Literatura Norte-Americana: Temas e Movimentos

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Disc.: LITERATURA NORTE-AMERICANA: FORMAÇÃO 
Aluno(a): ELISA JORGE DE LEMOS 202001097181
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Anne Bradstreet is considered by many the first female poet in the English language. Choose the option that
contains a common theme in her poetry:
the criticism of the role of women in Puritan society.
 the depiction of a personal and domestic lifestyle.
the rejection of popular Renaissance values.
the insignificance of man before the majesty of nature.
the representation of marriage without love.
Respondido em 23/10/2022 17:36:11
 
 
Explicação:
Anne Bradstreet¿s poems are divided into two categories. The first one, the more metaphysical type brings
scholarly references and cosmic themes. The second one has a more domestic style and narrates family life and
portrays her personal feelings towards the Puritan community. Among the options above, the only correct one
is: "the depiction of a personal and domestic lifestyle".
 
 
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Puritan thinking and beliefs informed colonial America and many of Puritan principles are still relevant
nowadays. Choose the alternative that contains one of the central ideas behind Puritanism:
the interest in indoctrinating members of different religions.
 the belief in the inherent sinful nature of humankind.
the need to follow the precepts of the Pope.
the rejection of the principles of the Reformation.
the worship of saintly images and symbols.
Respondido em 23/10/2022 17:37:35
 
 
Explicação:
According to the Puritans, man is born evil due to the original sin (when Adam and Eve were expelled from the
Garden of Eden), and as evil and corrupt, need regeneration and salvation. The original sin tainted all human
existence, and because of that humankind was naturally evil and subject to corruption. Therefore, the correct
option is: "the belief in the inherent sinful nature of humankind".
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The 19th century, apart from its social, economic, and territorial changes, was also a defining moment for the
shaping of American identity. What has the term American Renaissance been used to identify?
Mythical qualities.
Territorial expansion.
Economic growth.
 Literary expression.
Industrial development.
Respondido em 23/10/2022 17:38:52
 
 
Explicação:
Answer: Literary expression.
Feedback: The idea of American Renaissance is associated to a period in the United States when literature
reaches a kind of maturity, with the emergence of new writers. It marks a period when American literature
finally found its voice.
 
 
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Slavery is a brutal condition. In the case of the United States, it becomes even more atrocious. Why could
slavery in the United States be seen as a paradox?
 Because it strongly contradicted the nation's egalitarian ideals.
Because it strongly contradicted the nation's religious beliefs. 
Because it strongly contradicted the nation's territorial expansion.
Because it strongly contradicted the nation's international agreements.
Because it strongly contradicted the nation's economic interests.
Respondido em 23/10/2022 17:39:23
 
 
Explicação:
Answer: Because it strongly contradicted the nation's egalitarian ideals.
Feedback: As the Declaration of Independence states, in the United States "all men are created equal".
However, this egalitarian ideal is in sharp opposition to the bondage of people who are forced to work as slaves.
 
 
Acerto: 1,0 / 1,0
For, borne on the night-wind of the Past,
Through all our history, to the last,
In the hour of darkness and peril and need,
The people will waken and listen to hear
The hurrying hoof-beats of that steed,
And the midnight message of Paul Revere.
 
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Retrieved from: LONGFELLOW, Henry Wadsworth. Paul Revere's Ride (1860). Available at:
https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/44637/the-landlords-tale-paul-reveres-ride
 
Above one can read the final verses of the famous Longfellow poem, "Paul Revere's Ride". Thinking about
Longfellow's innovative writing, we can say that "Paul Revere's Ride"...
... is an example of the European conventions of poetry that Longfellow was fond of in his early writing
career.
... is a bad example of how Longfellow assessed the mythical past of the nation he was trying to
construct together with his readers.
... is a great example of the first American epics, written solely by Longfellow, who was tired out of the
European traditional forms of poetry.
... is a great example of the new rhythm of American poetry, embodied in the combination of past and
present stories reverberating with European tradition.
 ... is a great example of how narrative devices are introduced into Longfellow¿s poetry in order to
establish a mythical past for America.
Respondido em 23/10/2022 17:41:48
 
 
Explicação:
Answer: ... is a great example of how narrative devices are introduced into Longfellow¿s poetry in order to
establish a mythical past for America.
Feedback: Paul Revere's ride refers to the famous XIX century horse ride in which, during the middle of the
night, he was responsible for alerting the American villages on the shore of New England about the upcoming
British army on their ships at sea. Longfellow choses a story which was already starting to settle in the collective
mythical imaginary past of the United States. By doing this he develops narrative devices into poetry, writing
them under the rhythmic gallop of the irregular metric, allowing the poet to sum up the events which he
managed to depict throughout his poem in a concise manner. It is thus a great example of how narrative
devices are introduced into Longfellow's poetry in order to establish a mythical past for America.
 
