The_Greek_Magical_Papyri_in_Translation

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THE GREE 
CAL PAPYR 
N TRANSLATION 
Contributors 
D.E.A 
J.B. 
H.D.B. 
W.B. 
J.M.D. 
W.C.G. 
J.P.H. 
R.F.H. 
J.H.J. 
R.D.K. 
H.M. 
M.W.M. 
E.N.O. 
R.K.R. 
J.S. 
M.S 
David E. Aune, Professor of Religion, Saint Xavier College, Chicago 
Jan Bergman, Professor of the History of Religions, University of 
Uppsala 
Hans Dicter Betz, Professor of New Testament, The Divinity School, 
University of Chicago 
Walter Burkert, Professor of Classical Philology, University of Ziirich 
John M. Dillon, Professor of Classics, Trinity College, Dublin 
William C. Grese, Professor of Religion, Olivet College, Olivet, 
Michigan 
Jackson P. Hershbell, Professor of Classics, University of Minnesota 
Ronald F. Hock, Professor of Religion, University of Southern 
California 
Janet H. Johnson, Professor of Egyptology, The Oriental Institute, 
University of Chicago 
Roy D. Kotanskp, Rescarch Specialist, The Divinity School, Univer- 
sity of Chicago 
Hubert Martin, Jr., Professor of Classics, University of Kentucky 
Marvin W. Meyer, Professor of Religion, Chapman College, Orange, 
California 
Edward N. O'Neil, Professor of Classics, University of Southern 
California 
Robert K. Kitner, Lecturer in Egyptology, The Oriental Institute, 
University of Chicago 
John Scarborough, l'rofcssor of History, University of Kentucky 
Morton Smith, Professor of Ancient History, Columbia University 
THE GREE 
CAL PAPYR 
INCLUDING THE DEMOTIC SPELLS 
Edited by 
HANS DIETER BET2 
THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS 
Chicago 8. London 
HANS I~ IETER BETZ 
is profcsssor of New Tcstarnent and 
chairman o f th r Drpartmcnt of New Tesran>cnr 
and Early Christian Lircraiurr ar 
rhc Uniwrsity of Chicago. 
THE UNNEKSlTY OF CHICAGO PRESS, CHICAGO 60637 
'TEE UNIVERSITY OF CfIICAGO PUSS, LTU., LONDON 
0 1986 bv Thr Univrrsinr of Chtcaeo 
u 
All righrs rcsewed. l'ublishrd 1986 
Prinrcd in the Unircd Stares ofAmerica 
This proicct has bcrn sup~orted bv the Nauonal Endowment . . . . 
for the Humanirics, a federal agency which suppuns the 
stud" o f s ~ ~ c h ficlds as history, philosophy, lircrarutr, 
and languages 
LIRPARY 01 CONGRESS CPTALOGING-IN-PUBLIUTION DATA 
Main cnrry undcr title: 
The Grrck magical papyri in translark,n, including thc 
Dcmotir spells. 
Translation of Grcck, Dcmotic, and Coptic trxrs 
found in: Papyri RrZcac maeicae, 2nd ed., wirb 
Includes bibliographicd rcfcrcnces. 
1. Magic, Greek. 2. Manuscriprs, Grcrk (l'apyrij 
I. Eea , Hans Dicrcr. 11. Papyri graecac magicac. 
English. 1985. 
~ f i 6 2 2 ~ 8 ~ 7 4 1986 133.4'3'0938 85-1137 
ISKN 0-226-04444-0 
Shall we write about the things not to be spoken of? 
Shall we divulge the things not to be divulged? 
Shall we pronounce the things not to be pronounced? 
Julian, Hymn to the Mother of the Gods 
Contents 
Preface 
Table of Spells 
List of Papyri in Preisendanz 
List of New Papyri Not in Preisendanz 
Note on Editions 
Explanation of References and Textual Signs 
Abbreviations of Periodicals, Series Titles, and General 
Reference Works 
Abbreviations of Major Titles Used in This Volume 
Introduction to the Greek Magical Papyri 
Hans Dieter Betz 
Introduction to the Demotic Magical Papyri 
Janet H. Johnson 
Translations, with Notes 
ix 
xi 
xxiii 
xxvii 
mix 
xxxi 
XYXV 
m i i 
xli 
xlv 
Glossary 
Preface 
This volume of translations of the Greek magical papyri has been a long time in the 
making. The project began in a planning colloquium at Claremont, California, 
May 31 to June 4, 1978. At this meeting, a team of scholars resolved to produce 
this translation volume as part of a research project on the Greek magical papyri, 
the project as a whole being designed as a contribution to the Cmpus Hellenirtimnt 
Noa' Testtamenti. 
The translations turncd out to be more difficult and time-consuming than had 
been expected. Since it seemed desirable to expand the Preisendanz collection to 
include as many newly discovered and newly published magical papyri as possible, 
the number of papyri increased from 81 to 131. In this respcct, the translation vol- 
ume differs from the Prcisendanz volumes. It differs also in that while Preisendanz 
reproduced only thc Greek sections of bilingual Greck-Demotic papyri, this volume 
includes the full translations of all bilingual texts. 
All translations are based on the Greek, Demotic, and Coptic texts. PGM I- 
LXXXI follow the Preisendanz edition, while PGM LXXXII-CXXX and PDM 
Supplement follow their critical cditions, which are indicated in the notes. Trans- 
lators were free to make changes in the texts when they thought it necessary; these 
changes are also indicated in the notes. Where earlier translations exist, they have 
been consulted, but all the translations included in this volume are new. 
Unlike the Preisendanz edition, this new volume does not have an tapparaus m'ti- 
cw. Instead, it has notes explaining difficulties in the text and the translation, and 
notes alerting readers to important information. It has been necessary to limit these 
notes to a degree which many readers may find drastic, but the team decided not to 
attempt what could only be a lengthy commentary on the papyri. Instead, they 
agreed that other research tools should be developed to encourage and assist further 
research on the papyri. The following research tools are presently being prepared: 
1. An index of Greek words is being prepared by Professor Edward O'Neil. 
2. A subject index based on the English translation is being worked out by 
Ms. Marjorie Menaul. 
3. A collection of parallels between the magical papyri and early Christian litera- 
ture is being prepared by the research team. This part of the project is most dircctly 
related to the task of the Colpus HelleninicumNoa' Testamenti, namely, the collection 
of parallels from ancient literature to the New Testament and the other Christian 
literature up to approximatcly A.D. 150. 
4. A comprehensive bibliography, including editions and investigations of the 
magical papyri, is being assembled by Professor David Hellholm. 
The present volume would not havc come about without the generous support 
of institutions and individuals. The National Endowment for the Humanities has 
funded the entire venture from the beginning by substantial grants from 1978 to 
1983. Without this financial assistance, the project would simply not exist; schol- 
arly team projccts of this magnitude cannot live on enthusiasm alone. Apart from 
the purely financial aspen, the officers of the NEH have helped more than they may 
realize bv their quiet cncouragement and confidence expressed ovcr a number of . 
years. 
A great deal of assistance also camc from the institutions where the project was 
initiated and whcre it is now based. These include the Institute for Antiquity and 
Christianity at Claremont, where the project was based during the years 1977 and 
1978, and the Institute for the Advanced Study of Rcligion at the University of 
Chicago, where it has been from 1978 to the present. Thanks are especially due to 
the officers of thesc institutions, Professors James M. Robinson and James Brashler 
of the Institute for Antiquity and Christianity; and Professors Joseph M. Kitagawa, 
formerly dean, and Franklin I. Gamwcll, currently dean, of the Divinity School of 
thc University of Chicago, as well as to Martin E. Marty, program coordinator for 
the Institute for the Advanced Study of Religion of the University of Chicago. 
The present project could not have succeedcd without thc unfailing loyalty and 
generosity of the members of the team, both contributors and consultants. Among 
these should be named Profcssors Jan Bergman, Walter Burkert, Franco Maltomini, 
and P. J. Sijpesteijn. The research specialists of the project, Professor William C. 
Grese (1977-SO), and Mr. Roy Kotansky and Ms. Marjorie Menaul (1980-83), 
not only helped to carry the burdens of administration and editorship, but made 
substantial contributions to the projectas well. To all of them sincere thanks 
are due. 
H. D. Betz 
Table of Spells 
This list of spells presupposes the divisions in the texts and thc identification of 
section titles made by the editor. In the Demotic spells, section titles are sometimes 
indicated by red lettcring (but this is not done consistently). If no titles are given, 
this fact is stated (No title) and a short description of content is added. 
Refwence T~awlator Short Title 
PGM I 
PGM I. 1-42 
PGM I. 42-195 
PGM I. 195-222 
PGMI. 222-31 
PGM I. 232-47 
PGM I. 247-62 
PGM I. 262-347 
PGM I1 
PGM 11. 1-64 
PGM 11. 65-183 
PGM 111 
PGM 111. 1-164 
PGM 111. 165-86 
PGM 111. 187-262 
PGM 111.263-75 
PGM 111.275-81 
PGM 111.282-409 
PGMIII. 410-23 
PGM 111.424-66 
PGM 111. 467-78 
PGM 111.479-83 
PGM 111.483-88 
PGM 111.488-94 
PGM 111.494-611 
PGM 111.612-32 
PGMIII. 633-731 
PGM N 
PGMIV. 1-25 
PGMN 26-51 
PGMN. 52-85 
PGM IV. 86- 87 
E.N.O. 
E.N.O. 
E.N.O. 
E.N.O. 
E.N.O. 
E.N.O. 
E.N.O. 
J.M.D. I E.N.O. 
J.M.D. I E.N.O. 
J.M.D. 
J.M.D. 
J.M.D. I E.N.O. 
W.C.G. 
E.N.O. 
W.C.G. I M.W.M. 
W.C.G. 
W.C.G. 
W.C.G. 
W.C.G. 
W.C.G. 
W.C.G. 
W.C.G. I E.N.O. 
J.M.D. 
M.W.M. 
M.W.M. 
H.M. 
H.M. I M.W.M. 
M.W.M. 
(No title) Magical handbook 
[Rite] for acquiring an assistant daimon 
The spell of Pnoutliis (for acquiring an as- 
sistant daimon) 
Prayer of deliverance 
Invisibility spell 
Memory spell 
Spell for invisibility 
Apollonian invocation 
(No title) Magical handbook 
(No titlc) Spell for revelation 
(No titlc) Alternarive spell for revelation 
(No titlc) Magical handbook 
(No title) Cat ritual for many purposes 
(No titlc) Oracular request (?) 
(No titlc) Spell for revelation 
Foreknowledge charm 
[Horoscope] 
(No titlc) Spell for foreknowledge 
(No titlc) Memory spcll 
A copy from a holy book (spell for fore- 
knowledge and memory) 
Memory spell 
Foreknowledge charm 
Another (foreknowledge charm to dncct a 
thief) 
Another (spell ro detect a thief?) 
[Spell to establish a relationship with] 
Helios 
(No title) Spell for gaining control of one's 
shadow 
- - 
(No title) Spell for a direct vision 
(No title) Magical handbook , - 
;NO title) Spcll for revelation 
Initiation 
(No title) Spell for revelation 
Phylactery against daimons 
xii 
PGM N. 88-93 
PGMN. 94-153 
PGM IV. 154-285 
PGM IV 286-95 
PGM IV 296-466 
PGMIV 467-68 
PGM IV. 469-70 
PGM IV. 471-73 
PGM IV 474 
PGM IV 475-829 
PGMIV 830 
PGMN. 831-32 
PGM IV. 833-34 
PGM IV. 835-49 
PGMIV 850-929 
PGM IV 930-1114 
PGMIV. 1115-66 
PGM IV. 1167- 1226 
PGMIV. 1227-64 
PGM N. 1265-74 
PGM IV. 1275-1322 
PGM IV. 1323-30 
PGMN. 1331-89 
PGM N . 1390- 1495 
PGM IV. 1496- 1595 
PGMIV. 1596-1715 
PGMIV. 1716-1870 
PGAX IV. 1872-1927 
PGM N. 1928-2005 
PGM W. 2006-2125 
PGMN. 2125-39 
PGM IV. 2140-44 
PGM N. 2145-2240 
PGM N. 2241-2358 
PGM N. 2359-72 
PGMN. 2373-2440 
PGM N . 2441-2621 
PGMN. 2622-2707 
PGMIV. 2708-84 
PGM IV. 2785-2890 
PGM IV. 2891 -2942 
PGM IV 2943-66 
PGM IV 2967-3006 
PGM IV 3007-86 
PGMIV 3086-3124 
PGMN. 3125-71 
PGMN. 3172-3208 
PGM N. 3209-54 
PGMW. 3255-74 
PGM V 
W.C.G. I M.W.M. 
M.W.M. 
J.P.H. 1 E.N.0 
E.N.O. 
E.N.O. 
R.F.H. 
H.M. 
H.M. 
