CBMERJ - Inglês - Módulo 11

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INGLÊS MÓDULO 11 CBMERJ 
 
 
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Todas os exercícios da apostila que tiverem essa câmera , estão 
gravados em vídeo para você. Nossos professores resolveram as 
questões, comentando cada detalhe para te ajudar na hora de estudar. 
Muitas questões trazem dicas preciosas. Não deixe de assistir aos 
vídeos dentro da plataforma on-line do Perspectiva e bons estudos! 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
False Cognates 
 
Quando comparando duas palavras de idiomas diferentes estas palavras podem ser cognatas, quando o significado, ortografia e pronúncia são iguais 
ou se assemelham por terem a mesma raiz, não cognatas, quando não possuem a mesma raiz e têm grafia, pronúncia e/ou significados diferentes, e 
FALSAS COGNATAS, tema do nosso módulo e palavras que se assemelham em grafia e/ou pronúncia mas não possuem semelhança no sentido em 
cada idioma. 
 
Exemplos de palavras cognatas: 
accident acidente 
comic cômico 
creation criação 
different diferente 
economy economia 
example exemplo 
future futuro 
garage garagem 
important importante 
minute minuto 
offensive ofensivo 
positive positivo 
television televisão 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INGLÊS MÓDULO 11 CBMERJ 
 
 
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Infelizmente não há uma regra de formação ou quicá algum bizu que indique previamente ou englobe todas ou a maior parte das palavras falsas 
cognatas entre inglês e português, portanto apenas nos resta memorizar/conhecer o máximo de palavras falsa cognatas. 
 
Aqui temos uma lista com os Falsos Cognatos mais comuns entre português e inglês 
 
Inglês Significado em Português Português Significado em Inglês 
actually na verdade atualmente nowadays 
adept especialista adepto fan 
anthem hino antena antenna 
alias pseudônimo; apelido aliás indeed; in fact 
to amass acumular amassar dent; knead (massa) 
appointment compromisso com hora 
marcada 
apontamento note 
apology pedido de desculpas apologia eulogy 
argument discussão argumento reasoning 
to assist ajudar assistir (reunião) to attend, (TV, cinema) to 
watch 
to attend assistir, participar atender to answer 
audience plateia audiência court appearance 
balcony sacada balcão counter 
braces aparelho (dentes) braços arms 
cigar charuto cigarro cigarette 
collar colarinho, coleira, gola colar necklace (adereço) 
college faculdade colégio school 
comprehensive abrangente compreensivo understanding 
confident confiante confidente confidant 
convict condenado convicto convinced 
costume fantasia costume habit 
INGLÊS MÓDULO 11 CBMERJ 
 
 
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data dados data date 
deception ato de enganar; fraude decepção disappointment 
to dent amassar dente tooth 
to devolve transferir; delegar devolver to return; to give back 
diversion desvio diversão fun 
to enroll alistar, inscrever enrolar to roll 
eventually finalmente; por fim eventualmente possibly 
exit saída êxito success 
exiting empolgante excitante (contexto 
sexual) 
sexy 
exquisite sofisticado esquisito strange 
fabric tecido fábrica factory 
to grip agarrar firmemente gripe flu 
idiom expressão idiomática idioma language 
ingenuity criatividade ingenuidade naivety 
inhabitable habitável inabitável uninhabitable 
injury ferimento injúria insult 
to intend pretender entender to understand 
jar pote jarra jug 
journal revista de especialidade jornal newspaper (papel) 
lace renda laço ribbon 
lecture palestra leitura reading 
legend lenda legenda subtitles 
library biblioteca livraria bookstore 
location localização locação lease 
INGLÊS MÓDULO 11 CBMERJ 
 
