<div id="pf1" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="1"><div class="pc pc1 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt src="https://files.passeidireto.com/b93b23c6-d432-4a97-8d9a-10897d3b1261/bg1.png" alt="Pré-visualização de imagem de arquivo"></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf2" class="pf w2 h2" data-page-no="2"><div class="pc pc2 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">The Automoti<span class="blank _0"></span>v<span class="blank _0"></span>e Chassi<span class="blank _1"> </span>s</div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,-77.952797,-87.874001]}"></div></div> <div id="pf3" class="pf w2 h2" data-page-no="3"><div class="pc pc3 w2 h2"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x1 y2 w3 h4" alt src="https://files.passeidireto.com/b93b23c6-d432-4a97-8d9a-10897d3b1261/bg3.png" alt="Pré-visualização de imagem de arquivo"><div class="t m0 x1 h5 y3 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws1">Mechanical Engineering Series</div><div class="t m0 x1 h6 y4 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls2 ws2">Frederick F<span class="blank _2"></span>. Ling</div><div class="t m0 x1 h7 y5 ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 lsc ws3">Editor-in-Chief</div><div class="t m0 x1 h8 y6 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 lsd ws4">The Mechanical<span class="blank _3"> </span>Engineering<span class="blank _3"> </span>Serie<span class="blank _1"> </span>s features graduate<span class="blank _3"> </span>texts and<span class="blank _3"> </span>research monographs<span class="blank _3"> </span>to</div><div class="t m0 x1 h8 y7 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 lse ws5">address<span class="blank _4"> </span>the need<span class="blank _4"> </span>for i<span class="blank _1"> </span>nformation<span class="blank _4"> </span>in cont<span class="blank _1"> </span>empor<span class="lsf ws6">ary mechani<span class="blank _1"> </span>cal engineering,<span class="blank _4"> </span>incl<span class="blank _1"> </span>uding areas</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h8 y8 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls10 ws7">of concentration<span class="blank _4"> </span>of applied mechanics,<span class="blank _5"> </span>biomechanics,<span class="blank _5"> </span>computati<span class="blank _1"> </span>onal mechanics,<span class="blank _5"> </span>dynamical</div><div class="t m0 x1 h8 y9 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls11 ws8">systems and contr<span class="blank _1"> </span>ol, energetics, mechanics<span class="blank _3"> </span>of materials, processing,<span class="blank _6"> </span>production<span class="blank _6"> </span>systems,</div><div class="t m0 x1 h8 ya ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls12 ws9">thermal science, and tri<span class="blank _1"> </span>bology<span class="blank _7"></span>.</div><div class="t m0 x1 h7 yb ff2 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls13 wsa">Advisory Boar<span class="blank _7"></span>d/Series Editor<span class="blank _7"></span>s</div><div class="t m0 x1 h9 yc ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls3 wsb">Applied M<span class="blank _0"></span>echanics<span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="ff1 ls14 wsc">F<span class="blank _2"></span>.A. Leckie</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 ha yd ff1 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls4 wsd">Uni<span class="blank _0"></span>versity of Californ<span class="blank _0"></span>ia,</div><div class="t m0 x2 ha ye ff1 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls15 wse">Santa B<span class="blank _1"> </span>arbara</div><div class="t m0 x2 ha yf ff1 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls16 wsf">D. Gross</div><div class="t m0 x2 ha y10 ff1 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls14 ws10">T<span class="blank _2"></span>echnical University o<span class="blank _0"></span>f Darmstadt</div><div class="t m0 x1 h9 y11 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls17 ws11">Biome<span class="blank _1"> </span>chanic<span class="blank _1"> </span>s <span class="ff1 ls18 ws12">V.<span class="blank _9"> </span>C<span class="blank _9"> </span>.<span class="blank _4"> </span>M<span class="blank _9"> </span>o w</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 ha y12 ff1 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws13">Columb<span class="blank _0"></span>ia Uni<span class="blank _0"></span>versity</div><div class="t m0 x1 h9 y13 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws14">Computatio<span class="blank _0"></span>nal Mechanics<span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="ff1 ls19 ws15">H.T<span class="blank _2"></span>. Y<span class="blank _2"></span>ang</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 ha y14 ff1 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls4 wsd">Uni<span class="blank _0"></span>versity of Californ<span class="blank _0"></span>ia,</div><div class="t m0 x2 ha y15 ff1 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls15 wse">Santa B<span class="blank _1"> </span>arbara</div><div class="t m0 x1 h9 y16 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls15 ws16">Dynamic<span class="blank _b"> </span>System<span class="blank _1"> </span>s and Con<span class="blank _1"> </span>trol/<span class="blank _c"> </span><span class="ff1 ls17 ws17">D. Bryant</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h9 y17 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 lsa ws18">Mechatr<span class="blank _0"></span>onics <span class="ff1 ls17 ws19">Univ<span class="blank _0"></span>ersit<span class="blank _1"> </span>y of T<span class="blank _7"></span>exas at Aus<span class="blank _1"> </span>tin</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h9 y18 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1a ws1a">Energetics <span class="ff1 ls6 ws1b">J.R. W<span class="blank _2"></span>elty</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 ha y19 ff1 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1b ws1c">University of Oregon, Euge<span class="blank _1"> </span>ne</div><div class="t m0 x1 h9 y1a ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws1d">Mechanics of Materia<span class="blank _0"></span>ls<span class="blank _d"> </span><span class="ff1 ls1c ws1e">I. Finnie</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 ha y1b ff1 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls7 ws1f">Uni<span class="blank _0"></span>versity of Californ<span class="blank _0"></span>ia, Berkeley</div><div class="t m0 x1 h9 y1c ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls8 ws20">Processing <span class="ff1 ls1d ws21">K.K. W<span class="blank _2"></span>ang</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 ha y1d ff1 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls1e ws22">Cornell Univ<span class="blank _0"></span>ersity</div><div class="t m0 x1 h9 y1e ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws23">Productio<span class="blank _0"></span>n Systems<span class="blank _e"> </span><span class="ff1 ls9 ws24">G.-A. Klutke</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 ha y1f ff1 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls9 ws25">T<span class="blank _2"></span>exas A&M Uni<span class="blank _7"></span>versity</div><div class="t m0 x1 h9 y20 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls5 ws26">Thermal Science<span class="blank _f"> </span><span class="ff1 lsa ws27">A.E. Bergles</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 ha y21 ff1 fs4 fc0 sc0 lsb ws28">Rensselaer Polytech<span class="blank _0"></span>nic Institute</div><div class="t m0 x1 h9 y22 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls17 ws29">T<span class="blank _7"></span>ribology <span class="ff1 ls1f ws2a">W. O .<span class="blank _4"> </span>W i n<span class="blank _10"> </span>e r</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 ha y23 ff1 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls20 ws2b">Georgia Institute of T<span class="blank _2"></span>echnology</div><div class="t m0 x1 h8 y24 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls21 ws2c">For other titles published<span class="blank _b"> </span>in this series,<span class="blank _b"> </span>go to</div><div class="t m0 x1 h8 y25 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls22 ws2d">http://<span class="blank _1"> </span>www<span class="blank _7"></span>.spr<span class="blank _1"> </span>inger<span class="blank _7"></span>.<span class="blank _1"> </span>com/1161</div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,-77.952797,-87.874001]}"></div></div> <div id="pf4" class="pf w2 h2" data-page-no="4"><div class="pc pc4 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y26 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls25 ws2e">Giancarlo Genta<span class="blank _11"> </span><span class="ff4 fs2 ls23">•</span><span class="ls26 ws2f">Lorenzo Morello</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 hb y27 ff1 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls27 ws30">The Automoti<span class="blank _2"></span>ve Chassis</div><div class="t m0 x1 hc y28 ff1 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls24 ws31">V<span class="blank _12"></span>ol. 2: System<span class="blank _13"> </span>Design</div><div class="t m0 x3 hd y29 ff5 fs7 fc1 sc0 ls14 ws32">A<span class="ls28">BC</span></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,-77.952797,-87.874001]}"></div></div> <div id="pf5" class="pf w2 h2" data-page-no="5"><div class="pc pc5 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x1 h8 y2a ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls2c ws34">Prof. Dr<span class="blank _7"></span>. Gi<span class="blank _1"> </span>ancarlo Genta</div><div class="t m0 x1 h8 y2b ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls2d ws35">Politecn<span class="blank _0"></span>ico T<span class="blank _2"></span>orino</div><div class="t m0 x1 h8 y2c ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls12 ws36">Dipartimento di<span class="blank _b"> </span>Meccanica</div><div class="t m0 x1 h8 y2d ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls2e ws37">Corso Duca de<span class="blank _7"></span>gli<span class="blank _b"> </span>Abru<span class="blank _0"></span>zzi, 24</div><div class="t m0 x1 h8 y2e ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls2f ws38">10129 T<span class="blank _2"></span>or<span class="blank _1"> </span>ino</div><div class="t m0 x1 h8 y2f ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls30">Italy</div><div class="t m0 x1 h8 y30 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls31 ws39">gianc<span class="blank _0"></span>arlo.gen<span class="blank _0"></span>ta@polito<span class="blank _0"></span>.it</div><div class="t m0 x4 h8 y31 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls2d ws35">Politecn<span class="blank _0"></span>ico di T<span class="blank _2"></span>orino</div><div class="t m0 x4 h8 y32 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls32 ws3a">Ingegneria dell’A<span class="blank _1"> </span>utoveicolo</div><div class="t m0 x4 h8 y33 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls33 ws3b">via Nizza, 230</div><div class="t m0 x4 h8 y34 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls2f ws38">10126 T<span class="blank _2"></span>or<span class="blank _1"> </span>ino</div><div class="t m0 x4 h8 y35 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls30">Italy</div><div class="t m0 x4 h8 y36 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls29 ws3c">lorenzo<span class="blank _0"></span>.morello@po<span class="blank _0"></span>lito.it.