<div id="pf1" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="1"><div class="pc pc1 w0 h0"><div class="t m0 x0 h1 y0 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws0">//SYS21///INTEGRA/BST/VOL1/REVISES 21-7-2001/<span class="ff2 ws1">BSTA01.3D </span><span class="ls0">±<span class="ff2 ls1">1</span></span><span class="ws2">± [1±24/24] 26.7.2001 4:11PM</span></div><div class="t m1 x1 h2 y1 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws3">Basic Ship Theory</div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,-36.161120,-36.545720]}'></div></div> <div id="pf2" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="2"><div class="pc pc2 w0 h0"><div class="t m0 x0 h1 y0 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws0">//SYS21///INTEGRA/BST/VOL1/REVISES 21-7-2001/<span class="ff2 ws1">BSTA01.3D </span><span class="ls0">±<span class="ff2 ls1">2</span></span><span class="ws2">± [1±24/24] 26.7.2001 4:11PM</span></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,-36.161120,-36.545720]}'></div></div> <div id="pf3" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="3"><div class="pc pc3 w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x1 y2 w1 h3" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/7431489e-1d3c-412e-993f-d4518b52dbff/bg3.png"><div class="t m0 x0 h1 y0 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws0">//SYS21///INTEGRA/BST/VOL1/REVISES 21-7-2001/<span class="ff2 ws1">BSTA01.3D </span><span class="ls0">±<span class="ff2 ls1">3</span></span><span class="ws2">± [1±24/24] 26.7.2001 4:11PM</span></div><div class="t m1 x1 h4 y3 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws5">Basic Ship Theory</div><div class="t m1 x1 h5 y4 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws6">K.J. Rawson</div><div class="t m1 x1 h6 y5 ff4 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws7">MSc, <span class="fs5 ws8">DEng, FEng, RCNC, FRINA, WhSch</span></div><div class="t m1 x1 h5 y6 ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws9">E.C. Tupper</div><div class="t m1 x1 h7 y7 ff4 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws8">BSc, CEng, RCNC, FRINA, WhSch</div><div class="t m1 x1 h8 y8 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls2 wsa">Fifth edition</div><div class="t m1 x1 h8 y9 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls2 wsb">Volume 1</div><div class="t m1 x1 h8 ya ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls2 wsc">Chapters 1 to 9</div><div class="t m1 x1 h5 yb ff3 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls2 wsd">Hydrostatics and Strength</div><div class="t m1 x1 h9 yc ff5 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls3 wse">OXFOR<span class="_0 blank"></span>D<span class="_1 blank"> </span>AUCKL<span class="_2 blank"> </span>AND<span class="_1 blank"> </span>B O ST<span class="_0 blank"></span>ON<span class="_1 blank"> </span>JOH A N NESBU R<span class="_2 blank"> </span>G<span class="_1 blank"> </span>MELBOURNE<span class="_3 blank"> </span>NE<span class="_2 blank"> </span>W<span class="_4 blank"> </span>DELHI</div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,-36.161120,-36.545720]}'></div></div> <div id="pf4" class="pf w2 ha" data-page-no="4"><div class="pc pc4 w2 ha"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x2 yd w3 hb" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/7431489e-1d3c-412e-993f-d4518b52dbff/bg4.png"><div class="t m0 x0 h1 ye ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws0">//SYS21///INTEGRA/BST/VOL1/REVISES 21-7-2001/<span class="ff2 ws1">BSTA01.3D </span><span class="ls0">±<span class="ff2 ls1">4</span></span><span class="ws2">± [1±24/24] 26.7.2001 4:11PM</span></div><div class="t m1 x2 hc yf ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 wsf">Butterworth-Heinemann</div><div class="t m1 x2 hc y10 ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws10">Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2<span class="_5 blank"> </span>8DP</div><div class="t m1 x2 hc y11 ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws11">225 Wildwood Avenue, Woburn, MA 01801-2041</div><div class="t m1 x2 hc y12 ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws12">A division of Reed<span class="_5 blank"> </span>Educational and Professional Publishing Ltd</div><div class="t m1 x3 hc y13 ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws13">A member of the Reed Elsevier<span class="_6 blank"> </span>plc group</div><div class="t m1 x2 hc y14 ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws10">First published by Longman Group Limited 1968</div><div class="t m1 x2 hc y15 ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws14">Second edition 1976 (in two volumes)</div><div class="t m1 x2 hc y16 ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws15">Third edition 1983</div><div class="t m1 x2 hc y17 ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws16">Fourth edition 1994</div><div class="t m1 x2 hc y18 ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws14">Fifth edition 2001</div><div class="t m1 x2 hd y19 ff7 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls4">#<span class="ff6 fs7 ls2 ws17 v1">K.J. Rawson and E.C. Tupper 2001</span></div><div class="t m1 x2 hc y1a ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws18">All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be<span class="_5 blank"> </span>reproduced in</div><div class="t m1 x2 hc y1b ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws19">any material form (including photocopying or storing in any medium by</div><div class="t m1 x2 hc y1c ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws1a">electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentall<span class="_0 blank"></span>y to some</div><div class="t m1 x2 hc y1d ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws1a">other use of this publication) without the written permission<span class="_6 blank"> </span>of the</div><div class="t m1 x2 hc y1e ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws13">copyright holder except in accordance<span class="_6 blank"> </span>with the provisions of the Copyright<span class="_0 blank"></span>,</div><div class="t m1 x2 hc y1f ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws1a">Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the</div><div class="t m1 x2 hc y20 ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws1b">Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London,</div><div class="t m1 x2 hc y21 ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws1c">England W1P 0LP. Applications for<span class="_5 blank"> </span>the copyright holder's written</div><div class="t m1 x2 hc y22 ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws19">permission to reproduce any part of this publication should be addressed</div><div class="t m1 x2 hc y23 ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws1d">to the publishers</div><div class="t m1 x2 he y24 ff3 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws1e">British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data</div><div class="t m1 x2 hc y25 ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws11">Rawson, K.J. (Kenneth John), 1926±</div><div class="t m1 x4 hc y26 ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws1f">Basic ship theory. ± 5th ed.