 
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By not joining in social discourse, [Emily] Dickinson separated her writing from the Emersonian scholar [,a
reserved man,] and the public rhetoric of entelechy, or the assumption of the availability of completeness. Her
silence was not, however, simply a declaration for a womanly language. In mid and late nineteenth-century
America, what seemed to be the progressive elements in women's writing and culture were entering in the
hitherto masculine discursive mode. They did so with considerable success, as Helen Hunt Jackson's career
shows. The women's rights movement and the women abolitionist orators such as the Grimké sisters and
Sojourner Truth, were genuine agents of change. (MCNEIL, 1986, p. 83)
Source: MCNEIL, Helen. Emily Dickinson. London: Virago Pantheon Pioneers, 1986.
I. Identity is an important theme in Emily Dickinson's poems.
BECAUSE
II. It is a topic which encompasses the problems raised in various of Dickinson's life experiences such as being
a woman and a poet.
Regarding these affirmatives, mark the correct option.
Affirmative I is true, and II is false.
Affirmatives I and II are true, but II is not a correct justification of I.
Affirmative I is false, and II is true.
 Affirmatives I and II are true, II is a correct justification of I.
Affirmatives I and II are false.
Respondido em 23/10/2022 17:43:04
 
 
Explicação:
Answer: Affirmatives I and II are true, II is a correct justification of I.
Feedback: Dickinson's poems pave the way for one to affirm difference in the face of conformity. The norm is
not as "diversified" as the margins. However, she is also quite aware of some of the dire consequences included
in this position of the "different". To be placed and identified as a woman in the nineteenth century was directly
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related to being identified as a morally restricted person, who should not behave in such or such way in order to
match an expected feminine identity inside the house where they were born as well as the house into which
they were married. Therefore, identity is an important theme for her, as it encompasses many problems related
to being a woman and a poet.
 
 
Acerto: 1,0 / 1,0
"Based on a true story, Herman Melville's 1855 novella Benito Cereno follows American Captain Amasa
Delano¿s discovery of a ship he first believes to be in distress before realizing, over the course of the same
day, that a slave revolt has taken place on it."
Source: https://www.litcharts.com/lit/benito-cereno/summary
 
Which points of view are present in Melville's novella?
Spanish sailors's.
Delano's crew's.
 Delano's and Cereno's.
Alexandro Aranda's
Babo's and Atufal's.
Respondido em 23/10/2022 17:44:27
 
 
Explicação:
The story is told through the point of view of the captains Delano, American, and Cereno, Spanish. Alexandro
Aranda, the owner and master, was killed by the rebels; Babo and Atufal are the negro leaders, with no voice in
the narrative, as well as the Spanish sailors. Delano¿s crew was involved in the action but did not tell the story
themselves. 
 
 
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Edgar Allan Poe, a North- American writer associated with Dark Romanticism, was a pioneer in many ways. He,
for instance, coined the term "tales of ratiocination". Which stories did Poe name as "tales of ratiocination"?
 Those in which a character solves a mystery by analyzing facts.
Those in which scientific verisimilitude is achieved by details.
Those in which descriptive language and chilling visuals are present.
Those in which the criminal tortures the victim psychologically.
Those in which the main character is also the first-person narrator.
Respondido em 23/10/2022 17:45:23
 
 
Explicação:
Tales of ratiocination are those in which a character, an amateur detective, solves a mystery analyzing facts and
employing the powers of deduction and imagination. Scientific verisimilitude is present in tales which gave
inspiration to writers of science fiction. Stories in which criminals torture the victims are usually gothic and
horror tales. Short stories in which the main character is a first-person narrator, and those in which descriptive
language and chilling visuals are used are marks of Edgar Allan Poe's writing. 
 
 
Acerto: 1,0 / 1,0
"As he watched her hand, polished as a bit of old ivory, with its slender pink nails, and the sapphire bracelet
slipping over her wrist, he was struck with the irony of suggesting to her such a life as his cousin Gertrude
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Farish had chosen. She was so evidently the victim of the civilization which had produced her, that the links of
her bracelet seemed like manacles chaining her to her fate."
 
Adapted from: WHARTON, Edith. The House of Mirth. Edited by Martha Banta. New York: Oxford University
Press, 1994, p. 9.
 
Based on the text, assess the following statements:
I. Women in society are bound by conventions established and legitimized by men.
II. The love relationships described by Edith Wharton reveal her idealization of feelings.
III. In the encounter between the characters Lawrence Selden and Lily Bart, we observe the conflict between
the New York¿s high society and the yearning to be part of it.
 
The correct statements are:
I and II.
 I and III.
I, only.
III, only.
II and III.
Respondido em 23/10/2022 17:45:45
 
 
Explicação:
In Edith Wharton's The House of Mirth, the character of Lily Bart, a 29-year-old single woman, meets the
lawyer, Lawrence Selden. The quote summarizes two of the central themes of Wharton's work, which are the
discussion of the role of women in society and the conflicts of female characters in face of the social conventions
of New York's elite. Therefore, options I and III are correct.
 
 
Acerto: 1,0 / 1,0
Every journey transforms us. Regardless of the reason for going on a trip, it changes the person who embarks
on it, sometimes making them better, sometimes deepening wounds. In this sense, the shift between different
places and cultures also transforms our view of reality, as it happened with writers such as Henry James and
Edith Wharton, born in the United States, but profoundly connected to European culture.
 
Regarding the international experience of the two writers, we can say that:
 It allowed them to critically confront cross-cultural values and customs.
Only Henry James will reflect this in his work, as Wharton was not influenced as much.
They were able to perceive how the North American culture was in no way different from the European
one.
The appreciation of their country of origin was reinforced and exalted in their respective works.
It contributed to rejecting North American society and its institutions.
Respondido em 23/10/2022 17:47:02
 
 
Explicação:
Henry James and Edith Wharton brought the contradictions within the formation of North American society to
fiction, based on their experiences in European countries, such as London, in the case of James, and Italy and
France, in the case of Wharton. While Henry James confronted the different realities more broadly, Edith
Wharton exposed the contrasting values of institutions and individuals.
 
 
 
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