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Prévia do material em texto

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Questão 1
01 Facebook is the world's largest social
02 network, with 800 million users worldwide as
03 of September 2011.
04 More than any other company, it has
05 defined what ......... see as the "social" era of
06 the Internet, in which connections made
07 among people replace algorithm-driven
08 searches. And its policies, more than any
09 others, seem to be driving the definition of
10 privacy in this new age.
11 Every day, Facebook users comment or
12 press the "like" button more than 2 billion
13 times and upload more than 250 million
14 photos. The McKinsey Global Institute has
15 estimated that the network's users post 30
16 billions pieces of content .......... month.
17 The company, founded in 2004 by a
18 Harvard sophomore, Mark Zuckerberg, began
19 life catering first to Harvard students and then
20 to all high school and college students. It has
21 since evolved into a broadly popular online
22 destination used by teenagers and adults of
23 all ages. In country after country, Facebook
24 has cemented itself as the leader, often
25 displacing other social networks.
26 It is .......... surprise that Facebook has
27 become one of the titans of the Internet,
28 challenging even Google with its vision of a
29 Web tied together by personal relationships
30 and recommendations, rather than by search
31 algorithms. In a major expansion, Facebook
32 has spread itself across other Web sites by
33 offering members the chance to "like"
34 something – share it with their network –
35 without leaving the Web page they are on.
36 At the Facebook developer conference in
37 September, the company announced the
38 release of a product called Timeline, which
39 offers a highly visual view of a user's
40 Facebook profile and organizes content into
41 photos, events and apps, all based on a
42 timeline view that stretches back to the
43 beginning of a user's time on Facebook.
44 Timeline is designed to work on mobile
45 devices, too.
WYLD, Adrian. Facebook. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 01 dez. 2011.
(Adaptado.)
Assinale a alternativa que preenche correta e respectivamente as lacunas das linhas 05, 16 e 26.
(A) some – every – no
(B) some – all – no
(C) some – every – none
(D) any – each – no
(E) any – every – none
Gabarito:
A
Resolução:
A resolução da questão depende do domínio do uso dos quantificadores e determinantes. A primeira
lacuna seria preenchida com "some" por se tratar de uma estrutura afirmativa. Nesse caso, "any"
seria descartado porque em frases afirmativas teria o valor de “qualquer”, e não “alguns”. A segunda
lacuna seria corretamente preenchida por "every" porque a ideia transmitida é de “a cada mês”. Se
optássemos por "all", utilizado antes do substantivo singular "month", teríamos o sentido de “o mês
inteiro”, inadequado para o trecho em questão. Na terceira lacuna a melhor opção é "no", por
anteceder a palavra "suprise" (o substantivo “surpresa”) numa estrutura afirmativa com valor
negativo (“surpresa nenhuma”). "None" não poderia ser usado antes de um substantivo.
Questão 2
01 Facebook is the world's largest social
02 network, with 800 million users worldwide as
03 of September 2011.
04 More than any other company, it has
05 defined what ......... see as the "social" era of
06 the Internet, in which connections made
07 among people replace algorithm-driven
08 searches. And its policies, more than any
09 others, seem to be driving the definition of
10 privacy in this new age.
11 Every day, Facebook users comment or
12 press the "like" button more than 2 billion
13 times and upload more than 250 million
14 photos. The McKinsey Global Institute has
15 estimated that the network's users post 30
16 billions pieces of content .......... month.
17 The company, founded in 2004 by a
18 Harvard sophomore, Mark Zuckerberg, began
19 life catering first to Harvard students and then
20 to all high school and college students. It has
21 since evolved into a broadly popular online
22 destination used by teenagers and adults of
23 all ages. In country after country, Facebook
24 has cemented itself as the leader, often
25 displacing other social networks.
26 It is .......... surprise that Facebook has
27 become one of the titans of the Internet,
28 challenging even Google with its vision of a
29 Web tied together by personal relationships
30 and recommendations, rather than by search
31 algorithms. In a major expansion, Facebook
32 has spread itself across other Web sites by
33 offering members the chance to "like"
34 something – share it with their network –
35 without leaving the Web page they are on.
36 At the Facebook developer conference in
37 September, the company announced the
38 release of a product called Timeline, which
39 offers a highly visual view of a user's
40 Facebook profile and organizes content into
41 photos, events and apps, all based on a
42 timeline view that stretches back to the
43 beginning of a user's time on Facebook.
44 Timeline is designed to work on mobile
45 devices, too.
WYLD, Adrian. Facebook. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 01 dez. 2011.
(Adaptado.)
A pergunta que pode ser respondida com base nas informações do texto é
(A) How old was Mark Zuckenberg in 2004?
(B) When was Facebook founded?
(C) What makes the social network enter a new era?
(D) Who directs the McKinsey Global Institute?
(E) Where was Mark Zuckenberg born?
Gabarito:
B
Resolução:
Na linha 17 do texto, a pergunta "When was Facebook founded?" é respondida: "The company,
founded in 2004...." (“A empresa, fundada em 2004...”).
Questão 3
01 Facebook is the world's largest social
02 network, with 800 million users worldwide as
03 of September 2011.
04 More than any other company, it has
05 defined what ......... see as the "social" era of
06 the Internet, in which connections made
07 among people replace algorithm-driven
08 searches. And its policies, more than any
09 others, seem to be driving the definition of
10 privacy in this new age.
11 Every day, Facebook users comment or
12 press the "like" button more than 2 billion
13 times and upload more than 250 million
14 photos. The McKinsey Global Institute has
15 estimated that the network's users post 30
16 billions pieces of content .......... month.
17 The company, founded in 2004 by a
18 Harvard sophomore, Mark Zuckerberg, began
19 life catering first to Harvard students and then
20 to all high school and college students. It has
21 since evolved into a broadly popular online
22 destination used by teenagers and adults of
23 all ages. In country after country, Facebook
24 has cemented itself as the leader, often
25 displacing other social networks.
26 It is .......... surprise that Facebook has
27 become one of the titans of the Internet,
28 challenging even Google with its vision of a
29 Web tied together by personal relationships
30 and recommendations, rather than by search
31 algorithms. In a major expansion, Facebook
32 has spread itself across other Web sites by
33 offering members the chance to "like"
34 something – share it with their network –
35 without leaving the Web page they are on.
36 At the Facebook developer conference in
37 September, the company announced the
38 release of a product called Timeline, which
39 offers a highly visual view of a user's
40 Facebook profile and organizes content into
41 photos, events and apps, all based on a
42 timeline view that stretches back to the
43 beginning of a user's time on Facebook.
44 Timeline is designed to work on mobile
45 devices, too.
WYLD, Adrian. Facebook. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 01 dez. 2011.
(Adaptado.)
Considere as afirmações que seguem.
I – O pronome its (l. 08) refere-se a people (l. 07).
II – O pronome its (l. 28) refere-se a Facebook (l. 26).
III – O pronome which (l. 38) refere-se a product (l. 38).
Quais estão corretas?
(A) Apenas I.
(B) Apenas III.
(C) Apenas I e II.
(D) Apenas II e III.