</div><div class="t m1 x4 hc y27 ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws20">Vol. 1, ch. 1±9: Hydrostatics and<span class="_5 blank"> </span>strength K.J. Rawson,</div><div class="t m1 x4 hc y28 ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws21">E.C. Tupper</div><div class="t m1 x4 hc y29 ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws22">1. Naval<span class="_6 blank"> </span>architecture<span class="_7 blank"> </span>2. Shipbuilding</div><div class="t m1 x4 hc y2a ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws18">I.<span class="_8 blank"> </span>Title<span class="_7 blank"> </span>II.<span class="_8 blank"> </span>Tupper<span class="_0 blank"></span>, E.C. (Eric Charles), 1928±</div><div class="t m1 x4 hc y2b ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2">623.8</div><div class="t m1 x5 hf y2c ff8 fs8 fc0 sc0 ls5">0<span class="ff6 fs7 ls2 v2">1</span></div><div class="t m1 x2 he y2d ff3 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws1e">Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication<span class="_5 blank"> </span>Data</div><div class="t m1 x2 hc y2e ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws11">Rawson, K.J.</div><div class="t m1 x4 hc y2f ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws11">Basic ship theory/K.J. Rawson, E.C. Tupper. ±<span class="_5 blank"> </span>5th ed.</div><div class="t m1 x6 hc y30 ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws23">p. cm.</div><div class="t m1 x4 hc y31 ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws24">Contents: v.1. Hydrostatics and strength ± v.2. Ship dynamics and design.</div><div class="t m1 x4 hc y32 ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws25">Includes bibliographical references and index.</div><div class="t m1 x4 hc y33 ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws26">ISBN 0-7506-5396-5 (v.1: alk. paper) ± ISBN 0-7506-5397-3 (v.2: alk. paper)</div><div class="t m1 x4 hc y34 ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws27">1. Naval architecture<span class="_7 blank"> </span>I. Tupper, E.C.<span class="_9 blank"> </span>II. Title.</div><div class="t m1 x2 hc y35 ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws14">VM156 .R37 2001</div><div class="t m1 x2 hc y36 ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2">623.8</div><div class="t m1 x7 hf y37 ff8 fs8 fc0 sc0 ls5">0<span class="ff6 fs7 ls2 ws28 v2">1±dc21 2001037513</span></div><div class="t m1 x2 hc y38 ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws29">ISBN 0 7506 5396 5</div><div class="t m1 x8 hc y39 ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws2a">For information on all Butterworth-Heinemann</div><div class="t m1 x8 hc y3a ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws2b">publications visit our website at<span class="_5 blank"> </span>www.bh.com</div><div class="t m1 x2 hc y3b ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws26">Typeset in India at Integra Software Services Pvt Ltd,</div><div class="t m1 x2 hc y3c ff6 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws11">Pondicherry, India 605005; www.integra-india.com</div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,-36.161120,-36.545720]}'></div></div> <div id="pf5" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="5"><div class="pc pc5 w0 h0"><div class="t m1 x9 h10 y3d ff9 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws2c">Introduction<span class="_a blank"></span>........................................................</div><div class="t m1 x9 h10 y3e ff9 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">Symbols and nomenclature<span class="_b blank"></span>..............................</div><div class="t m1 x9 h10 y3f ff9 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">1 Art or science?<span class="_c blank"></span>................................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y40 ffa fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">1.1 Authorities<span class="_d blank"></span>...............................................................</div><div class="t m1 x9 h10 y41 ff9 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">2 Some tools<span class="_e blank"></span>......................................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y42 ffa fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">2.1 Basic geometric concepts<span class="_f blank"></span>.......................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y43 ffa fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">2.2 Properties of irregular shapes<span class="_10 blank"></span>.................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y44 ffa fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">2.3 Approximate integration<span class="_11 blank"></span>..........................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y45 ffa fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">2.4 Computers<span class="_12 blank"></span>..............................................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y46 ffa fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">2.5 Appriximate formulae and rules<span class="_13 blank"></span>..............................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y47 ffa fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">2.6 Statistics<span class="_e blank"></span>.................................................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y48 ffa fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">2.7 Worked examples<span class="_14 blank"></span>...................................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y49 ffa fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">2.8 Problems<span class="_e blank"></span>.................................................................</div><div class="t m1 x9 h10 y4a ff9 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">3 Flotation and trim<span class="_15 blank"></span>...........................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y4b ffa fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">3.1 Flotation<span class="_16 blank"></span>..................................................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y4c ffa fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">3.2 Hydrostatic data<span class="_17 blank"></span>......................................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y4d ffa fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">3.3 Worked examples<span class="_14 blank"></span>...................................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y4e ffa fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">3.4 Problems<span class="_e blank"></span>.................................................................</div><div class="t m1 x9 h10 y4f ff9 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">4 Stability<span class="_18 blank"></span>............................................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y50 ffa fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">4.1 Initial stability<span class="_19 blank"></span>..........................................