How garbage collection is done in Java? In java, when an object is not referenced any more, garbage collection takes place and the object is destr...

In Java, garbage collection is performed automatically by the JVM (Java Virtual Machine) to reclaim memory occupied by objects that are no longer referenced by the program. When an object is no longer reachable, it becomes eligible for garbage collection. The process of garbage collection involves several steps: 1. Marking: The garbage collector identifies and marks all objects that are still in use by traversing the object graph starting from the root objects (such as static variables, method local variables, and active threads). 2. Sweeping: The garbage collector sweeps through the memory, deallocating the memory occupied by objects that are not marked as in use. This memory is then made available for future object allocations. 3. Compacting (optional): In some garbage collection algorithms, the memory is compacted to reduce fragmentation. This involves moving the live objects closer together to create larger blocks of free memory. Regarding the given options, the correct answer would be: c) Afirmations 1 and 2 are correct. Both afirmation 1 (garbage collection takes place when an object is not referenced anymore) and afirmation 2 (garbage collection can be triggered by calling System.gc() or Runtime.gc()) are correct.