(E) I, II e III.
Gabarito:
D
Resolução:
O pronome possessivo "its", nalinha 8, não se refere a "people" (pessoas), mas sim a "Facebook".
Cabe lembrar aqui que o pronome possessivo "its" refere-se somente a coisas e animais, regra que
facilitaria a exclusão da alternativa I. Já na linha 28, o pronome "its" de fato refere-se a "Facebook" (l.
26). Quanto ao pronome relativo "which", na linha 38 ele introduz realmente uma oração relativa que
caracteriza e retoma "product" ("offers a highly visual view of a user's Facebook profile and organizes
content into photos").
Questão 4
 Teaching Teens Ethics
 Parents concerned about keeping their children from falling into ethical traps 
may wonder where to start, says pediatrician Barry Brokaw. "When we encounter
things in everyday life or in the news, we need to take advantage by making them 
examples to our children," he says. "Teenagers tune us out if we're constantly giving
05 instruction," he says. How teens answer determines the next step. "If they say, 'The 
only thing he did wrong was he got caught,' then we need to follow-up with instruction," 
he says. "If they say, 'I don't think that person thought about how that would affect all those
people who invested in 
that company,' then that's pretty insightful and you support them."Encouraging honesty
begins well before the teen 
years. “It starts early, establishing good self-esteem in your children by loving them
unconditionally and expecting
10 they adhere to certain rules and ethics," he says. "If you have unrealistic expectations or,
conversely, no rules or 
expectations, you'll fail at producing a child who tries to be honest and ethical." Children see
how parents handle 
their money and time – and whether they're willing to give to community or church causes, he
says. "If you're at the 
store and get extra change, it's tempting to pocket it," Dr. Brokaw says. "But for the sake of
our children, it's important 
to tell the cashier. And if you're shorted, avoid being rude or demanding." He also believes
parents should make
15 clear to children early on, "if they've done something wrong you want to hear it from them,
and they'll have fewer 
repercussions if they're honest with you from the beginning." Create opportunities to talk
about weightier issues, 
such as, "sitting down with your children for dinner or be together as a family in unstructured
time," Dr. Brokaw says.
"You won't have these discussions in the middle of soccer practice." 
 Adapted from: http://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/health/yh/archives/2004/spring/ethics.htm.
Acesso em 30/06/2007 às 7h03min.
No trecho do texto, "If they say, 'I don't think that person thought about how that would affect all
those people who invested in that company, then that's pretty insightful and you support them."
(linhas 07-08), a palavra em negrito, contextualizada no fragmento, pode ser entendida como:
A) tolera.
B) questiona.
C) justifica.
D) apoia.
Gabarito:
D
Resolução:
"Support" significa "apoiar".
Questão 5
 To kill a mockingbird* (1962) is a much-loved, critically-acclaimed, classic trial film.
It exhibits an
 exceptional achievement in acting, a portrayal of childhood innocence (told from
Scout Finch’s
 matured adult understanding), and a progressive, enlightened 1960s message
about racial
 prejudice, violence, moral tolerance and dignified courage.
5 The screenplay was faithfully adapted by screenwriter Horton Foote from Harper
Lee’s Pulitzer
 Prize-winning autobiographical novel, an account of her small-town Southern life in
Monroeville,
 Alabama, of its setting of racial unrest and of her father and also attorney Amasa
Lee. The poor
 Southern town of deteriorating homes was authentically re-created on a Universal
Studios’ set.
 Released in the early 1960s, the timely film reflected the state of deep racial
conflicts and social
10 injustice that existed in the South.
 The film begins by portraying the innocence and world of play of a tomboyish six
year-old girl
 named Scout (Mary Badham) and her ten year-old brother Jem (Phillip Alford). Set
in a small
 town in the 1930s, the story focuses on their widower father, scrupulously honest
and highly
 respected lawyer Atticus Finch, magnificently embodied by the actor Gregory Peck.
The children
15 also fantasize about a boogeyman - the reclusive “village idiot” - who inhabits a
mysterious
 house in their neighborhood. They are abruptly brought out of their insulated and
carefree
 world by their father’s unpopular but courageous defense of a black man named
Tom Robinson
 (Brock Peters), falsely accused of attacking a Southern white woman. Although
racism dooms
 the accused man, a prejudiced adult vengefully attacks the children on a dark
night. They are
20 unexpectedly delivered from real harm in the film’s climax by the recluse “Boo”
Radley (Robert
 Duvall in his film debut).
 To kill a mockingbird won Academy Awards for Best Actor (Peck), Best Adapted
Screenplay and
 Best Art Direction.
filmsite.org
*mockingbird − tordo, um tipo de pássaro
O primeiro parágrafo do texto oferece ao leitor um breve panorama de To kill a
mockingbird, apresentando não só informações técnicas do filme como também as temáticas que
aborda e sua avaliação pela crítica.
Identifique duas qualidades indicadas na avaliação e dois dos temas tratados no filme.
Gabarito:
(RESOLUÇÃO OFICIAL) 
A avaliação do filme é realizada por meio das seguintes expressões: much-loved, critically-
acclaimed, exceptional achievement in acting, progressive, enlightened message (adorado,
aclamado pela crítica, atuação excepcional, mensagem progressista e iluminada). Dentre os temas
tratados no filme estão os seguintes: preconceito racial, violência, tolerância moral, coragem - todos
identificáveis na última frase do primeiro parágrafo. 
Resolução:
 
Questão 6
 To kill a mockingbird* (1962) is a much-loved, critically-acclaimed, classic trial film.
It exhibits an
 exceptional achievement in acting, a portrayal of childhood innocence (told from
Scout Finch’s
 matured adult understanding), and a progressive, enlightened 1960s message
about racial
 prejudice, violence, moral tolerance and dignified courage.
5 The screenplay was faithfully adapted by screenwriter Horton Foote from Harper
Lee’s Pulitzer
 Prize-winning autobiographical novel, an account of her small-town Southern life in
Monroeville,
 Alabama, of its setting of racial unrest and of her father and also attorney Amasa
Lee. The poor
 Southern town of deteriorating homes was authentically re-created on a Universal
Studios’ set.
 Released in the early 1960s, the timely film reflected the state of deep racial
conflicts and social
10 injustice that existed in the South.
 The film begins by portraying the innocence and world of play of a tomboyish six
year-old girl
 named Scout (Mary Badham) and her ten year-old brother Jem (Phillip Alford). Set
in a small
 town in the 1930s, the story focuses on their widower father, scrupulously honest
and highly
 respected lawyer Atticus Finch, magnificently embodied by the actor Gregory Peck.
The children
15 also fantasize about a boogeyman - the reclusive “village idiot” - who inhabits a
mysterious
 house in their neighborhood. They are abruptly brought out of their insulated and
carefree
 world by their father’s unpopular but courageous defense of a black man named
Tom Robinson
 (Brock Peters), falsely accused of attacking a Southern white woman. Although
racism dooms
 the accused man, a prejudiced adult vengefully attacks the children on a dark
night. They are
20 unexpectedly delivered from real harm in the film’s climax by the recluse “Boo”
Radley (Robert
 Duvall in his film debut).