H.M. 
M.W.M. 
H.M. 
R.F.H. 
H.M. 
W.C.G. 
W.C.G. 
W.C.G. I E.N.O. 
W.C.G. 
W.C.G. 
M.W.M. 
E.N.O. 
W.C.G. 
W.C.G. 
W.C.G. 
E.N.O. 
E.N.O. 
M.S. 
E.N.O. 
E.N.O. 
E.N.O. 
E.N.O. 
M.S. 
W.C.G. 
H.M. 
E.N.O. 
R.F.H. 
R.F.H. 
E.N.O. 
E.N.O. 
E.N.O. 
E.N.O. 
E.N.O. 
E.N.O. 
E.N.O. 
W.C.G. 
W.C.G. 
M.S. 
W.C.G. 
T.P.H. 
E.N.O. 
Tablc of Spells 
Another, to Hclios 
(No tide) Love spell of attraction 
Nephotes to Psammerichos (letter conccm- 
ing bowl divination) 
Spdl for picking a plant 
Wondrous spcll for binding a lover 
Charm to rcstrain anger 
(Charm) to get friends 
(No tida) Verses from Homcr 
(No tidc) Verse from Homcr 
(No tidc) The "Mithras Limrgy" 
(No titlc) Vcrse from Homer 
Charm to rcstrain anger 
(Cham) to gct friends 
(No title) Astrological text 
Charm of Solomon that produces a trance 
Charm that produces direct vision 
Hidden stele (prayer) 
Stele (spcll for deliverance) 
Rite for driving our daimons 
Aphroditc's name (love spell) 
Bear charm 
Another (Bear charm) 
Bear charm 
Love spell of attraction 
Love spell of attraction 
Consecration for d purposes 
Sword of Dardanos (love spell) 
(No title) Fetching charm 
King Pitys' spell of attraction . 
Pitys' spell of attraction 
A restraining seal 
Pitys rhc Tksalian's spell for quesrioning 
corpscs 
Divine assistance from three Homeric 
verses 
Document to the waning moon 
Business spell 
Charm for acquiring business 
Love spell of attraction 
Slander spell to Selene 
Lovc spell of attraction 
Praycr to Selene 
Love spell of attraction 
Love spell of attraction 
(No tide) Spell for picking a plant 
Charm of Pihechis for those possessed by 
daimons 
Oraclc of Kronos, called "litrle mill" 
(No tide) Spell for favor 
Dream-producing charm 
Saucer divination of Aphrodite 
(No tide) Spell to induce insomnia 
(No title) Magical handbook 
Table of Spells 
PGMV 1-53 
PGM V. 54-69 
PGMV 70-95 
PGMV 96-172 
PGMV 172-212 
PGMV. 213-303 
PGMV. 304-69 
PGM V. 370-446 
PGMV. 447-58 
PGMV. 459-89 
PGM Va. 1 - 3 
PGM VI. 1-47 
PGM VII 
PGM VII. 1-148 
PGM VII. 149-54 
PGM VII. 155-67 
PGM VII. 167-86 
PGMVII. 186-90 
PGM VII. 191 -92 
PGM VII. 193-96 
PGM VII. 197-98 
PGMVII. 199-201 
PGMVII. 201-2 
PGM VII. 203-5 
PGM VII. 206- 7 
PGM VII. 208-9 
PGMVII. 209-10 
PGMVII. 211-12 
I'GM VII. 213-14 
PGMVII. 215-18 
PGMVII. 218-21 
PGM VII. 222-49 
PGM VII. 250-54 
PGM VII. 255-59 
PGM W. 260-71 
PGM VII. 272-83 
PGM VII. 284-99 
PGM VII. 300 
PGM VII. 300a-310 
PGMVII. 311-16 
PGM VII. 317-18 
PGM VII. 319-34 
PGM VII. 335-47 
PGM VII. 348-58 
PGM VII. 359-69 
PGM VII. 370-73 
PGM VII. 374-76 
PGM VII. 376-84 
PGMVII. 385-89 
PGM VII. 390-93 
PGM VII. 394-95 
PGM VII. 396-404 
W.C.G. 
W.C.G. 
W.C.G. 
D.E.A. 
W.C.G. 
M.S. 
M.S. 
E.N.O. 
M.S. 
U.E.A. 
H.M. 
E.N.O. 
H.M. 
W.C.G. 
W.C.G. 
R.D.K. 
R.F.H. 
E.N.O. 
J.S. 
1,s. 
J.S. 
J.S. 
J.S. 
J.S. 
1,s. 
J.S. 
T.S. 
H.M. 
J.S. 
W.C.G. 
W.C.G. 
W.C.G. 
J.S. 
W.C.G. 
E.N.O. 
W.C.G. 
E.N.O. 
M.S. 
M.S. 
W.C.G. 
W.C.G. 
W.C.G. 
W.C.G. 
W.C.G. 
R.F.H. 
R.F.H. 
E.N.O. 
R.F.H. 
R.F.H. 
R.F.H. 
Oracle of Sarapis 
Direct vision spell 
(No titlc) Spell to catch a thicf 
Stele of Jcu the hicroglyphist (lotter) 
Anothcr way (spell to catcl~ a thicf) 
Hermes' ring 
(No titlc) Detixio 
(No tide) Spell for rc\relation 
(No title) Instruction concerning a magical 
ring 
Anothcr way (spell for many purposes) 
(No titlc) Spell for dircct vision 
(No titlc) Praycr for encountcr with Helios 
(No titlc) Magical handbook 
Homer oracle 
To keep bugs our of the house 
Days and houn for divination 
Uemokriros' "table gimmicks" 
Favor and victory charm 
Spell for binding a lover 
For scorpion sting 
For discharge of the eyes 
For migraine headache 
Another (for migraine headache) 
For coughs 
Another (for coughs) 
For hardening of the breast^ 
For swollen testicles 
For fever with shivering fits 
For daily fever and nightly fever 
Stele of Aphrodite (spell for favor) 
Phylactery for daily fcver with shivering tits 
Request for a dream oracle from Besas 
Request for a dream orade 
Another to the same lamp 
For the ascent of the uterus 
(No title) Astrological calendar 
Orbit of the moon (horoscope) 
(No tide) Spcll of uncertain purpose 
Love charm 
Phylactery 
Another phylactery 
Cham for dircct vision 
Charm for direct vision 
Divination by means of a bop 
Request for a dream orade 
(Spell) against every wild animal 
Charm to induce insomnia 
Anothcr (cham to induce insomnia) 
Cup spell (love spell) 
Victory charm for the races 
Coercive spell for restraining 
Spell for silencing, subjecting, and 
restraining 
xi\, 
PGM VII. 405-6 
PGM VII. 407-10 
PGM VII. 411-16 
PGM VII. 417-22 
PGM VII. 423-28 
PGM VII. 429-58 
PGM VII. 459-61 
PGM VII. 462-66 
PGM VII. 467-77 
PGM VII. 478-90 
PGM VII. 490-504 
PGM VII. 505-28 
PGM VII. 528-39 
PGM VII. 540-78 
PGM VII. 579-90 
PGM VII. 591-92 
PGM VII. 593-619PGM VII. 619-27 
PGM VII. 628-42 
PGM VII. 643-51 
PGM VII. 652-60 
PGM VII. 661-63 
PGM VII. 664-85 
PGM VII. 686-702 
PGM VII. 703-26 
PGM VII. 727-39 
PGM VII. 740-55 
PGM VII. 756-94 
PGM VII. 795-845 
PGM VII. 846-61 
PGM VII. 862-918 
PGM VII. 919-24 
PGM VII. 925-39 
PGM VII. 940-68 
PGM VII. 969-72 
PGM VII. 973-80 
PGM VII. 981-93 
PGM VII. 993-1009 
PGM VII. 1009-16 
PGM VII. 1017-26 
PGM VIII. 1-63 
PGM VIII. 64-110 
PGM M. 1 - 14 
PGMX. 1-23 
PGM X. 24-35 
PGM X. 36-50 
PGM XIa. 1-40 
PGM XIb. 1-5 
PGMXIc. 1-19 
PDM xii (PGM X I ) 
PDM xii 1-5 
PDM xii 6-20 
E.N.O. 
E.N.O. 
E.N.O. 
M.S. 
R.F.H. 
M.S. 
E.N.O. 
E.N.O. 
E.N.O. 
H.M. 
M.S. 
H.M. 
R:F.H. 
J.P.H. 
M.S. 
W.C.G. 
D.E.A. 
E.N.O. 
M.S. 
E.N.O. 
R.F.H. 
E.N.O. 
E.N.O. 
H.D.B. 
W.C.G. 
W.C.G. 
W.C.G. 
W.C.G. 
J.P.H. 
W.C.G. 
E.N.O. 
R.F.H. 
R.F.H. 
R.F.H. 
E.N.O. 
E.N.O. 
E.N.O. 
W.C.G. 
W.C.G. 
R.F.H. 
E.N.O. 
W.C.G. I E.N.O. 
R.F.H. 1E.N.O. 
E.N.O. 
R.F.H. 
R.F.H. 
H.M. 
R.D.K. 
E.N.O. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
Love spell 
(No title) Dream soell 
Spell for causing talk whiie asleep 
Restraining spell 
To win at dice 
Restraining spell 
Love charm 
Love charm 
(No tide) Love spell of attraction 
(No title) Spell for dream revelation 
(No title) Spell for protection 
Meeting with your own daimon 
Victor). charm 
Lamp divination 
Phylactery 
(No title) Prayer of invocation 
Fetching charm 
From the Diadem of Moses (spells for 
invisibility and love) 
(No tide) Rite involving a magical ring 
Cup spell (love spell) 
Spell to induce insomnia 
Love spell 
Request for dream revelations 
Bear charm 
Request for dream oracle 
Charm for a direct vision of Apollo 
[Request for a drcam oracle1 
P,,r 
Pvthazoras' rcaucst for a dream oracle and 
3 0 
Demokritos' drcam divination 
Shadow on the sun (sycU for revelation) 
Lunar spell of ~laudianos 
Hemu ' wondrous victow charm 
Another, charm to subject 
Charm to restrain anger and to subject 
A good potion (love spell) 
Love spell of attraction . . . 
[Love spell of attraction] 
(No title) Spell of uncertain purpose 
Divination by a dream 
[No title] Spell for favor and victo~y 
Binding love spell of Astrapsoukos 
Request for a dream oracle of Besas 
(No tide) Spell to subject and silence 
(No tide [?I) Love spell 
Charm to restrain anger 
Apollo's chann to subject 
Apollonius of Tyana's old serving woman 
(No title) "Table gimmick" (?) 
(No title) Love spell 
(No tide) Magical handbook 
(No title) Invocation 
A ring to cause praise 
Table of Spells 
PDM xii 21-49 
PGMXII. 1-13 
PGM XII. 14-95 
PGM XII. 96- 106 
PGM XII. 107-21 
PGM XII. 121-43 
PGM XII. 144-52 
PGM XII. 153-60 
PGM XII. 160-78 
PGMXII. 179-81 
PGM XII. 182-89 
PGM XII. 190-92 
PGM XII. 193-LO1 
PGM XII. 201-69 
PGM XII. 270-350 
PGM XII. 351-64 
PGM XII. 365-75 
PGM XII. 376-96 
PGM XII. 397-400 
PGM XII. 401-44 
PDMxii. 50-61 
[PGM XII. 445-481 
PDM xii. 62-75 
[PGM XII. 449-521 
PDMxii. 76-107 
[PGM XII. 453-651 
PDMxii. 108-18 
[PGM XII. 466-681 
PDMxii. 119-34 
[PGM XII. 469-731 
PDM xii. 135-46 
[PGM XII. 474-791 
PDM xii. 147-64 
[PGM XI1. 480-951 
[PGM X I . 480-951 
PGM XIII. 1-734 
PGM XIII. 1-343 
PGM XIII. 343-646 
PGM XIII. 647-734 
PGM XIII. 734-1077 
PDM xiv 
PDM xiv. 1-92 
PDM xiv. 93-114 
[PGM XIVa. l- l l ] 
PDM xiv. 1 15 
PDM xiv. 116 
J.H.J. 
H.M. 
H.M. 
R.F.H. 
W.C.G. 
K.D.K. 
W.C.G. 
W.C.G. 
R.F.H. 
K.F.H. 
R.F.H. 
W.C.G. 
J.S. 
M.S. 
M.S. 
J.l'.H. 
R.F.H. 
R.F.H. 
H.M. 
H.D.B. I J.S. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. I R.F.H. 
1.H.J. 
J.H.J. I E.N.O. 
J.H.J. I E.N.O. 
J.H.J. I E.N.O. 
M.S. 
M.S. 
M.S. 
M.S. 