</div><div class="t m0 x1 h8 y37 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls2f ws3d">ISBN<span class="blank _1"> </span>: 978-1-4020-8673-1<span class="blank _14"> </span>e-ISB<span class="blank _1"> </span>N: 978-1-4020-8675-<span class="blank _1"> </span>5</div><div class="t m0 x1 he y38 ff1 fs8 fc0 sc0 ls34 ws3e">Library of Congress Control<span class="blank _b"> </span>Number: 2008937827</div><div class="t m0 x5 he y39 ff1 fs8 fc0 sc0 ls14">c</div><div class="t m0 x1 he y3a ff6 fs8 fc0 sc0 ls2a"><span class="ff1 ls35 ws3f">2009 Springer<span class="blank _15"> </span>Science+Business<span class="blank _b"> </span>Media B.V<span class="blank _2"></span>.</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 he y3b ff1 fs8 fc0 sc0 ls36 ws40">No part of this work may be reproduced,<span class="blank _b"> </span>s<span class="blank _1"> </span>tored in a retriev<span class="blank _7"></span>al<span class="blank _5"> </span>sys<span class="blank _1"> </span>tem, or transmitted<span class="blank _5"> </span>in any form or by</div><div class="t m0 x1 he y3c ff1 fs8 fc0 sc0 ls37 ws41">any<span class="blank _16"> </span>means, electronic, mechanical,<span class="blank _15"> </span>photocopying, mi<span class="ls38 ws42">crofilming, recording or otherwise, without written</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 he y3d ff1 fs8 fc0 sc0 ls39 ws43">permission f<span class="blank _1"> </span>rom the Publisher, with the exception o<span class="ls3a ws44">f any material<span class="blank _b"> </span>supplied<span class="blank _b"> </span>specifically<span class="blank _5"> </span>for the purpose</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 he y3e ff1 fs8 fc0 sc0 ls3b ws45">of being entered and executed on a<span class="blank _16"> </span>computer sys<span class="blank _1"> </span>tem<span class="ls3c ws46">, for exclusi<span class="blank _7"></span>ve us<span class="blank _1"> </span>e by the purchaser of the work.</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 he y3f ff1 fs8 fc0 sc0 ls3d ws47">Printed on acid-free paper</div><div class="t m0 x1 he y40 ff1 fs8 fc0 sc0 ls2b ws48">9876543 21</div><div class="t m0 x1 he y41 ff1 fs8 fc0 sc0 ls3e ws49">springer<span class="blank _7"></span>.<span class="blank _1"> </span>com</div><div class="t m0 x4 h8 y42 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 lse ws33">Pr<span class="blank _1"> </span>o<span class="blank _1"> </span>f<span class="blank _1"> </span>. <span class="blank _1"> </span>D<span class="blank _1"> </span>r<span class="blank _1"> </span>. <span class="blank _1"> </span>Lor<span class="blank _1"> </span>enzo Morel<span class="blank _1"> </span>lo</div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,-77.952797,-87.874001]}"></div></div> <div id="pf6" class="pf w2 h2" data-page-no="6"><div class="pc pc6 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x1 hf y43 ff7 fs9 fc1 sc0 ls40">CONTENTS</div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 y44 ff8 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls41 ws33">SYMBOLS LIST<span class="blank _17"> </span>xi</div><div class="t m0 x1 h11 y45 ff9 fsa fc2 sc0 ls42 ws4a">I I I<span class="blank _18"> </span>FUNCTIONS<span class="blank _3"> </span>AND<span class="blank _13"> </span>SPECIFICA<span class="blank _19"></span>TIONS<span class="blank _1a"> </span>1</div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 y46 ff8 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls14 ws4b">INTR<span class="blank _0"></span>ODUCTION<span class="blank _6"> </span>TO<span class="blank _1b"> </span>P<span class="blank _2"></span>AR<span class="blank _19"></span>T<span class="blank _6"> </span>I I I<span class="blank _1c"> </span>3</div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 y47 ff8 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls41 ws4c">17 TRANSPOR<span class="blank _2"></span>T<span class="blank _19"></span>A<span class="blank _2"></span>TION<span class="blank _6"> </span>ST<span class="blank _19"></span>A<span class="blank _2"></span>TISTICS<span class="blank _1d"> </span>7</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y48 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls43 ws4d">17.1<span class="blank _1e"> </span>T<span class="blank _2"></span>raffic volume<span class="blank _1f"> </span><span class="ls3f ws4e">........................... 9</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y49 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws4f">17.2<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Op erating<span class="blank _4"> </span>fleet<span class="blank _20"> </span><span class="ls3f ws50">........................... 1<span class="blank _21"></span>7</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y4a ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls45 ws51">17.3<span class="blank _1e"> </span>So cial<span class="blank _4"> </span>impact<span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="ls3f ws50">............................ 2<span class="blank _21"></span>3</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 y4b ff8 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws52">18 VEHICLE<span class="blank _6"> </span>FUNCTIONS<span class="blank _22"> </span>33</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y4c ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws4d">18.1<span class="blank _1e"> </span>System design<span class="blank _23"> </span><span class="ls3f ws50">........................... 3<span class="blank _21"></span>3</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y4d ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws53">18.2<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Ob jectiv<span class="blank _0"></span>e<span class="blank _4"> </span>requirements<span class="blank _1f"> </span><span class="ls3f ws50">...................... 4<span class="blank _21"></span>2</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y4e ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws53">18.3<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Sub jectiv<span class="blank _0"></span>e<span class="blank _4"> </span>requirements<span class="blank _24"> </span><span class="ls3f ws50">...................... 5<span class="blank _21"></span>4</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y4f ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws4d">18.4<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Aging resistance<span class="blank _25"> </span><span class="ls3f ws50">.......................... 6<span class="blank _21"></span>2</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 y50 ff8 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls41 ws4c">19 REGULA<span class="blank _2"></span>TIONS<span class="blank _26"> </span>71</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y51 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws54">19.1<span class="blank _1e"> </span>V<span class="blank _2"></span>ehicle system<span class="blank _27"> </span><span class="ls3f ws50">........................... 7<span class="blank _21"></span>3</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y52 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws55">19.2<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Wheels<span class="blank _1f"> </span>. . . <span class="ls3f ws50">............................ 8<span class="blank _21"></span>2</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y53 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws4d">19.3<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Steering system<span class="blank _28"> </span><span class="ls3f ws50">.......................... 8<span class="blank _21"></span>6</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y54 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws4d">19.4<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Braking system <span class="ls3f ws50">........................... 8<span class="blank _21"></span>9</span></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,-77.952797,-87.874001]}"></div></div> <div id="pf7" class="pf w2 h2" data-page-no="7"><div class="pc pc7 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x1 h12 y55 ffb fs3 fc2 sc0 ls47 ws56">vi Conten<span class="blank _7"></span>ts</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y56 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls41 ws57">19.5<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Structures .<span class="blank _13"> </span>.<span class="blank _24"> </span><span class="ls3f ws50">............................ 9<span class="blank _21"></span>6</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y57 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws55">19.6<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Gearb<span class="blank _1"> </span>o<span class="blank _0"></span>x<span class="blank _5"> </span>. . . <span class="ls3f ws50">............................ 