 To kill a mockingbird won Academy Awards for Best Actor (Peck), Best Adapted
Screenplay and
 Best Art Direction.
filmsite.org
*mockingbird − tordo, um tipo de pássaro
"Harper Lee’s Pulitzer Prize-winning autobiographical novel" (l. 5-6)
Uma das diferenças entre o inglês e o português, no que diz respeito à construção de certos grupos
nominais, é a ordem das palavras.Traduza o grupo nominal citado acima para o português. Em seguida, destaque do segundo parágrafo
dois problemas existentes na cidade de Monroeville retratados tanto pelo livro quanto pelo filme. 
Gabarito:
(RESOLUÇÃO OFICIAL) 
Para traduzir o grupo nominal "Harper Lee`s Pulitzer Prize-winning autobiographical" novel é
necessário, em primeiro lugar, identificar que seu núcleo é um substantivo – novel (romance) - e
adequar a tradução dos outros elementos lexicais à ordem da língua portuguesa. O resultado, então,
é “o romance autobiográfico de Harper Lee, ganhador do Prêmio Pulitzer”. Dois problemas da cidade
retratada, tanto no livro como no filme, podem ser deduzidos a partir da descrição da cidade como
pobre e com casas deterioradas. O segundo parágrafo também aponta conflitos raciais e injustiças
sociais como problemas vivenciados na cidade de Monroeville. 
Resolução:
 
Questão 7
 To kill a mockingbird* (1962) is a much-loved, critically-acclaimed, classic trial film.
It exhibits an
 exceptional achievement in acting, a portrayal of childhood innocence (told from
Scout Finch’s
 matured adult understanding), and a progressive, enlightened 1960s message
about racial
 prejudice, violence, moral tolerance and dignified courage.
5 The screenplay was faithfully adapted by screenwriter Horton Foote from Harper
Lee’s Pulitzer
 Prize-winning autobiographical novel, an account of her small-town Southern life in
Monroeville,
 Alabama, of its setting of racial unrest and of her father and also attorney Amasa
Lee. The poor
 Southern town of deteriorating homes was authentically re-created on a Universal
Studios’ set.
 Released in the early 1960s, the timely film reflected the state of deep racial
conflicts and social
10 injustice that existed in the South.
 The film begins by portraying the innocence and world of play of a tomboyish six
year-old girl
 named Scout (Mary Badham) and her ten year-old brother Jem (Phillip Alford). Set
in a small
 town in the 1930s, the story focuses on their widower father, scrupulously honest
and highly
 respected lawyer Atticus Finch, magnificently embodied by the actor Gregory Peck.
The children
15 also fantasize about a boogeyman - the reclusive “village idiot” - who inhabits a
mysterious
 house in their neighborhood. They are abruptly brought out of their insulated and
carefree
 world by their father’s unpopular but courageous defense of a black man named
Tom Robinson
 (Brock Peters), falsely accused of attacking a Southern white woman. Although
racism dooms
 the accused man, a prejudiced adult vengefully attacks the children on a dark
night. They are
20 unexpectedly delivered from real harm in the film’s climax by the recluse “Boo”
Radley (Robert
 Duvall in his film debut).
 To kill a mockingbird won Academy Awards for Best Actor (Peck), Best Adapted
Screenplay and
 Best Art Direction.
filmsite.org
*mockingbird − tordo, um tipo de pássaro
De acordo com a sinopse do filme, To kill a mockingbird foi fiel ao livro que lhe deu origem.
Identifique duas afirmativas presentes na sinopse que aludem a essa fidelidade, em relação ao roteiro
e em relação ao ambiente onde a história se passa. 
Gabarito:
(RESOLUÇÃO OFICIAL) 
No segundo parágrafo, encontram-se as afirmativas que comprovam a fidelidade do filme ao
romance: “O roteiro foi fielmente adaptado por Horton Foote” e “A cidade pobre do sul com suas
casas deterioradas foi autenticamente recriada em um cenário da Universal Studios”. Os advérbios
fielmente (faithfully) e autenticamente (authentically) referem-se, de forma precisa, à ideia de
fidelidade.
Resolução:
 
Questão 8
 To kill a mockingbird* (1962) is a much-loved, critically-acclaimed, classic trial film.
It exhibits an
 exceptional achievement in acting, a portrayal of childhood innocence (told from
Scout Finch’s
 matured adult understanding), and a progressive, enlightened 1960s message
about racial
 prejudice, violence, moral tolerance and dignified courage.
5 The screenplay was faithfully adapted by screenwriter Horton Foote from Harper
Lee’s Pulitzer
 Prize-winning autobiographical novel, an account of her small-town Southern life in
Monroeville,
 Alabama, of its setting of racial unrest and of her father and also attorney Amasa
Lee. The poor
 Southern town of deteriorating homes was authentically re-created on a Universal
Studios’ set.
 Released in the early 1960s, the timely film reflected the state of deep racial
conflicts and social
10 injustice that existed in the South.
 The film begins by portraying the innocence and world of play of a tomboyish six
year-old girl
 named Scout (Mary Badham) and her ten year-old brother Jem (Phillip Alford). Set
in a small
 town in the 1930s, the story focuses on their widower father, scrupulously honest
and highly
 respected lawyer Atticus Finch, magnificently embodied by the actor Gregory Peck.
The children
15 also fantasize about a boogeyman - the reclusive “village idiot” - who inhabits a
mysterious
 house in their neighborhood. They are abruptly brought out of their insulated and
carefree
 world by their father’s unpopular but courageous defense of a black man named
Tom Robinson
 (Brock Peters), falsely accused of attacking a Southern white woman. Although
racism dooms
 the accused man, a prejudiced adult vengefully attacks the children on a dark
night. They are
20 unexpectedly delivered from real harm in the film’s climax by the recluse “Boo”
Radley (Robert
 Duvall in his film debut).
 To kill a mockingbird won Academy Awards for Best Actor (Peck), Best Adapted
Screenplay and
 Best Art Direction.
filmsite.org
*mockingbird − tordo, um tipo de pássaro
O parágrafo em que o filme é resumido traz informações sobre seus personagens e expõe o conflito
vivido por eles.
Descreva o personagem interpretado pelo ator Gregory Peck. Aponte, ainda, a causa defendida pelo
personagem e uma das consequências dessa ação. 
Gabarito:
(RESOLUÇÃO OFICIAL) 
O personagem de Gregory Peck chama-se Atticus Finch e é descrito como viúvo,
escrupulosamente honesto e advogado altamente respeitado (widower father, scrupulously
honest and highly respected lawyer). Ele defendeu um homem negro, chamado Tom Robinson,
falsamente acusado de atacar uma mulher branca (defense of a black man named Tom
Robinson, falsely accused of attacking a Southern white woman). As consequências da defesa
dessa causa para seus filhos foram as seguintes: eles não só foram atacados por um adulto
preconceituoso que queria se vingar (a prejudiced adult vengefully attacks the children), mas
também perderam a segurança e tranquilidade em que viviam (They are abruptly brought out of
their insulated and carefree world).