M.S. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 1 W.C.G. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
X\' 
(No titlc) Prayer for a revelation of a rem- 
edy for a discasc 
Rite (to produce an epiphany of Kore) 
Eros as assistant daimon 
Himurios' recipes 
Charm of Agathokles for sending dreams 
Zminis ofTentyra's spell for sending dreams 
Request for a drcam 
Spell for a divine revelation 
(No titlc) Spcll to release from bonds 
(No titlc) Spell for restraining anger 
(No titlc) Spell for gaining favor 
Roquest for a drcam oracle spoken to the 
Buar 
[To make] a tincture of gold 
A ring 
A little ring for success and favor and . 
victoty 
Demokritos' "sohere" 
Cham for causing separation 
Charm to induce insomnia 
To gain favor and friendship forever 
Interpretations 
Spell for separating one person from 
another 
Anothcr (spell for separation) 
Anothcr (spell for separation) 
A spell [to] cause a woman to hate a man 
A spell for it (fetching spell?) 
(No title) Love spell of attraction 
Another (love spell of attraction) 
A sacred book called "Unique" or "Eighth 
Book of Moscs" 
[Part A: Initiation ritual and magical 
handbook] 
[Part B: A second, different version of the 
initiation ritual] 
[Part C: A third, ditfercnt version of the in- 
itiation ritual] 
(No title) A collection of miscellaneous 
spells 
(No title) Magical handbook 
[A vessel divination] 
(No title) Spcll for revelation 
(No title) Spcll for vision (?) 
Another spell for vision (?) 
PDM xiv. 117-49 
PDMxiv. 150-231 
PDM xiv. 232-38 
I'DM xiv. 239-95 
PDM xi\.. 295-308 
PDM xir. 309-34 
PDMrix,. 335-55 
PDM xiv. 355-65 
PDM xiv. 366-75 
I'DM riv. 376-94 
PDM xiv. 395-427 
PDM xirr. 428-50 
PDM xiv. 451-58 
[PGM XNb. 12- 151 
PDM xiv. 459-75 
PDM xiv. 475-88 
PDM xiv. 489-515 
PDMxiv. 516-27 
PDM xiv. 528-53 
PDM xi\,. 554-62 
PDM xiv. 563-74 
PDM xiv. 574-85 
PDM xiv. 585-93 
PDM xiv. 594-620 
PDM xiv. 620-26 
PDM xiv. 627-35 
PDM xiv. 636-69 
PDM xiv. 670-74 
PDM xiv. 675-94 
[PGM XWc. 15-27] 
PDM xiv. 695-700 
PDM xiv. 701-5 
PDM xiv. 706- 10 
PDMxiv. 711- 15 
PDM xiv. 716-24 
1'DM xiv. 724-26 
I'DM xiv. 727-36 
PDM xiv. 737-38 
PDM xiv. 739-40 
PDM xiv. 741 
PDM xiv. 742 
PDM xiv. 743-49 
PDM xiv. 750-71 
PDM xiv. 772-804 
PDM xiv. 805-40 
PDM xiv. 841-50 
PDM xiv. 851-55 
PDM xiv. 856-75 
PDM xiv. 875-85 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.13.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
T.H.T. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
T.H.T. . , 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 1 R.F.H. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
T.H.T. . . 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
T.H.T. , . 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
T.H.T. , . 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
T.H.T. 
A "god's arrival" 
An inquiry of the lamp 
A "god's arrival" 
The vessel inquiry of Khonsu 
[A] vessel [inquiry] 
A spcll for causing favor 
(No title) Love spcll 
Another love spcll 
The method (spcll for scparating mall and 
woman) 
(No titlc) 17a'arious recipes 
[A ~csscl divination] 
(No title) Two love potions 
(No title) Spell for going before a superior 
(No titlc) Lamp divination 
(No title) Lamp divination 
Another (lamp divination) 
Another (lamp divination) 
(No titlc) Vessel divination 
(No titlc) Spcll for dog bite 
(No title) Spell for removal of poison 
(No title) Spell for removal of bone stuck 
in the throat 
(No title) Spell for dog bite 
(No title) Spell for s ~ g 
(No title) Spcll for remwal of bone stuck 
in the throat 
(No title) Vessel divination 
(No title) Love potion 
(No title) Introduction to a collection of 
spclls (?) 
A spell (to cause "cvil sleep") 
(No tide) Vessel divination 
(No title) Vessel divination 
(No title) Spcll against "evil sleep" 
Prescription (to cause "evil sleep") 
Another (spell to causc "evil sleep") 
Another (spell to causc "evil sleep") 
A prcscription (three prescriptions to cause 
"evil sleep") 
A prescription (to causc ''evil sleep") 
Anothcr (spell to cause "cvil slccp") 
Anothcr (spell to cause "evil sleep") 
Another (spell to cause "cvil slcep") 
Anothcr (spell to cause "cvil slcep") 
(No titlc) Lamp divination 
A mathod ilove s~ellsi 
Anothcr (vessel inquiry) 
(No titlc) Inquiry of the sun 
Here is another (inquiry of tha sun) 
Table of Spells 
PDM xiv. 886-96 J.H.J. 
PDM xiv. 897-910 J.H.J. 
PDM xiv. 912-16 J.H.J. 
PDMxiv.917-19 J.H.J. 
PDMxiv. 920-29 J.H.J. 
PDM xiv. 930-32 J.H.J. 
PDM xiv. 933-34 J.H.J. 
PDM xiv. 935-39 J.H.J. 
PDM xiv. 940-52 J.H.J. 
PDMxiv. 953-55 J.H.J. 
PDMxiv.956-60 J.H.J. 
PDM xiv. 961-65 J.H.J. 
PDMxiv. 966-69 J.H.J. 
PDM xiv. 970-77 J.H.J. 
PDM xiv. 978-80 J.H.J. 
PDMxiv.981-84 J.H.J. 
PDMxiv. 985-92 J.H.J. 
PDM xiv. 993-1002 J.H.J. 
PDM xiv. 1003-14 J.H.J. 
PDM xiv. 1015-20 J.H.J. 
PDM xi". 1021-23 1.H.J 
PDMxiv. 1024-25 J.H.J. 
PDM xi". 1026-45 J.H.J. 
PDM xiv. 1046-47 J.H.J. 
PDM xiv. 1047-48 J.H.J. 
PDMxiv. 1049-55 J.H.J. 
PDM xiv. 1056-62 J.H.J. 
PDMxiv. 1063-69 J.H.J. 
PDM xiv. 1070-77 J.H.J. 
PDMxiv. 1078-89 J.H.J. 
PDM xiv. 1090-96 J.H.J. 
PDM xi". 1097-1103 J.H.J. 
PDM xi". 1104-9 J.H.J. 
PDM xiv. 1110-29 J.H.J. 
PDMxiv. 1130-40 J.H.J. 
PDM xiv. 1141-54 J.H.J. 
PDM xiv. 1155-62 J.H.J. 
PDM xiv. 1163-79 J.H.J. 
PDMxiv. 1180-81 J.H.J. 
PDMxiv. 1182-87 J.H.J. 
PDM xiv. 1188-89 J.H.J. 
PDM xiv. 1190-93 J.H.J. 
PDMxiv. 1194-95 J.H.J. 
PDMxiv. 1196-98 T.H.T. 
PDM xiv. 1199-1205 J.H.~. 
PDMxiv. 1206-18 J.H.J. 
(No title) Recipes involving herbs 
(No title) List of herbs and minerals 
(No titlc) Spell to cause "cvil sleep" 
Prescription (to cause "evil sleep") 
(No title) Information concerning mineral 
A prescription (love spell) 
(No titlc) Information concerning mineral 
(No tidc) Prescription for a warcry ear 
(No tide) Information concerning sala- 
mander and herbs 
A prescription (to stop blood) 
(No title) Test of prcmancv . -. . 
A prescription (two prcscriptions to stop 
hloodi -~~ - 
(No title) Information conccrnine hcrbs " 
A prescription (two prescriptions to stop 
liquid in a woman) 
Another (prescription to stop liquid in a 
woman) 
Another (prescription to stop liquid in a 
woman) 
Gout (prescription) 
Another (prescription for gout) 
(No tide) Amulet for gout 
(No title) Prescription For unidentifiable 
ailment 
(No tide) Prescription for a stiff foot 
(No tide) Another prescription for a stiff 
foot 
(No titlc) Love spell 
(No title) Love spell 
(No title) Love spell 
(No titlc) Love spell 
(No title) Spells involving voces mqicue 
(No titlc) Love spell 
(No titlc) Spell to send dreams and make a 
woman love 
(No titlc) Request for revelation 
(No titlc) Fetching spell 
(No titlc) Spell to heal an cyc disease 
(No tide) Recipe concerning eye ointment 
(No title) Spell to open eyes for divination 
(No titlc) Love spell 
(No title) Spell for lamp divination 
(No tide) Love spell 
(No titlc) Spell for vesscl divination 
(No title) Fragment from invocation 
(No tidc) Spell to cause madness 
(No titlc) Love spell (?) 
(No titlc) Another love spell 
(No tide) Another love spell 
(No titlc) Another love spell 
(No title) Spell for lamp divination 
(No titlc) Love spell 
PDM riv. 1219-27 
PGMXV. 1-21 
PGM XVI. 1-75 
PGM XVIIa. 1-25 
PGM XVIIb. 1-23 
PGM XVIIc. 1 - 14 
PGM XVIIIa. 1-4 
PGM XVIIIb. 1-7 
PGM m a . 1-54 
PGM XlXb. 1-3 
PGM XIXb. 4-18 
PGM XX. 1-4 
PGM XX. 4-12 
J.H.J. 
R.F.H. 
E.N.O. 
E.N.O. 
E.N.O. 
R.D.K. 
J.S. 
J.S. 
E.N.O. 1R.D.K. 
E.N.O. 
E.N.O. 
E.N.O. 
E.N.O. 
PGM XX. 13- 19 E.N.O. 
PGM M I . 1-29 W.C.G. 
PGM XXIIa. 1-27 J.S. 
PGM XXIIb. 1-26 D.E.A. 
PGM XXIIb. 27-31 D.E.A. 
PGM XXIIb. 32-35 D.E.A. 
PGM XXIII. 1-70 E.N.O. 
PGMXXNa.1-25 W.C.G. 
PGMXXIVb. 1-15 R.D.K. 
PGM XXVa-d R.l).K. 
PGM XXVI. 1-21 --- 
PGM XXVII. 1-5 R.F.H. 
PGM XXVIIla. 1-7 R.D.K. 
PGM XXVIIIb. 1-9 K.D.K. 
PGM XXVIIIc. 1-11 K.D.K. 
PGM MIX. 1-10 E.N.O. 
PGM XXX a-f - 
PGM XXXI a-c - 
PGM XXXII. 1-19 E.N.O. 
PGM XXXIIa. 1-25 E.N.O. 
PGM XXXIII. 1-25 J.S. 
PGMXXXIV. 1-24 E.N.O. 
PGMXXXV. 1-42 R.F.H. 
PGMXXXVI. 1-34 M.S. 
PGMXXXVI. 35-68 K.F.H. 
PGMXXXVI. 69-101 E.N.O. 
PGMXXXVI. 102-33 E.N.O. 
PGM XXXVI. 134-60 E.N.O. 
PGM XXXVI. 161-77 R.F.H. 
PGMXXXVI. 178-87 M.S. 
PGM XXXVI. E.N.O. 
187-210 
PGMXXXVI. 211-30 R.F.H. 
PGM XXXVI. 231-55 K.F.H. 
PGMXXXVI. 256-64 M.S. 
PGM XXXVI. 264-74 K.F.H. 
PGM XXXVI. 275-83 H.M. 
PGM XXXVI. 283-94 E.N.0 
(No title) Spell for fever 
(No titlc) Charm to bind a lover 
(No tidc) Charm to bind a lover 
(No tide) Love spell of attraction 
(No tide) Praycr 
(No tidc) Amulet 
(No tidc) Amulet for headache 
(No tidc) Fever amulet 
(No titlc) Love spell of attraction 
(No titlc) Love spell of attraction 
Lovc spell of attraction 
[Spcll for] headache 
[Thc charm] of the Syrian woman of 
Gadara for any inflammation 
The charm ofthe Thessalian Philinna, [for] 
headache 
(No tido) Invocation 
(No tide) Magico-medical recipes 
Prayer of Jacob 
Kcquest for a dream oracle 
Request for a dream oracle 
Fragment of thc Kestni of Julius African~is 
(No tide) Oraclc 
(No tide) Lovc spell 
(No tide) Amulets (?) 