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y51 ffa fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">4.2 Complete stability<span class="_14 blank"></span>...................................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y52 ffa fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">4.3 Dynamical stability<span class="_1a blank"></span>..................................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y53 ffa fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">4.4 Stability assessment<span class="_1b blank"></span>...............................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y54 ffa fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">4.5 Problems<span class="_e blank"></span>.................................................................</div><div class="t m1 x9 h10 y55 ff9 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">5 Hazards and protection<span class="_1c blank"></span>..................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y56 ffa fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">5.1 Flooding and collision<span class="_1d blank"></span>.............................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y57 ffa fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">5.2 Safety of life at sea<span class="_1e blank"></span>.................................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y58 ffa fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">5.3 Other hazards<span class="_1f blank"></span>.........................................................</div><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[11,"XYZ",81,658,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:72.000000px;bottom:564.454280px;width:297.969220px;height:12.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[17,"XYZ",81,658,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:72.000000px;bottom:540.454280px;width:297.969220px;height:12.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[22,"XYZ",93,658,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:72.000000px;bottom:516.454280px;width:297.969220px;height:12.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[25,"XYZ",82,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:500.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[28,"XYZ",93,658,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:72.000000px;bottom:476.454280px;width:297.969220px;height:12.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[28,"XYZ",93,658,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:460.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[35,"XYZ",82,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:444.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[43,"XYZ",82,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:428.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[56,"XYZ",94,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:412.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[60,"XYZ",93,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:396.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[61,"XYZ",82,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:380.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[62,"XYZ",93,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:364.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[69,"XYZ",82,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:348.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[73,"XYZ",81,658,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:72.000000px;bottom:324.454280px;width:297.969220px;height:12.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[73,"XYZ",81,658,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:308.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[94,"XYZ",93,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:292.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[98,"XYZ",94,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:276.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[106,"XYZ",94,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:260.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[112,"XYZ",93,658,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:72.000000px;bottom:236.454280px;width:297.969220px;height:12.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[114,"XYZ",93,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:220.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[125,"XYZ",82,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:204.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[146,"XYZ",94,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:188.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[148,"XYZ",94,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:172.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[158,"XYZ",93,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:156.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[166,"XYZ",93,658,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:72.000000px;bottom:132.454280px;width:297.969220px;height:12.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[166,"XYZ",93,658,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:116.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[180,"XYZ",94,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:100.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[186,"XYZ",94,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:84.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,-36.161120,-36.545720]}'></div></div> <div id="pf6" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="6"><div class="pc pc6 w0 h0"><div class="t m1 xa h11 y59 ffb fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">5.4 Abnormal waves<span class="_20 blank"></span>.....................................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y5a ffb fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">5.5 Environmental pollution<span class="_11 blank"></span>..........................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y3e ffb fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">5.6 Problems<span class="_e blank"></span>.................................................................</div><div class="t m1 x9 h10 y3f ffc fs9 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">6 The ship girder<span class="_c blank"></span>................................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y40 ffb fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">6.1 The standard calculation<span class="_1c blank"></span>.........................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y5b ffb fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">6.2 Material considerations<span class="_21 blank"></span>...........................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y5c ffb fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">6.3 Conclusions<span class="_22 blank"></span>............................................