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Universidade Católica de Moçambique
Instituto de Educação à Distância
Present, past and future simple of verbs “to be, to do and to have”
Mirela Albino Messias e Código N.º 708204432
 Curso: Português
Disciplina: English
Ano de Frequência: 1º Ano
Gurúè, Abril, 2020
Universidade Católica de Moçambique
Instituto de Educação à Distância
Present, past and future simple of verbs “to be, to do and to have”
Mirela Albino Messias e Código N.º 708204432
	Trabalho de campo a ser apresentado ao IED – Universidade Católica de Moçambique com caracter avaliativo na cadeira de Tronco Comum: Inglês para o 1º ano do curso de Licenciatura em Ensino da Língua Portuguesa.
 Docente: dr. Juvéncio Adriano Manai
Gurué, Abril, 2020
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Conteúdo
1.	Introduction	6
1.	Simple present tense (negative & interrogative form)	7
1.1.	Simple Present	7
1.2.	How to Form the Simple Present	7
1.3.	How to Make the Simple Present Negative (negative form)	8
1.4.	How to Ask a Question (interrogative form)	8
1.5.	Common Verbs in the Simple Present	8
1.6.	The Verb to Be in the Simple Present	9
2.	Present, past and future continuous (negative & interrogative forms)	9
2.1.	Present Continuous: Negatives and Questions	9
2.1.1.	Forming a negative	9
2.1.2.	Forming a question	9
3.	Present, past and future perfect tenses (negative & interrogative forms)	10
3.1.	Negative sentences	10
3.2.	Questions in Present Perfect	11
3.2.1.	Present perfect	11
3.2.2.	Yes/No questions	11
3.2.3.	Special questions	12
4.	Conclusion	13
5.	Bibliography Reference	14
14
Introduction
This is English duty given to UCM-IED students attending training Portuguese teacher.
The basic aim of this task is to provide to the student of ability to distinguish information in Simple Present, Simple Past and Simple Future in their affirmative, negative and interrogative sentences describing sports, daily, cultural and leisure activities in some English-speaking countries to refer to habits, generalizations and permanent facts.
1. Simple present tense (negative & interrogative form)
Simple Present
The simple present is a verb tense with two main uses. We use the simple present tense when an action is happening right now, or when it happens regularly (or unceasingly, which is why it’s sometimes called present indefinite). Depending on the person, the simple present tense is formed by using the root form or by adding s or es to the end.
· Examples: I feel great! Pauline loves pie. I’m sorry to hear that you’re sick.
The other is to talk about habitual actions or occurrences.
· Examples: Pauline practices the piano every day. Ms. Jackson travels during the summer. Hamsters run all night.
Typically, when we want to describe a temporary action that is currently in progress, we use the present continuous: Pauline can’t come to the phone right now because she is brushing her teeth.
How to Form the Simple Present
In the simple present, most regular verbs use the root form, except in the third-person singular (which ends in -s).
· First-person singular: I write
· Second-person singular: You write
· Third-person singular: He/she/it writes (note the s)
· First-person plural: We write
· Second-person plural: You write
· Third-person plural: They write
For a few verbs, the third-person singular ends with -es instead of -s. Typically, these are verbs whose root form ends in o, ch, sh, th, ss, gh, or z.
· First-person singular: I go
· Second-person singular: You go
· Third-person singular: He/she/it goes (note the es)
· First-person plural: We go
· Second-person plural: You go
· Third-person plural: They go
For most regular verbs, you put the negation of the verb before the verb, e.g. “She won’t go” or “I don’t smell anything.”
· The verb to be is irregular:
· First-person singular: I am
· Second-person singular: You are
· Third-person singular: He/she/it is
· First-person plural: We are
· Second-person plural: You are
· Third-person plural: They are
How to Make the Simple Present Negative (negative form)
The formula for making a simple present verb negative is do/does + not + [root form of verb]. You can also use the contraction don’t or doesn’t instead of do not or does not.
· Example: Pauline does not want to share the pie. She doesn’t think there is enough to go around. Her friends do not agree. I don’t want pie anyway.
To make the verb to be negative, the formula is [to be] + not.
· Example: I am not a pie lover, but Pauline sure is. You aren’t ready for such delicious pie.
How to Ask a Question (interrogative form)
The formula for asking a question in the simple present is do/does + [subject]+ [root form of verb].
· Example: Do you know how to bake a pie? How much does Pauline love pie?