9<span class="blank _21"></span>8</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h11 y58 ff9 fsa fc2 sc0 ls48 ws58">IV<span class="blank _18"> </span>THE CHASSIS AS A P<span class="blank _19"></span>AR<span class="blank _19"></span>T OF THE VEHICLE</div><div class="t m0 x1 h11 y59 ff9 fsa fc2 sc0 ls42 ws59">SYSTEM 101</div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 y5a ff8 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls41 ws33">INTR<span class="blank _0"></span>ODUCTION TO P<span class="blank _2"></span>AR<span class="blank _19"></span>T IV<span class="blank _29"> </span>103</div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 y5b ff8 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls41 ws4c">20 GENERAL<span class="blank _6"> </span>CHARA<span class="blank _7"></span>CTERISTICS<span class="blank _2a"> </span>105</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y5c ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws5a">20.1<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Symmetry considerations<span class="blank _2b"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">..................... 1<span class="blank _21"></span>0<span class="blank _21"></span>5</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y5d ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls41 ws5c">20.2<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Reference frames<span class="blank _13"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">.......................... 1<span class="blank _21"></span>0<span class="blank _21"></span>6</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y5e ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws5d">20.3<span class="blank _1e"> </span>P<span class="blank _0"></span>osition of the center of mass <span class="ls3f ws5b">................... 1<span class="blank _21"></span>0<span class="blank _21"></span>8</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y5f ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws5e">20.4<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Mass<span class="blank _4"> </span>distribution<span class="blank _1b"> </span>among<span class="blank _4"> </span>the<span class="blank _4"> </span>v<span class="blank _7"></span>arious<span class="blank _1b"> </span>bo dies<span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="ls46 ws5f">........... 1<span class="blank _21"></span>1<span class="blank _21"></span>0</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y60 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws5d">20.5<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Momen<span class="blank _0"></span>ts of inertia<span class="blank _1b"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">......................... 1<span class="blank _21"></span>1<span class="blank _21"></span>1</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 y61 ff8 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws60">21<span class="blank _1b"> </span>AN O<span class="blank _7"></span>VER<span class="blank _19"></span>VIEW ON MOTOR VEHICLE AEROD<span class="blank _7"></span>YNAMICS<span class="blank _2c"> </span>115</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y62 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws54">21.1<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Aero<span class="blank _1"> </span>dynamic forces and momen<span class="blank _0"></span>ts<span class="blank _1f"> </span><span class="ls46 ws5f">................ 1<span class="blank _21"></span>1<span class="blank _21"></span>7</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y63 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls41 ws61">21.2<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Aero<span class="blank _1"> </span>dynamic field around a v<span class="blank _0"></span>ehicle<span class="blank _2d"> </span><span class="ls46 ws5f">............... 1<span class="blank _21"></span>2<span class="blank _21"></span>6</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y64 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws5e">21.3<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Aero dynamic<span class="blank _4"> </span>drag<span class="blank _2e"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">......................... 1<span class="blank _21"></span>3<span class="blank _21"></span>4</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y65 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls45 ws62">21.4<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Lift and pitc<span class="blank _0"></span>hing moment<span class="blank _13"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">..................... 1<span class="blank _21"></span>4<span class="blank _21"></span>8</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y66 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws63">21.5<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Side force and roll and y<span class="blank _0"></span>a<span class="blank _0"></span>w moments<span class="blank _28"> </span><span class="ls46 ws5f">.............. 1<span class="blank _21"></span>5<span class="blank _21"></span>2</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y67 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws5e">21.6<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Exp erimen<span class="blank _0"></span>tal<span class="blank _4"> </span>study<span class="blank _1b"> </span>of<span class="blank _4"> </span>aero dynamic<span class="blank _4"> </span>forces<span class="blank _4"> </span><span class="ls46 ws5f">............ 1<span class="blank _21"></span>5<span class="blank _21"></span>4</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y68 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws5e">21.7<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Numerical<span class="blank _4"> </span>aero dynamics<span class="blank _28"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">..................... 1<span class="blank _21"></span>6<span class="blank _21"></span>1</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 y69 ff8 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws52">22 PRIME<span class="blank _6"> </span>MO<span class="blank _7"></span>VERS<span class="blank _6"> </span>F<span class="blank _7"></span>OR<span class="blank _6"> </span>MOTOR VEHICLES<span class="blank _2f"> </span>165</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y6a ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws64">22.1<span class="blank _1e"> </span>V<span class="blank _2"></span>ehicular<span class="blank _4"> </span>engines <span class="ls3f ws5b">.......................... 1<span class="blank _21"></span>6<span class="blank _21"></span>7</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y6b ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws65">22.2<span class="blank _1e"> </span>In<span class="blank _0"></span>ternal<span class="blank _4"> </span>combustion engines <span class="ls3f ws5b">.................... 1<span class="blank _21"></span>6<span class="blank _21"></span>9</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y6c ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws54">22.3<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Electric v<span class="blank _0"></span>ehicles<span class="blank _30"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">.......................... 1<span class="blank _21"></span>7<span class="blank _21"></span>4</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y6d ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws63">22.4<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Hybrid v<span class="blank _0"></span>ehicles<span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">........................... 1<span class="blank _21"></span>7<span class="blank _21"></span>8</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 y6e ff8 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws52">23 DRIVING<span class="blank _1b"> </span>DYNAMIC<span class="blank _1b"> </span>PERFORMANCE<span class="blank _31"> </span>185</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y6f ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws63">23.1<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Load distribution on the ground<span class="blank _25"> </span><span class="ls46 ws5f">................. 1<span class="blank _21"></span>8<span class="blank _21"></span>5</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y70 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls45 ws66">23.2<span class="blank _1e"> </span>T<span class="blank _2"></span>otal<span class="blank _4"> </span>resistance<span class="blank _1b"> </span>to<span class="blank _4"> </span>motion <span class="ls3f ws5b">..................... 1<span class="blank _21"></span>9<span class="blank _21"></span>3</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y71 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls45 ws67">23.3<span class="blank _1e"> </span>P<span class="blank _0"></span>o<span class="blank _0"></span>w<span class="blank _0"></span>er needed for motion<span class="blank _30"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">..................... 1<span class="blank _21"></span>9<span class="blank _21"></span>5</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y72 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls45 ws68">23.4<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Av<span class="blank _7"></span>ailable<span class="blank _4"> </span>p ow<span class="blank _7"></span>er<span class="blank _1b"> </span>at<span class="blank _4"> </span>the<span class="blank _4"> </span>wheels<span class="blank _32"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">.................. 1<span class="blank _21"></span>9<span class="blank _21"></span>8</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y73 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls41 ws69">23.5<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Maxim<span class="blank _0"></span>um p<span class="blank _1"> </span>o<span class="blank _0"></span>w<span class="blank _0"></span>er that can b<span class="blank _1"> </span>e transferred to the road<span class="blank _3"> </span>.<span class="blank _13"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">..... 