(No tide) SnlterRrt~ampsychi (omittod) 
Victory charm 
(No tide) Spcll for scorpion sting 
(No title) Spcll for scorpion sting 
(No title) Spcll for scorpion sting 
(No title) Prayer (poem) 
(No title) Oracle questions (omittcd) 
(No title) Oraclc questions (omittcd) 
(No title) Lovc spell of attraction 
(No title) Lovc spcll of armaction 
(No tide) Fever amulet 
(No tide) Fragmcnt from a novel 
Charm for favor and victory 
Charm to restrain 
Charm to restrain angcr and to secure favor 
Love spell of attraction 
Divination by fire (lovc spcll) 
Love spell of attraction 
Charm to restrain angcr, and for success 
Cham to break spells 
Love spcll of attraction 
Prayer to Helios: charm to restrain anger, 
and for victory and favor 
(No titlc) Charm to inflict harm 
(No title) Charm ro break enchantmcnr 
(No titlc) Charm of uncertain purpose 
Charm for gaining fawr 
Pudenda key spell 
rahlc of Spclls 
PGM XXXVI. E.N.O. 
295-311 
PGMXXXVI. 312-20 R.F.H. 
PGM XXXVI. 320-32 J.S. 
PGM XXXVI. 333-60 E.N.O. 
PGM ,Y)(XVI. 361-71 E.N.O. 
PGM XXXVII. 1-26 R.D.K. 
PGMXXXl'III. 1-26 E.N.O. 
PGM X X m . 1-21 E.N.O. 
PGMXL. 1-18 R.F.H. 
PGM XLI. 1-9 R.D.K. 
PGM XLII. 1-10 R.D.K. 
PGM XLIII. 1-27 J.S. 
PGM XLIV. 1 - 18 R.D.K. 
PGM XLV. 1 - 8 R.D.K. 
PGM XLVI. 1-4 R.F.H. 
PGM XLVI. 4-8 R.F.H. 
PGMXLVII. 1-17 M.S. 
PGMXLVIII. 1-21 M.W.M. 
PGM XLIX R.D.K. 
PGM L. 1-18 R.D.K. 
PGM LI. 1-27 R.F.H. 
PGM LII. 1-9 R.D.K. 
PGM LII. 9-19 R.D.K. 
PGM LII. 20-26 R.D.K. 
PGM LIII-LVI - 
I'GM LVII. 1-37 R.F.H. 
I'GM LVIII. 1 - 14 
PGMLVIII. 15-39 
I'GM LM. 1 - 15 
PGM LX. 1-5 
PDMlxi. 1-30 
PDM Ixi. 30-41 
PDM Ixi. 42 
PDM Ixi. 43-48 
[PGM LXI. i-v]* 
PDM Ixi. 49-57 
PDM Ixi. 58-62 
[PGM LXI. xi, XI* 
PDM lxi. 63-78 
PDM hi. 79-94 
PDM Ixi. 95-99 
PDMIxi. 100-105 
PDM lxi. 106-11 
PDMlxi. 112-27 
PDM Ixi. 128-47 
PDM Ixi. 148-58 
PDM Ixi. 159-96 
[PGM LXI. 1-38] 
PDM Ixi. 197-216 
[PGM LXI. 39-71] 
PGM LXII. 1-24 
R.F.H. 
R.F.H. 
M.S. 
M.S. 
R.K.R. 
T.H.T. , , 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. / R 
J.H.J. 
R.D.K. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H. J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
T.H.T. . . 
J.H.J. 
E.N.O. 
E.N.O. 
Lovc spell of attraction 
Charm to open a door 
~on t rac i~ t ive spc11 
Love spcll of atrraction 
Love spcll of attraction 
(No titlc) Spell of unccrtain pllrpose 
(No tide) Love spell of attraction 
(No title) Lovc spcll of attraction 
(No title) Curie 
(No tide) Amulet (?) 
(No title) Amulet (? ) 
(No titlc) Amulet against ferrr 
(No titlc) Amulet against fever (?) 
(No title) Amulet (?) 
(No titlc) Request for revelation (?) 
Spcll to silence and subject 
(No title) Amulet against fever 
(No title) Amuler (?) 
(No title) Amulet 
(No title) Oracle (?) 
(No title) Charm to inAict harm 
(No title) Love spell (?) 
(No title) Love spell (?) 
Spell to induce insomnia 
(No titles) Spells (?) of uncertain purpose 
(omitted) 
(No title) Rite to acquirc an assistant 
daimon (?) 
(No tide) Spell to inflict harm 
(No title) Spcll of unccrtain purposc 
(No title) Phylactery 
(No title) Amulet 
(No title) Spell for revelation 
(No tide) Spell of uncertain purpose 
(No title) Spell of uncertain purpose 
.D.K. Rcmcdy for [an] ulcer (?) of the head 
[Remedy for the] head (?) 
For an erecuon 
(No tide) Spcll for a dream revelation 
Wav of finding a thief 
Spcll of giving pram and love in Nuhian 
Thc red cloth of Nephthys 
Prcscripuon for a donkey not moving 
Prescription for making a woman love 
(No title) Love spell 
(No title) Lovc spell 
Lovc charm 
Love spell of attraction 
(No title) Love spell of attraction 
PGM I.XII. 24-46 W.C.G. 
1'GM I.XII. 47-51M.S. 
PGM LXII. 52-75 R.D.K. 
PGM LXII. 76- 106 J.S. 
PGM LXIII. 1-7 E.N.O. 
PGM LXIII. 7-12 E.N.O. 
PGM LXIII. 13-20 E.N.O. 
PGM LXIII. 21-24 E.N.O. 
PGM LXIII. 24-25 J.S. 
PGM 1.XIII. 26-28 J.S. 
PGM I.XIV 1 - 12 R.F.H. 
PGM LXV. 1-4 J.S. 
PGM LXV 4- 7 J.S. 
PGM LXVI. 1-11 R.F.H. 
PGM LXVII. 1-24 E.N.O. 
PGM 1,XVIII. 1-20 E.N.O. 
PGM LXIX. 1-3 D.E.A. 
PGM W(. 1-4 H.D.R. 
PGM LXX. 4-25 H.D.U. 
PGM LXX. 26-51 H.D.R. 
PGM LXXI. 1-8 M.S. 
PGM LXXII. 1-36 W.C.G. 
PGM - 
LXXIII-LXXVI 
PGM LXXVII. 1-24 W.C.G. 
PGM LXXVIII. 1-14 E.N.O. 
PGM LXXIX. 1 - 7 R.F.H. 
PGM LXXX. 1-5 R.F.H. 
PGM LXXXI. 1-10 W.C.G. 
PGM LXXXII. 1-12 R.D.K. 
PGM LXXXIII. 1-20 R.D.K. 
PGM LXXXIV. 1-21 R.D.K. 
PGMIXXXV. 1-6 R.D.K. 
PGM LXXXVI. 1-2 R.D.K. 
PGM LXXXVI. 3-7 R.D.K. 
PGM LXXXVII. 1-11 R.D.K. 
PGM LXXXVIII. 1-19 R.D.K. 
PGM 1,XXXIX. 1-27 R.D.K. 
PGMXC. 1-13 H.D.B. 
PGM XC. 14- 18 H.D.B. 
PGMXCI. 1-14 R.D.K. 
PGM XCII. 1- 16 R.D.K. 
PGM XCIII. 1-6 R.D.K. 
PGM XCIII. 7-21 R.D.K. 
PGM XCIV. 1 - 3 R.D.K. 
PGM XCN. 4-6 R.D.K. 
PGM XCIV 7-9 R.l>.K. 
PGMXCIV 10-16 R.1I.K. 
' H (No title) Sauccr divination 
(No title) Oraclc 
(No tide) Horoscope 
(No titlc) Soell (or nvo spclls), to inflict 
harm (:) 
(No tidc) Lo\--potion (?) 
lS~ell to make a woman1 confess thc name . . 
of the man she lava 
(No titlc) Spcll of uncertain purposc 
(No title) Spcll of uncertain purposc 
Contracepti~c 
Contraceptive 
(No titlc) Charm to inflict ham1 
Spcll to [prevent prcgnan~?] 
For migraine headache 
(No titlc) Charm to cause separation 
(No titlc) Love spcll (?) 
(No tidc) Love spell 
(No titlc) Victov spcll (?) 
Charm for favor, etc. 
Charm of Hekatc Ercschigal against fear 
of punishment 
Against fear and to dissolve spclls 
Phylactery 
[Rite concerning the Bead 
(No tides) Oracle questions (omitted) 
(No titlc) Charm for getting a revelation 
(No tidc) Love spcll of attraction 
Charm to restrain anger 
Charm to restrain anger 
(No tidc) Greetings to deities 
(No titlc) Recipe for ingredient? (fragment 
of fornlulav?) 
For fevcr with shivering fits 
(No titlc) Fetching cham 
(No tidc) For daimon possession 
(No tidc) Amulet 
(No titlo) Rite 
(No titlc) Fever amulet 
(No ti&) Fever amulcr 
(No titlc) Phylactery for fever, phantoms, 
daimons, etc. 
(No title) Rite or phylactery 
Salve for fever 
(No tide) Fcver amulet (? ) 
[Charm] for favor 
(No ritle) Sacrificial rite 
(No tide) Kitc 
(No title) VOCEJ mugicae 
Drying porvder made with saEron [for] 
sharp eyesight 
For excellent hcalth 
rl phylactery for [fever] 
Tablo of Spells 
I'GMXCIV. 17-21 
PGM XCIV. 22-26 
PGMXCIV 27-35 
PGM XCIV. 36-38 
PGM XCIV. 39-60 
PGM XCV. 1-6 
PGM XCV. 7- 13 
PGMXCV. 14-18 
PGM XCT'I. 1-8 
PGM XCVII. 1-6 
PGM XCVII. 7-9 
PGM XCTTII. 10- 13 
PGM XCVII. 15-17 
PGM XCVIII. 1-7 
PGM XCM. 1-3 
PGMC. 1-7 
PGM CI. 1-53 
PGM CII. 1- 17 
PGM CIII. 1-18 
PGM CIV. 1-8 
PGM CV. 1 - 15 
PGM CVI. 1-10 
PGM CVII. 1 - 19 
PGM CVIII. 1 -12 
PGM CIX. 1 - 8 
PGM CX. 1- 12 
PGM CXI. 1-15 
PGM CXII. 1 - 15 
PGM CXIII. 1-4 
PGM CXIV. 1 - 14 
PGM CXV. 1 - 7 
PGM CXVI. 1 - 17 
I'GM CXVII. Fr. 
1-23 
PGM CXVIII 
PGM CXIXa. 1 
PGM CXIXa. 2-3 
PGM CXIXa. 4-6 
PGM CXIXa. 7- 11 
PGM CXIXh. 1-3 
I'GM CXIXh. 4-5 
PGM CXX. 1-13 
PGM CXXI. 1-14 
PGM CXXII. 1 - 5 
PGM CXXII. 5-25 
PGM CXXII. 26-50 
PGM CXXII. 51-55 
PGM CXXIIIa. 1-23 
K.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
R.1I.K. 
R.D.K. 
K.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
K.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
K.D.K. 
H.D.B. 
H.D.B. 
H.D.B. 
H.D.B. 
H.D.B. 
H.D.B. 
H.D.B. 
H.D.B. 
H.D.B. 
K.D.K. 
K.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
K.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
H.D.B. 
K.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
H.D.B. 
R.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
H.D.B. 
H.D.B. 
H.D.B. 
H.D.B. 
For thosc possessed by daimons 
For the eyes 
(For] tumors [and] . . . 
(For . . . 1 and strangun 
Another, for migrainc headache 
(No tide) Spcll for subjilgation 
Concerning the mole-[rat] 
A remcdy for all cascs o f . . . [epilepsy] 
(No titlc) An~ulet 
(No title) Spell against eye discase (?) 
Another (spcll) 
Another (spcll) 
For every jdisease] 
(No title) Amulet 
(No titlc) Amulet 
(No title) Amuler 
(No title) Fetching charm 
(No title) Request for a dream oracle 
(No title) Fetching charm 
(No title) Amulet for fever with shivering 
fits 
(No title) Invocation of Sarapis 
(No title) Amulet for fever with shivering 
firs 
(No title) Fetching charm 
(No title) Fctching charm 
(No title) Love spell 
(No title) Horoscope 
(No title) Instruction for making magical 
figurcs 
(No title) Amulet for scorpion sting 
(No title) Amuler for scorpion sting 
(No title) Amuler for attacks by daimons 
and for epilepsy 
(No title) Amulet for fcver w-ith shivering 
fits 
(No title) Invocarion of Typhon-Seth 
(No titlc) Fetching charm 
(No title) Magical scroll (omitted) 
(No title) Fragment From formulary 
Lovc spell through much 
Fetching charm 
Charm to subject 
(No title) 
[For fever with shivcring fits] 
(No title) Amulet (for inflammation of the 
uvula?) 
(No title) Phylactery for a variety of cvils 
An excerpt for enchantments 
Enchantment using apples 
(No title) Love spcll (fetching charm?) 
For headache 
(No title) Voces magicae 
xsii 
PGM CXXIISa. 
24-47 
PGM CXXIIIa. 
48-50 
PGM CXXIIIa. 
51-52 
PGM CXXIIIa. 
53-55 
PGM CXXIIIa. 