 
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lunch almoço lanche snack 
magazine revista magazine department store 
mayor prefeito maior bigger 
motel hotel de beira de estrada motel love motel 
to notice notar notícia news 
novel romance (literário) novela (TV) soap opera 
office escritório oficial official 
parents pais (pai e mãe) parentes relatives 
pasta massa (macarrão, lasanha) pasta folder 
physician médico físico physicist 
policy política; diretriz polícia police 
prejudice preconceito prejuízo damage, loss 
preservative conservante (alimento) preservativo condom 
to pull puxar pular to jump 
to push empurrar puxar to pull 
realize notar, reparar, perceber realizar to carry out, to put into practice 
requirement requisito requerimento request; application 
resume retomar resumo summary 
retired aposentado retirado removed 
retribution punição; retaliação retribuição remuneration (salário); reward (prêmio) 
scholar intelectual; erudito escolar school (adjetivo) 
sensible sensato sensível sensitive 
silicon silício silicone silicone 
 
 
 
INGLÊS MÓDULO 11 CBMERJ 
 
 
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Exercícios: 
 
01. The word particular in the sentence Much to the surprise of everyone, 
the remarkable conclusion of the research showed that people of a 
certain group actually were born under a PARTICULAR planet, means the 
same as: 
a) private. 
b) specific. 
c) ordinary. 
d) personal. 
e) general. 
 
02) Assinale a alternativa que corresponde à tradução mais adequada da 
frase nominal, entre aspas, a seguir: 
Future generations may regard the scientific indictment of smoking as 'a 
major contribution' to preventive medicine and the health of the western 
world. 
a) uma contribuição importante 
b) uma contribuição do major 
c) a maior contribuição 
d) uma contribuição para o major 
e) a importante contribuição 
 
03)The meaning of EXQUISITELY in the sentence “Their children were 
exquisitely dressed” is: 
a) strangely or unexpected. 
b) extremely beautiful in appearance. 
c) oddly with an unusual appearance. 
d) peculiarly with a special or unique quality. 
e) very unattractive and unpleasant to look at. 
 
04) The meaning of CONSISTENT in the sentence Mr. Brown's behavior is 
not consistent with his ideas is: 
a) coherent. 
b) contradictory. 
c) right. 
d) persuasive. 
e) strong. 
 
05) A opção que contém um falso cognato é: 
a) enthusiasts. 
b) processes. 
c) outdoors. 
d) spades. 
e) parts. 
 
06) Dadas as sentenças: 
1. The boys __________ the game yesterday night. 
2. He gave a __________ of diamond to his mother. 
3. I didn’t like the film, it was __________. 
4. They __________ finished the test. 
 
– Marque a alternativa que completa corretamente os espaços em 
branco: 
a) assisted / collar / terrific / eventually 
b) assisted / necklace / terrific / eventually 
c) watched / necklace / terrible / finally 
d) watched / collar / terrific / finally 
e) watched / necklace / terrific / eventually 
 
07) Dadas as afirmações de que: 
1. INGENIOUS significa HÁBIL, ENGENHOSO. 
2. TO RESUME significa RETOMAR. 
3. SYLLABUS pode significar SÍLABA. 
– Constatamos que está(estão) correta(s): 
a) Apenas a afirmação no 1. 
b) Apenas a afirmação no 2. 
c) Apenas a afirmação no 3. 
d) Apenas as afirmações nos 1 e 2. 
e) Todas as afirmações. 
 
08) Dadas as afirmações de que em português: 
1. SCHOLAR significa LETRADO. 
2. SENSIBLE significa SENSATO. 
3. FABRIC significa TECIDO. 
– Constatamos que está(estão) correta(s) : 
a) Apenas a afirmação no 1. 
b) Apenas a afirmação no 2. 
c) Apenas a afirmação no 3. 
d) Apenas as afirmações nos 1 e 2. 
e) Todas as afirmações. 
 
09) A alternativa que corretamente traduz (mantendo a ordem das 
palavras: Ele puxou ou empurrou a porta quando chegou lá?, é: 
a) Did he push or pull the door when he got there? 
b) Did he pushed or pulled the door when he arrived there? 
c) Did he pull or push the door when he got there? 
d) Pushed or pulled he the door when he gots there? 
e) Pushed or pulled him the door when he arrived there? 
 
