Estrutura Narrativa: Componentes e Ações

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There are some basic components that account for the narrative's internal structure. Mark the alternative that
presents a correct statement about a narrative's features:
 The Past Perfect is typically used in narratives to signal which action came about first.
A narrative¿s temporal juncture is always strictly organized by the chronological sequencing of events
that make up the plot.
When a logical cause-and-effect relationship unites the chain of events, the narrative tends to sound
more far-fetched.
Actions narrated in the past tend to make experiences sound fresh and vivid, charging them with more
emotional tension.
Present tenses figure among the most recurrent verb forms within narratives.
Respondido em 23/10/2022 19:19:36
 
 
Explicação:
The past tenses are commonly used in narratives. To convey that a past action happened before another one,
the past perfect is chosen. Therefore, the past perfect plays an important function in the sequencing of past
actions, since it points out those events that happened at an earlier point in time. Cause-and-effect
relationships make the narrative sound more plausible and not the other way around. What¿s more, to make
experiences sound fresh and vivid, the historical present is usually preferred. The correct option is then: "The
Past Perfect is typically used in narratives to signal which action came about first."
 
 
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This wiki entry describes a typical dish named "ceviche". Read it and choose the correct alternative:
"Because the dish is eaten raw, and not cooked with heat, it must be prepared fresh and consumed
immediately to minimize the risk of food poisoning. Ceviche is often eaten as an appetizer; if eaten as a main
dish, it is usually accompanied by side dishes that complement its flavors, such as sweet potato, lettuce,
maize, avocado, or cooking banana." Retrieved from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceviche
Such an entry provides a chronological description of a ceviche recipe.
 The expression "accompanied by" introduces a componential description in the definition.
This description provides an account of consuming rates of the dish.
It consists of a process description on how to decrease food poisoning rates caused by the consumption
of the dish.
According to such description, about a quarter of the ingredients are raw.
Respondido em 23/10/2022 19:21:07
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Explicação:
Indeed, when listing the complements of ceviche introduced by the expression "accompanied by", the author
introduces the elements and traits that usually compose the dish. Therefore, the expression introduces a
componential element to the entry. There¿s no chronological description entailed in the entry, nor is any process
being described. Furthermore, the dish is completely raw and there is no consuming rate presented.
 
 
Acerto: 1,0 / 1,0
The third component of narrative chains is called the complicating action. Choose the option that best justifies
the reason why the selected fragment can be classified as part of the complicating action of hooks'
narrative:
Claiming the freedom to grow as an imaginative writer was connected for me with having the courage to be
open, to be able to tell the truth of one's life as I had experienced it in writing. To talk about one's life-that I
could do. To write about it, to leave a trace-that was frightening. The longer it took me to begin the process of
writing autobiography, the further removed from those memories I was becoming. Each year, a memory
seemed less and less clear. I wanted not to lose the vividness, the recall and felt an urgent need to begin the
work and complete it. Yet I could not begin even though I had begun to confront some of the reasons I was
blocked, as I am blocked just now in writing this piece because I am afraid to express in writing the experience
that served as a catalyst for that block to move.
Retrieved from: hooks, bell. Talking Back: Thinking Feminist, Thinking Black. Chapter 22: Writing
Autobiography. Routledge: New York, 2015.
 Because it creates a web of cause-effect relationship, describing hooks' contradictory feelings towards
openly writing about her own story.
Because it focuses exclusively on hooks' evaluation of the events that marked her childhood, solely
aiming at transmitting their emotional impact to those who read her text.
Because it wraps up hooks' narrative, bringing it to an end with a brief description of her final
decisions.
Because it provides readers with important orienting information, allowing them to take a peek at
hooks¿ childhood experiences and, thus, understand the narrator's longing to talk about her past and,
by such means, kill her former self.
Because it provides readers with important orienting information, allowing them to take a peek at
hooks' childhood experiences and, thus, understand the narrator¿s longing to talk about her past and,
by such means, kill her former self.
Respondido em 23/10/2022 19:21:31
 
 
Explicação:
The complicating action focuses on a series of cause-effect relationships, describing the sequence of actions that
led from the initiating event to the most reportable event. Hence, the correct answer is "Because it creates a
web of cause-effect relationship, describing hooks¿ contradictory feelings towards openly writing about her own
story". The other options refer to either the orientation (orienting information on time, place or characters), to
the evaluation (focusing on the emotional impact) or to the resolution and coda (the end of the narrative).
 