Resolução:
 
Questão 9
 Atticus was feeble: he was nearly fifty. When Jem and I asked him why he was so
old, he said he
 got started late, which we felt reflected upon his abilities and manliness. He was
much older than
 the parents of our school contemporaries, and there was nothing Jem or I could say
about him
 when our classmates said, “My father—”
5 Jem was football crazy. Atticus was never too tired to play keepaway, but when Jem
wanted to
 tackle him Atticus would say, “I’m too old for that, son.”
 Our father didn’t do anything. He worked in an office, not in a drugstore. Atticus did
not drive
 a dump-truck for the county, he was not the sheriff, he did not farm, work in a
garage, or do
 anything that could possibly arouse the admiration of anyone.
10 Besides that, he wore glasses. He was nearly blind in his left eye, and said left eyes
were the
 tribal curse of the Finches. Whenever he wanted to see something well, he turned
his head and
 looked from his right eye.
 He did not do the things our schoolmates’ fathers did: he never went hunting, he
did not play poker or
 fish or drink or smoke. He sat in the livingroom and read.
15 With these attributes, however, he would not remain as inconspicuous as we
wished him to:
 that year, the school buzzed with talk about him defending TomRobinson, none of
which
 was complimentary. After my bout with Cecil Jacobs when I committed myself to a
policy of
 cowardice, word got around that Scout Finch wouldn’t fight any more, her daddy
wouldn’t let
 her. This was not entirely correct: I wouldn’t fight publicly for Atticus, but the family
was private
20 ground. I would fight anyone from a third cousin upwards tooth and nail. Francis
Hancock, for
 example, knew that.
 When he gave us our air-rifles Atticus wouldn’t teach us to shoot. Uncle Jack
instructed us in the
 rudiments thereof; he said Atticus wasn’t interested in guns. Atticus said to Jem one
day, “I’d
 rather you shot at tin cans in the back yard, but I know you’ll go after birds. Shoot
all the bluejays1
25 you want, if you can hit ‘em, but remember it’s a sin to kill a mockingbird.”
 That was the only time I ever heard Atticus say it was a sin to do something, and I
asked Miss
 Maudie about it.
 “Your father’s right,” she said. “Mockingbirds don’t do one thing but make music for
us to enjoy.
 They don’t eat up people’s gardens, don’t nest in corncribs2, they don’t do one
thing but sing
 their hearts out for us. That’s why it’s a sin to kill a mockingbird.”
Harper Lee. To kill a mockingbird. New York: Perennial, 2002. 
1bluejay − gaio-azul, um tipo de passáro
2corncribs − locais para armazenar o
milho colhido
No quinto parágrafo, duas expressões indicam que Atticus e Scout eram alvos de comentários na
escola.
Retire, em inglês, essas expressões do texto. 
Gabarito:
(RESOLUÇÃO OFICIAL) 
As duas expressões que, no sexto parágrafo, se referem ao ato de fazer comentários são "buzzed
with talk e word got around".
Resolução:
 
Questão 10
 Atticus was feeble: he was nearly fifty. When Jem and I asked him why he was so
old, he said he
 got started late, which we felt reflected upon his abilities and manliness. He was
much older than
 the parents of our school contemporaries, and there was nothing Jem or I could say
about him
 when our classmates said, “My father—”
5 Jem was football crazy. Atticus was never too tired to play keepaway, but when Jem
wanted to
 tackle him Atticus would say, “I’m too old for that, son.”
 Our father didn’t do anything. He worked in an office, not in a drugstore. Atticus did
not drive
 a dump-truck for the county, he was not the sheriff, he did not farm, work in a
garage, or do
 anything that could possibly arouse the admiration of anyone.
10 Besides that, he wore glasses. He was nearly blind in his left eye, and said left eyes
were the
 tribal curse of the Finches. Whenever he wanted to see something well, he turned
his head and
 looked from his right eye.
 He did not do the things our schoolmates’ fathers did: he never went hunting, he
did not play poker or
 fish or drink or smoke. He sat in the livingroom and read.
15 With these attributes, however, he would not remain as inconspicuous as we
wished him to:
 that year, the school buzzed with talk about him defending Tom Robinson, none of
which
 was complimentary. After my bout with Cecil Jacobs when I committed myself to a
policy of
 cowardice, word got around that Scout Finch wouldn’t fight any more, her daddy
wouldn’t let
 her. This was not entirely correct: I wouldn’t fight publicly for Atticus, but the family
was private
20 ground. I would fight anyone from a third cousin upwards tooth and nail. Francis
Hancock, for
 example, knew that.
 When he gave us our air-rifles Atticus wouldn’t teach us to shoot. Uncle Jack
instructed us in the
 rudiments thereof; he said Atticus wasn’t interested in guns. Atticus said to Jem one
day, “I’d
 rather you shot at tin cans in the back yard, but I know you’ll go after birds. Shoot
all the bluejays1
25 you want, if you can hit ‘em, but remember it’s a sin to kill a mockingbird.”
 That was the only time I ever heard Atticus say it was a sin to do something, and I
asked Miss
 Maudie about it.
 “Your father’s right,” she said. “Mockingbirds don’t do one thing but make music for
us to enjoy.
 They don’t eat up people’s gardens, don’t nest in corncribs2, they don’t do one
thing but sing
 their hearts out for us. That’s why it’s a sin to kill a mockingbird.”
Harper Lee. To kill a mockingbird. New York: Perennial, 2002. 
1bluejay − gaio-azul, um tipo de passáro
2corncribs − locais para armazenar o
milho colhido
As personagens Scoute Jem ganham espingardas de ar comprimido. Atticus e Tio Jack tiveram
atitudes opostas em relação às armas.
Indique a atitude de cada um. Em seguida, transcreva do texto, em inglês, o fragmento que
mostra como Atticus preferiria que as armas fossem usadas. 
Gabarito:
(RESOLUÇÃO OFICIAL) 
No sétimo parágrafo, vê-se que Atticus recusou-se a ensinar os filhos a atirar com a espingarda de ar
comprimido, enquanto o tio dos meninos ensinou os rudimentos do tiro às crianças. O sentido de
recusa é estabelecido pelo uso do modal would na negativa. A oposição também é marcada por essa
negativa em "Atticus wouldn’t teach". Além disso, nesse mesmo parágrafo, o personagem Atticus
diz que preferiria que as crianças atirassem em latas. A preferência expressa por Atticus está inscrita
na combinação dos modais would e rather, em "I`d rather you shot at tin cans", que contrasta com
outro verbo do mesmo campo semântico, na afirmativa: "Uncle Jack instructed us".
Resolução:
 
Questão 11
 Atticus was feeble: he was nearly fifty. When Jem and I asked him why he was so
old, he said he
 got started late, which we felt reflected upon his abilities and manliness. He was
much older than
 the parents of our school contemporaries, and there was nothing Jem or I could say
about him
 when our classmates said, “My father—”
5 Jem was football crazy. Atticus was never too tired to play keepaway, but when Jem
wanted to
 tackle him Atticus would say, “I’m too old for that, son.”