10) In “They pretended to be dead”, TO PRETEND means: 
a) entender 
b) pretender 
c) fingir 
d) tender 
e) fazer 
 
11) In “They suffered from the injuries sustained in the crash”, INJURIES 
means: 
a) ofensas 
b) ferimentos 
c) injúrias 
d) calúnias 
e) fraturas 
 
12) A synonym for the word ACTUALLY as in “This is actually the decaying 
of the tooth” is: 
a) now 
b) today 
c) really 
d) normally 
e) theoretically 
 
13)What does the word ESTATE mean? 
a) estadob) estatal 
c) propriedade 
d) fortuna 
e) riqueza 
 
14) Which of these words is not a False Cognate? 
a) apologize 
b) response 
c) support 
d) largest 
e) resume 
 
15) Fill in the gaps suitably: 
I will __________ the __________ with his new security 
__________. 
a) assist – mayor – policy 
b) attend – major – police 
c) support – official – politics 
d) assist – mayor – politics 
e) attend – major – policy 
 
INGLÊS MÓDULO 11 CBMERJ 
 
 
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16) The verb TO ATTEND is used in “The first semester I attended college, 
I became friends with one of the American students in my class”. 
– Check the ONLY alternative in which the same verb can be used. 
a) The receptionist's job was to __________ the phone. 
b) The doctor carefully __________ the patient. 
c) The professor __________ a convention to present his work. 
d) He __________ the radio to listen to the news. 
e) The interviewer __________ questions from the public. 
 
17. Em inglês, há algumas palavras que, ao serem pluralizadas, podem 
mudar o sentido, tornando-se falsas cognatas. Como exemplo, o 
vocábulo spirit: “espírito”, no singular, e “disposição”, no plural. Qual das 
opções abaixo segue o mesmo padrão? 
a) Minute. 
b) Human. 
c) State. 
d) Fruit. 
e) Diplomat. 
 
18.Complete as lacunas das sentenças a seguir correta e coerentemente: 
I. Many __________ were killed during the battle. 
II. It's a typical country __________ with a large house for the owner, farm 
buildings and workers' houses. 
III. The secret to public speaking is to get the __________ on your side. 
IV. Over two hundred people __________ the funeral. 
V. Some of his colleagues envy the enormous wealth that he has 
__________. 
a) privates – state – listeners – answered – spread 
b) privates – estate – audience – attended – amassed 
c) privates – estate – audience – attended – spread 
d) corporals – estate – listeners – answered – amassed 
e) corporals – state – audience – attended – amassed 
 
19. Even that U.S. holiday holdout of home cooking known as 
Thanksgiving seems doomed. A Boston Market survey last year reported 
that 27 million Americans bought some prepared food for the repast. 
Charles Webre, 35, an ad executive in New York City, spent $400 last year 
for a 12- course store-bought Thanksgiving. “I felt like I cheated,” says 
Charles, who presented the meal on the family china. 
“I work hard, we have two kids, and my wife is stressed out. We believe in 
traditional-food values, but we don’t have the time to do it ourselves.” For 
harried Americans, time is money, and so long as Mom is out bringing 
home the bacon, somebody else is going to have to come up 
with supper. 
Adapted from http://time.com/ 
 
– No texto, assinale o significado da palavra china: 
a) espécie de tempero utilizado por toda a família. 
b) comida típica da região. 
c) prato especialmente preparado por um cozinheiro famoso. 
d) restaurante muito conhecido. 
e) louça fina. 
 
20. William and Kate, a modern couple, lived together quite openly for 
several years before their marriage, a sensible decision condoned by the 
Queen, which would have been seen as unthinkable less than a decade 
earlier. This was after prince Charles had moved in with his divorced 
former mistress, Camila Parker Bowles, a situation that would have been 
equally unacceptable a few years ago. All this evidences a rapidly 
evolving monarchy. Who would have suspected that the Queen would 
have been seen pretending to parachute into the Olympic stadium with 
James Bond? 
Adapted from http://www.dailymail.co.uk/ 
 
Associe as palavras da coluna I às suas respectivas traduções, na coluna 
II, de acordo com o sentido que têm no texto. 
 