56-68 
PGM CXXIIIa. 
69-72 
PGM CXXIIIb 
PGM CXXIIIc 
PGM CXXIIld 
PGM CXXIIle 
PGM CXXIIIf 
PGM CXXIV. 1 - 5 
PGM CXXIV. 6-43 
PGM CXXVa-f 
PGM CXXVIa. 1-21 
PGM CXXVlb. 1- 17 
PGM CXXVII. 1 - 12 
PGM CXXVIII. 1 - 12 
PGM CXXIX. 1-7 
PGM CXXX. 1-13 
PDM Supplement 
1-6 
R.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
H.D.B. 
H.D.B. 
R.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
R.D.K. 
H.D.B. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
T.H.T. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
T.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
J.H.J. 
For childbearing 
For sleep 
For srrangury 
For a shivering fit 
For victoly 
(No title) Voces mqicae 
(No title) Bees mqicae 
(No tide) Eces ma~icm 
(No title) Parallel of CXXISIa. 24-47 
(No title) Parallel of CXXIIIa. 24-47 
(No tide) Charm to inflict harm (?) 
Charm to inflict harm 
(No title) Fragments of spclls 
(No title) Spell to cause separation 
(No title) Spcll to cause separation 
(No title) Fragment of formulary of mag- 
ico-mcdical prescriptions 
Phylactery for fever 
(No title) Fragmenr of unidentifiabk spcll 
(No title) For a shivering fever 
[Spell for] sending a dream 
[Spell for] sending a drcam 
Spell for sending a dream 
[Spell for] sending a drcam 
Spell for sending a drcam 
Spell for sending a drcam 
Spell for sending a dream 
[Spell] for sending a drcam 
A "god's arrival" of Osiris 
Spell for . . . (subjection?) 
A "god's arrival" of Thoth 
Spell for finding your house of life 
Spell for reciting a document 
(No title) Fragments of rites and fi)rmulac 
XIb 
XIc 
XI1 
XVI 
XVIIa 
XXI 
XXIIa 
List of Papyri in Preisendanz 
Location Number 
Berlin, Staatliche Musecn 
Berlin, Staatlichc Museen 
Paris, Musee du Louvre 
Paris, BihliothCquc N~rionale 
London, British Museum 
Uppsala, Victoriamuseer 
London, British Museum 
London, British Museum 
London, British Museum 
London, British Museum 
London, British Museum 
London, British Museum 
London, British Museum 
London, British Museum 
Leiden, Rijksmuscum van 
Oudhedcn 
Lciden, Rijksmuseum van 
Oudhedcn 
London, British Museum 
Leiden, Rijksmuscum van 
Oudheden 
Alexandria, Musk grtco- 
romain GAlexandric 
l'aris, Musk du Louvre 
Strashourg, Bibliothsquc 
0, 
universitaire et rCgionalc 
Strasbourg, Biblioth?quc 
universitaire et regionale 
Bcrlii, Staatliche Museen 
Berlin, Staatliche Museen 
Berlin, Staatlichc Musecn 
Berlin, Staatlichc Museen 
Berlin. Staatlichc Musecn 
Bcrlin, Staatliche Musecn 
Berlin, Staatliche Muscen 
Bcrlin, Staatliche Musecn 
PBwol. in\.. 5025 
RBerol. inv. 5026 
no. 2396 (P.Mimaut frgs. 
1-4) 
PBibl.Nat. Suppl. gr. no. 574 
I? Loud. 46 
PHolm.. p. 42 
l?Lond. 47 
PLond. 121 
PLond. 122 
PLond. 123 
P.Lond 124 
ELond. 125 vcrso 
PLond. 147 
PLond. 148 
P L u ~ d B a t . J 384 (V) 
PLugd.Bat.J 395 (W) 
PAlm. inv. 491 
no. 3378 
Pgr. 1 167 
I?JX 5 74 
BGU I11 955 
BGU I11 956 
PBwol. inv. 9909 
1?Bml. in\.. 11737 
l?Bwol. inv. 7504 + PAmh. 
ii, Col. I1 (A) + P.Oxy. inedit. 
(=Pack2 1872) 
PBerol. inv. 9566 verso 
BGU IV 1026 (inv. no. 
9873) 
PBwol. inv. 13895 
IV' - 
IV"? 
IIQIIII' 
IVP 
III'IV' 
III'IVP 
IVr or Vp 
IV' 
I" 
XXXV 
XXXVl 
XXXVII 
XXXVIII 
XXXU[ 
XL 
XLI 
XLII 
XLIII 
XLN 
XLV 
XLYI 
XLVII 
XLVIII 
XLIX 
L 
LI 
LII 
LIII-LVI 
LVII 
Oxford, ~odleian Libraq 
Ox+ord, Bodleian Library 
Oxford, Bodleian Library 
Oxford, Bodleian Library 
Freiburg i. Br., 
Univcrsitatsbibliothek 
Cairo, Muske des antiquirks 
eg'ptiennes 
Florence, Socicti ltaliana 
per la ricerca dc papiri 
Oxford, Bodleian Library 
Oxford, Bodlcian Library 
Oxford, Bodleian Library 
Oxford, Bodleian Library 
Oxford, Bodleian Library 
Oxford, Bodleian Library 
[omitted1 
POxy. 412 
POxy. 886 
EOxy. 887 
Z O q . 959 
I? Un.BiblFreib. (wiono.) 
PFlou. (wlono.) 
POxy. 1477 
EOxy. 1478 
POxy. 2061 
EOxy. 2062 
I? Oxy. 2063 
ROxy. 1383 
[omitted] 
London, University College ?Haw. 312 
Institute of Archaeology 
Berkeley, University of RTebt. I1 275 
California 
Ann Arbor, University of ?Fay 5 
Michigan Library 
Florence, UniversitB degli PSI I 2 9 
Studi, Istimto di Papirologia 
Oslo, Univetsitetsbibliotcket EOsl. I, 1 
Oslo, Univcrsitetsbiblioteket EOsf. I, 2 
Oslo, Univcrsitetsbiblioteket EOsl. I, 3 
Oslo, Universitetsbiblioteket EOsl. I, 4 
Vicnna, Nationalbibliothck Egr. 1 
Vienna, Nationalbibliothek Pgr. 339 = ?Rain. 4 
Vienna, Nationalbibliothek Egr. 331 = PRain. 8 
Vienna, Nationalbibliothek f y . 335 = ?.Rain. 9 
Vienna, Nationalbibliothek ?gr. 328 = ?Rain. 10 
Vienna, Nationalbibliothck ?gr. 334 = PRain. 11 
Vicnna, Nationalbibliothek P.gr 332 = ?Rain. 12 
Vienna, Nationalbibliothek inv. no. 8034 = PRain. 2 
[no. 526, Wessely] 
Vienna, Nationalbibliothek inv. no. 8031 = PRain. 6 
[no. 529, Wcssely] 
Vienna, Nationalbibliothek inv. no. 8035 = PRain. 7 
[no. 525, Wessely] 
Vienna, Nationalbibliothek inv. no. 8033 = ?Rain. 
[no. 527, Wessely] 
Leipzig, Univcrsitatsbibliothek P.gr 9.418 
Leipzig, Universititsbibliothek IJgr 9.429 
[omitted] 
Ann Arbor, University of cryptogr. pap. [orhenvise 
Michigan. uncataloged] 
Giessen, Universititsbibliothek inv. no. 266 = P. land. 87 
Cairo, Mu& des antiquit6 P.Cairo 10563 
kgptiennes 
Brussels, Fondation EST- P B m . in. E 6390,6391 
tologique Reine Elisabeth 
III'IIV!' 
IIIPIIT'P 
VP 
VI' 
VIP 
IiIP 
IV" 
IVP 
IVP 
IVP 
I\'@ 
VPIVIP 
VIP 
VP 
IIIP 
IIIP 
VIP 
Papyri in Preisendanz 
LXI London, British Muscum 
LXII Leiden, Institutum Papy- 
rologicum Universitatis 
Lugduno-Batavae 
LXIII Vienna, Nationalbibliothek 
LXIV Vienna, Nationalbibliothek 
LXV Vienna, Nationalbibliothek 
LXVI Cairo, Musee des antiquit6 
kgptiennes 
LXVII Cairo, Musee des antiquit6 
tgyptiennes 
LXVIII Cairo, Musee des andquitts 
C g y p U t ~ t ~ 
LXIX Ann Arbor, University of 
Michigan 
LXX Ann Arbor, University of 
Michigan 
LXXI Ann Arbor, University of 
Michigan 
LXXII Oslo, Universitetshiblioteket 
WUII-LXXVI [omitted] 
W N I I Birmingham, Woodbroke 
College 
LXXVIII Heidelberg, 
Universitatsbibliothek 
LXXM Prague, National and Univer- 
sity Library 
LXXX Prague, National and Univer- 
sity Library 
LXXXI London, Egypt Exploration 
Society 
l?Brit.Mw. inv. 10588 
(Egyptian Dept.) 
I? Warren 21 
%. 323 
l ? ~ r 29273 
Pa?. 29272 
l? Cairo 601 39 
l? Cairo 60140 
iw. no. 1463 = PMich. 111, 
156 
inv. no. 7 = l?Mich. 111, 154 
inv. no. 193 = EM&. 111, 
155 
inv. no. 75 = POsl. 111, 75 
xxv 
IIIP 
IIIP or IV' 
IIIP or IVP 
IV' 
List of New Papyri Not in Preisendanz 
Note: Bibliographical references are provided at the end of the translation of each 
spell. 
R$erence Locatwn Number Date 
LXXXlI Warsaw, Uniwersytct R Van. 4 IIIP 
Warszaxvski 
LXXXI l Princeton, Princeton Univer- R P k I1 107 
siw AM 8963 
LXXYlV Princeton, Princeton Univer- RPrinc 11 76 IIIP 
sity Garrett Dep. 7665 
W W N Birmingham, Selly Oak Col- P.Hanir 56 
leges Central Library 
LXXXVI Paris, L'Institnt dc Papyrologie RRein. I1 89 inv. 2176 N P 
de I'UnivcrsitE de Paris 
W W N I I Erlangcn, l 'Erlanp 37 N P 
Universitatsbibliothck 
LXXXVIII Princeton. Princeton Univer- PPrinc. III 15 HIP or IVP 
XCI 
XCII 
XCIV 
XCV 
XCVI 
XCVII 
XCVIII 
XCIX 
C 
inv. no. 32 
Universiti Cattolica del Sacra RMed. inv. no. 23 
Cuore 
Collection, G. A. Michallidis RMichml. 27 
Dublin, Chester Beatty Library RMmtonII 58 
London. Empt Exploration PAnt 11 65 . , 
Society 
London, Egypt Exploration RAnt. 11 66 
Society 
London. Egypt Exploration PAnt I11 140 . . 
Society 
Barcelona, Seminario di pa- P.PalauRib. inv. 126 
pirologia . . . San Cugat del 
Valles 
Koh, Instimt f i r P.Koln inv. 1886 
Altertumskunde 
Koh, Institut fur RKoln in,,. 1982 
Altertumskunde 
Koh, Instimt fir RKoln inv. 2283 
Altcrtumskunde 
Koln, Institut fur RKoln in\,. 2861 
AItcrtumskunde 
Kiiln, Instimt f i r l?I<oh inv. 3323 
Altertumskunde 
IIIP or IVP 
IIIP 
IIIPIIV~ 
IIIP 
m i i i 
CII 
CVI 
CVII 
CVIII 
CXI 
CXII 
CXIII 
C r n 
CXV 
CXVI 
CXVII 
CXVIII 
CXIX 
CXX 
CXXII 
CXXIIIa-f 
CXXIV 
CXXVa-f 
CXXVI 
PDM 
Supplement 
London, Egypt Exploration 
Sociery 
Athens, Archaeological Sociery 
Gcnoa, Univcrsiti di Genova 
Berlin, Sammlung des Agyp- 
tischen Museums 
Berlin, Sammlung dcs jigw- 
tischen Museums 
Koln, Institnt fiir 
Altemunskunde 
Koln, lnstitut fiir 
Mtertumskunde 
London, Egypt Exploration 
Society 
Washington, Washington 
University 
Washington, Washington 
University 
Washington, Washington 
University 
Amsterdam, Bibliotheek der 
Universiteit van Amsterdam 
Yale, Yale University Libracy 
Budapest, Collcnion of Erno 
GaiU 
Florence, Biblioteca Medicea 
Laurenziana 
Munich, Bayerischc 
Staatsbibliothck, 
Handschriftcnabtcilung 
Barcelona, Seminario di pa- 
pirologia . . . San Cugar del 
Valles 
Florence, ~ibliotcca Medicea 
Laurenziana 
Florence. Biblioteca Medicea 
1,aurenziana 
Milan, UniversitB Cattolica di 
Milano 
Berlin, Staatlichc Museen 
Pisa, UniversitB di Pisa 
Pisa, Universiti di Pisa 
Pisa, Universiti di Pisa 
Florence, Biblioteca Medicea 
Laurenziana 
Yale, Yale University Library 
Heidelberg, Univcrsitats- 
Papyrussammlung 
Berlin, Samml~~ng dcs 
tischen Muscums (?) 