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y5d ffb fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">6.4 Problems<span class="_e blank"></span>.................................................................</div><div class="t m1 x9 h10 y44 ffc fs9 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">7 Structural design and analysis<span class="_23 blank"></span>......................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y45 ffb fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">7.1 Stiffened plating<span class="_17 blank"></span>......................................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y46 ffb fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">7.2 Panels of plating<span class="_20 blank"></span>.....................................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y47 ffb fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">7.3 Frameworks<span class="_22 blank"></span>............................................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y48 ffb fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">7.4 Finite element techniques<span class="_f blank"></span>.......................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y49 ffb fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">7.5 Realistic assessment of structral elements<span class="_24 blank"></span>.............</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y5e ffb fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">7.6 Fittings<span class="_25 blank"></span>....................................................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y5f ffb fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">7.7 Problems<span class="_e blank"></span>.................................................................</div><div class="t m1 x9 h10 y4c ffc fs9 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">8 Launching and docking<span class="_26 blank"></span>.................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y4d ffb fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">8.1 Launching<span class="_d blank"></span>...............................................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y4e ffb fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">8.2 Docking<span class="_a blank"></span>...................................................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y60 ffb fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">8.3 Problems<span class="_e blank"></span>.................................................................</div><div class="t m1 x9 h10 y50 ffc fs9 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">9 The ship environment and human factors<span class="_27 blank"></span>...</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y51 ffb fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">9.1 The external environment. The sea<span class="_28 blank"></span>........................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y52 ffb fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">9.2 Waves<span class="_29 blank"></span>.....................................................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y53 ffb fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">9.3 Climate<span class="_25 blank"></span>....................................................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y54 ffb fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">9.4 Physical limitations<span class="_1e blank"></span>.................................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y61 ffb fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">9.5 The internal environment<span class="_2a blank"></span>........................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y62 ffb fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">9.6 Motions<span class="_a blank"></span>...................................................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y63 ffb fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">9.7 The air<span class="_29 blank"></span>.....................................................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y64 ffb fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">9.8 Lighting<span class="_a blank"></span>...................................................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y65 ffb fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">9.9 Vibration and noise<span class="_1e blank"></span>.................................................</div><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[192,"XYZ",94,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:572.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[193,"XYZ",82,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:556.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[193,"XYZ",82,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:540.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[198,"XYZ",93,696,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:72.000000px;bottom:516.454280px;width:297.969220px;height:12.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[200,"XYZ",94,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:500.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[240,"XYZ",94,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:484.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[250,"XYZ",94,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:468.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[251,"XYZ",82,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:452.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[258,"XYZ",93,658,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:72.000000px;bottom:428.454280px;width:297.969220px;height:12.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[261,"XYZ",82,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:412.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[268,"XYZ",93,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:396.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[277,"XYZ",82,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:380.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[295,"XYZ",82,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:364.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[297,"XYZ",82,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:348.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[301,"XYZ",82,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:332.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[302,"XYZ",94,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:316.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[307,"XYZ",81,658,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:72.000000px;bottom:292.454280px;width:297.969220px;height:12.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[307,"XYZ",81,658,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:276.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[316,"XYZ",94,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:260.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[320,"XYZ",94,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:244.