 Our father didn’t do anything. He worked in an office, not in a drugstore. Atticus did
not drive
 a dump-truck for the county, he was not the sheriff, he did not farm, work in a
garage, or do
 anything that could possibly arouse the admiration of anyone.
10 Besides that, he wore glasses. He was nearly blind in his left eye, and said left eyes
were the
 tribal curse of the Finches. Whenever he wanted to see something well, he turned
his head and
 looked from his right eye.
 He did not do the things our schoolmates’ fathers did: he never went hunting, he
did not play poker or
 fish or drink or smoke. He sat in the livingroom and read.
15 With these attributes, however, he would not remain as inconspicuous as we
wished him to:
 that year, the school buzzed with talk about him defending Tom Robinson, none of
which
 was complimentary. After my bout with Cecil Jacobs when I committed myself to a
policy of
 cowardice, word got around that Scout Finch wouldn’t fight any more, her daddy
wouldn’t let
 her. This was not entirely correct: I wouldn’t fight publicly for Atticus, but the family
was private
20 ground. I would fight anyone from a third cousin upwards tooth and nail. Francis
Hancock, for
 example, knew that.
 When he gave us our air-rifles Atticus wouldn’t teach us to shoot. Uncle Jack
instructed us in the
 rudiments thereof; he said Atticus wasn’t interested in guns. Atticus said to Jem one
day, “I’d
 rather you shot at tin cans in the back yard, but I know you’ll go after birds. Shoot
all the bluejays1
25 you want, if you can hit ‘em, but remember it’s a sin to kill a mockingbird.”
 That was the only time I ever heard Atticus say it was a sin to do something, and I
asked Miss
 Maudie about it.
 “Your father’s right,” she said. “Mockingbirds don’t do one thing but make music for
us to enjoy.
 They don’t eat up people’s gardens, don’t nest in corncribs2, they don’t do one
thing but sing
 their hearts out for us. That’s why it’s a sin to kill a mockingbird.”
Harper Lee. To kill a mockingbird. New York: Perennial, 2002. 
1bluejay − gaio-azul, um tipo de passáro
2corncribs − locais para armazenar o
milho colhido
“Your father’sright,” (l. 28)
Com esta frase, Miss Maudie expressa sua concordância a respeito de uma opinião de Atticus Finch.
Explicite o ponto de concordância entre esses dois personagens. Identifique, também,
duas justificativas apresentadas por Miss Maudie que sustentam a opinião que ambos compartilham. 
Gabarito:
(RESOLUÇÃO OFICIAL) 
Vê-se no nono parágrafo que Miss Maudie concorda com Atticus Finch quando diz a Scout que o pai
dela tem razão ("Your father’s right") sobre o que ele havia dito anteriormente à filha: matar tordos é
um pecado ("It’s a sin to kill a mockingbird"). Em seguida, Miss Maudie apresenta quatro justificativas
para que não se cometa tal pecado: os pássaros apenas fazem música para apreciarmos; cantam com
todo seu sentimento; não destroem os jardins das pessoas; não fazem ninhos nos silos. Por fim, a
personagem enfatiza que está explicitando motivos, na frase seguinte, que começa com a expressão
"That’s why" (É por isso).
Resolução:
 
Questão 12
Shakespeare biography has
long circled a set of mysteries:
Was
he Protestant or secretly Catholic?
Gay or straight? Loving toward his
wife, or coldly dismissive?
The man left no surviving letters
or autobiographical testimony.
But now, a researcher has
uncovered nearly a dozen
previously
unknown records that shed
clearer
light on another much-discussed
side
of the man: the social climber.
The documents, discovered by
Heather Wolfe, the curator of
manuscripts at the Folger
Shakespeare Library in Washington, relate to a coat of arms that was granted to Shakespeare’s father
in 1596, attesting to his and his son’s status as gentlemen.
The documents suggest both how deeply invested Shakespeare was in gaining that recognition – a
rarity for a man from the theater – and how directly he may have been drawn into colorful
bureaucratic infighting that threatened to strip it away.
The new evidence “really helps us get a little bit closer to the man himself,” Ms. Wolfe said. “It shows
him shaping himself and building his reputation in a very intentional way.”
The new documents also come with a nice bonus: they clearly refute skeptics who continue to argue
that William Shakespeare of Stratford-upon-Avon was not actually the author of the works attributed
to him.
The New York Times, June 29, 2016. Adaptado.
Com base na leitura do texto e redigindo em português, atenda ao que se pede.
a) Cite dois aspectos indicativos do caráter misterioso da biografia de Shakespeare.
b) Em que reside a importância da descoberta, pela pesquisadora Heather Wolfe, de novos
documentos relativos a um brasão de armas conferido ao pai de Shakespeare em 1596? 
Gabarito:
a) O candidato deveria optar por dois dos aspectos indicativos do caráter misterioso da biografia de
Shakespeare. Um deles refere-se à sua religião, pois não se sabe ao certo se o dramaturgo foi
protestante ou se era secretamente católico. Outro aspecto que poderia ser abordado seria sua
sexualidade, se ele era homossexual ou heterossexual. O candidato teria ainda um terceiro aspecto
que envolve mistério quanto à vida de Shakespeare: a afetividade do autor em relação à sua esposa,
se ele era amoroso ou indiferente em relação a ela.
b) Como informa o texto, os novos documentos, descobertos pela pesquisadora Heather Wolfe,
relativos a um brasão de armas conferido a Shakespeare e a seu pai em 1596, são importantes por
ajudarem a dar uma perspectiva mais precisa da personalidade do dramaturgo inglês, aproximando-
nos do homem que ele realmente foi. Tais documentos permitem ver Shakespeare como um homem
dedicado, intencionalmente, a construir uma reputação na sociedade da época. Além disso, ajudam a
refutar a hipótese de céticos de que Shakespeare não teria sido o autor das obras a ele atribuídas.
Resolução:
Questão 13
 Harry’d lived with the Dursleys almost ten years, ten miserable years, as long as he
could
 remember, ever since he’d been a baby and his parents had died in that car crash.
He couldn’t
 remember being in the car when his parents had died.
 (…)
 At school, Harry had no one. Everybody knew that Dudley’s gang hated that odd
Harry Potter
5 in his baggy old clothes and broken glasses, and nobody liked to disagree with
Dudley’s gang.
 (…)
 Harry was glad school was over, but there was no escaping Dudley’s gang, who
visited the house
 every single day. Piers, Dennis, Malcolm, and Gordon were all big and stupid, but as
Dudley was
 the biggest and stupidest of the lot, he was the leader. The rest of them were all
quite happy to
 join in Dudley’s favorite sport: Harry Hunting.
10 This was why Harry spent as much time as possible out of the house, wandering
around and
 thinking about the end of the holidays, where he could see a tiny ray of hope. When
September
 came he would be going off to secondary school and, for the first time in his life, he
wouldn’t be
 with Dudley. Dudley had been accepted at Uncle Vernon’s old private school,
Smeltings. Piers
 Polkiss was going there too. Harry, on the other hand, was going to Stonewall High,
the local
15 public school. Dudley thought this was very funny.
 “They stuff people’s heads down the toilet the first day at Stonewall,” he told Harry.
