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INTRODUÇÃO
defeito cristalino
Defeitos Pontuais
LACUNAS E DEFEITOS INTERSTICIAIS
The Structure and Properties of Materials Structure
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segunda fase
Solvente
soluto
Soluções Sólidas
The Structure and Properties of Materials Structure
regras de Hume-Rothery
Fator do tamanho atômico
Estrutura cristalina
Fator de eletronegatividade
Valências
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DISCORDÂNCIAS — DEFEITOS LINEARES
discordância
Essentials of Materials Science
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a b
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b Dislocations in Crystals
4.6 DEFEITOS INTERFACIAIS
Superfícies Externas
Contornos de Grão
contorno de grão de baixo pequeno ângulo
contorno
de inclinação
contorno de torção
4.7
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contornos de fase
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4.9
VIBRAÇÕES ATÔMICAS
Análises Microscópicas
CONCEITOS BÁSICOS DA MICROSCOPIA
macroscópicas
guardrails
microscópicas
4.10 TÉCNICAS DE MICROSCOPIA
Microscopia Óptica
microscopia óptica
metalográficas
ataque químico
b
a
c
a b
c
a
b
a b
Microscopia Eletrônica
Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão
Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura
retroespalhado
Microscopia de Varredura por Sonda (MVS)
chips
nanomateriais
a
b
a b
4.11
a b
DETERMINAÇÃO DO TAMANHO DE GRÃO
interseção linear
comparação
P LT
M
American Society for Testing and Materials
número do tamanho de grão
G
n
nM M
b
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M
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REFERÊNCIAS
ASM Handbook, Metallography and Microstructures,
Microstructural Characterization of Materials,
Microscopy Techniques for Materials Science,
Crystallography and Crystal Defects,
Defects in Solids,
Imperfections in Crystals,
Metallography, Principles and Practice,
PERGUNTAS E PROBLEMAS
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