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[323,"XYZ",81,658,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:72.000000px;bottom:220.454280px;width:297.969220px;height:12.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[324,"XYZ",93,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:204.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[327,"XYZ",82,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:188.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[359,"XYZ",82,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:172.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[364,"XYZ",93,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:156.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[365,"XYZ",82,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:140.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[366,"XYZ",94,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:124.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[368,"XYZ",93,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:108.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[369,"XYZ",82,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:92.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[371,"XYZ",82,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:76.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,-36.161120,-36.545720]}'></div></div> <div id="pf7" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="7"><div class="pc pc7 w0 h0"><div class="t m1 xa h11 y59 ffd fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">9.10 Human factors<span class="_17 blank"></span>......................................................</div><div class="t m1 xa h11 y5a ffd fsa fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">9.11 Problems<span class="_d blank"></span>...............................................................</div><div class="t m1 x9 h10 y66 ffe fs9 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws2c">Bibliography<span class="_16 blank"></span>.......................................................</div><div class="t m1 x9 h10 y67 ffe fs9 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4">Answers to problems<span class="_2b blank"></span>........................................</div><div class="t m1 x9 h10 y5b ffe fs9 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws2c">Index<span class="_2c blank"></span>...................................................................</div><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[381,"XYZ",82,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:572.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[383,"XYZ",82,674,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:90.000000px;bottom:556.454280px;width:279.969220px;height:10.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[386,"XYZ",93,658,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:72.000000px;bottom:532.454280px;width:297.969220px;height:12.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[389,"XYZ",81,696,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:72.000000px;bottom:508.454280px;width:297.969220px;height:12.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[394,"XYZ",93,658,null]'><div class="d m2" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:72.000000px;bottom:484.454280px;width:297.969220px;height:12.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,-36.161120,-36.545720]}'></div></div> <div id="pf8" class="pf w2 ha" data-page-no="8"><div class="pc pc8 w2 ha"><div class="t m0 x0 h1 ye ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws0">//SYS21///INTEGRA/BST/VOL1/REVISES 21-7-2001/<span class="ff2 ws1">BSTA01.3D </span><span class="ls0">±</span><span class="ff2 ws2d">11 </span><span class="ws2e">± [1±24/24] 26.7.2001 4:11PM</span></div><div class="t m1 x1 h2 y68 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws2f">Foreword to the ®fth edition</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y69 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws30">Over the last quarter of the last century there wer<span class="_2d blank"> </span>e many changes in the</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y6a ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws31">maritime scene. Ships may<span class="_2e blank"> </span>now be much larger; their<span class="_2e blank"> </span>speeds are generally</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y6b ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws32">higher; the crews have become drastically redu<span class="_2d blank"> </span>ced; there are many di\ue036erent</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y6c ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws33">types (including hovercraft, multi-hull designs<span class="_8 blank"> </span>and so on); much quicker and</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y6d ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws34">more accurate assessment<span class="_2d blank"> </span>s of stability, strength, mano<span class="_2d blank"> </span>euvring, motions and</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y6e ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws35">powering<span class="_2f blank"> </span>are<span class="_2f blank"> </span>possible<span class="_2f blank"> </span>using<span class="_2f blank"> </span>complex<span class="_2f blank"> </span>computer<span class="_2f blank"> </span>programs;<span class="_2f blank"> </span>on-board<span class="_2f blank"> </span>computer</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y6f ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws36">systems help the operators; ferries carry many more vehicles and passengers;</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y70 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws37">and<span class="_2f blank"> </span>so<span class="_2f blank"> </span>the<span class="_30 blank"> </span>list<span class="_2f blank"> </span>goes<span class="_30 blank"> </span>on.<span class="_2f blank"> </span>However,<span class="_2f blank"> </span>the<span class="_2f blank"> </span>fundamental<span class="_2f blank"> </span>concepts<span class="_30 blank"> </span>of<span class="_2f blank"> </span>naval<span class="_2f blank"> </span>architec-</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y71 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws38">ture, which the authors set out when <span class="fff ws39">Basic Ship Theory </span><span class="ws3a">was ®rst published,</span></div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y72 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws3b">remain as valid as ever.