“Want to
 come upstairs and practice?”
 “No, thanks,” said Harry. “The poor toilet’s never had anything as horrible as your
head down
 it − it might be sick.” Then he ran, before Dudley could work out what he’d said.
 (…)
20 That evening, Dudley paraded around the living room for the family in his brand-
new uniform.
 (…)
 As he looked at Dudley in his new knickerbockers, Uncle Vernon said gruffly that it
was the
 proudest moment of his life. Aunt Petunia burst into tears and said she couldn’t
believe it was
 her Ickle Dudleykins, he looked so handsome and grown-up. Harry didn’t trust
himself to speak.
 He thought two of his ribs might already have cracked from trying not to laugh.
25 There was a horrible smell in the kitchen the next morning when Harry went in for
breakfast. It
 seemed to be coming from a large metal tub in the sink. He went to have a look.
The tub was full
 of what looked like dirty rags swimming in gray water.
 “What’s this?” he asked Aunt Petunia.
 “Your new school uniform,” she said.
30 Harry looked in the bowl again.
 “Oh,” he said, “I didn’t realize it had to be so wet.”
 “I’m dyeing some of Dudley’s old things gray for you. It’ll look just like everyone
else’s when I’ve
 finished.”
 Harry seriously doubted this, but thought it best not to argue. He sat down at the
table and
35 tried not to think about how he was going to look on his first day at Stonewall High
− like he was
 wearing bits of old elephant skin, probably.
ROWLING, J. K. Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone. New York: Arthur A. Levine Books, 1997.
Conforme se observa no primeiro parágrafo, a infância de Harry não foi feliz.
Explique o porquê de Harry viver com os Dursleys. Identifique, também, os primeiros nomes de dois
familiares de Harry e o grau de parentesco que cada um mantém com ele.
Gabarito:
(Resolução oficial)
Seus pais haviam morrido em um acidente.
Dois dos nomes e respectivos parentescos: Vernon ? tio; Petunia ? tia.
Resolução:
Questão 14
 Harry’d lived with the Dursleys almost ten years, ten miserable years, as long as he
could
 remember, ever since he’d been a baby and his parents had died in that car crash.
He couldn’t
 remember being in the car when his parents had died.
 (…)
 At school, Harry had no one. Everybody knew that Dudley’s gang hated that odd
Harry Potter
5 in his baggy old clothes and broken glasses, and nobody liked to disagree with
Dudley’s gang.
 (…)
 Harry was glad school was over, but there was no escaping Dudley’s gang, who
visited the house
 every single day. Piers, Dennis, Malcolm, and Gordon were all big and stupid, but as
Dudley was
 the biggest and stupidest of the lot, he was the leader. The rest of them were all
quite happy to
 join in Dudley’s favorite sport: Harry Hunting.
10 This was why Harry spent as much time as possible out of thehouse, wandering
around and
 thinking about the end of the holidays, where he could see a tiny ray of hope. When
September
 came he would be going off to secondary school and, for the first time in his life, he
wouldn’t be
 with Dudley. Dudley had been accepted at Uncle Vernon’s old private school,
Smeltings. Piers
 Polkiss was going there too. Harry, on the other hand, was going to Stonewall High,
the local
15 public school. Dudley thought this was very funny.
 “They stuff people’s heads down the toilet the first day at Stonewall,” he told Harry.
“Want to
 come upstairs and practice?”
 “No, thanks,” said Harry. “The poor toilet’s never had anything as horrible as your
head down
 it − it might be sick.” Then he ran, before Dudley could work out what he’d said.
 (…)
20 That evening, Dudley paraded around the living room for the family in his brand-
new uniform.
 (…)
 As he looked at Dudley in his new knickerbockers, Uncle Vernon said gruffly that it
was the
 proudest moment of his life. Aunt Petunia burst into tears and said she couldn’t
believe it was
 her Ickle Dudleykins, he looked so handsome and grown-up. Harry didn’t trust
himself to speak.
 He thought two of his ribs might already have cracked from trying not to laugh.
25 There was a horrible smell in the kitchen the next morning when Harry went in for
breakfast. It
 seemed to be coming from a large metal tub in the sink. He went to have a look.
The tub was full
 of what looked like dirty rags swimming in gray water.
 “What’s this?” he asked Aunt Petunia.
 “Your new school uniform,” she said.
30 Harry looked in the bowl again.
 “Oh,” he said, “I didn’t realize it had to be so wet.”
 “I’m dyeing some of Dudley’s old things gray for you. It’ll look just like everyone
else’s when I’ve
 finished.”
 Harry seriously doubted this, but thought it best not to argue. He sat down at the
table and
35 tried not to think about how he was going to look on his first day at Stonewall High
− like he was
 wearing bits of old elephant skin, probably.
ROWLING, J. K. Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone. New York: Arthur A. Levine Books, 1997.
Dudley e sua gangue são apresentados como antagonistas de Harry.
Retire do segundo parágrafo, em inglês, o fragmento que sugere o respeito dos demais alunos por
esse grupo. Em seguida, cite, com base no terceiro parágrafo, duas características de Dudley.
Gabarito:
(Resolução oficial)
Nobody liked to disagree with Dudley?s gang
Características: maior, mais estúpido.
Resolução:
Questão 15
 Harry’d lived with the Dursleys almost ten years, ten miserable years, as long as he
could
 remember, ever since he’d been a baby and his parents had died in that car crash.
He couldn’t
 remember being in the car when his parents had died.
 (…)
 At school, Harry had no one. Everybody knew that Dudley’s gang hated that odd
Harry Potter
5 in his baggy old clothes and broken glasses, and nobody liked to disagree with
Dudley’s gang.
 (…)
 Harry was glad school was over, but there was no escaping Dudley’s gang, who
visited the house
 every single day. Piers, Dennis, Malcolm, and Gordon were all big and stupid, but as
Dudley was
 the biggest and stupidest of the lot, he was the leader. The rest of them were all
quite happy to
 join in Dudley’s favorite sport: Harry Hunting.
10 This was why Harry spent as much time as possible out of the house, wandering
around and
 thinking about the end of the holidays, where he could see a tiny ray of hope. When
September
 came he would be going off to secondary school and, for the first time in his life, he
wouldn’t be
 with Dudley. Dudley had been accepted at Uncle Vernon’s old private school,
Smeltings. Piers
 Polkiss was going there too. Harry, on the other hand, was going to Stonewall High,
the local
15 public school. Dudley thought this was very funny.
 “They stuff people’s heads down the toilet the first day at Stonewall,” he told Harry.
“Want to
 come upstairs and practice?”
 “No, thanks,” said Harry. “The poor toilet’s never had anything as horrible as your
head down
 it − it might be sick.” Then he ran, before Dudley could work out what he’d said.
 (…)
20 That evening, Dudley paraded around the living room for the family in his brand-
new uniform.
 (…)
 As he looked at Dudley in his new knickerbockers, Uncle Vernon said gruffly that it
was the
 proudest moment of his life. Aunt Petunia burst into tears and said she couldn’t
believe it was
 her Ickle Dudleykins, he looked so handsome and grown-up. Harry didn’t trust
himself to speak.
