OFICINA DE REDAÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA teste de conhecimentos

Prévia do material em texto

OFICINA DE REDAÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA 
 
 
DGT0637_202001177965_TEMAS 
 
Disc.: OFICINA DE REDAÇÃO 2022.3 EAD (G) / EX 
 
 
Prezado (a) Aluno(a), 
 
Você fará agora seu TESTE DE CONHECIMENTO! Lembre-se que este exercício é opcional, mas não valerá ponto para sua 
avaliação. O mesmo será composto de questões de múltipla escolha. 
Após responde cada questão, você terá acesso ao gabarito comentado e/ou à explicação da mesma. Aproveite para se familiarizar 
com este modelo de questões que será usado na sua AV e AVS. 
 
 
 
 
03258A NARRAÇÃO E A DESCRIÇÃO 
 
 
1. 
 
 
The paragraph below was taken from a paper published in the field of Applied Linguistics. Choose the alternative containing a true 
statement about it: 
"In the course of the research, a survey was conducted among residents[...]. A project of a model of a developing speech environment 
for extracurricular activities at schools was put forward." Retrieved from: 
https://alrjournal.com/jvi.aspx?pdir=alrj&plng=eng&volume=5&issue=2&showabs=true 
 
 
Passive voice usage in the extract is a strategy to avoid directly referring to the reader. 
 
 
The subjects responsible for the methodological procedures were the residents. 
 
 
The active voice would be more adequate for this extract, so that the reader becomes acquainted with the scholars 
responsible for the study. 
 
 
The extract is made up of a componential description. 
 
 
The passive voice is preferred because the extract is describing the study procedures. 
Data Resp.: 15/08/2022 14:22:33 
 
Explicação: 
Swales and Feak (SWALES, John; FEAK, Christine. Academic Writing for Graduate Students. Essential Tasks and Skills, third 
edition [2004] 2012) have noticed that in scientific papers authors usually omit the subjects and opt for structures in the 
passive voice in sections describing procedures and methodologies. Hence, the passive voice "was conducted", "was put 
forward" is preferred because study procedures are described. 
 
 
 
 
 
2. 
 
 
The paragraph below elaborates on the notion of an individual's freedom according to The Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Read 
it and choose the correct option regarding its content and structure. 
"The Universal Declaration of Human Rights affirms that the exercise of a person's rights and freedoms may be subject to certain 
limitations, which must be determined by law, solely for the purpose of securing due recognition of the rights and freedoms of others 
and of meeting the just requirements of morality, public order and the general welfare in a democratic society." Retrieved from: 
https://www.ohchr.org/documents/publications/factsheet2rev.1en.pdf 
 
 
Since the bill was published decades ago and its assertions have been respected worldwide since then, the present 
perfect tense would be more adequate in the extract. 
 
 
The document states that individuals have the right to defy the law to guarantee their freedom, as long as they are 
guided by moral standards. Thus, the present tense is adequate in the extract. 
 
 
The simple present tense is justified since it consists of a widespread document among nations, assertively stating 
rights. 
 
 
According to the document, in democratic nations an individual's rights should always outweigh general welfare, which 
is why the simple present tense is used. 
 
 
The document does not have legal prerogative, which is why the use of the simple present tense is not adequate in 
such a context. 
Data Resp.: 15/08/2022 14:22:39 
https://simulado.estacio.br/bdq_simulados_exercicio_ensineme.asp
https://simulado.estacio.br/bdq_simulados_exercicio_ensineme.asp
 
Explicação: 
Swales & Feak (2004) affirm that the simple present tense is commonly used to describe currently accepted knowledge or 
widespread sources (i.e. the Constitution and the Bible). Therefore, the present tense is used as it is a widespread 
document. The document does not state that individuals have the right to defy the law, nor does it state that individual 
rights should outweigh general welfare. Quite the contrary, it asserts that a person¿s freedom may be subject to certain 
limitations such as the general welfare of the society. 
 
 
 
 
 
3. 
 
