In the present study we decided to jointly evaluate the dietary intake adequacy of omega-3 PUFA along with some methionine and methylation-cycle re...

In the present study we decided to jointly evaluate the dietary intake adequacy of omega-3 PUFA along with some methionine and methylation-cycle related vitamins and cofactors, namely folic acid (FA), vitamin B12 and choline. Another work from the ANIBES Study carried out in Spanish women of childbearing age [31] has already demonstrated the need to optimize the dietary intake of these micronutrients that share many functions with those of omega-3 PUFA. Because of their implication in one-carbon metabolism, FA, vitamin B12 and choline play a key role in the regulation of plasmatic homocysteine, with elevated levels being associated to several negative health outcomes such as cerebrovascular events, ischemic heart disease, cognitive impairment and dementia [32]. As previously stated, the nutritional status in omega-3 (and omega-6) PUFA may also have a direct influence in such outcomes. In addition, mounting evidence suggests choline to be a critical perinatal nutrient with functions that may potentially overlap with those of DHA [33,34]. For all the aforementioned, our objective was to analyze and evaluate dietary intake adequacy of omega-3 and omega-6 PUFA and their major food sources amongst the Spanish population from the ANIBES study sample. In addition, the combined dietary intake adequacy of omega-3 PUFA with FA, vitamin B12 and choline has been analyzed.