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Solutions for Condensations and Alpha Substitutions of Carbonyl Compounds
OH
OH
H3C C
H
C
O
HC H
O
C
H
H3CH3C C
H
H
C
O
H
C H
O
CH3CH2
HO H CH3CH2 C
O
C
H H
CH3
C H
O
C
O
HC
CH3
H
C
H
HO
CH3CH2
C
O
HC
CH3
C
H
HO
CH3CH2CH3CH2 C
O
C
H
CH3
C H
OH
C
O
HC
CH3
C
H
CH3CH2
Ph Ph
O O
H
O
(c)(b)(a)
23
24 The carbon-carbon double bond is the new bond in each case.
E + ZE + Z
OH
H
H C
H
O
H
H3C
CH3
CH3
H
H H
O
C H
O
C
H
H
CH3
CH3
H3C
H
O
H C
H
C
O
H
H
H
H O
H
Step 2: nucleophile generation
+
Step 1: carbon skeletons
(a)
25
(2,2-Dimethylpropanal has no α-hydrogen.)
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