 
The headline below refers to Covid hospitalization. Choose the alternative which presents a correct statement about it: 
"6 states account for more than half of the country¿s recent Covid hospitalizations" Retrieved from: 
https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/6-states-account-half-countrys-recent-covid-hospitalizations-rcna7776 
 
 
It consists of a componential description. 
 
 
According to the text, hospitalizations in the states mentioned are below 50%. 
 
 
The headline reports that only 6 states account for the exact hospitalization rate of 50%. 
 
 
According to the text, hospitalizations rates have dropped in 6 states. 
 
 
It consists of a process description. 
Data Resp.: 15/08/2022 14:22:46 
 
Explicação: 
The expression "account for" indicates that the aforementioned states compose or form the total of more than a half of 
hospitalizations. And since componential descriptions refer to the description of traits that constitute a concept/situation 
being studied or investigated, the headline presents a componential description and not a process one. What's more, the six 
states account for more than 50% hospitalization rate and it does not mention any information about a decrease in 
hospitalizations. 
 
 
 
 
 
4. 
 
 
The sentences below describe academic research. Analyse the verb choices and structures and choose the alternative which best 
compares them: 
(1) The term was coined by the aforementioned linguist. 
(2) Over the last decade, various studies have been carried out in order to investigate such concepts. 
 
 
Only the verb tense in the second structure is adequate for scientific papers, as it alludes to more voices of authority. 
 
 
The verb tenses in the sentences differ because the first one mentions a single study, while the second refers to areas 
of inquiry during a period of time. 
 
 
The assertions do not differ in terms of style nor in relation to verb tense choice. 
 
 
The present simple tense would be more suitable for the first sentence. 
 
 
Both assertions were written in the active voice, so as to highlight the voices of authority responsible for the studies. 
Data Resp.: 15/08/2022 14:22:48 
 
Explicação: 
Swales and Feak (2004) explain that the simple past is usually used in scientific papers to refer to single studies, while we 
can notice a pattern in the use of the present perfect tense to describe areas of inquiry. Therefore, "The verb tenses in the 
sentences differ because the first one mentions a single study, while the second refers to areas of inquiry during a period of 
time" is the correct option. SWALES, John; FEAK, Christine. Academic Writing for Graduate Students. Essential Tasks and 
Skills, third edition [2004]2012. 
 
 
 
https://simulado.estacio.br/bdq_simulados_exercicio_ensineme.asp
https://simulado.estacio.br/bdq_simulados_exercicio_ensineme.asp
 
 
03259A EXPOSIÇÃO 
 
 
5. 
 
 
Complete this introductory paragraph with the appropriate expository language. 
"When the Carnival season begins, the streets of Brazil (1)__________ full of color, festivities, and samba. As one of the essential 
elements of Brazilian culture, no city in the South American country (2)__________ its parade. From the Brazilian soap operas of Rede 
Globo to The Simpsons, Brazilian Carnival (3)__________ , but Rio de Janeiro's Carnival (4)__________ the most for its visibility." 
Retrieved from: https://www.riotimesonline.com/brazil-news/brazil/the-biggest-party-in-the-world-what-is-carnival-in-rio-de-janeiro-
and-how-did-it-come-about/ 
 
 
(1) are/ (2) will have/ (3) was covered/ (4) stood out 
 
 
(1) are/ (2) does not have/ (3) has been covered/ (4) stands out 
 
 
(1) will be/ (2) has/ (3) was covered/(4) has been standing out 
 
 
(1) are/ (2) does not have/ (3) was covered/ (4) stood out 
 
 
(1) will be/ (2) had/ (3) has been covered/ (4) stands out 
Data Resp.: 15/08/2022 14:22:57 
 
Explicação: 
The structure in (1) provides a general rule during Carnival season, since it presents a situation that is usually true, 
justifying the use of the Present Simple tense. Besides, the structure in (2) provides a factual description in a sentence 
introduced by the negative particle "no", which is why the Simple Present structure in the negative is adequate. Later on, in 
structure (3) the author alludes to Carnival depiction in the media without specifying their years of release, which leads him 
to employ the Present Perfect tense. In structure (4), he makes a descriptive allegation, in which the Present Simple tense is 
more accurate. 
 