Ann Arbor, Univcr~icy of 
Michigan 
Paris, MusEc du Louvre 
New Papyri Not in 
POxy. 2753 
PS.A. Athen. 70 
PUG 1 6 
PKaln inv. 55 14 
P O q 50.4 B23 J(1-3)b 
P Wah. Unzv. inv. 18 1 
P Warh. Unm. in". 139 
P Wah. Univ. inv. 242 
PAmst. inv. 16 
PTaleinv. 989 
P (Ma8.j Gad. ined. 
PLaur. inv. 54 
PMon.Gr. inv. 216 
PPalauRib. inv. 200 
P Laur. 111 57 (PL 11/52) 
PLaur III 58 (PL 1111442) 
PMed. inv. 71.58 
PBml. inv. 21243 
PCazzaniga, nos. 1-6 
FCazzaniga, no. 7 
PCazzantga, nos. 8-13 
PLaur. 1111472 
PY&inv. 1206 
PHeid.G. 1386 
PBwol. 21260 
PMich. inv. 6666 
PLouwe E3229 
Preismdanz 
IVP 
IIIP or IV' 
ca. A.D. 
300 
11" or IIIP 
VIP 
I" 
before Xp? 
IllP or IV' 
V' 
Note o n Editions 
For the editions of the Greek papyri as cited, see the bibliography in E. G. Turner, 
Geek Papyvi; a n Inhodution (Oxford: Oxford University Press, "980), pp. 154- 
77, with the following exceptions: 
PGM XC: A. Travcrsa, Ag$tzu 33 PGM W I I I : J. O'Callaghan, StPapy 17 
(1953) : 57-62 (1978) :85-87 
PGM XCVI: R. W. Daniel, ZPE 25 PGM CXIX-CXX: R. Pintaudi, Dai Papin 
(1977) : 150-53 dellu Biblwteca Mediceu Laurenziana 
PGM XCVII-CI: D. Wortmann, BuJ 168 (PLaur 111), Pa~yrluogica FImcntina 5 
(1968):85-111 (Firenze: Gomeiii, 1979), nos. 57-58 
PGM CV-CVI: W. Brashear, ZPE 17 PGM CXXI: G. Geraci, Agrphlr 33 
(1975) :25-33 (1979) : 63-72 
PGM CVII-CVIII: R. Daniel, ZPE 19 PGM CXXII: W. Brashear, ZPE 33 
(1975) : 249-64 (1979) : 261-78 
PGM CIX: P. Gorissen, ZPE 37 I'GM CXXIII-CXXV: F. Maltomini, Studi 
(1980) : 199-200 Clmici c Orientali 29 (1979) : 55-124 
PGM CX-CXII: Z. M. Padunan, BASP 13 PGM CXXVI: F. Maltornini, in R. Pin-(1976) : 175-80 taudi, cd., Dai Papin della Biblwteca 
PGMCXIII: P. J. Sijpestcijn, ZPE 22 MediceaLauvenziana ( P L a u . N), Pa- 
(1976) : 108 p~ulogicaF~entina 12 (Firenze: Gon- 
PGM CXIV- W : R. W Daniel, ZPE 25 nelli, 1983) :46-53 
(1977): 145-54 PGM CXXVII: G. M. Parissoglou, 
PGM W I : R. Pinraudi, ZPE 26 HeUenica 27 (1974) :251-53 
(1977) : 245-48 PGM CXXVIII-CXXIX: E'. Maltornini, 
PGMCXVII: 1'. Fabrini and E Maltornini, Studi Clmici e Orientali 31 
in A. Carlii, ed., Papin Lettuae (Xeci (1981): 111-117 
(P~sJ: Giardini, 1978), no. 34 PGM CXXX: R. W. Daniel, ZPE 50 
(1983) : 147-54 
For the Demotic magical papyri, see Janet H. Johnson's Lntroduction t o the De- 
motic Magical Papyri below, pp. 00-00. The editions are accordingly: 
PDM xii: J. H. Johnson, OiMRM 56 PDM hi: Bell, No&, and Thompson, M q - 
(1975) :29-64 ical T& 
PDM xiv: F. Ll. Griffitli and H. Thompson, PDMSupplernent: J. H . Johnson, Enchoria 7 
The DemoticMagicnl Papyx $London (1977) :55-102 
and Leiden, 3 vols. (London: Gravcl, 
19041 
Explanation of References 
and Textual Signs 
PGM I. References cited thus refer to translations of the corresponding 
262-347 Greek text of Preisendanz's Papyri Gvaecue Ma~icae, with each 
roman numeral (including those with appended letters, e.g., 
PGM Va) corresponding to a separate papyrus manuscript. Ro- 
man numerals after PGM LXXXI refer to texts whose transla- 
tions are based on editions published since, and sometimes 
overlooked by, Preisendanz. The bibliographies of thcsc cdi- 
tions are mentioned in the introductory note (*) to each spell. 
Arabic numerals usudy delineatc the compass of individual 
spells within the papyrus manuscript. Thc use of the scparate 
designations for each independent spell or charm represents a 
new feature designed to enable easy identification and ready 
reference to an individual spell. 
PDM xxi. 6-20 References listcd thus refer to Demotic (bilingual) spells corre- 
sponding to the texts whose editions are Listed in the introduc- 
tory notc (*) to each spell. PDM stands for Pa@ Demoticat! 
Mqicae, referring to this volume and not to be confused with 
DMP, an abbreviation for Griffith and Thompson, Dewtic 
Mgicd Papy', a work often referred to in the notes. Lower- 
case roman numerals are used simply to avoid confusion with 
spells labeled PGM. Arabic numerals are used as above. 
[PGM XI. PGM references bracketed thus come immediately after refcr- 
44-48 ] enccs for bilingual Greck sections with the givcn spell. The ref- 
erences correspond to the appropriate Grcek portions in Prei- 
sendanz, whose edition contained only the Greck sections of 
the GreekIDemotic spells. Since this translation volume con- 
tains all the Demotic spells, Preiscndanz's numbering system is 
retained, but it is subsumed under the new Demotic collation. 
Texts set in roman type represent spells and portions of spells 
whose original language was Greek. 
Texts set with leader dots beneath represent spells and portions 
of spells whose original language was Demotic (Egyptian). 
Texts with a thin underscore represent spells and portions of 
spells whose original language was Old Coptic. Coptic is found 
both in the Greek texts of Preisendanz's edition and as glosses 
in portions ofthe DemoticiGreek bilingual spells; however, thc 
purely Coptic magical spells form a separate corpus not dcalt 
with in this volume. 
Tr.: 
Vlct0Iy spell: 
Spell to be 
S p D h 
IAO SABA~TH 
ADONAI 
Refercnccs and Textual Signs 
An asterisk introduces an independent spell or a spell that con- 
tains most of the constituent parts necessary to effect the whole 
charm, though organic connections with adjacent spells can be 
recognized (e.g., spells entitled "Anothw . . . ," or the like). 
The asterisk directs the reader to the contributor, whose name 
is given at the end of the spell. Some introductory comments 
may be found here as well. Bibliographical data, if appropriate, 
may also be listed. 
This abbreviation stands for "translator" or "transcriber" (if 
the text contains no recognizable words that can be translated). 
Phrases set in roman boldface type refer to general titles of 
charms which usually stand at the beginning of the spell and 
which are often followed by one or more subtitles. Many spells 
do not possess a title, either because of a scribal omission or 
because it has been lost in a lacuna in the text. 
Phrases set in italic boldface type refer to various subtitles and a 
number of types of rubrics (subsumed under the main title) 
that function in a titular sense to introduce a component fea- 
ture of a spell. These may introduce ingredients, additional in- 
structions, invocations, figures, magical names and characters, 
and so on, which are mentioned in the instructions in the text. 
In a long, multifunctional spell (cf. PGM IV. 2145-2240 and 
PGM XIII. 1-343), general titles are subordinate to the larger 
title, which describes an often elaborate ritual. In description, 
these general titles are identical to the main titles of most spells 
but are set as subtitles since they usually depend on a prior set 
of conditions to guarantee their efficacy. 
Small capital letters indicate magical names (voces mqicae) 
which are usually untranslatable and often meaningless to the 
reader. In some instances, small capital letters preserve recog- 
nizable Greek, Egyptian, or Semitic words that merit special at- 
tention. Portions of texts whose fragmentary nature precludes 
the possibility of proper translation, but which may in fact have 
been readable in the original, are also set in small capitals. 
A diagonal slash indicates every fifth line of translated text, cor- 
responding to the number given in the left-hand margin. Usu- 
ally these are numbered consecutively until a new papyrus num- 
ber is introduced. 
A bracketed number alongside the regular number refers to the 
line number of the original edition (in a GreekIDemotic text). 
Occasionally at the beginning the column number and line arc 
also cited (e.g., [Col. III,5]. 
A numberin parentheses refers to the original line of Preisen- 
danz in a GreekIDcmotic spell. The number corresponds to the 
PGM reference given within the bracketed number at the head 
of the spell. 
Rcferenccs and Tcrtual Signs rxxiii 
. . . An ellipsis in the body of the text refers to a lost portion rc- 
gardless of the size of the lacuna. Some punctuation (e:g., a 
comma or a period) may also be added at the end of the ellipsis. 
[spell] Brackets cnclosina a \$,or& indicate that tlic words are not prc- 
served in the original tcxt. These include (1) suggested rcs- 
torations of lacuiiac; (2) editorial cspansions of thc tcst to 
elucidate the sense of the original language; and (3) phrases 
traditionally scr of by pointed brackets ( ), namely. nlodern 
corrections to scr;bal omissions or errors. Scholars interested 
in determining which use thc bracketed tcxt rcfcrs to are rcc- 
ominended to consult the texts of the original editions. As a 
general rule, bracketed texts will not divide a word, but rvill 
surround the whole word if its reading is fairly uncertain. 
(add the usual) Parentheses enclosing words simply indicate material in thc 
original texts best understood as parenthetical comments of the 
ancient authors and redactors. 
"Come to Quotation marks enclosing words indicate material that is 
me. . ." spoken (or intended to be spoken) or written (or intended to 
be written). Material not enclosed in quotation marks usuall)~ 
refers to parts of a formulary that contain instructions and di- 
rections apart from the matcrial to be written or spokcn. Such 
instructions are peculiar to the papyri that have prcscned mag- 
ical formularies, whereas the actual amulets and phylacteries 
found on papyrus usually contain simple invocations that have 
been transcribed as a result of following the instructions in 
such magical handbooks. 
Incantations originally writtcn in Greek meter are sct as verse,that is, they are indented en bloc, with the first letter of cach line 
capitalized. In cases where the meter falters within such a hym- 
nic portion, the original margin is restored to indicatc prose. 
In the magical formularies, this abbreviation stands for a name 
or names to be inserted by the rcadcr, the names of the persons 
against or for whom the magic is to be carried out. In the case 
of "(the) NN matter," the reader understands that spccilic re- 
quests are to be named at this point. 
[R.K.K.] At thc end of each foomote, the bracketed initials refer to the 
contributing scholar responsible for the matcrial immediately 
preceding. Notes that carry no initials represent the joint ef- 
forts of the contributors and scholars. 
Abbreviations of Periodicals, 
Series Titles, and 
General Reference Works 
AJA 
AKA 
APAW 
APAWPH 
ANET 
ANRW 
ARW 
BASP 
Bauer 
BCH 
BIFAO 
BoJ 
Bonnet, R&G 
BYZ 
CAH 
CE8 
&mi., Coptic 
E ~ o l o ~ i c d 
Dictionary 
C m , Coptic 
Dictwaary 
DMP 
EPRO 
Erman and 
Grapow, 
Worte&uch 
GGA 
GM 
HR 
HSCP 
NTR 
JAC 
JBL 
Amwican Journal ofiirchaeolo8y 
A~beitept zur. Ki~che~zg~schichle 
Abhandlungen dm (K.) preussischen Ahadentie dev 
Wissenschafm 
Philosophisch-historische Khse 
J. B. Pritchard, Ancient Near Eastern Texts Related to the Old 
Testament (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1969) 
AuJFtieg undNiedeygan8 dev romischen Welt 
Archiv f i r Religionmissemchaf 
Bulletin ofthe American Society of Papymlogists 
W. Bauer, W. F. Arndt, and F. Wilbur Gingrich, A Greek- 
English Lexicon ofthe New Testament and Other Early C h r i ~ 
tian Literature. 2d ed. (Chicago: University of Chicago 
Press, 1979) 
Bulletin de coruesponduuce hellinique 
Bulletin de l'lnstitut Fran~aG dXrchdolo8ie Orientale, Le Caire 
Bonner Jahrbiicher 
Hans Bonnet, Redlaikon der a~yptischen ReligMnsge~chichte 
(Berlin: de Gmyter, 1952) 
Byzantinische Zeitschnift 
Carnbrd~e Ancient History 
Chronique d&ypte 
J. Cerni., CopticEqmlogicdDictiona~y (Cambridge: Cam- 
bridge University, 1976) 
Clmicnl Re&&w 
W. E. Crum, A Coptic Dictwnary (Oxford: Clarendon, 1962) 
Demotic Mqicd Pa+ (sce Griffith and Thompson) 
Etudes piliminaires aux religions mientales dans l'empire rumin 
A. Erma11 and H. Grapour, W&-terbuch der ae@tischen Sprache 
im Anftyage der deutschen Akademien 5 vols. (Berlin: 
Akadcmie-lTerlag, 1971 repr.) 