Common Verbs in the Simple Present
	Infinitive
	I, You, We, They
	He, She, It
	to ask
	ask / do not ask
	asks / does not ask
	to work
	work / do not work
	works / does not work
	to call
	call / do not call
	calls / does not call
	to use
	use / do not use
	uses / does not use
	to have
	have / do not have
	has / does not have
The Verb to Be in the Simple Present
	Infinitive
	I
	You, We, They
	He, She, It
	to be
	am / am not
	are / are not
	is / is not
Present, past and future continuous (negative & interrogative forms)
Present Continuous: Negatives and Questions
Note that In the present continuous tense, negative forms are made using not, and question forms are made by changing the word order of the sentence. In the following are going to be explained the rules.
Forming a negative
Negatives in the present continuous are formed by adding not or n't after the verb be:
	Positive sentence
	Negative sentence
	Contracted negative
	I am eating.
	I am not eating.
	I'm not eating.
	You are working.
	You are not working.
	You aren't working.
	He is driving.
	He is not driving.
	He isn't driving.
	She is teaching.
	She is not teaching.
	She isn't teaching.
	It is raining.
	It is not raining.
	It isn't raining.
	We are reading.
	We are not reading.
	We aren't reading.
	They are writing.
	They are not writing.
	They aren't writing.
Forming a question
Yes/no questions are created by moving the verb be to the beginning of the sentence. Wh-questions are formed by moving the verb be, and then adding the Wh- word. Here are the rules:
	Statement
	Yes/no question
	WH- question
	I am eating.
	Am I eating?
	What am I eating?
	You are crying.
	Are you crying?
	Why are you crying?
	He is going.
	Is he going?
	Where is he going?
	She is arriving.
	Is she arriving?
	When is she arriving?
	It is sleeping.
	Is it sleeping?
	Why is it sleeping?
	We are leaving.
	Are we leaving?
	When are we leaving?
	They are fighting.
	Are they fighting?
	Why are they fighting?
Present, past and future perfect tenses (negative & interrogative forms)
We use the Present Perfect to talk about actions or events in the past that still have an effect on the present moment. The focus is on the result.
Negative sentences
To talk about actions that haven’t happened in recent past, we use negative sentences in Present Perfect.
To make negative statements in the Present Perfect, we use: have / has + not + Past Participle
	Singular
	Plural
	I have not (haven’t) visited
	We haven’t visited
	You haven’t visited
	You haven’t visited
	He/she/it hasn’t visited
	They haven’t visited
We often use ‘yet ‘in negative Present Perfect sentences. ExampleS:
· Jim hasn’t phoned me yet.
· I’ve been waiting since morning.
· I’m not ready to go.
· I haven’t had a shower yet.
· They haven’t danced together for 2 years.
Questions in Present Perfect
We use Present Perfect tense to ask and answer questions about actions or events in the past that still have an effect on the present moment.
Present perfect
To make questions in the Present Perfect, we should use the following structure: have / has + subject + Past Participle
· Have you lived here all your life?
· Have you met Ted?
Yes/No questions
To create a question that will be answered with a ‘yes’ or ‘no’, use ‘has‘/ ‘have‘(or ‘hasn’t‘/ ‘haven’t‘for a negative question) + Past Participle form of the verb.
	Singular
	Plural
	Have I visited?
	Has we visited?
	Have you visited?
	Have you visited?
	Has he/she/it visited? 
	Have they visited?
Other examples:
· Has she seen the latest James Bond movie?
· It’s 11 o’clock already.
· Have you cleaned up your bedroom?
· Have you been in France? No, I haven’t.
Note: In short positive answers to the Present Perfect questions we use only full forms of ‘have’/’has’. In short negative answers we can also use short forms.
· Have you read this book? Yes, I have (No, I haven’t).
· Has he ever played golf? Yes, he has (No, he hasn’t).
We often use the adverb ‘ever’ when asking questions about events in people’s lives. In such questions we put ‘ever’ before the past participle:
· Have you ever been to Australia?
· Has she ever tried your cooking?
· Have they ever met each other?
We often use the adverb ‘yet’ when asking questions about actions or events that could have just happened:
· Have you seen Mary yet?
· Have you eaten all apples yet?
Special questions
Special questions (also known as wh-questions) are questions that require more information in their answers. They are made using wh- words such as what, where, when, why, which, who, how, how many, how much.
To make a special question, use the same word order as with yes-no questions but put a wh-word before the verb ‘have’ or ‘has’. The structure is: wh-word + have / has + [subject] + Past Participle
· What famous people have you seen?
· What languages has he studied?
· How much money has she spent today?
Use ‘How long…?’ to ask for how much time a situation has continued:
· How long has she lived in Rotterdam? – She has lived in Rotterdam for six years.
Conclusion
By solving the exercises given, we conclude that English as an language spoken over the world as also their own rules.
Bibliography Reference
Dickie, A. (sd). Manual De Tronco Comum: English Year I. UCM-CED. Mocambique: Beirra.
Murphy, R. (1994). Englis Grammar in use. A self-study reference and practice book for intermediate students. Second Edition. Cambridge University press.