Unit Activity: Civil Rights, Citizenship, and Civic Participation

Prévia do material em texto

Maria Bárbara D. Carvalho 
High school 
 
 
 
TASK 1 
 
Freedom of speech is one of the great achievements of the Enlightenment 
movement, led by liberals such as John Locke, John Stuart Mill, and Voltaire. 
There are those who argue that freedom of expression is analyzed from a natural right, 
such as the right to life, preceding any constitution. 
There are laws that prohibit hate speech, which includes the collection, in addition to the 
prohibition of speech that incites racism, religious intolerance, homophobia, terrorism, or 
endanger public security. ⠀ 
In the United States, as a restriction on freedom of expression, they are almost nil. 
Incitement to crimes, defamation against the State, and obscenities are not protected 
under the 1st Amendment to the Constitution, but there are no restrictions on hate 
speech 
In Germany, a constitution guarantees freedom of expression but excludes the spread 
of factual lies. 
Other restrictions on expression seek to coerce defamation, hate speech, incitement to 
crime, political and religious extremism, with a special focus on issues related to 
Nazism, such as a denial of the holocaust and the use of swastikas. 220 that prohibits 
“any and all censorship of a political, ideological and artistic nature.” There is a criminal 
classification of crimes against honor, such as slander, defamation, and injury, which 
are restricted to freedom of expression. 
Ultimately, injury is attributed to someone with a negative quality, whether false or 
true. In addition, judicial decisions limit specific activities or publications, as they 
consider abuses of the right to freedom of expression. 
 
 
 Democracy is a form of government of the people that are governed by the people. 
majority rule is a way of organizing the government in which citizens make definite 
decisions by voting for representatives. 
The first three articles of the Constitution identify how the people will elect 
representatives to Congress and how these elected officials will then elect officials for 
the judicial and executive branches, thus giving direct and indirect representation to the 
majority. 
The Constitution also demonstrates majority government and respect for minority rights 
through Article V of the Constitution, which explains that the Constitution can be 
amended in two ways. 
This article allows people to make changes to the constitution over time, as the 
positions of the majority and minorities change. 
The right to freedom of expression and the right to assembly allows the minority to be 
heard, which gives them the opportunity to grow and become the majority. 
There are several cases where the concept of a majority rule with respect to minority 
rights has played a significant factor in American government and politics. 
In this case, Homer Plessy, a man who looked white but was an eighth black, was 
arrested in Louisiana for sitting in a white car and refusing to move to a black railroad 
car (Zimmerman, 1997). 
According to Louisiana law, all people with black bloodlines, regardless of how small 
they are, must be considered black and must be segregated from whites. 
The Brown case involved 13 minority parents and their children who were denied 
access to a school near their home because of segregation laws. 
 
 
 
 
1. https://novo.org.br/quais-os-limites-da-liberdade-de-expressao/ 
2. https://www.lawteacher.net/free-law-essays/administrative-law/majority-rule-and-minority
-rights-administrative-law-essay.php#:~:text=Majority%20rule%20with%20respect%20to
%20minority%20rights%20is%20vital%20to,majorities%2C%20and%20the%20minoritie
s%20change​. 
 
TASK 2 
C) 
 ​Your Honor, 
in this pandemic environment, we must stay at home for as long as necessary. I know 
your possibility about it, but according to medical experts we should avoid contact with 
people, as this virus is highly contaminating and fatal to people with health problems in 
the puma, with diabetics, people with low immunity, and the elderly. . the more we leave 
we can contaminate ourselves and contaminate other people by making an infinite 
cycle. we should leave the house only when it is extremely necessary, in the case of 
your excellence that has worked outside the home (which makes it difficult for you) to try 
to reduce the outside of the home and put into practice the meetings at home online, 
and when I leave try not to make crowds. all this to end this pandemic as quickly as 
possible with fewer deaths and people with sequelae. 
 graciously 
Maria Bárbara D. Carvalho 
 
https://novo.org.br/quais-os-limites-da-liberdade-de-expressao/
https://www.lawteacher.net/free-law-essays/administrative-law/majority-rule-and-minority-rights-administrative-law-essay.php#:~:text=Majority%20rule%20with%20respect%20to%20minority%20rights%20is%20vital%20to,majorities%2C%20and%20the%20minorities%20change
https://www.lawteacher.net/free-law-essays/administrative-law/majority-rule-and-minority-rights-administrative-law-essay.php#:~:text=Majority%20rule%20with%20respect%20to%20minority%20rights%20is%20vital%20to,majorities%2C%20and%20the%20minorities%20change
https://www.lawteacher.net/free-law-essays/administrative-law/majority-rule-and-minority-rights-administrative-law-essay.php#:~:text=Majority%20rule%20with%20respect%20to%20minority%20rights%20is%20vital%20to,majorities%2C%20and%20the%20minorities%20change
https://www.lawteacher.net/free-law-essays/administrative-law/majority-rule-and-minority-rights-administrative-law-essay.php#:~:text=Majority%20rule%20with%20respect%20to%20minority%20rights%20is%20vital%20to,majorities%2C%20and%20the%20minorities%20change