1<span class="blank _21"></span>9<span class="blank _21"></span>9</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y74 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws4f">23.6<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Maxim<span class="blank _0"></span>um<span class="blank _4"> </span>sp eed<span class="blank _25"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">.......................... 2<span class="blank _21"></span>0<span class="blank _21"></span>6</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y75 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws54">23.7<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Gradeabilit<span class="blank _0"></span>y and initial c<span class="blank _0"></span>hoice of the transmission ratios<span class="blank _5"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">.... 2<span class="blank _21"></span>0<span class="blank _21"></span>8</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y76 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws6a">23.8<span class="blank _1e"> </span>F<span class="blank _2"></span>uel consumption at constant speed<span class="blank _27"> </span><span class="ls46 ws5f">............... 2<span class="blank _21"></span>1<span class="blank _21"></span>0</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y77 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws4d">23.9<span class="blank _1e"> </span>V<span class="blank _2"></span>ehicle take-off from rest<span class="blank _25"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">..................... 2<span class="blank _21"></span>1<span class="blank _21"></span>5</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y78 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws6b">23.10<span class="blank _28"> </span>Acceleration <span class="ls3f ws5b">............................ 2<span class="blank _21"></span>2<span class="blank _21"></span>0</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y79 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws6a">23.11<span class="blank _28"> </span>F<span class="blank _2"></span>uel consumption in actual driving conditions<span class="blank _28"> </span><span class="ls46 ws5f">......... 2<span class="blank _21"></span>2<span class="blank _21"></span>6</span></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,-77.952797,-87.874001]}"></div></div> <div id="pf8" class="pf w2 h2" data-page-no="8"><div class="pc pc8 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x7 h12 y55 ffb fs3 fc2 sc0 ls47 ws6c">Conten<span class="blank _7"></span>ts vii</div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 y56 ff8 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws52">24 BRAKING<span class="blank _1b"> </span>DYNAMIC<span class="blank _1b"> </span>PERFORMANCE<span class="blank _33"> </span>231</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y7a ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws4d">24.1<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Braking in ideal conditions<span class="blank _25"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">.................... 2<span class="blank _21"></span>3<span class="blank _21"></span>1</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y7b ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws4d">24.2<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Braking in actual conditions<span class="blank _23"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">................... 2<span class="blank _21"></span>3<span class="blank _21"></span>6</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y7c ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws4f">24.3<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Braking<span class="blank _4"> </span>p ow<span class="blank _7"></span>er<span class="blank _25"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">........................... 2<span class="blank _21"></span>4<span class="blank _21"></span>2</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 y7d ff8 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws52">25 HANDLING<span class="blank _6"> </span>PERF<span class="blank _7"></span>ORMANCE<span class="blank _34"> </span>247</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y7e ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws4f">25.1<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Lo<span class="blank _0"></span>w<span class="blank _4"> </span>sp eed<span class="blank _1b"> </span>or<span class="blank _4"> </span>kinematic<span class="blank _4"> </span>steering<span class="blank _11"> </span><span class="ls46 ws5f">................. 2<span class="blank _21"></span>4<span class="blank _21"></span>7</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y7f ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws6a">25.2<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Ideal steering<span class="blank _13"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">............................ 2<span class="blank _21"></span>5<span class="blank _21"></span>5</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y80 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls41 ws51">25.3<span class="blank _1e"> </span>High<span class="blank _4"> </span>sp eed<span class="blank _1b"> </span>cornering:<span class="blank _4"> </span>simplified<span class="blank _4"> </span>approach<span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="ls46 ws5f">............ 2<span class="blank _21"></span>6<span class="blank _21"></span>5</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y81 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls41 ws33">25.4<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Definition of understeer and o<span class="blank _0"></span>versteer<span class="blank _27"> </span><span class="ls46 ws5f">.............. 2<span class="blank _21"></span>6<span class="blank _21"></span>8</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y82 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls41 ws51">25.5<span class="blank _1e"> </span>High<span class="blank _4"> </span>sp eed<span class="blank _1b"> </span>cornering<span class="blank _2d"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">....................... 2<span class="blank _21"></span>7<span class="blank _21"></span>1</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y83 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws4f">25.6<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Steady-state<span class="blank _4"> </span>lateral<span class="blank _1b"> </span>behavior<span class="blank _27"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">................... 2<span class="blank _21"></span>8<span class="blank _21"></span>5</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y84 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws4d">25.7<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Neutral p<span class="blank _1"> </span>oin<span class="blank _0"></span>t and static margin<span class="blank _23"> </span><span class="ls46 ws5f">................. 2<span class="blank _21"></span>8<span class="blank _21"></span>8</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y85 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls41 ws62">25.8<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Resp<span class="blank _1"> </span>onse to external forces and momen<span class="blank _0"></span>ts<span class="blank _35"> </span><span class="ls46 ws5f">............ 2<span class="blank _21"></span>9<span class="blank _21"></span>0</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y86 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws54">25.9<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Slip steering<span class="blank _36"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">............................ 2<span class="blank _21"></span>9<span class="blank _21"></span>3</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y87 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws6d">25.10<span class="blank _28"> </span>Influence of longitudinal forces on handling<span class="blank _35"> </span><span class="ls46 ws5f">........... 2<span class="blank _21"></span>9<span class="blank _21"></span>4</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y88 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws6a">25.11<span class="blank _28"> </span>T<span class="blank _2"></span>ransversal load shift<span class="blank _11"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">....................... 2<span class="blank _21"></span>9<span class="blank _21"></span>7</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y89 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls43 ws4f">25.12<span class="blank _28"> </span>T<span class="blank _2"></span>o e<span class="blank _4"> </span>in<span class="blank _13"> </span><span class="ls46 ws5f">................................ 2<span class="blank _21"></span>9<span class="blank _21"></span>9</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y8a ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws4f">25.13<span class="blank _28"> </span>Effect<span class="blank _4"> </span>of<span class="blank _1b"> </span>the<span class="blank _4"> </span>elasto-kinematic<span class="blank _4"> </span>b ehavior<span class="blank _4"> </span>of<span class="blank _4"> </span>susp ensions</div><div class="t m0 x8 h10 y8b ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls46 ws6e">a<span class="blank _21"></span>n<span class="blank _21"></span>d<span class="blank _37"></span>o<span class="blank _21"></span>f<span class="blank _37"></span>t<span class="blank _21"></span>h<span class="blank _21"></span>e<span class="blank _37"></span>c<span class="blank _21"></span>o<span class="blank _21"></span>m<span class="blank _21"></span>p<span class="blank _21"></span>l<span class="blank _21"></span>i<span class="blank _21"></span>a<span class="blank _21"></span>n<span class="blank _21"></span>c<span class="blank _21"></span>e<span class="blank _37"></span>o<span class="blank _21"></span>f<span class="blank _37"></span>t<span class="blank _21"></span>h<span class="blank _21"></span>e<span class="blank _37"></span>c<span class="blank _21"></span>h<span class="blank _21"></span>a<span class="blank _21"></span>s<span class="blank _21"></span>s<span class="blank _21"></span>i<span class="blank _21"></span>s ...............