Gottingischegelehee Anzeigen 
Gottinge?, Miszellen 
Hirtory ?f Religwns 
Harva7.d Studies in Clmsical Philology 
Harvnrd Theological Review 
Jahrbuch fur Antike und Chvistentum 
Journal of Biblical Litmture 
JEA 
JHS 
INES 
Pa 
KP 
Kropp, Kuptische 
Zaubertexte 
LCL 
LdA 
N.F. 
NHSt 
hT.S 
OMRM 
l? OX?. 
PDM 
PGM 
PRE 
PRE.S 
Preisendanz 
RAC 
RARG 
RhM 
Roscher 
R W 
SCHNT 
SO 
StPapy 
TAPA 
WSt 
ZAS 
ZPE 
I'criodicals, Scrics Tirlcs, Rcfcrcnce Works 
Journal ofE8,ytian Archaeology 
Journal ofHellenic Studies 
Journal ofNear Eastern Studies 
Journal ofthe Warburg and Courtauld Institzrte 
Der bleine Pauly 
A. M . Kropp, Ansgewahlte Koptische Zaubertmte 3 vols. 
(Brussels: Fondation Rcine Elisaheth, 1930-31) 
Loeb Classical Libra9 
Ledon d e ~ ~ ~ ~ t o l o g i e , cd. by W. Hclck and E. Otto 
(Wiesbadcn: Harrasso\vin, 1975- ) 
Liddcl-Scott-Jones, A Geek-English Leuikon (Oxford: Claren- 
don, 1968) 
Neue Fohe 
N ~ J Hamnzadi Studies 
No%m Testamentzmz, Supplments 
Oudheidkundke medehlin~en uit het nijbcmwenm van oudheden . . 
te Leiden 
Olphzum*m Fragments, ed. 0. Kern (Dublin and Ziirich: 
Weidmaml, 1972) 
PapPyrcrs Oxyyhpchus 
Pap,w'Demoticae Magicae (as citcd in this volumc only) 
Pap,w. Graecae Magicae. Die Griechirchen Zanberpapyi, 2 vols., 
cd. K. Preisendanz, st al. (Stuttgart: Teubner, 21973-74) 
Pauly-Wissowa, Real-Encyclopadie dm dmsicchea 
Altertumnvissenschaften 
Pauly-Wissowa, Real-Encyclopidie dm classischen Alter- 
tnmnuissenschaften, Supplements 
See PGM; on Preiscndanz, vol. 111, see the Introduction be- 
low, n. 37 
Reallexikon fir Antike nnd C M e n t u m 
See ~onne i , R k G 
Rheinisches Museum f i r Philologie 
W. H. Roschcr, Aq%uhrliches Lexicon dmgviechicchen und 
ramischen Mythologie 
Religionges~hichtliche Venuche und TGrarbeiten 
Studia ad Colpw Helhnisticum Novi Testamenti 
Symbolae Osloenses 
Studia papyrologica 
Tra$zsactions and Proceedings ofthe A h a n Philological 
Associatwn 
Theological Dictionafy ofthe N m Testament 
Texte nnd Untersnchungen znr Geschichte a'er altch&lichen 
Literatur 
Wiener Studien 
Zeitschrzftfi~ agjptirche Sprache und Altmumrbund 
Zeitsclmftfi~ I'apyrologie und Ep&vaphik 
Abbreviations of Major Titles 
Used in This Volume 
Ancicnt authors are cited with name and title, the latter following the customary 
abbreviations. In cases of doubt, see LSJ, pp. xvi-mii i : "Authors and Works." 
Abt, Apologie 
Audollcnt, Defwcionum Tabellae 
Bell, Nock, and Thompson, 
Mqical Texts 
Bergman, Ich bin Isis 
Berthelot and Ruelle, Collection 
des anciens alchimzjtesgvecr 
Blau, Dm altjiidirche Zaubenvesen 
Betz, 'The Delphic Maxim" 
Be=, "Fragments" 
Bctz. Lukian 
Bleeker, Hathor and Thoth 
Bonuer, SMA 
Borghouts, Ancient Eayptian 
Magical Texts 
Boussct, Hanptprnblena 
A. Abt, Die Apologie desiipuleius van 
Madaura und die antike Zaubwei. Bcitrigc 
zur Erlautemng der Schrift de w i a 
(Giessen: Topelmann, 1908) 
A. Audollent, D&imzum Tabellae qwtquot 
innotnm~nt. . . (Paris: Fontemoing, 1904) 
H. I. Bell, A. D. Nock, and Herbert 
Thompson, Magical Textsflam a Bilingual 
Papps in the Bn'tish Mnxeum (Oxford: 
Oxford University Press, 1933) 
J. Bergman, Ich bin Isis. Stndien zum 
memphitischen Hinterpnd dergriechirchen 
Isisaretolagien, Ada Univemitatzj Upsaliensis 3 
(Uppsala: Almqvist and Wiksell, 1968) 
M. Berthelot and C:E. Ruelle, Collection des 
anciens dchimistes~sgrecl- (Paris: Steinheil, 
1888) 
L. Blau, Das altjiidische Zaubmesen 
(Strassburg: T ~ b n e r , 1898) 
H. D. Betz, 'Thc Delphic Maxim 'Know 
Yourself' in the Greek Magical Papyri," H R 
21 (1981): 156-71 
H. D. Betz, "Fragments from a Catabasis 
Ritual in a Greek Magical Papyrus," H R 1 9 
(1980) : 287-95 
H. D. Betz, Lukian van Samnsata nnd das 
Neue Testament, TU 76 (Berlin: Akadcmie- 
Verlag, 1961) 
C. J. Blecker, Hathor and Thoth (Leiden: 
Brill, 1973) 
C. Bonner, Studies in Maoical Amulets ChiefEy 
Graeco-Egyptian (Aun Arbor: University of 
Michigan Press, 1950) 
J. F. Borghouts, AncientEByptian Magical 
Tats, Nzjaba 9 (Leidcn: Brill, 1978) 
W. Bousset, Hauptprobleme dm Gnosis (Get- 
tingcn: V'andenhoeck and Ruprecht, 1907) 
Major Titles Uscd in This Volu~nc 
Bousset, Rel&ims~eschichtliche 
Studien 
Budge, Amulets and Talismans 
Burkert, GriechischeRel&ion 
Cook Zew 
Darby, Food: The Gzft ofOsiric 
Deissmann, Lightfiom the 
Ancient E m 
Delatte, Anecdota Atheniensia 
Delatte and Derchain, Les intailles 
Dicterich, Abrmas 
Dicterich, Mithraslitu~ie 
Dornseiff, Das Alphabet 
Faulkncr, Coffin Texts 
Gager, Moses in Gem-Roman 
Pa~anirm 
Gardiner, Onomastics 
Ginzbcrg, The Legcnds ufthelaur 
Griffith and Thompson, The 
W. Bousset, Rel&zons~eschichtliche Studien. 
Aufjatze zur Religionsgeschichte des hellen- 
irtischenZeitalters, ed. A. F. Vcrhcule, NT.S 
50 (Leidcn: Brill, 1979) 
E. A. Wallis Budge, Amulets and Talismam 
(Ncw York: Dover, 1978) 
W. Burkcrt, G+ecl?ische Rel&ion der archa- 
zjchen nnd dlmsissiren Epoche, Die Religonen 
der Menschheit 15 (Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 
1977) 
A. B. Cook, Zeus: A Study in Ancient Reli- 
gion, 3 vols. (Cambridge: Cambridge Uni- 
versity Press, 1914-40) 
W. T. Darby ct al., Food: The Gzft ofOsiric, 
2 vols. (London, New York, and San Fran- 
cisco: Acadcrnic Press, 1977) 
A. Deissmann, Lightfiom the Ancient East 
(Grand Rapids: Baker, 1978, repr.) 
A. Delatte, Anecdota Atheniensia, vol. I 
(Paris: Champion, 1927) 
A. Delatte and Ph. Derchain, Les intailles 
mgiyuesgrico-grptiennes de la Bibliothiyue 
Nationale (Paris: Bibliothkquc Nationale, 
1964) 
A. Dietcrich, Abraxas. Studien zur Reli- 
~ionrgechichte der spitem Alterturn (Leipzig: 
Tcubner, 1891)A. Dietcrich, Eirie Mithrasliturgie 
(Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche 
Buchgesellschaft, 31966) 
F. Dornseiff, Das Alphabet in Mystk und 
M ~ i e (Leipzig: Teubncr, 21925) 
R. 0. Faulkner, The Ancient E~yptian Cofin 
Teas, 3 vols. (Warminster, England: Aris 
and Phillips, 1973-78) 
A. J. Festugik, La rivilation d'Herm2s Tric- 
mi@%, 4 vols. (Paris: SociM d'6dition "Les 
belles lcttres," 31981) 
J. G. Gager, Moses in Greco-Roman Paganism, 
Socieiy $Biblical Lizerature Mongraph Series 
15 (Nashville and New York: Abingdon, 
1972) 
A. H. Gardincr, Ancient E~@tian Onomm- 
tica, 2 vols. (Oxford: Oxford University 
Press, 1947) 
L. Ginzberg, The Legends of the Jews, 7 vols. 
(I'hiladclphia: The Jewish Publication So- 
clety of k c r i c a , 1909-38) 
F. LI. Griffith and H. Thompson, cds., The 
Major Titles Uscd in This Volume 
Leyden Papynis 
Griffiths, Plntarch'sDe Iside et 
Oslvide 
Griffiths, The Isis-Book 
Gundel, AstYoologumena 
Gundel, Debane nnd 
Delzansternbilder 
Harris, Minerals 
Hopfncr, OZ 
Hornung, Dm Amdua 
Johnson, "Dialcct" 
Johnson, Verbal System 
Klauck, Hwrenmahl 
Lichtheim, Ancient Egyptian 
Literature 
Mormz, Egyptian Rel&wn 
Nilsson, GGR 
Nock Essqs 
xxxix 
Leydzn Papy-us: A n Emtian Magical Book 
(New York: Dover, 1974; repr. of 1904 ed.) 
J. G. Griffiths, Plutarch's De Iside et Osiride 
(Cambridge: University of Wales Press, 
1970) 
J. G. Griffiths, Apuleiu ofMahuros: The Isis- 
Boob (Metamlphoses, BookXIJ, EPRO 39 
(Leidcn: Brill, 1975) 
W Gundel and H. G. Gundcl, AstYolo- 
pmena. Die amologiche Lite~atnr in der 
Antike und ihre Geschichte, Sudhofi Archiv 6 
(Wicsbaden: Steiner, 1966) 
W. Gundel, Debane und Dekansternbilder 
(Darmstadt: Wissenschafiliche Buch- 
gcsellschaft, "969) 
J. R. Harris, Lexicographical Studies in Ancient 
Egyptian Minerals, Deutsche Abademie der 
Wissenschafen zu Berlin. Institutfir Orient- 
forschung, 54 (Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 
1961) 
T. Hopfner, Griechisch-Wtischer Offm- 
barun@zaubw, 2 vols., Studien zur Palaeo- 
graphie und Pappsknnde, 21,23 (Lcipzig: 
Haessel, 1921, 1924) 
E. Hornung, Dm Anzdnat o h die Schzfi des 
verbopenen Raumes, 3 vols., Agyptologische 
Abhandlnnp 7; 13 (Wiesbaden: Har- 
rassowiu, 1963-67) 
J. H. Johnson, "The Dialect of thc Demotic 
Magical Papyrus of London and Lcidcn," in 
Studies in Honor ofGeorge R . Hu&es, January 
12,1977, ed. by J. H. Johnson and E. F. 