</div><div class="t m1 x3 h12 y73 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws3c">As with many other branches of engineering, quite rapid ad<span class="_2d blank"> </span>vances have been</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y74 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws3d">made in ship design, produ<span class="_2d blank"> </span>ction and operation. Many<span class="_8 blank"> </span>advances relate to the</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y75 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws3e">e\ue036ectiveness (in terms of<span class="_5 blank"> </span>money, manpow<span class="_2d blank"> </span>er and time) with which older<span class="_5 blank"> </span>proced-</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y76 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws3f">ures or methods can be accomplished<span class="_2d blank"> </span>. This is largely due to the<span class="_31 blank"> </span>greater</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y77 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws40">e\ue044ciency and lower co<span class="_2d blank"> </span>st of modern computers<span class="_5 blank"> </span>and proliferation of infor<span class="_2d blank"> </span>mation</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y78 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws41">available. Other ad<span class="_2d blank"> </span>vances are related<span class="_32 blank"> </span>to our fundamental<span class="_32 blank"> </span>understanding of</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y79 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws42">naval architecture and the environmen<span class="_2d blank"> </span>t in which ships operate. Thes<span class="_2d blank"> </span>e tend to</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y7a ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws43">be associated with the more advan<span class="_2d blank"> </span>ced aspects of the subject: more co<span class="_2d blank"> </span>mplex</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y7b ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws44">programs for analysing structures, for example, whi<span class="_2d blank"> </span>ch are not appropriate to a</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y7c ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws45">basic text book.</div><div class="t m1 x3 h12 y7d ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws46">The naval architect is a\ue036ected not only by changes<span class="_30 blank"> </span>in technology but also by</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y7e ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws47">changes in society itself<span class="_2d blank"> </span>. Fashions change as do the conc<span class="_2d blank"> </span>erns of the public, often</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y7f ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws48">stimulated by the press. Some tragic losses in the last few years of the twentieth</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y80 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws49">century brought increa<span class="_2d blank"> </span>sed public concern for the<span class="_32 blank"> </span>safety of ships and<span class="_32 blank"> </span>those</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y81 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4a">sailing in them, both<span class="_8 blank"> </span>passengers<span class="_8 blank"> </span>and crew.<span class="_8 blank"> </span>It mu<span class="_2d blank"> </span>st be recognized, of course,</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y82 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4b">that increased safety usually means more cost<span class="_30 blank"> </span>so that a con¯ict between money</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y83 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4c">and safety is to be<span class="_31 blank"> </span>expected. In spite of steps taken a<span class="_2d blank"> </span>s a result of these</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y84 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4d">experiences, there are, sadly, still many losses of ships, some quite large<span class="_33 blank"> </span>and</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y85 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4e">some involving signi®cant loss of life. It remai<span class="_2d blank"> </span>ns important, therefore, to strive</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y86 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws4f">to improve still further the safety of sh<span class="_2d blank"> </span>ips and protection of the environment.</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y87 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws50">Steady,<span class="_30 blank"> </span>if<span class="_30 blank"> </span>somew hat<span class="_2f blank"> </span>slow,<span class="_30 blank"> </span>progress<span class="_30 blank"> </span>is<span class="_2f blank"> </span>being<span class="_30 blank"> </span>made<span class="_30 blank"> </span>by<span class="_2f blank"> </span>the<span class="_30 blank"> </span>national<span class="_30 blank"> </span>and<span class="_30 blank"> </span>inter na-</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y88 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws51">tional bodies concerned. Public concern for the environm<span class="_2d blank"> </span>ent impacts upon ship</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y89 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws3b">design and operation. Thus, tankers must be designe<span class="_2d blank"> </span>d to reduce the risk of oil</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y8a ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws52">spillage<span class="_2f blank"> </span>and<span class="_33 blank"> </span>more<span class="_2f blank"> </span>dangerous<span class="_2f blank"> </span>cargoes<span class="_2f blank"> </span>must<span class="_33 blank"> </span>receive<span class="_2f blank"> </span>specia l<span class="_2f blank"> </span>attention<span class="_33 blank"> </span>to<span class="_2f blank"> </span>protect</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y8b ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws53">the public and nature. Respect for the environm<span class="_2d blank"> </span>ent including discharges into</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y8c ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws54">the sea is an important aspect of de®ning risk through<span class="_5 blank"> </span>accident<span class="_30 blank"> </span>or irresponsible</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y8d ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2">usage.</div><div class="t m1 x3 h12 y8e ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws55">A lot of information is now<span class="_8 blank"> </span>available on<span class="_8 blank"> </span>the Internet, includi<span class="_2d blank"> </span>ng results of</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 y8f ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws56">much research. Taking the Royal Institution of Naval Architects as an example</div><div class="t m1 xb h12 y90 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2">xi</div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,-36.161120,-36.545720]}'></div></div> <div id="pf9" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="9"><div class="pc pc9 w0 h0"><div class="t m0 x0 h1 y0 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws0">//SYS21///INTEGRA/BST/VOL1/REVISES 21-7-2001/<span class="ff2 ws1">BSTA01.3D </span><span class="ls0">±</span><span class="ff2 ws2d">12 </span><span class="ws2e">± [1±24/24] 26.7.2001 4:11PM</span></div><div class="t m1 x2 h12 y91 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws57">of a learned society, its webs<span class="_2d blank"> </span>ite makes available summ<span class="_2d blank"> </span>aries of technical papers</div><div class="t m1 x2 h12 y92 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws58">and<span class="_33 blank"> </span>enables<span class="_2f blank"> </span>member s<span class="_33 blank"> </span>to<span class="_33 blank"> </span>join<span class="_33 blank"> </span>in<span class="_33 blank"> </span>the<span class="_2f blank"> </span>discus sions<span class="_33 blank"> </span>of<span class="_33 blank"> </span>its<span class="_33 blank"> </span>technical<span class="_33 blank"> </span>groups.