<span class="blank _1b"> </span>3<span class="blank _21"></span>0<span class="blank _21"></span>0</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y8c ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls45 ws62">25.14<span class="blank _28"> </span>Stability of the v<span class="blank _7"></span>ehicle<span class="blank _1b"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">....................... 3<span class="blank _21"></span>0<span class="blank _21"></span>1</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y8d ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls45 ws6f">25.15<span class="blank _28"> </span>Unstationary motion <span class="ls3f ws5b">........................ 3<span class="blank _21"></span>1<span class="blank _21"></span>2</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y8e ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws6a">25.16<span class="blank _28"> </span>V<span class="blank _2"></span>ehicles with tw<span class="blank _7"></span>o steering axles (4WS)<span class="blank _36"> </span><span class="ls46 ws5f">............. 3<span class="blank _21"></span>1<span class="blank _21"></span>9</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y8f ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws5e">25.18<span class="blank _28"> </span>Multib o dy<span class="blank _4"> </span>articulated<span class="blank _1b"> </span>v<span class="blank _7"></span>ehicles<span class="blank _11"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">.................. 3<span class="blank _21"></span>4<span class="blank _21"></span>1</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y90 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls45 ws51">25.19<span class="blank _28"> </span>Limits<span class="blank _4"> </span>of<span class="blank _1b"> </span>linearized<span class="blank _4"> </span>mo dels<span class="blank _25"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">.................... 3<span class="blank _21"></span>4<span class="blank _21"></span>7</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 y91 ff8 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls45 ws70">26 COMF<span class="blank _0"></span>OR<span class="blank _19"></span>T<span class="blank _6"> </span>PERF<span class="blank _0"></span>ORMANCE<span class="blank _38"> </span>349</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y92 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws4d">26.1<span class="blank _1e"> </span>In<span class="blank _0"></span>ternal excitation<span class="blank _2e"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">......................... 3<span class="blank _21"></span>5<span class="blank _21"></span>0</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y93 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls45 ws71">26.2<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Road excitation<span class="blank _36"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">.......................... 3<span class="blank _21"></span>5<span class="blank _21"></span>4</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y94 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws54">26.3<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Effects of vibration on the h<span class="blank _0"></span>uman b<span class="blank _1"> </span>o<span class="blank _1"> </span>dy<span class="blank _27"> </span><span class="ls46 ws5f">............. 3<span class="blank _21"></span>5<span class="blank _21"></span>7</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y95 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls41 ws72">26.4<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Quarter-car<span class="blank _4"> </span>mo dels<span class="blank _2d"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">........................ 3<span class="blank _21"></span>5<span class="blank _21"></span>9</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y96 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls45 ws71">26.5<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Hea<span class="blank _0"></span>v<span class="blank _0"></span>e and pitc<span class="blank _0"></span>h motion<span class="blank _20"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">...................... 3<span class="blank _21"></span>9<span class="blank _21"></span>4</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y97 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls43 ws73">26.6<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Roll motion<span class="blank _1b"> </span>.<span class="blank _24"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">............................ 4<span class="blank _21"></span>1<span class="blank _21"></span>3</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y98 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws6a">26.7<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Effect of nonlinearities<span class="blank _1b"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">....................... 4<span class="blank _21"></span>1<span class="blank _21"></span>7</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y99 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws63">26.8<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Concluding remarks on ride comfort<span class="blank _2e"> </span><span class="ls46 ws5f">............... 4<span class="blank _21"></span>2<span class="blank _21"></span>6</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 y9a ff8 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws52">27 CONTR<span class="blank _0"></span>OL<span class="blank _1b"> </span>OF<span class="blank _6"> </span>THE<span class="blank _6"> </span>CHASSIS</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y9b ff8 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls41 ws6d">AND ‘BY WIRE’ SYSTEMS<span class="blank _39"> </span>429</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y9c ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls45 ws74">27.1<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Motor v<span class="blank _0"></span>ehicle con<span class="blank _0"></span>trol<span class="blank _30"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">....................... 4<span class="blank _21"></span>2<span class="blank _21"></span>9</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y9d ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls41 ws75">27.2<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Mo<span class="blank _1"> </span>dels for the v<span class="blank _0"></span>ehicle-driv<span class="blank _0"></span>er system<span class="blank _2e"> </span><span class="ls46 ws5f">............... 4<span class="blank _21"></span>3<span class="blank _21"></span>5</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y9e ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws5e">27.3<span class="blank _1e"> </span>An<span class="blank _0"></span>tilo c<span class="blank _0"></span>k<span class="blank _4"> </span>(ABS)<span class="blank _1b"> </span>and<span class="blank _4"> </span>antispin<span class="blank _5"> </span>(ASR)<span class="blank _1b"> </span>systems<span class="blank _30"> </span><span class="ls46 ws5f">.......... 4<span class="blank _21"></span>5<span class="blank _21"></span>0</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 y9f ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls45 ws67">27.4<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Handling con<span class="blank _0"></span>trol<span class="blank _20"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">.......................... 4<span class="blank _21"></span>5<span class="blank _21"></span>7</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 ya0 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws4f">27.5<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Susp ensions<span class="blank _4"> </span>control<span class="blank _1f"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">........................ 4<span class="blank _21"></span>6<span class="blank _21"></span>8</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 ya1 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls43 ws76">27.6 <span class="ffc ls14 ws77">By wir<span class="blank _7"></span>e<span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="ffa ls3f ws78">s<span class="blank _21"></span>y<span class="blank _21"></span>s<span class="blank _21"></span>t<span class="blank _21"></span>e<span class="blank _21"></span>m<span class="blank _21"></span>s ..........................<span class="blank _6"> </span>4<span class="blank _21"></span>9<span class="blank _21"></span>1</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 ya2 ffd fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws6a">25.17<span class="blank _28"> </span>Mo<span class="blank _1"> </span>del with 4 degrees of freedom for articulated vehicles<span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">.... 3<span class="blank _21"></span>2<span class="blank _21"></span>2</span></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,-77.952797,-87.874001]}"></div></div> <div id="pf9" class="pf w2 h2" data-page-no="9"><div class="pc pc9 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x1 h12 y55 ffb fs3 fc2 sc0 ls49 ws79">viii Conten<span class="blank _7"></span>ts</div><div class="t m0 x1 h11 y56 ff9 fsa fc2 sc0 ls48 ws7a">V<span class="blank _18"> </span>MA<span class="blank _19"></span>THEMA<span class="blank _19"></span>TICAL MODELLING<span class="blank _3a"> </span>497</div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 ya3 ff8 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls41 ws33">INTR<span class="blank _0"></span>ODUCTION TO P<span class="blank _2"></span>AR<span class="blank _19"></span>T V<span class="blank _3b"> </span>499</div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 ya4 ff8 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws52">28 MA<span class="blank _2"></span>THEMA<span class="blank _19"></span>TICAL<span class="blank _6"> </span>MODELS<span class="blank _1b"> </span>FOR<span class="blank _1b"> </span>THE<span class="blank _6"> </span>VEHICLE<span class="blank _3c"> </span>503</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 ya5 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls45 ws51">28.1<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Mathematical<span class="blank _4"> </span>mo dels<span class="blank _1b"> </span>for<span class="blank _4"> </span>design<span class="blank _23"> </span><span class="ls46 ws5f">................. 