 
 
 
 
6. 
 
 
Expository texts are usually structured in five paragraphs. The introduction is followed by three body paragraphs which precede a 
conclusion. Bearing this in mind, match each section of the most common structure of expository texts with their typical content. 
1. Introductory paragraph 
2. Body paragraphs 
3. Concluding paragraph 
 
 
 
(1) supporting arguments/ (2) proposition/ (3) invitation to reflection 
 
 
(1) thesis statement/ (2) supporting arguments/ (3) invitation to reflection 
 
 
(1) proposition/ (2) invitation to reflection/ (3) supporting arguments 
 
 
(1) supporting arguments/ (2) proposition/ (3) quotes 
 
 
(1) supporting arguments/ (2) quotes/ (3) invitation to reflection 
Data Resp.: 15/08/2022 14:23:02 
 
Explicação: 
The opening or introductory paragraphs of expository texts usually present a thesis statement or a proposition to be later 
supported by evidence and argumentation in the body paragraphs of the publications. In the conclusion, readers are invited 
to reflect upon the thesis defended all over the text, in light of the recently introduced argumentation. 
 
 
 
 
 
https://simulado.estacio.br/bdq_simulados_exercicio_ensineme.asp
https://simulado.estacio.br/bdq_simulados_exercicio_ensineme.asp
7. 
 
 
Read the introduction of an expository text titled "After Fleeing Ukraine, LGBTQ Refugees Search for Safety in Countries Hostile to Their 
Rights". Then, choose the option containing its textual genre, according to its observable features. 
"For Vitaly and his wife, it was the bright light that woke them up at 4:30 am on Feb. 24. Then came the crashes of the explosions, four 
in a row, shaking their home in Odessa. They checked their phones and saw frantic texts from friends panicking that Russia had 
launched a war on Ukraine. They each grabbed a bag, got into their car, and drove west." 
Retrieved from: https://time.com/6156672/lgbtq-ukraine-refugees-russia 
 
 
This paragraph is structured in a common format of inverted pyramid, exposing a set of actions which add a human 
touch to data. 
 
 
The paragraph is indicative of a feature story, since it provides a proposition and summary of the content of the article 
at the very outset. 
 
 
Such narration is a typical trait of an axis problem- solution. 
 
 
The extract is structured by means of a comparison among the couple and other people in contrasting situations. 
 
 
It consists of a feature story, since it intends to engage readers and foster empathy providing an exposition of 
particular life experiences connected with the theme of the publication. 
Data Resp.: 15/08/2022 14:23:09 
 
Explicação: 
Instead of making general expository claims, the author attempts to engage readers by introducing the particular stories of 
two people who are probably not known by the projected public: Vitaly and his wife. This strategy is common in feature 
stories. Therefore, the correct answer is: "It consists of a feature story, since it intends to engage readers and foster 
empathy providing an exposition of particular life experiences connected with the theme of the publication". 
 
 
 
 
 
03260A ARGUMENTAÇÃO 
 
 
8. 
 
 
The next paragraph is part of a corpus-assisted linguistic analysis of the occurrence of the most common grammar-structures in 
international newspaper articles about the Covid-19 pandemic. Read and choose the alternative containing the argumentative strategy 
employed by the authors: 
"Table 4 shows a consistent increase in the normed frequency of both the number of different noun phrases (types) and the times they 
were mentioned (tokens) over the year, with a significant rise of 262% (log-likelihood = 5668.30, p < 0.001, %DIFF = −72.38). This 
indicates the growing value of these phrases to journalists as they establish what come to be commonly recognized entities, such as 
face covering, herd immunity and death toll." Retrieved from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/ijal.12412 
 
 
When alluding to the prestige of journalists who report the pandemic, they use what Aristotle named an appeal to 
ethos to support their thesis. 
 
 
The authors clearly resort to the Rogerian style of argumentation, since they want to prevent readers from feeling 
threatened by death tolls. 
 