<span class="_33 blank"> </span>Other</div><div class="t m1 x2 h12 y93 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws35">data<span class="_6 blank"> </span>is<span class="_6 blank"> </span>avail able<span class="_5 blank"> </span>in<span class="_6 blank"> </span>a<span class="_6 blank"> </span>compact<span class="_5 blank"> </span>form<span class="_6 blank"> </span>on<span class="_6 blank"> </span>CD-rom.<span class="_5 blank"> </span>Clearly<span class="_6 blank"> </span>anything<span class="_5 blank"> </span>that<span class="_6 blank"> </span>improves</div><div class="t m1 x2 h12 y94 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws59">the amount and/or quality of information avail<span class="_2d blank"> </span>able to the naval architect is to</div><div class="t m1 x2 h12 y95 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws3b">be welcomed. However,<span class="_2f blank"> </span>it is considered<span class="_2f blank"> </span>that, for the<span class="_2f blank"> </span>present at any<span class="_2f blank"> </span>rate, there</div><div class="t m1 x2 h12 y96 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws35">remains<span class="_32 blank"> </span>a<span class="_34 blank"> </span>need<span class="_34 blank"> </span>for<span class="_32 blank"> </span>basic<span class="_34 blank"> </span>text<span class="_32 blank"> </span>books.<span class="_34 blank"> </span>The<span class="_32 blank"> </span>two<span class="_34 blank"> </span>are<span class="_32 blank"> </span>complementary.<span class="_32 blank"> </span>A<span class="_34 blank"> </span>basic</div><div class="t m1 x2 h12 y97 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws5a">understanding of the subject is<span class="_8 blank"> </span>needed<span class="_34 blank"> </span>before information from the Internet</div><div class="t m1 x2 h12 y98 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws37">can<span class="_33 blank"> </span>be<span class="_33 blank"> </span>used<span class="_8 blank"> </span>intelligently.<span class="_8 blank"> </span>In<span class="_33 blank"> </span>this<span class="_8 blank"> </span>edition<span class="_33 blank"> </span>we<span class="_8 blank"> </span>have<span class="_33 blank"> </span>maintained<span class="_8 blank"> </span>the<span class="_33 blank"> </span>objective<span class="_8 blank"> </span>of</div><div class="t m1 x2 h12 y99 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws5b">conveying principles and unde<span class="_2d blank"> </span>rstanding to help student and practitio<span class="_2d blank"> </span>ner in</div><div class="t m1 x2 h12 y9a ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws5c">their work.</div><div class="t m1 xc h12 y9b ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws5d">The authors have again been in a slight dilemma<span class="_2f blank"> </span>in deciding just how far to</div><div class="t m1 x2 h12 y9c ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws51">go in the subjects of each chapter. It is tempt<span class="_2d blank"> </span>ing to load the books with theo<span class="_2d blank"> </span>ries</div><div class="t m1 x2 h12 y9d ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws5e">which have become more<span class="_35 blank"> </span>and more advanced.<span class="_2e blank"> </span>What<span class="_2e blank"> </span>ha<span class="_2d blank"> </span>s been done is to</div><div class="t m1 x2 h12 y9e ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws5f">provide a glimpse into developments<span class="_33 blank"> </span>and advanced work with which students</div><div class="t m1 x2 h12 y9f ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws60">and practitioners must become<span class="_34 blank"> </span>familiar. Towards the end of ea<span class="_2d blank"> </span>ch chapter a</div><div class="t m1 x2 h12 ya0 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws61">section giving an outline of how matters<span class="_32 blank"> </span>are developi<span class="_2d blank"> </span>ng has been included</div><div class="t m1 x2 h12 ya1 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws62">which will help to lead<span class="_8 blank"> </span>students,<span class="_8 blank"> </span>with the<span class="_8 blank"> </span>aid of<span class="_8 blank"> </span>the Inter<span class="_2d blank"> </span>net, to all relevant</div><div class="t m1 x2 h12 ya2 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws63">references. Some web site address<span class="_2d blank"> </span>es have also been given.</div><div class="t m1 xc h12 ya3 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws64">It must be appreciated<span class="_2f blank"> </span>that standards change<span class="_2f blank"> </span>continually, as do<span class="_2f blank"> </span>the titles of</div><div class="t m1 x2 h12 ya4 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws65">organizations. Every attempt ha<span class="_2d blank"> </span>s been made to include the latest at<span class="_30 blank"> </span>the time of</div><div class="t m1 x2 h12 ya5 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws66">writing but the reader should always<span class="_8 blank"> </span>check source documents to see whether</div><div class="t m1 x2 h12 ya6 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws67">they still apply in detail at the time they are to<span class="_5 blank"> </span>be used. What the reader can rely</div><div class="t m1 x2 h12 ya7 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws3b">on is that the principles underlying such standards will still be relevant.</div><div class="t m1 x2 h12 ya8 fff fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws68">2001 <span class="ff4 ls6 ws69">KJR ECT</span></div><div class="t m1 x2 h12 ya9 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws6a">xii <span class="fff ws6b">Fo<span class="_0 blank"></span>rewo<span class="_0 blank"></span>rd to the fi<span class="_0 blank"></span>fth edit<span class="_0 blank"></span>io<span class="_0 blank"></span>n</span></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,-36.161120,-36.545720]}'></div></div> <div id="pfa" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="a"><div class="pc pca w0 h0"><div class="t m0 x0 h1 y0 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws0">//SYS21///INTEGRA/BST/VOL1/REVISES 21-7-2001/<span class="ff2 ws1">BSTA01.3D </span><span class="ls0">±</span><span class="ff2 ws2d">13 </span><span class="ws2e">± [1±24/24] 26.7.2001 4:11PM</span></div><div class="t m1 x1 h2 yaa ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws6c">Acknowledgements</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 yab ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws6d">The authors have deliberately refrained from quoting a large number of refer-</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 yac ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws37">ences.