 
Coluna I 
( ) sensible 
( ) condoned 
( ) pretending 
 
Coluna 2 
1. simulando 
2. sensível 
3. aceita 
4. pretendendo 
5. sensata 
6. condenada 
 
– A sequência correta de preenchimento dos parênteses, 
de cima para baixo, é: 
a) 2 – 3 – 1. 
b) 2 – 6 – 4. 
c) 5 – 3 – 1. 
d) 2 – 1 – 6. 
e) 5 – 3 – 4. 
 
21. English as a Global Language, a Good or Bad Thing? 
 
It is the language of media, medicine and business. Computing uses 
English as does the international airtraffic control. But is the spread of 
this language a good thing or a bad one, is the spread of one such a 
powerful language a disadvantage or an advantage? 
This is a difficult question to answer. Academics in the field of linguistics 
have tried to find the best solution for this puzzle for decades now. One 
disadvantage which is often mentioned in this context is the fact that 
many languages have died because of the spread of English. Many still 
have lost a large number of speakers and are bound to be doomed in the 
near future. These are the disadvantages, and while they certainly seem 
gloomy, there are many advantages of having a global language. 
Doctors, for instance, from around the world can communicate with each 
other while using one language. As a consequence of numerous people 
knowing this language there are less misunderstandings which of course 
in medicine could be fatal. People from all corners of the world can 
communicate easier because they share a common language. Media can 
more easily tell us the most recent news from all over the world. People 
can use the Internet as a tool for research, which means more people are 
being educated about different issues. 
Disponível em: www.helium.com/ (adaptado). 
 
Uma das consequências da globalização é a maior difusão de 
conhecimento, o que pode ser observado na área linguística. A língua 
inglesa é um exemplo dessa difusão de conhecimento, uma vez que 
recebe o título de língua global, sendo utilizada mundialmente por vários 
países e povos. A publicação questiona as vantagens e as desvantagens 
da língua inglesa ser global. Em conformidade com o texto, infere-se que 
 
a) não fica evidente se a propagação mundial da língua inglesa oferece 
mais vantagens ou desvantagens à sociedade. 
b) a disseminação da língua inglesa do ponto de vista medicinal é vista 
como benéfica, uma vez que essa área é a que mais se beneficia com a 
homogeneidade linguística. 
c) as línguas de povos menos populosos ainda existirão se elas se 
provarem essenciais no mundo atual. 
d) assim como o inglês se consolidou como uma língua global, a 
internet se consolidou como uma ferramenta de pesquisa global. 
e) a comunidade acadêmica de linguística é contra a propagação 
internacional da língua inglesa, já que ela extinguiu a existência e a 
funcionalidade de outras línguas, até então, existentes. 
 
22. Texto para a próxima questão. 
Lava Mae: Creating Showers on Wheels for the Homeless 
San Francisco, according to recent city numbers, has 4,300 people living 
on the streets. Among the many problems the homeless face is little or 
INGLÊS MÓDULO 11 CBMERJ 
 
 
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no access to showers. San Francisco only has about 16 to 20 shower 
stalls to accommodate them. 
But Doniece Sandoval has made it her mission to change that. The 51-
year-old former marketing executive started Lava Mae, a sort of showers 
on wheels, a new project that aims to turn decommissioned city buses 
into shower stations for the homeless. Each bus will have two shower 
stations and Sandoval expects that they'll be able to provide 2,000 
showers a week. 
ANDREANO, C. Disponível em: <http://abcnews.go.com>. Acesso em: 26 jun. 2015 
(adaptado). 
 
A relação entre os vocábulos "shower", "bus" e "homeless", no texto, 
refere-se a: 
a) empregar moradores de rua em lava a jatos para ônibus. 
b) criar acesso a banhos gratuitos para moradores de rua. 
c) comissionar sem-tetos para dirigir os ônibus da cidade. 
d) exigir das autoridades que os ônibus municipais tenham banheiros. 
e) abrigar 2 mil moradores de rua em ônibus que foram adaptados. 
 