5<span class="blank _21"></span>0<span class="blank _21"></span>4</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 ya6 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws5e">28.2<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Con<span class="blank _0"></span>tin<span class="blank _0"></span>uous<span class="blank _4"> </span>and<span class="blank _1b"> </span>discretized<span class="blank _4"> </span>mo dels<span class="blank _13"> </span><span class="ls46 ws5f">................ 5<span class="blank _21"></span>0<span class="blank _21"></span>7</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 ya7 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws5e">28.3<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Analytical<span class="blank _4"> </span>and<span class="blank _1b"> </span>n<span class="blank _7"></span>umerical<span class="blank _1b"> </span>models<span class="blank _24"> </span><span class="ls46 ws5f">................. 5<span class="blank _21"></span>0<span class="blank _21"></span>9</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 ya8 ff8 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls41 ws4c">29 MUL<span class="blank _2"></span>TIBOD<span class="blank _7"></span>Y<span class="blank _6"> </span>MODELLING<span class="blank _39"> </span>511</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 ya9 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws54">29.1<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Isolated v<span class="blank _0"></span>ehicle<span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">........................... 5<span class="blank _21"></span>1<span class="blank _21"></span>3</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yaa ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws5e">29.2<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Linearized<span class="blank _4"> </span>mo del<span class="blank _1b"> </span>for<span class="blank _4"> </span>the<span class="blank _4"> </span>isolated<span class="blank _1b"> </span>v<span class="blank _7"></span>ehicle<span class="blank _4"> </span><span class="ls46 ws5f">............. 5<span class="blank _21"></span>1<span class="blank _21"></span>5</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yab ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws5e">29.3<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Mo del<span class="blank _4"> </span>with<span class="blank _1b"> </span>10<span class="blank _4"> </span>degrees<span class="blank _4"> </span>of<span class="blank _1b"> </span>freedom<span class="blank _4"> </span>with<span class="blank _4"> </span>lo ck<span class="blank _7"></span>ed<span class="blank _1b"> </span>con<span class="blank _7"></span>trols<span class="blank _1b"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">..... 5<span class="blank _21"></span>4<span class="blank _21"></span>1</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yac ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws5e">29.4<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Mo dels<span class="blank _4"> </span>of<span class="blank _1b"> </span>deformable<span class="blank _4"> </span>v<span class="blank _0"></span>ehicles<span class="blank _b"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">................... 5<span class="blank _21"></span>6<span class="blank _21"></span>5</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yad ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws7b">29.5<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Articulated v<span class="blank _0"></span>ehicles<span class="blank _11"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">........................ 5<span class="blank _21"></span>7<span class="blank _21"></span>2</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yae ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls41 ws69">29.6<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Gyroscopic momen<span class="blank _0"></span>ts and other second order effects<span class="blank _36"> </span>.<span class="blank _13"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">..... 5<span class="blank _21"></span>7<span class="blank _21"></span>3</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 yaf ff8 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls41 ws4c">30 TRANSMISSION<span class="blank _6"> </span>MODELS<span class="blank _3d"> </span>577</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yb0 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws7c">30.1<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Coupling b<span class="blank _1"> </span>et<span class="blank _0"></span>w<span class="blank _0"></span>een comfort and driv<span class="blank _0"></span>eline vibration<span class="blank _1f"> </span>.<span class="blank _24"> </span>.<span class="blank _13"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">..... 5<span class="blank _21"></span>7<span class="blank _21"></span>8</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yb1 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws5e">30.2<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Dynamic<span class="blank _4"> </span>mo del<span class="blank _1b"> </span>of<span class="blank _4"> </span>the<span class="blank _4"> </span>engine<span class="blank _24"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">................... 5<span class="blank _21"></span>8<span class="blank _21"></span>0</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yb2 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws7d">30.3<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Driv<span class="blank _0"></span>eline<span class="blank _1f"> </span>. . <span class="ls3f ws5b">............................ 5<span class="blank _21"></span>9<span class="blank _21"></span>6</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yb3 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws6a">30.4<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Inertia of the v<span class="blank _0"></span>ehicle<span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">........................ 5<span class="blank _21"></span>9<span class="blank _21"></span>9</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yb4 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls41 ws61">30.5<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Linearized driv<span class="blank _0"></span>eline mo<span class="blank _1"> </span>del<span class="blank _28"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">.................... 6<span class="blank _21"></span>0<span class="blank _21"></span>1</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yb5 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws5e">30.6<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Non-time-in<span class="blank _0"></span>v<span class="blank _7"></span>arian<span class="blank _0"></span>t<span class="blank _4"> </span>mo dels<span class="blank _23"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">.................... 6<span class="blank _21"></span>0<span class="blank _21"></span>6</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yb6 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws5e">30.7<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Multib o dy<span class="blank _4"> </span>driveline<span class="blank _4"> </span>mo dels<span class="blank _24"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">.................... 6<span class="blank _21"></span>1<span class="blank _21"></span>4</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 yb7 ff8 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls41 ws4c">31 MODELS<span class="blank _6"> </span>F<span class="blank _7"></span>OR<span class="blank _6"> </span>TIL<span class="blank _19"></span>TING<span class="blank _6"> </span>BOD<span class="blank _7"></span>Y<span class="blank _6"> </span>VEHICLES<span class="blank _3e"> </span>617</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yb8 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws4f">31.1<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Susp ensions<span class="blank _4"> </span>for<span class="blank _1b"> </span>high<span class="blank _4"> </span>roll<span class="blank _4"> </span>angles<span class="blank _1b"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">.................. 6<span class="blank _21"></span>1<span class="blank _21"></span>9</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yb9 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws5e">31.2<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Linearized<span class="blank _4"> </span>rigid<span class="blank _1b"> </span>bo dy<span class="blank _1b"> </span>model<span class="blank _28"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">................... 6<span class="blank _21"></span>3<span class="blank _21"></span>0</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yba ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls45 ws71">31.3<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Dynamic tilting con<span class="blank _0"></span>trol<span class="blank _25"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">...................... 6<span class="blank _21"></span>4<span class="blank _21"></span>9</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 ybb ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws7e">31.4<span class="blank _1e"> </span>Handling-comfort coupling<span class="blank _30"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">.................... 6<span class="blank _21"></span>5<span class="blank _21"></span>2</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 ybc ff8 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls14 ws7f">A<span class="blank _35"> </span>EQUA<span class="blank _19"></span>T<span class="blank _1"> </span>IONS OF MOTION IN THE ST<span class="blank _2"></span>A<span class="blank _19"></span>TE</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 ybd ff8 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws60">AND CONFIGURA<span class="blank _2"></span>TION SP<span class="blank _19"></span>ACES<span class="blank _3f"> </span>665</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 ybe ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws5a">A.1<span class="blank _40"> </span>Equations of motion of discrete linear systems<span class="blank _23"> </span><span class="ls46 ws5f">......... 