<span class="_34 blank"> </span>However,<span class="_34 blank"> </span>we<span class="_34 blank"> </span>wish<span class="_34 blank"> </span>to<span class="_8 blank"> </span>ackn owledge<span class="_34 blank"> </span>the<span class="_34 blank"> </span>contributions<span class="_34 blank"> </span>of<span class="_34 blank"> </span>many<span class="_34 blank"> </span>practi-</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 yad ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws6e">tioners and research worke<span class="_2d blank"> </span>rs to our understanding of<span class="_30 blank"> </span>naval<span class="_30 blank"> </span>architectur<span class="_2d blank"> </span>e, upon</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 yae ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws6f">whose work we have drawn. Many will be well known to any student of</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 yaf ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws70">engineering. Those early<span class="_34 blank"> </span>engineer<span class="_2d blank"> </span>s in the ®eld who set the funda<span class="_2d blank"> </span>mentals of</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 yb0 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws71">the<span class="_8 blank"> </span>sub ject,<span class="_34 blank"> </span>such<span class="_8 blank"> </span>as<span class="_34 blank"> </span>Bernoulli,<span class="_34 blank"> </span>Reynolds,<span class="_8 blank"> </span>the<span class="_34 blank"> </span>Froudes,<span class="_34 blank"> </span>Taylor,<span class="_8 blank"> </span>Timoshenk o,</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 yb1 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws72">Southwell and Simpson, are mentioned in the text because their<span class="_32 blank"> </span>names are</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 yb2 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws73">synonymous with sectio<span class="_2d blank"> </span>ns of naval architectur<span class="_2d blank"> </span>e.</div><div class="t m1 x3 h12 yb3 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws74">Others have developed our underst<span class="_2d blank"> </span>anding, with more precis<span class="_2d blank"> </span>e and compre-</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 yb4 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws62">hensive methods and theories as techn<span class="_2d blank"> </span>ology has advanced and the ability to</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 yb5 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws75">carry out complex computa<span class="_2d blank"> </span>tions improved. Some<span class="_2e blank"> </span>notable worke<span class="_2d blank"> </span>rs are not</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 yb6 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws76">quoted as their work<span class="_2f blank"> </span>has been too advanced<span class="_2f blank"> </span>for a book of this na<span class="_2d blank"> </span>ture.</div><div class="t m1 x3 h12 yb7 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws40">We are indebted to a number of organizations which have allowed us to draw</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 yb8 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws77">upon<span class="_32 blank"> </span>their<span class="_2e blank"> </span>publications,<span class="_2e blank"> </span>transactions,<span class="_2e blank"> </span>journals<span class="_32 blank"> </span>an d<span class="_2e blank"> </span>conference<span class="_32 blank"> </span>proceed ings.</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 yb9 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws78">This has enabled us to illustrate and quan<span class="_2d blank"> </span>tify some of the phenomena dis-</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 yba ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws79">cussed. These include the learne<span class="_2d blank"> </span>d societies, such as the Royal Institut<span class="_2d blank"> </span>ion of</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 ybb ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws7a">Naval<span class="_33 blank"> </span>Architects<span class="_33 blank"> </span>and<span class="_33 blank"> </span>the<span class="_33 blank"> </span>Society<span class="_33 blank"> </span>of<span class="_33 blank"> </span>Naval<span class="_33 blank"> </span>Architect s<span class="_33 blank"> </span>and<span class="_33 blank"> </span>Marine<span class="_33 blank"> </span>Engineers;</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 ybc ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws7b">research establishments, such as the<span class="_5 blank"> </span>Defe<span class="_2d blank"> </span>nce Evaluation and Research Agency<span class="_2d blank"> </span>,</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 ybd ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws37">the<span class="_31 blank"> </span>Taylor<span class="_31 blank"> </span>Model<span class="_35 blank"> </span>Basin,<span class="_31 blank"> </span>British<span class="_31 blank"> </span>Maritime<span class="_31 blank"> </span>Technology<span class="_31 blank"> </span>and<span class="_31 blank"> </span>MARIN;<span class="_31 blank"> </span>the</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 ybe ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws7c">classi®cation<span class="_33 blank"> </span>societies ;<span class="_8 blank"> </span>and<span class="_33 blank"> </span>Government<span class="_33 blank"> </span>dep artments<span class="_8 blank"> </span>such<span class="_33 blank"> </span>as<span class="_33 blank"> </span>the<span class="_8 blank"> </span>Ministry<span class="_33 blank"> </span>of</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 ybf ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws7d">Defence and the Department of the Environment, Transport<span class="_2f blank"> </span>and the Regions;</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 yc0 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws7e">publications such as tho<span class="_2d blank"> </span>se of the Internationa<span class="_2d blank"> </span>l Maritime Organisation<span class="_2f blank"> </span>and the</div><div class="t m1 x1 h12 yc1 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2 ws7f">International Towing<span class="_2f blank"> </span>Tank Conferences.</div><div class="t m1 xd h12 yc2 ff4 fsb fc0 sc0 ls2">xiii</div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,-36.161120,-36.545720]}'></div></div>
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