23. How Much Screen Time Should Children Be Allowed? 
How much screen time is too much for babies and young children? The 
World Health Organization has advised parents that under-twos should 
not spend any time passively watching screens. 
Childrenaged two to four should not spend more than an hour a day 
watching programmes or playing computer games, it also says. 
CONVERY, Niall-James; GELBART, Hannah. BBC News, Six and Ten. 
 
A reportagem acima retrata um assunto muito debatido no meio parental 
de hoje: o quanto crianças podem fazer uso de aparelho eletrônicos. Esta 
temática gera diferentes opiniões, visto que há pessoas que acreditam 
que crianças deveriam fazer pouco uso de aparelhos eletrônicos, 
enquanto há pessoas que defendem o uso indiscriminado desses 
dispositivos pelos infantes. 
De acordo com o texto, 
a) até os quatro primeiros anos na vida de uma criança, ela não deve ter 
nenhum contato com dispositivos eletrônicos. 
b) crianças de até dois anos não devem passar mais de 1 hora em frente 
à tela da TV. 
c) crianças com até dois anos não devem passar tempo algum em 
frente à tela de TV ou de computador. 
d) após os quatro anos de idade, as crianças podem passar o tempo 
que desejarem em frente à tela de computador ou TV, contanto que sejam 
supervisionadas por adultos. 
e) especialistas recomendam que os pais devem decidir quanto tempo 
por dia seus filhos devem assistir à TV ou jogar videogame. 
 
24. Algorithms are everywhere. They play the stockmarket, decide 
whether you can have a mortgage and may one day drive your car for you. 
They search the internet when commanded, stick carefully chosen 
advertisements into the sites you visit and decide what prices to show 
you in online shops. (…) But what exactly are algorithms, and what makes 
them so powerful? 
An algorithm is essentially a brainless way of doing clever things. It is a 
set of precise steps that need no great mental effort to follow but which, 
if obeyed exactly and mechanically, will lead to some desirable outcome. 
Long division and column addition are examples that everyone is familiar 
with — if you follow the procedure, you are guaranteed to get the right 
answer. So is the strategy, rediscovered thousands of times every year by 
schoolchildren bored with learning mathematical algorithms, for playing 
a perfect game of noughts and crosses. The brainlessness is key: each 
step should be as simple and as free from ambiguity as possible. Cooking 
recipes and driving directions are algorithms of a sort. But instructions 
like “stew the meat until tender” or “it’s a few miles down the road” are 
too vague to follow without at least some interpretation. 
(…) 
The Economist, August 30, 2017. 
No texto, um exemplo associado ao fato de algoritmos estarem por toda 
parte é 
a) o cartão de crédito. 
b) o livre mercado. 
c) a dieta. 
d) o jogo de xadrez. 
e) o comércio eletrônico. 
 
25. Segundo o texto, a execução de um algoritmo consiste em um 
processo que: 
a) prevê a memorização de tabelas e fórmulas. 
b) envolve mecanismos de seleção e detecção de erros. 
c) se apoia em um número infinito de etapas. 
d) é incompatível com análises subjetivas e imprecisas. 
e) alterna níveis altos e baixos de esforço intelectual. 
 
26. Leia o trecho a seguir para responder a questão 02: 
 
If you believe in freedom of speech, you believe in freedom of speech for 
views you don’t like. Goebbels was in favor of freedom of speech for 
views he liked. So was Stalin. If you’re in favor of freedom of speech, that 
means you’re in favor of freedom of speech precisely for views you 
despise. 
CHOMSKY, Noam. Disponível em: http://noam-
chomsky.tumblr.com/post/7223808896/if-youbelieve- in-freedom-of-speech-you-
believe. 
 
De acordo com o texto, o autor: 
a) despreza os que restringem a liberdade de expressão. 
b) critica os excessos da liberdade de expressão. 
c) critica a falta de liberdade de expressão. 
d) defende a liberdade de expressão sem restrições. 
e) acredita que há um excesso de liberdade de expressão na sociedade 
atual. 
 