6<span class="blank _21"></span>6<span class="blank _21"></span>5</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 ybf ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws80">A.2<span class="blank _40"> </span>Stabilit<span class="blank _0"></span>y<span class="blank _4"> </span>of<span class="blank _1b"> </span>linear<span class="blank _4"> </span>dynamic<span class="blank _4"> </span>systems <span class="ls46 ws5f">................ 6<span class="blank _21"></span>7<span class="blank _21"></span>0</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yc0 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls41 ws61">A.3<span class="blank _40"> </span>Closed form solution of the forced resp<span class="blank _1"> </span>onse<span class="blank _35"> </span><span class="ls46 ws5f">........... 6<span class="blank _21"></span>7<span class="blank _21"></span>9</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yc1 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws7c">A.4<span class="blank _40"> </span>Nonlinear dynamic systems<span class="blank _41"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">.................... 6<span class="blank _21"></span>7<span class="blank _21"></span>9</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yc2 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws63">A.5<span class="blank _40"> </span>Lagrange equations in the configuration and state space<span class="blank _13"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">.... 6<span class="blank _21"></span>8<span class="blank _21"></span>1</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yc3 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws63">A.6<span class="blank _40"> </span>Hamilton equations and phase space<span class="blank _13"> </span><span class="ls46 ws5f">............... 6<span class="blank _21"></span>8<span class="blank _21"></span>4</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yc4 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws5e">A.7<span class="blank _40"> </span>Lagrange<span class="blank _4"> </span>equations<span class="blank _1b"> </span>in<span class="blank _4"> </span>terms<span class="blank _4"> </span>of<span class="blank _1b"> </span>pseudo<span class="blank _4"> </span>co ordinates<span class="blank _3"> </span>.<span class="blank _24"> </span>.<span class="blank _13"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">..... 6<span class="blank _21"></span>8<span class="blank _21"></span>5</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yc5 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls45 ws71">A.8<span class="blank _40"> </span>Motion of a rigid b<span class="blank _1"> </span>o<span class="blank _1"> </span>dy<span class="blank _15"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">....................... 6<span class="blank _21"></span>8<span class="blank _21"></span>9</span></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,-77.952797,-87.874001]}"></div></div> <div id="pfa" class="pf w2 h2" data-page-no="a"><div class="pc pca w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x9 h12 y55 ffb fs3 fc2 sc0 ls47 ws6c">Conten<span class="blank _7"></span>ts ix</div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 y56 ff8 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws81">B<span class="blank _27"> </span>D<span class="blank _7"></span>YNAMICS OF MOTOR CYCLES<span class="blank _42"> </span>697</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yc6 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws63">B.1<span class="blank _43"> </span>Basic definitions<span class="blank _25"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">.......................... 6<span class="blank _21"></span>9<span class="blank _21"></span>9</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yc7 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls3f ws5b">B<span class="blank _21"></span>.<span class="blank _21"></span>2<span class="blank _44"> </span>L<span class="blank _21"></span>o<span class="blank _45"></span>c<span class="blank _46"></span>k<span class="blank _46"></span>e<span class="blank _21"></span>d<span class="blank _37"></span>c<span class="blank _21"></span>o<span class="blank _21"></span>n<span class="blank _46"></span>t<span class="blank _21"></span>r<span class="blank _21"></span>o<span class="blank _21"></span>l<span class="blank _21"></span>s<span class="blank _37"></span>m<span class="blank _21"></span>o<span class="blank _45"></span>d<span class="blank _21"></span>e<span class="blank _21"></span>l<span class="blank _2"></span>....................... 7<span class="blank _21"></span>0<span class="blank _21"></span>3</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yc8 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls45 ws51">B.3<span class="blank _43"> </span>Lo c<span class="blank _0"></span>k<span class="blank _0"></span>ed<span class="blank _4"> </span>controls<span class="blank _4"> </span>stability<span class="blank _b"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">...................... 7<span class="blank _46"></span>0<span class="blank _21"></span>9</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yc9 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls45 ws82">B.4<span class="blank _43"> </span>Steady-state motion<span class="blank _35"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">........................ 7<span class="blank _21"></span>1<span class="blank _21"></span>5</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yca ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls3f ws83">B<span class="blank _21"></span>.<span class="blank _21"></span>5<span class="blank _44"> </span>F<span class="blank _47"></span>r<span class="blank _21"></span>e<span class="blank _21"></span>e<span class="blank _37"></span>c<span class="blank _21"></span>o<span class="blank _21"></span>n<span class="blank _46"></span>t<span class="blank _21"></span>r<span class="blank _21"></span>o<span class="blank _21"></span>l<span class="blank _21"></span>s<span class="blank _37"></span>m<span class="blank _21"></span>o<span class="blank _45"></span>d<span class="blank _21"></span>e<span class="blank _21"></span>l ........................ 7<span class="blank _21"></span>1<span class="blank _21"></span>7</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 ycb ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls45 ws5a">B.6<span class="blank _43"> </span>Stabilit<span class="blank _0"></span>y at large roll angles<span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">.................... 7<span class="blank _46"></span>2<span class="blank _21"></span>3</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 ycc ff8 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls41 ws5d">C<span class="blank _27"> </span>WHEELED VEHICLES F<span class="blank _7"></span>OR EXTRA<span class="blank _2"></span>TERRESTRIAL</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 ycd ff8 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws84">ENVIR<span class="blank _0"></span>ONMENTS 729</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yce ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws54">C.1<span class="blank _43"> </span>The Lunar Ro<span class="blank _7"></span>ving V<span class="blank _2"></span>ehicle (LR<span class="blank _2"></span>V) of the Apollo missions <span class="ls3f ws5b">.... 7<span class="blank _21"></span>3<span class="blank _21"></span>0</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 ycf ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls3f ws5b">C<span class="blank _21"></span>.<span class="blank _21"></span>2<span class="blank _44"> </span>T<span class="blank _46"></span>y<span class="blank _46"></span>p<span class="blank _45"></span>e<span class="blank _21"></span>s<span class="blank _37"></span>o<span class="blank _21"></span>f<span class="blank _37"></span>m<span class="blank _21"></span>i<span class="blank _21"></span>s<span class="blank _21"></span>s<span class="blank _21"></span>i<span class="blank _21"></span>o<span class="blank _21"></span>n<span class="blank _21"></span>s<span class="blank _3"> </span>......................... 7<span class="blank _21"></span>3<span class="blank _21"></span>3</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yd0 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws85">C.3<span class="blank _43"> </span>En<span class="blank _7"></span>vironmental conditions<span class="blank _20"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">..................... 7<span class="blank _21"></span>3<span class="blank _21"></span>4</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yd1 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls45 ws86">C.4<span class="blank _43"> </span>Mobilit<span class="blank _7"></span>y<span class="blank _4"> </span>. . . <span class="ls3f ws5b">............................ 7<span class="blank _21"></span>3<span class="blank _21"></span>6</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yd2 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls3f ws87">C<span class="blank _21"></span>.<span class="blank _21"></span>5<span class="blank _44"> </span>B<span class="blank _46"></span>e<span class="blank _21"></span>h<span class="blank _21"></span>a<span class="blank _46"></span>v<span class="blank _21"></span>i<span class="blank _21"></span>o<span class="blank _21"></span>r<span class="blank _37"></span>o<span class="blank _21"></span>f<span class="blank _37"></span>v<span class="blank _46"></span>e<span class="blank _21"></span>h<span class="blank _21"></span>i<span class="blank _21"></span>c<span class="blank _21"></span>l<span class="blank _21"></span>e<span class="blank _21"></span>s<span class="blank _37"></span>i<span class="blank _21"></span>n<span class="blank _37"></span>l<span class="blank _21"></span>o<span class="blank _46"></span>w<span class="blank _37"></span>g<span class="blank _21"></span>r<span class="blank _21"></span>a<span class="blank _46"></span>v<span class="blank _21"></span>i<span class="blank _21"></span>t<span class="blank _46"></span>y ................