 
Acerto: 1,0 / 1,0
The graph below provides an overview of average fertility rates in Algeria throughout the years. Read it and
complete the description with the appropriate expressions:
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Retrieved from: https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/nitv-news/article/2017/06/27/census-2016-aboriginal-and-
torres-strait-islander-population-growing
In Algeria, women give birth to (1)_____________ of 2.535 children every year and this fertility
(2)_____________ is expected to (3)_____________ .
(1) approximately/ (2) estimate/ (3) plunge.
(1) the exact number of/ (2) rate/ (3) fall.
 (1) an average/ (2) rate/ (3) decrease.
(1) an average/ (2) percentage/ (3) increase.
(1) an average/ (2) rate/ (3) soar.
Respondido em 23/10/2022 19:21:58
 
 
Explicação:
This bar graph shows average or estimative proportions of birth rates in the country. In addition, both the
numbers and the reduction of the bars from left to right indicate a decreasing pattern as years pass.
 
 
Acerto: 1,0 / 1,0
Complete this introductory paragraph with the appropriate expository language.
"When the Carnival season begins, the streets of Brazil (1)__________ full of color, festivities, and samba. As
one of the essential elements of Brazilian culture, no city in the South American country (2)__________ its
parade. From the Brazilian soap operas of Rede Globo to The Simpsons, Brazilian Carnival (3)__________ ,
but Rio de Janeiro's Carnival (4)__________ the most for its visibility."
Retrieved from: https://www.riotimesonline.com/brazil-news/brazil/the-biggest-party-in-the-world-what-is-
carnival-in-rio-de-janeiro-and-how-did-it-come-about/
(1) are/ (2) will have/ (3) was covered/ (4) stood out
(1) will be/ (2) has/ (3) was covered/ (4) has been standing out
 (1) are/ (2) does not have/ (3) has been covered/ (4) stands out
(1) are/ (2) does not have/ (3) was covered/ (4) stood out
(1) will be/ (2) had/ (3) hasbeen covered/ (4) stands out
Respondido em 23/10/2022 19:24:03
 
 
Explicação:
The structure in (1) provides a general rule during Carnival season, since it presents a situation that is usually
true, justifying the use of the Present Simple tense. Besides, the structure in (2) provides a factual description
in a sentence introduced by the negative particle "no", which is why the Simple Present structure in the
negative is adequate. Later on, in structure (3) the author alludes to Carnival depiction in the media without
specifying their years of release, which leads him to employ the Present Perfect tense. In structure (4), he
makes a descriptive allegation, in which the Present Simple tense is more accurate.
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Acerto: 1,0 / 1,0
Read the headline of a feature opinion article and choose the option that best paraphrases its thesis
statement.
"Learning from the past to effectively fight anti-Semitism today- The best way to fight anti-Semitism is to
focus on fighting anti-Semites, and never to be tempted to blame their victims."
Retrieved from: https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2022/3/11/learning-from-the-past-to-efficiently-fight-
antisemitism-today
The study of History does not influence the fight against anti-Semitism.
Victims of anti-Semitism should be accounted for discriminatory speeches.
 In order to fight anti-Semitism it is paramount to denounce anti-Semites for their discriminatory acts
and be aware of History.
However harmful and obnoxious anti-Semitic discourses may be, prejudiced people should not be
denounced for their behavior.
More important than learning History is condemning anti-Semites for their prejudicial behavior.
Respondido em 23/10/2022 19:25:00
 
 
Explicação:
The author is clear-clut when using the time adverb "never" to argue that it is not acceptable to blame victims,
but rather those who discriminate. The opening affirmation also proposes that being acquainted with historical
facts is the best route to combat anti-Semitism.
 
 
Acerto: 1,0 / 1,0
Complete the definition of an inverted pyramid writing scheme. Each gap may contain more than one word.
"The inverted pyramid puts the most newsworthy information at the (1) ____________, and then the
remaining information follows in (2) ____________, with the least important at the (3) ____________."
Retrieved and adapted from: https://www.poynter.org/reporting-editing/2003/writing-from-the-top-down-
pros-and-cons-of-the-inverted-pyramid/
 (1) top/ (2) order of importance/ (3) bottom
(1) bottom/ (2) order of importance/ (3) top
(1) end/ (2) the simple past tense/ (3) bottom
(1) top/ (2) chronological order/ (3) end
(1) outset/ (2) alphabetical order/ (3) bottom
Respondido em 23/10/2022 19:25:43
 
 
Explicação:
In fact, in the inverted pyramid style the most important information is displayed at the very beginning of the
text. The following paragraphs are organized from the second-most important information, culminating to the
least relevant pieces.
 