Wente (Chicago: Thc Oriental Institute, 
1977), pp. 110-25 
J. H. Johnson, TheDemotic Vwbal System, 
Studies in Oriental Civilization 38 (Chicago: 
The Oriental Institute, 1976) 
H.-J. Klauck, Hwrennzahl und hellenistischw 
I(2*lt. Eine rel&iougeschichtliche Untenuchung 
zum m e n Kwintherbriej NTA, N.F. 15 
(Miinster: Aschcndorff, 1982) 
M. Lichtheim, Ancient Eayptian Literature, 3 
vols. (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University 
of California Press, 1973-80) 
S. Morcnz, Egyptian Rel&ion (London: 
Mcthuen, 1973) 
M. P. Nilsson, Geschichte derg~iechischen Reli- 
gion, 2 vols. (Miuichcn: Beck, 31967, '1961) 
A. D. Nock, Essays on Rel&ion and the An- 
Major Titlcs Uscd in This V<~lurnc 
Nock and Fesmgitre, Herm2s 
Trlmz&ite 
Preisigke, Namenbuch 
Ranke, Agrptisrhe Penonennamen 
Robinson, The Nag Haminudi 
Libra? in En@& 
Smith, Jesus the Mgician 
cknt Wovld, 2 vols. (Cambridge, Mass.: Har- 
vard University l'rcss, 1972) 
A. D. Nock and A.-J. Fesmgitre, Hermis 
Trism&iste. Corpw Hermeticum, 4 vols. 
(Paris: Les belles lettres, 1946-54) 
K. Prcisigke, Namenbuch (Heidelberg: 
Selbstverlag des Herausgebers, 1922) 
H. Ranke, Die imtisrhen Penonennamen, 2 
vols. (Hamburg: Selbsn~crlag des Verfassers, 
1932-52) 
R. Reinenstein, Poimandres. Studien znr 
griechisch-agyptirchen und@ch&lichen Lite- 
vatur (Leipzig: Teubner, 1904) 
J. M. Robinson, ed., TheNag HammadiLi- 
bvary in English (Leiden: Brill, 1977) 
M. Smith, Jesus the M e a n (San Francisco: 
Harper and Row, 1978) 
Introduction to the 
Greek Magical Papyri 
Hans Diete~ Betz 
"The Greek magical papyri" is a name given by scholars to a body of papyri from 
Grcco-Roman Egypt containing a variety of magical spells and formulae, hymns 
and rituals. The extant texts are mainly from the second century R.C. to the fifth 
cenrury A.D. TO be sure, this body of material represents only a small numbcr of all 
the magical spells that once existed.' Beyond these papyri we possess many other 
kinds of material: artifacts, symbols and inscriptions on gemstones, on ostraka and 
clay bowls, and on tablets of gold, silver, lead, tin and so forth." 
I 
The history of the discovery of the Greek magical papyri is a fascinating subject." 
We know from literary sources that a large number ofmagical books in which spells 
were collected existed in antiquity. Most of them, however, have disappeared as the 
result of systematic suppression and destruction. The episode about the burning of 
the magical books in Ephesus in the Acts of the Apostles (Acts 19: 10) is well 
known and typical of many such instances. According to Suetoniu~,~ Augustus or- 
dered 2,000 magical scrolls to be burned in the year 13 B.C. Indeed, the first ccn- 
turics of the Christian era saw many bumings of books, often of magical books, 
and not a few burnings that included the magicians themselves. 
As a result of these acts of suppression, the magicians and their literature went 
underground. The papyri themselves testify to this by the constantly recurring ad- 
monition to keep the books secret.' Yet the systematic destruction of the magical 
literature over a long period of time resulted in the disappearance of most of the 
original texts by the end of antiquity. To us in the nventieth century, terms such as 
"underground literature" and "suppressed literature" are well known as descriptions 
of contemporary phenomena. We also know that such literature is extremely impor- 
tant for the understanding of what people are really thinking and doing in a par- 
ticular time, geographical area, or cultural context. Magical beliefs and practices 
can hardly be overestimated in their importance for the daily life of the people. The 
religious beliefs and practices of most people wcrc identical with some form of 
magic, and the neat distinctions we make today between approved and disapproved 
forms of religion-calling the former "religion" and "church" and the latter "magic" 
and "cult"-did not exist in antiquity except among a few intellectuals." 
Thus the suppression of this magical literature has deprived us of one of our most 
important sources of ancient religious life. Modem views of Greek and Roman reli- 
gions have long suffered from certain deformities because they were unconsciously 
shaped by the only remaining sources: the literature of the culmral elite, and the 
archeological remains of the official cults of the states and cities. 
But not everything was lost.' At the end of antiquity, some philosophers and 
theologians, astrologers and alchemists collected magical books and spells that wcrc 
still available. Literary writcrs included some of the material in their works, if only 
slii Intrtlduction n, rhc Grcck 1Magical l'.~pyri 
to make fun of it. It is known that philosophers of the Neopythagorcan and Nco- 
platonic schools, as well as Gnostic and Hermetic groups, used magical books and 
hence must havc possessed copies. But most ofthcir matcrial vanished and what 
have left arc their quotations. 
The Grcek magical papyri arc, howcvcr, original documents and priman sources. 
Their discovery is as important for Grcco-Roman religions as is the discovery of the 
Qumran tests for Judaism or the Nag Hanunadi library for Gnosti~ism.~ 
Like these manuscript discoveries, the disco\.cn of the Greek magical papyri \\,as 
and oftcn still is the outcome of sheer luck and almost incredible coincidences. In 
the case of the major portion ofthc collection, the so-called Anastasi collection. thc 
discovery and rescue is owcd to the efforts (and, if one may use the term, coopcra- 
tion) of nvo individuals separated by morc than a thousandyears: the modern col- 
lector d'hastasi and the original collector at Thcbcs. 
In the nineteenth century, there was among the "diplomatic" reprcsentativcs at 
the court in Alexandria a man who called himself Jean d'hastasi (17801-1857). 
Believed to be Armenian by birth, lie ingratiated himself enough with the pasha to 
become the consular representative of Swede~i.~ It was a time when diplomats and 
military men oftcn were passionate collectors of antiquities, and M. d'Anastasi hap- 
pened to be at the right place at tlie right time. He succeeded in bringing together 
large collections of papyri from Egypt, among them sizable magical books, some of 
which he said he had obtained in Thebes.'" These collections he shipped to Europe, 
where they were auctioned oEand bought by various libraries: the British Museum 
in London, the Bibliothtque Nationale and the Louvre in Paris, tlie Staatlichc Mu- 
seen in Berlin, and the Rijksmuscum in Leiden. Another papyrus was acquired 
by Jean Fransois Mimaut ( 1 7 7 4 1837), also a diplomat, whose acquisition ended 
up in the Biblioth2que Nationale (PGM III)." Unfortunately, we know almost 
nothing about the circumstances of the actual findings. But it is highly likely that 
many i f the papyri from the Anastasi collection came from the same place, perhaps 
a tomb or a temple library.'"f this ass~~mption is correct, about half a dozen of the 
best-preserved A d largest extant papyri may havc come from the collection of one 
man in Thebes. He is of course unknown to us, but we may supposc that he col- 
lected the magical matcrial for his own use. Perhaps he was morc than a magician. 
We may attribute his almost systematic collcctions of q i c a to a man who was also 
a scholar,'~robably philosophically inclined, as well as a bibliophile and archivist 
concerned about the preservation of this material.I4 
Although the person who collected the Anastasi papyri remains unknown, com- 
parable figures are known from later Egyptian literature. In the Demotic Papyrus 
no. 30646 in the Cairo Museum, there appears Prince Khamwas, the fourth son of 
King Ramses I1 and high priest of Ptah in Memphis. This legendary figure belongs 
to the Stories ofthe High Priests ofMemphis, published by Francis Llewelyn Griffith,'" 
stories that in many ways can serve as illustrative companions to the Grcek magical 
papyri. Miriam Lichthcim has given this summary portrait in the third volume of 
her Ancieut E~yptian Literature: 
Prince Khamwas, son of King Ramses I1 and high priest of Ptah at 
Memphis, was a very learned scribe and magician who spent his time in 
the study of ancient monuments and books. One day he was told of the 
existence of a book of magic written by the god Thoth himself and kept 
in the tomb of a prince named Naneferkaptah (Na-nefer-ka-ptah), who 
lived in the distant past and was buried somewhere in the vast nec- 
ropolis of Memphis. After a long search, Prince Khamwas, accom- 
Intrt~duction to the Grcek h.iagic.ll Papyri xliii 
panied by his foster brother I~iaros, found the tomb of Nancferkaptah 
and entered it. He saw the magic book, which radiated a strong light, 
and tried to scizc it. But the spirits of Naneferkaptah and of his wife 
Ahwcrc rose up to defend their cherished possession. . . .'" 
The collection of the Anastasi papyri, if it was brought together by one pcr- 
son, may have been buried with him, either in his tomb or in the rithblc of col- 
lapsed buildings. At any rate, whcn d'hastasi came to Thebes and the papyri were 
offered to him, he sensed their value and acquired them, thus saving them from 
destruction. 
It took almost another centur): however, before scholars learned to appreciate 
the value of the papyri and started investigating them. It is noteworthy that the 
auction catalog of d'hastasi's collection calls the material simply "fromagc mys- 
tique."" Until the middle of the nineteenth centur): the papyri were stored in the 
museums simply as curiosities. 
Scholarly investigations began when the great Dutch scholar Caspar Jacob Chris- 
tiaan Reuvcns (1793-1835) dcscribcd some of the content of the Lciden papyrus 
J 395 (PGM XIII) in his Lemes a M. Letronne published in 1830.'This work was 
reviewed almost immediately by the German historian of religion Karl Otfricd 
Miiller (1797-1840), who also translated Reuvens's excerpts into German.'' But 
Reuvens died before his edition of the Leiden papyri could appear. It was forty 
years before another Dutch scholar, the Egyptologist Conrad Lccmans (1809-93), 
published the edition (PGM XII, XIII)'o together with a Latin translation (1885)."' 
The first publication, however, is due to the efforts of the British scholar Charles 
Wycliffe Goodwin (1817-78), who published one of the papyri (PGM V) to- 
gether with an English translation and commentarj for the Cambridge Antiquarian 
Society in 1853.22 Then the German philologist Gustav Parthey (1798-1872) 
edited the two papyri from Berlin in 1865 (PGM I, II).23 A very important new 
phase began when the Viennese papyrologist Carl Wessely (1860-1931) published 
in 1888 a transcription of the great magical papyrus of Paris (PGM IV), the Lon- 
don papyrus (PGM V), and the Mimaut papyrus (PGM III),I4 followed in 1889 by 
 correction^.'^ In 1893 both Wessely" and Frederick George Kenyon (1863- 
1952)>' independently edited and published the magical papyri of London (PGM 
VII-X). The last major papyrus was published in 1925 by the Norwegian scholar 
Samson Eiuem (1872-1966),"" who had acquired in Egypt a valuable magical 
scroll with many drawings (PGM XXXVI). 
With these important publications, the major pieces of the Greek magical papyri 
known to this period had become available. It seems to have been a suggestion first 
made by the great scholar of Greek religion, Albrecht Dieterich (1866-1908), that 
a l l the available papyri should be published in a handy study edition. But this idea 
developed only gradually after Dieterich began teaching a seminar on the subject of 
the magical papyri at the Uni\,crsity of Heidelberg in 1905.'' 
Today it is astonishing to learn that teaching such a seminar at that time was quite 
a daring enterprise. Magic was so utterly despised by historians and philologists 
that the announcement of the seminar did not mention the word "magic" but was 
simply phrased as "Selected Pieces from the Greek Papyri."3o 
How far the dislike of the magical papyri could go is illustrated by a remark made 
by Ulrich von Wilamow~itz-Moellendorff: "I once heard a well-known scholar com- 
plain that these papyri were found because they deprived antiquity of the noble 
splendor of cla~sicism."~' 
Dieterich? however, was at the edge of a wave of interest generated by the new 
xiiv Introduction to thc Grcck Magical Papyri 
discipline of history of religions. His seminar therefore had a surprising attraction 
for students, some of whom wrote their dissertations on related subjects and be- 
came contriburors to the study edition. The plan for such a study edition was scri- 
ously threatened by Dieterich's sudden death on 6 May 1908, b ~ ~ t the ~vork was 
taken over by Dieterich's students, foremost of whom was Richard Wiinsch, chief 
editor. Adam Abt, Ludwig Fahz, Adolf Erman, Georg Moller, and other conrribu- 
tors33 stepped in to carry on the work. 
When the body of the material of PGM I-IV was almost read\: World War I 
brokc out and interrupted the work. Wiinsch, Abt, and Mollcr wcrc killed in the 
war. Despite these terrible losses and the desperate economic situation follo~ving 
the war, the publisher, B. G. Teubner of Leipzig, did not give up the project, but 
decided to start over. The edition was entrusted to Karl Preisendanz (1883-1968), 
another of Dieterich's former students." Scholars at that time faced difficulties 
scarcely conceivable to us today, yet they persisted. In addition, a remarkable degree 
of international cooperation existed among the scholar^.^' Sam Eitrem from Oslo 
and Adolf Jacoby