live with kindness and consideration, they learn respect.
If children live with friendliness, they learn the world is a nice place
in which to live.
(NOLTE, D. L. Disponível em: 
www.americanfamilytradidions.com).
1) Lê-se, no texto:
“When people handle receipts printed on thermal paper
containing the endocrine disruptor bisphenol A(BPA), the
toxic chemical could linger in the body for a week or more.”
* to handle = manusear
* to linger = permanecer
Observação: 1H e 2H são isótopos do elemento hidrogênio. 
1H é o hidrogênio leve e o 2H é o hidrogênio deutério.
Resposta: A
2) D
3) “Teto de vidro” refere-se a uma barreira invisível que impede
alguém de ir além.
Os fatores frequentemente associados a esse fenômeno são:
idade, gênero ou etnia e ocorre, com maior frequência, no
ambiente de trabalho.
4) Esse fenômeno manifesta-se impedindo as mulheres de
ascenderem profissionalmente na organização empresarial.
Muito frequentemente, as mulheres deixam de ser promo -
vidas mesmo quando são comprovadamente competentes e
habilidosas, perdendo a oportunidade de alcançarem o
mesmo sucesso que seus colegas do gênero masculino.
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5) A proteína descoberta no café tem efeitos semelhantes à
morfina, ou seja, qualidades analgésicas e levemente
tranquilizantes.
6) A descoberta, de acordo com a Embrapa, tem “poten cial
biotecnológico” para a indústria de alimentos saudáveis e
poderia também ajudar a aliviar o estresse em animais prestes
a serem abatidos.
7) Conforme o trecho “This will lay the foundation for a
revolution more comprehensive and all-encompassing than
anything we have ever seen.” é possível afirmar que esta será
a revolução mais abrangente e inclusiva vista até agora. 
Resposta: C
8) A pergunta “What time is it?”, no debate da ciência moderna
sobre a noção do tempo, motiva o descompasso e a impreci -
são relativos à percepção do presente e do passado.
No texto:
“If we seek a precise knowledge of the time, the elusive
infinitesimal of “now” dissolves into a scattering flock of
nanoseconds. Bound by the speed of light and the velocity of
nerve impulses, our perceptions of the present sketch the
world as it was an instant ago – for all that our consciousness
pretends otherwise, we can never catch up.”
Resposta: E
9) A expressão que melhor representa o caráter supostamente
exato do tempo é “confident that we will always know it is
7:03 P.M.”
* confident = confiantes
Resposta: C
10) Considera-se contraditório, em relação à percepção humana
do tempo, seu poder de cura e destruição.
Lemos, no texto:
“Time heals all wounds, but it is also the great destroyer”
Resposta: A
11) O trecho trata de uma questão de interesse público na Coreia
do Sul relacionada à poluição do ar e aos riscos à saúde
causados por partículas finas de pó.
Lê-se no texto:
“In fact, the fine dust has South Koreans so concerned they’ve
cited it as their No. 1 stressor in life...”
* dust = pó
* concerned = preocupado
Resposta: B
12) O programa piloto mencionado no segundo parágrafo utiliza
UAVs (Veículos Aéreos não Tripulados) principalmente para
monitorar emissões industriais nas cidades e suas
redondezas.
Lê-se no texto:
“Tasked with inspecting factory emissions in the capital’s
greater metropolitan area...”
Resposta: E
13) De acordo com o terceiro parágrafo, PM2.5 é atualmente um
tópico de grande preocupação em Seoul porque recentemente
atingiu níveis muito acima daqueles aceitos pela OMS como
sendo considerados seguros para a vida dos humanos.
No texto:
“The World Health Organization (WHO) advises exposure to
fine dust, or PM10, of no more than a daily average of
50 micrograms per cubic meter, and to ultra-fine dust, or
PM2.5, of no more than 25. At one point in 2017, Seoul’s PM10
hit 179. In late March 2018, Seoul’s PM2.5 soared to over 100.”
Resposta: A
14) O texto conclui afirmando que inovações tecnológicas na
Coreia do Sul tornaram possível a medida de emissões de
poeira, mas ainda não acharam maneiras de suprimi-las.
Lê-se no texto:
“Although much of the new tech appears promising,
Greenpeace’s Seoul office stresses the importance of
addressing the root of the problem. Part of the solution is
getting residents to recognize their own role in curbing carbon
output. So, even though the new fixes may do a good job of
measuring dust, what about actually busting it? That’s where
the technology hasn’t quite caught up yet.”
* to address = abordar
* root = raiz
* role = papel
* to curb = reduzir, diminuir
* output = produção
* to bust = eliminar, acabar com
* to catch up = alcançar, atingir
Resposta: C
15) Em todo o texto é possível perceber que as crianças aprendem
a forma de ser, agir e pensar, de acordo com o contexto em
que vivem.
Resposta: B
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