 
Acerto: 1,0 / 1,0
Choose the option that correctly identifies the topic statement of Hinsliff's conclusion:
And yet, at the not-quite-end of it all, here millions of us still are; still together, still faintly dazed by the whole
experience. But perhaps with a new understanding forged in crisis of what long-term love is all about. It¿s not
all Valentine¿s hearts and flowers, tables for two and tickets to Paris. It is absolutely about kindness, patience,
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tolerance and the ability to pull together as a team in times of unexpected trouble. For love is not always love
that stays rigidly the same when circumstances around it change. Post-pandemic love is perhaps just as often
the kind that good-naturedly adapts, and is flexible enough to withstand a shock.
Adapted from HINSLIFF, Gaby. The pandemic has taught us that love can bend without breaking. Disponível
em: The pandemic has taught us all that love can bend without breaking | Gaby Hinsliff | The Guardian.
Acesso em: 15 fev. 2022.
"It's not all Valentine's hearts and flowers, tables for two and tickets to Paris".
"It is absolutely about kindness, patience, tolerance and the ability to pull together as a team in times
of unexpected trouble".
"But perhaps with a new understanding forged in crisis of what long-term love is all about".
"For love is not always love that stays rigidly the same when circumstances around it change".
 "Post-pandemic love is perhaps just as often the kind that good-naturedly adapts, and is flexible
enough to withstand a shock".
Respondido em 23/10/2022 19:26:29
 
 
Explicação:
The author's final remarks encapsulate her main point. Therefore, the topic statement is: "Post-pandemic love is
perhaps just as often the kind that good-naturedly adapts, and is flexible enough to withstand a shock".
Supporting paragraphs usually initiate with a topic statement, but, in this case, since it refers to the conclusion;
the statement which correctly summarizes the point of the paragraph is the last one.
 
 
Acerto: 1,0 / 1,0
Establishing a research territory is a fundamental move when writing a research paper, for it identifies the
sphere of human knowledge circumscribing any given study. Read the introductory paragraphs below:
Within the feminist movement racial conflict between white women and women of colour continues to be one
area of struggle. Often these conflicts are so overwhelming that they cause us to despair that we can ever live
and work together in social spaces that are not irrevocably tainted by politics of domination. Since energy
wanes and hope diminishes it is absolutely necessary for feminist activists to renew our commitment to
political struggle and strengthen our solidarity. This means that we must work with greater diligence to
confront racism and the conflicts that it engenders with the conviction that sustained committed struggle will
lead towards a liberatory feminist political agenda.
hooks, bell. "Sisterhood: Political Solidarity Between Women". Feminist Review, n. 23, 1986.
Establishing her research territory at the very onset of her text, hooks uses her introduction to:
Undermine the arguments of those who oppose academic research on feminism.
Demonstrate the questions should be raised to extend previous knowledge.
 Show that the general research area is central, interesting, and problematic.
Indicate that there is a gap in the previous research.
Provide a balanced account of the controversy her text aims at tackling.
Respondido em 23/10/2022 19:27:03
 
 
Explicação:
Authors typically establish their own research territory when 1) they show that the general research area is
central, interesting and problematic and/ or 2) when they introduce and review previous research in the area. In
this specific case, her introduction is used to: "Show that the general research area is central, interesting and
problematic".
 
 
Acerto: 1,0 / 1,0
As you have studied, each section of an academic argumentative text has a commonly used structure. Based
on your previous knowledge, choose the most suitable option to describe the following persuasive paragraph,
retrieved from a paper about the notion of smart cities.
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"Both concepts have been considered independently in the recent decades - in theoretical and applied
literature - but little attention has been paid so far to the links between them. The research approach of the
paper is a combination of literature review and observation of case studies in Europe." Retrieved from
https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation.aspx?paperid=114869
The structure "attention has been paid to¿" supports the prestige of published literature in the area.The authors state the relevance of their research by arguing against the validation of the "concepts"
mentioned.
 In this paragraph the authors review previous literature and establish a niche to be occupied by their
investigation.
This extract is suitable for a section of Methodology, since it argues for the data generated by the
researchers in question.
The allusion to "case studies" was part of the literature review mentioned in the first sentence.
Respondido em 23/10/2022 19:28:05
 
 
Explicação:
The structure "but little attention has been paid so far to¿" is indicative of flaws in previous works that need to
be addressed by the article, justifying its development and publication. The correct answer is then: "In this
paragraph the authors review previous literature and establish a niche to be occupied by their investigation".
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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