 He thought two of his ribs might already have cracked from trying not to laugh.
25 There was a horrible smell in the kitchen the next morning when Harry went in for
breakfast. It
 seemed to be coming from a large metal tub in the sink. He went to have a look.
The tub was full
 of what looked like dirty rags swimming in gray water.
 “What’s this?” he asked Aunt Petunia.
 “Your new school uniform,” she said.
30 Harry looked in the bowl again.
 “Oh,” he said, “I didn’t realize it had to be so wet.”
 “I’m dyeing some of Dudley’s old things gray for you. It’ll look just like everyone
else’s when I’ve
 finished.”
 Harry seriously doubted this, but thought it best not to argue. He sat down at the
table and
35 tried not to think about how he was going to look on his first day at Stonewall High
− like he was
 wearing bits of old elephant skin, probably.
ROWLING, J. K. Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone. New York: Arthur A. Levine Books, 1997.
O fim das férias escolares é também o início de uma nova fase na vida de Harry.
Indique em que consiste essa nova fase. Em seguida, traduza, do quarto parágrafo, a
expressão idiomática que sugere que a mudança na vida de Harry poderia ser positiva.
Gabarito:
(Resolução oficial)
Uma das respostas:
livrar-se de Dudley;●
iniciar o ensino médio / ir para uma nova escola (Stonewall High).●
Tradução: uma luz no fim do túnel.
Resolução:
Questão 16
 Harry’d lived with the Dursleys almost ten years, ten miserable years, as long as he
could
 remember, ever since he’d been a baby and his parents had died in that car crash.
He couldn’t
 remember being in the car when his parents had died.
 (…)
 At school, Harry had no one. Everybody knew that Dudley’s gang hated that odd
Harry Potter
5 in his baggy old clothes and broken glasses, and nobody liked to disagree with
Dudley’s gang.
 (…)
 Harry was glad school was over, but there was no escaping Dudley’s gang, who
visited the house
 every single day. Piers, Dennis, Malcolm, and Gordon were all big and stupid, but as
Dudley was
 the biggest and stupidest of the lot, he was the leader. The rest of them were all
quite happy to
 join in Dudley’s favorite sport: Harry Hunting.
10 This was why Harry spent as much time as possible out of the house, wandering
around and
 thinking about the end of the holidays, where he could see a tiny ray of hope. When
September
 came he would be going off to secondary school and, for the first time in his life, he
wouldn’t be
 with Dudley. Dudley had been accepted at Uncle Vernon’s old private school,
Smeltings. Piers
 Polkiss was going there too. Harry, on the other hand, was going to Stonewall High,
the local
15 public school. Dudley thought this was very funny.
 “They stuff people’s heads down the toilet the first day at Stonewall,” he told Harry.
“Want to
 come upstairs and practice?”
 “No, thanks,” said Harry. “The poor toilet’s never had anything as horrible as your
head down
 it − it might be sick.” Then he ran, before Dudley could work out what he’d said.
 (…)
20 That evening, Dudley paraded around the living room for the family in his brand-
new uniform.
 (…)
 As he looked at Dudley in his new knickerbockers, Uncle Vernon said gruffly that it
was the
 proudest moment of his life. Aunt Petunia burst into tears and said she couldn’t
believe it was
 her Ickle Dudleykins, he looked so handsome and grown-up. Harry didn’t trust
himself to speak.
 He thought two of his ribs might alreadyhave cracked from trying not to laugh.
25 There was a horrible smell in the kitchen the next morning when Harry went in for
breakfast. It
 seemed to be coming from a large metal tub in the sink. He went to have a look.
The tub was full
 of what looked like dirty rags swimming in gray water.
 “What’s this?” he asked Aunt Petunia.
 “Your new school uniform,” she said.
30 Harry looked in the bowl again.
 “Oh,” he said, “I didn’t realize it had to be so wet.”
 “I’m dyeing some of Dudley’s old things gray for you. It’ll look just like everyone
else’s when I’ve
 finished.”
 Harry seriously doubted this, but thought it best not to argue. He sat down at the
table and
35 tried not to think about how he was going to look on his first day at Stonewall High
− like he was
 wearing bits of old elephant skin, probably.
ROWLING, J. K. Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone. New York: Arthur A. Levine Books, 1997.
“Harry, on the other hand, was going to Stonewall High.” (l. 14-15)
Aponte o valor semântico da expressão destacada. Apresente, também, as duas características de
cada escola mencionada no quarto parágrafo.
Gabarito:
(Resolução oficial)
Valor: Introduzir um contraponto/ contraste.
Smeltings: antiga e particular.
Stonewall High: local e pública.
Resolução:
Questão 17
 Harry’d lived with the Dursleys almost ten years, ten miserable years, as long as he
could
 remember, ever since he’d been a baby and his parents had died in that car crash.
He couldn’t
 remember being in the car when his parents had died.
 (…)
 At school, Harry had no one. Everybody knew that Dudley’s gang hated that odd
Harry Potter
5 in his baggy old clothes and broken glasses, and nobody liked to disagree with
Dudley’s gang.
 (…)
 Harry was glad school was over, but there was no escaping Dudley’s gang, who
visited the house
 every single day. Piers, Dennis, Malcolm, and Gordon were all big and stupid, but as
Dudley was
 the biggest and stupidest of the lot, he was the leader. The rest of them were all
quite happy to
 join in Dudley’s favorite sport: Harry Hunting.
10 This was why Harry spent as much time as possible out of the house, wandering
around and
 thinking about the end of the holidays, where he could see a tiny ray of hope. When
September
 came he would be going off to secondary school and, for the first time in his life, he
wouldn’t be
 with Dudley. Dudley had been accepted at Uncle Vernon’s old private school,
Smeltings. Piers
 Polkiss was going there too. Harry, on the other hand, was going to Stonewall High,
the local
15 public school. Dudley thought this was very funny.
 “They stuff people’s heads down the toilet the first day at Stonewall,” he told Harry.
“Want to
 come upstairs and practice?”
 “No, thanks,” said Harry. “The poor toilet’s never had anything as horrible as your
head down
 it − it might be sick.” Then he ran, before Dudley could work out what he’d said.
 (…)
20 That evening, Dudley paraded around the living room for the family in his brand-
new uniform.
 (…)
 As he looked at Dudley in his new knickerbockers, Uncle Vernon said gruffly that it
was the
 proudest moment of his life. Aunt Petunia burst into tears and said she couldn’t
believe it was
 her Ickle Dudleykins, he looked so handsome and grown-up. Harry didn’t trust
himself to speak.
 He thought two of his ribs might already have cracked from trying not to laugh.
25 There was a horrible smell in the kitchen the next morning when Harry went in for
breakfast. It
 seemed to be coming from a large metal tub in the sink. He went to have a look.
The tub was full
 of what looked like dirty rags swimming in gray water.
 “What’s this?” he asked Aunt Petunia.
 “Your new school uniform,” she said.
30 Harry looked in the bowl again.
 “Oh,” he said, “I didn’t realize it had to be so wet.”
