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What is the Principle of Competence in Accounting?

According to the Principle of Competence, Accounting must record accounting facts at the time of their occurrence, regardless of whether they have been paid or received.
An example of the application of this principle is the recognition of revenue when the economic event occurs, even if the payment will only be made in the future.
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O Princípio da Competência é um dos princípios fundamentais da contabilidade. Ele estabelece que as receitas e despesas devem ser registradas no momento em que ocorrem, independentemente de terem sido pagas ou recebidas. Isso significa que as receitas só devem ser reconhecidas quando são obtidas e as despesas quando são incorridas, independentemente de quando o pagamento é feito. O objetivo desse princípio é garantir que as demonstrações financeiras reflitam com precisão a situação financeira da empresa em um determinado período.

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What are the principles of Accounting and how are they established?
Principle of Entity
Principle of Continuity
Principle of Opportunity
Principle of Recording at Original Value
Principle of Competence
Principle of Prudence
The principles of Accounting are rules of general procedures that guide the work of the accounting professional.
The principles of Accounting aim to make accounting procedures and practices uniform, allowing comparability between financial statements of different companies.
The principles of Accounting are established by the Federal Accounting Council (CFC) in Brazil, mainly following international accounting standards.

What is the Principle of Entity in Accounting?

The Principle of Entity recognizes the assets and liabilities of the company as the object of study of Accounting.
According to this principle, partners or owners should not pay their personal bills with company money, nor use company assets for personal use.

What is the Principle of Continuity in Accounting?

The Principle of Continuity is related to the operational continuity of the entity.
The premise for Accounting is that the company is always in operation, and investments, buildings, and financing are made with this in mind.

What is the Principle of Opportunity in Accounting?

The Principle of Opportunity is related to the timeliness and integrity of the information generated by Accounting.
To be reliable, accounting facts must be recorded immediately and preferably in full.
An example of the application of this principle is the provision for vacation and 13th salary, which are made monthly, even if their payment will only occur in the future.

What is the Principle of Recording at Original Value in Accounting?

The Principle of Recording at Original Value establishes that accounting records should be initially made by the acquisition value of the asset, adding all necessary expenses to put the asset into operation to generate benefits for the entity.
This principle is also known as the principle of historical cost.

What is the Principle of Prudence in Accounting?

The Principle of Prudence states that the accountant should adopt a more conservative or cautious position whenever there is doubt between two valid values of debts or receivables.
Thus, assets and revenues should not be overestimated, and liabilities and expenses should not be underestimated.
An example of the application of this principle is the registration of the probable expense that the company will have with the highest value, to make a provision for it.

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