27. Identify the item that best replaces the phrasal verb in bold type. 
I’ve finally got over the problem. 
a) estimated. 
b) decided. 
c) reckoned. 
d) counted. 
e) overcame. 
 
A popular method of treating frozen fingers and toes in very cold, even 
freezing weather is to slowly rewarm them or rub them with snow. The 
best treatment, however, is not slow rewarming but rapid rewarming. 
Putting the frozen fingers or toes in a warm bath or using a hot water 
bottle are both good ways to treat them. Hot drinks to warm the body 
from within are also helpful. One must be careful about burning the skin, 
however. The temperature of any heat applied should not be greater than 
43 C. 
 
28.The main concern of the passage is _____. 
a) why frozen fingers and toes should be slowly rewarmed. 
b) how to keep adequately warm in the winter. 
c) how to treat fingers and toes that have been frozen. 
d) the dangers of freezing weather for the body. 
e) why one should have plenty of hot drinks in winter. 
 
29. It is pointed out in the passage that _____. 
a) the use of hot water bottles to rewarm the body is not advisable. 
b) one should try to rewarm frozen fingers and toes fairly rapidly. 
c) in rewarming the body the higher the temperature the better the result 
is. 
d) people should be warned not to go out in freezingly cold weather. 
e) one should take a bath as often as possible in winter. 
 
 
 
 
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30. The author warns that _____. 
a) the minimum temperature required is 43 C. 
b) in rewarming the body, care must be taken not to burn the skin. 
c) one should never rub frozen fingers and toes with snow. 
d) hot drinks must not be taken in immediately. 
e) recovery cannot be as rapid as one would expect. 
 
THE INTERNET AND GUTEMBERG 
In our self-absorbed age, everything is the newest New Thing or the 
biggest Big Thing. This spirit inevitably invests the Internet with 
transcendent significance. Steve Case of America Online already calls 
the new century "the Internet Century," and some authorities whisper that 
the Internet rivals the importance of Gutemberg's invention of the printing 
press in the 15th century. We suffer from historical amnesia. 
Suppose you were born in 1900. You wouldn't yet watch movies, let alone 
global TV. The airplane hadn't been invented, and Henry Ford wouldn't 
produce the first Model T until 1908. Fewer than 10 percent of U.S. homes 
had phones, and fewer than 8 percent had electricity. Antibiotics hadn't 
been discovered. As yet the Internet isn't in the same league with these 
developments. 
Each changed lifestyles and popular beliefs. The automobile 
suburbanized America and inaugurated mass travel. Antibiotics, 
vaccines and public-health advances helped raise life expectancy from 
46 in 1900 to 77 today. The explosion of prosperity - a consequence of 
electricity, other technologies and modern management - shortened 
working hours and expanded leisure. Movies and TV transformed popular 
culture. As a matter of fact, the Internet is too young for anyone to foretell 
its ultimate significance. 
Our historical amnesia could benefit from the words of a Tennessee 
farmer at a church meeting in the 1940s. "Brothers and sisters, I want to 
tell you this," he said. "The greatest thing on earth is to have the love of 
God in your heart, and the next greatest is to have electricity in your 
home." Can the Internet really top that? 
 
31. In line 1, "self-absorbed" means: 
a) materialistic. 
b) revolutionary. 
c) self-admiring. 
d) competitive. 
e) self-conscious 
 
32. We suffer from historical amnesia (lines 7 and 24) because: 
a) we invest all developments with unparalleled significance. 
b) we fail to remember some wise words uttered back in the 40s. 
c) we tend to forget major developments and inventions of the past. 
d) it is too soon to assess the importance of the Internet. 
e) the lessons of the past are necessarily forgotten. 
 
GABARITO 
 
1) B 
2) A 
3) B 
4) A 
5) D 
6) C 
7) D 
8) E 
9) C 
10) C 
11) B 
12) C 
13) C 
14) B 
15) A 
16) C 
17) A 
18) B 
19) E 
20) C 
21) A 
22) B 
23)C 
24) E 
25) D 
26) D 
27) E 
28) C 
29) B 
30) B 
31) C 
32) C