 
In this paragraph, authors denounce an appeal to pathos since readers might feel touched by the listed expressions. 
 
 
In terms of Aristotelian argumentative style, authors appeal to logos by supporting their conclusive statement with 
percentage data. 
 
 
The authors resort to a red herring, since journalists are not intertwined with the data they are commenting on. 
Data Resp.: 15/08/2022 14:23:14 
 
Explicação: 
In the treatise On Rhetoric, Aristotle explains that an appeal to logos is based on the logic present in the text itself. In the 
paragraph in question, it consists of the percentages used by the authors to inform their analysis. 
 
 
 
 
 
9. 
 
This paragraph shows part of a text which tackles widely spread notions on the concept of deep learning. Analyze the expressions and 
strategies used by the author and choose the alternative regarding the prothesis or proposition he defends in the extract. 
"One could be excused for assuming that deep learning had or will soon usurp all credible work in reasoning, artificial intelligence, and 
statistics, but like most "meme" class broad generalizations the concept does not hold up to scrutiny. Memes do not generally matter 
since the experts will always know better; but in the case of Bayesian software like Stan and PyMC3, even their developers and 
https://simulado.estacio.br/bdq_simulados_exercicio_ensineme.asp
https://simulado.estacio.br/bdq_simulados_exercicio_ensineme.asp
https://simulado.estacio.br/bdq_simulados_exercicio_ensineme.asp
 
advocates bemoan the apparent dominance of deep learning [...] The facts, however, do not support the assumed dominance of deep 
learning in science upon closer examination. This letter simply makes the argument by the crudest of possible metrics, citation count, 
that once the discipline of Computer Science is subtracted, Bayesian software accounts for nearly a third of research citations." 
Retrieved from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ail2.62 
 
 
The author uses the contrasting connectors "but" and "however", as well as allusions to logos to introduce a 
counterargument towards the idea that deep learning will dominate his field. 
 
 
The author appeals to the ethos of "experts", "developers" and "advocates" of his area to support the predominance of 
deep learning. 
 
 
The verb "excuses" and the adjectives "simply" and "crudest" introduce the thesis that deep learning will become 
prevailing in the author¿s area of inquiry. 
 
 
The adverb "simply" and the adjective "crudest" suggest a derogatory tone against the thesis of the dominance of 
bayesian softwares. 
 
 
The author's core argument is that neither deep learning nor other softwares are currently relevant, according to 
myriad citations. 
Data Resp.: 15/08/2022 14:23:19 
 
Explicação:In fact, the author starts the extract mentioning the proposition he is about to argue against: however pervasive and 
forgivable the belief on the domination of deep learning may be, he does not agree with it. Such contrasting connectors, 
therefore, precede a counter-argumentation. 
 
 
 
 
 
10. 
 
 
Choose the option containing a true statement concerning the verb tense employed in the following sentences. 
"The fatty acid compositions were measured based on a well-established method (Folch, Lees, & Sloane-Stanley, 1957; Lepage & Roy, 
1986). Each test was replicated three times for each experimental group." Retrieved from 
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/fsn3.1443 
 
 
The Present Perfect tense would be more suitable in the first sentence, for it consists of the description of an area of 
research that led to the "well-established" method. 
 
 
The Simple Past tense is correctly employed since the authors are arguing for the relevance of their methodology in 
that specific study. 
 
 
A future tense would be more adequate for the paragraph, since it argues for the relevance of methods which will still 
be expounded later in the paper. 
 
 
The Simple Present tense would be more suitable in both sentences, since they support notions which are 
characterized as "well-established". 
 
 
The necessity of replication of each test is an argument against the "methods" mentioned. 
Data Resp.: 15/08/2022 14:23:24 
 
Explicação: 
As Swales and Feak (2004) indicate, authors of academic texts commonly use the past to describe researchers' actions in 
single studies. Therefore, "The Simple Past tense is correctly employed since the authors are arguing for the relevance of 
their methodology in that specific study". 
 
 
 
https://simulado.estacio.br/bdq_simulados_exercicio_ensineme.asp