<span class="blank _6"> </span>7<span class="blank _21"></span>3<span class="blank _21"></span>8</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yd3 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls3f ws5b">C<span class="blank _21"></span>.<span class="blank _21"></span>6<span class="blank _44"> </span>P<span class="blank _46"></span>o<span class="blank _46"></span>w<span class="blank _46"></span>e<span class="blank _46"></span>r<span class="blank _37"></span>s<span class="blank _21"></span>y<span class="blank _21"></span>s<span class="blank _21"></span>t<span class="blank _21"></span>e<span class="blank _21"></span>m<span class="blank _19"></span>............................ 7<span class="blank _21"></span>4<span class="blank _21"></span>2</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yd4 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls3f ws5b">C<span class="blank _21"></span>.<span class="blank _21"></span>7<span class="blank _44"> </span>C<span class="blank _46"></span>o<span class="blank _21"></span>n<span class="blank _21"></span>c<span class="blank _21"></span>l<span class="blank _21"></span>u<span class="blank _21"></span>s<span class="blank _21"></span>i<span class="blank _21"></span>o<span class="blank _21"></span>n<span class="blank _21"></span>s<span class="blank _19"></span>............................. 7<span class="blank _21"></span>4<span class="blank _21"></span>3</div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 yd5 ff8 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls41 ws33">D<span class="blank _2e"> </span>PROBLEMS RELA<span class="blank _19"></span>TED TO RO<span class="blank _7"></span>AD ACCIDENTS<span class="blank _48"> </span>745</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yd6 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws54">D.1<span class="blank _40"> </span>V<span class="blank _19"></span>ehicle collision:<span class="blank _1b"> </span>Impulsiv<span class="blank _0"></span>e mo<span class="blank _1"> </span>del<span class="blank _36"> </span><span class="ls46 ws5f">................ 7<span class="blank _21"></span>4<span class="blank _21"></span>6</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yd7 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws5e">D.2<span class="blank _40"> </span>V<span class="blank _19"></span>ehicle<span class="blank _1b"> </span>collision:<span class="blank _4"> </span>Second<span class="blank _1b"> </span>appro<span class="blank _7"></span>ximation<span class="blank _1b"> </span>mo del<span class="blank _1f"> </span><span class="ls46 ws5f">......... 7<span class="blank _21"></span>6<span class="blank _21"></span>0</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yd8 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls45 ws71">D.3<span class="blank _40"> </span>Motion after the collision<span class="blank _27"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">..................... 7<span class="blank _21"></span>7<span class="blank _21"></span>4</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yd9 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls45 ws86">D.4<span class="blank _40"> </span>Rollo<span class="blank _7"></span>ver<span class="blank _6"> </span>. . . <span class="ls3f ws5b">............................ 7<span class="blank _46"></span>8<span class="blank _21"></span>1</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yda ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls41 ws61">D.5<span class="blank _40"> </span>Motion of transported ob<span class="blank _10"> </span>jects during the impact<span class="blank _20"> </span>.<span class="blank _24"> </span>.<span class="blank _13"> </span>.<span class="blank _24"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">..... 7<span class="blank _46"></span>9<span class="blank _21"></span>1</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 ydb ff8 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws60">E<span class="blank _25"> </span>D<span class="blank _0"></span>A<span class="blank _2"></span>T<span class="blank _19"></span>A ON V<span class="blank _19"></span>ARIOUS VEHICLES<span class="blank _49"> </span>799</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 ydc ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls43 ws61">E.1<span class="blank _4a"> </span>Small car (a)<span class="blank _2e"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">............................ 7<span class="blank _21"></span>9<span class="blank _21"></span>9</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 ydd ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls45 ws74">E.2<span class="blank _4a"> </span>Small car (b)<span class="blank _20"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">............................ 8<span class="blank _21"></span>0<span class="blank _21"></span>1</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 yde ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls45 ws74">E.3<span class="blank _4a"> </span>Small car (c)<span class="blank _4b"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">............................ 8<span class="blank _21"></span>0<span class="blank _21"></span>3</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 ydf ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls3f ws88">E<span class="blank _21"></span>.<span class="blank _21"></span>4<span class="blank _18"> </span>M<span class="blank _46"></span>e<span class="blank _21"></span>d<span class="blank _21"></span>i<span class="blank _21"></span>u<span class="blank _21"></span>m<span class="blank _37"></span>s<span class="blank _21"></span>i<span class="blank _21"></span>z<span class="blank _21"></span>e<span class="blank _37"></span>s<span class="blank _21"></span>a<span class="blank _21"></span>l<span class="blank _21"></span>o<span class="blank _45"></span>o<span class="blank _21"></span>n<span class="blank _37"></span>c<span class="blank _21"></span>a<span class="blank _21"></span>r<span class="blank _37"></span>(<span class="blank _21"></span>a<span class="blank _21"></span>) ....................<span class="blank _6"> </span>8<span class="blank _21"></span>0<span class="blank _21"></span>5</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 ye0 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls3f ws89">E<span class="blank _21"></span>.<span class="blank _21"></span>5<span class="blank _18"> </span>M<span class="blank _46"></span>e<span class="blank _21"></span>d<span class="blank _21"></span>i<span class="blank _21"></span>u<span class="blank _21"></span>m<span class="blank _37"></span>s<span class="blank _21"></span>i<span class="blank _21"></span>z<span class="blank _21"></span>e<span class="blank _37"></span>s<span class="blank _21"></span>a<span class="blank _21"></span>l<span class="blank _21"></span>o<span class="blank _45"></span>o<span class="blank _21"></span>n<span class="blank _37"></span>c<span class="blank _21"></span>a<span class="blank _21"></span>r<span class="blank _37"></span>(<span class="blank _21"></span>b<span class="blank _21"></span>) ....................<span class="blank _6"> </span>8<span class="blank _21"></span>0<span class="blank _21"></span>7</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 ye1 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls3f ws5b">E<span class="blank _21"></span>.<span class="blank _21"></span>6<span class="blank _18"> </span>S<span class="blank _46"></span>p<span class="blank _45"></span>o<span class="blank _21"></span>r<span class="blank _21"></span>t<span class="blank _21"></span>s<span class="blank _37"></span>c<span class="blank _21"></span>a<span class="blank _21"></span>r<span class="blank _37"></span>(<span class="blank _21"></span>a<span class="blank _21"></span>)<span class="blank _20"> </span>........................... 8<span class="blank _21"></span>0<span class="blank _21"></span>8</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 ye2 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls3f ws5b">E<span class="blank _21"></span>.<span class="blank _21"></span>7<span class="blank _18"> </span>S<span class="blank _46"></span>p<span class="blank _45"></span>o<span class="blank _21"></span>r<span class="blank _21"></span>t<span class="blank _21"></span>s<span class="blank _37"></span>c<span class="blank _21"></span>a<span class="blank _21"></span>r<span class="blank _37"></span>(<span class="blank _21"></span>b<span class="blank _21"></span>)<span class="blank _13"> </span>........................... 8<span class="blank _21"></span>1<span class="blank _21"></span>1</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 ye3 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls3f ws8a">E<span class="blank _21"></span>.<span class="blank _21"></span>8<span class="blank _18"> </span>V<span class="blank _47"></span>a<span class="blank _46"></span>n .................................<span class="blank _6"> </span>8<span class="blank _21"></span>1<span class="blank _21"></span>2</div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 ye4 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws5a">E.9<span class="blank _4a"> </span>Hea<span class="blank _0"></span>vy articulated truc<span class="blank _0"></span>k<span class="blank _2e"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">...................... 8<span class="blank _21"></span>1<span class="blank _21"></span>4</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h10 ye5 ffa fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws4d">E.10<span class="blank _18"> </span>Racing motorcycle<span class="blank _41"> </span><span class="ls3f ws5b">......................... 8<span class="blank _21"></span>1<span class="blank _21"></span>6</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 ye6 ff8 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls41 ws6d">BIBLIOGRAPHY OF V<span class="blank _0"></span>OLUME 2<span class="blank _4c"> </span>821</div><div class="t m0 x1 h10 ye7 ff8 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls44 ws8b">INDEX 825</div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,-77.952797,-87.874001]}"></div></div>
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