 “I’m dyeing some of Dudley’s old things gray for you. It’ll look just like everyone
else’s when I’ve
 finished.”
 Harry seriously doubted this, but thought it best not to argue. He sat down at the
table and
35 tried not to think about how he was going to look on his first day at Stonewall High
− like he was
 wearing bits of old elephant skin, probably.
ROWLING, J. K. Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone. New York: Arthur A. Levine Books, 1997.
Ao mencionar um trote característico da futura escola de Harry, Dudley lhe faz uma proposta.
Descreva esse trote e a proposta feita.
Gabarito:
(Resolução oficial)
Trote: forçar as cabeças dos calouros no vaso sanitário.
Proposta: praticar o mesmo trote com Harry.
Resolução:
Questão 18
 Harry’d lived with the Dursleys almost ten years, ten miserable years, as long as he
could
 remember, ever since he’d been a baby and his parents had died in that car crash.
He couldn’t
 remember being in the car when his parents had died.
 (…)
 At school, Harry had no one. Everybody knew that Dudley’s gang hated that odd
Harry Potter
5 in his baggy old clothes and broken glasses, and nobody liked to disagree with
Dudley’s gang.
 (…)
 Harry was glad school was over, but there was no escaping Dudley’s gang, who
visited the house
 every single day. Piers, Dennis, Malcolm, and Gordon were all big and stupid, but as
Dudley was
 the biggest and stupidest of the lot, he was the leader. The rest of them were all
quite happy to
 join in Dudley’s favorite sport: Harry Hunting.
10 This was why Harry spent as much time as possible out of the house, wandering
around and
 thinking about the end of the holidays, where he could see a tiny ray of hope. When
September
 came he would be going off to secondary school and, for the first time in his life, he
wouldn’t be
 with Dudley. Dudley had been accepted at Uncle Vernon’s old private school,
Smeltings. Piers
 Polkiss was going there too. Harry, on the other hand, was going to Stonewall High,
the local
15 public school. Dudley thought this was very funny.
 “They stuff people’s heads down the toilet the first day at Stonewall,” he told Harry.
“Want to
 come upstairs and practice?”
 “No, thanks,” said Harry. “The poor toilet’s never had anything as horrible as your
head down
 it − it might be sick.” Then he ran, before Dudley could work out what he’d said.
 (…)
20 That evening, Dudley paraded around the living room for the family in his brand-
new uniform.
 (…)
 As he looked at Dudley in his new knickerbockers, Uncle Vernon said gruffly that it
was the
 proudest moment of his life. Aunt Petunia burst into tears and said she couldn’t
believe it was
 her Ickle Dudleykins, he looked so handsome and grown-up. Harry didn’t trust
himself to speak.
 He thought two of his ribs might already have cracked from trying not to laugh.
25 There was a horrible smell in the kitchen the next morning when Harry went in for
breakfast. It
 seemed to be coming from a large metal tub in the sink. He went to have a look.
The tub was full
 of what looked like dirty rags swimming in gray water.
 “What’s this?” he asked Aunt Petunia.
 “Your new school uniform,” she said.
30 Harry looked in the bowl again.
 “Oh,” he said, “I didn’t realize it had to be so wet.”
 “I’m dyeing some of Dudley’s old things gray for you. It’ll look just like everyone
else’s when I’ve
 finished.”
 Harry seriously doubted this, but thought it best not to argue. He sat down at the
table and
35 tried not to think about how he was going to look on his first day at Stonewall High
− like he was
 wearing bits of old elephant skin, probably.
ROWLING, J. K. Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone. New York: Arthur A. Levine Books, 1997.
Tomando por base os dois episódios dos uniformes, compreende-se que Harry e Dudley recebiam
tratamentos diferenciados.
Apresente o sentimento de Petunia em relação a Dudley. Além disso, identifique a ação
que demonstra o desprezo dela por Harry.
Gabarito:
(Resolução oficial)
Sentimento: orgulho.
Ação: ela tinge o uniforme usado de Dudley para ser usado como novo por Harry.
Resolução:
Questão 19
WHY BILINGUALS ARE SMARTER
 SPEAKING two languages rather than just one hasobvious practical benefits in
 an increasingly globalized world. But in recent years, scientists have begun to show
 that the advantages of bilingualism are even more fundamental than being able to
 converse with a wider range of people. Being bilingual, it turns out, makes you
smarter.
5 It can have a profound effect on your brain, improving cognitive skills not related to
 language and even shielding against dementia in old age.
 This view of bilingualism is remarkably different from the understanding of
 bilingualism through much of the 20th century. Researchers, educators and policy
 makers long considered a second language to be an interference, cognitively
speaking,
10 that hindered a child’s academic and intellectual development.
 They were not wrong about the interference: there is ample evidence that in a
 bilingual’s brain both language systems are active even when he is using only one
 language, thus creating situations in which one system obstructs the other. But this
 interference, researchers are finding out, isn’t so much a handicap as a blessing in
15 disguise. It forces the brain to resolve internal conflict, giving the mind a workout
that
 strengthens its cognitive muscles.
 The bilingual experience appears to influence the brain from infancy to old age
 (and there is reason to believe that it may also apply to those who learn a second
 language later in life). In a recent study of 44 elderly Spanish-English bilinguals,
20 scientists led by the neuropsychologist Tamar Gollan of the University of Califórnia,
 San Diego, found that individuals with a higher degree of bilingualism were more
 resistant than others to the onset of dementia and other symptoms of Alzheimer’s
 disease: the higher the degree of bilingualism, the later the age of onset.
BHATTACHARJEE, Y. Why bilinguals are smarter. Available at:
. Access on: 21
sep. 2012.
Fill in the parentheses with T (True) or F (False). Translate the true statements and correct the false
ones (in Portuguese).
a) ( ) Bilingualism may affect a person’s brain, worsening cognitive skills not related to language.
b) ( ) An advantage of bilingualism is that it helps to protect elderly people against dementia.
c) ( ) People recognize that a second language interferes in the first language system and vice versa.
d) ( ) In the twentieth century, researchers and educators used to believe that a second language
improved a child’s academic and intellectual development.
e) ( ) Evidence has proved that the bilingual experience is fruitful only when you start learning a
second language early in life.
Gabarito:
(Resolução oficial)
a) ( F ) O bilinguismo pode ter um efeito profundo no cérebro, melhorando as habilidades cognitivas
não relacionadas com a linguagem.
b) ( T ) Uma vantagem do bilinguismo é ajudar a proteger as pessoas idosas contra a demência.
c) ( T ) As pessoas reconhecem que uma segunda língua interfere no sistema da primeira língua e
vice-versa.
d) ( F ) No século XX, pesquisadores e educadores acreditavam que, do ponto de vista cognitivo, uma
segunda língua atrapalhava o desenvolvimento acadêmico e intelectual da criança.
e) ( F ) A experiência bilíngue parece influenciar o cérebro da infância até a velhice, e isso também
acontece com aqueles que aprendem uma segunda língua mais tarde em suas vidas.
Resolução:
Questão 20
WHY BILINGUALS ARE SMARTER
 SPEAKING two languages rather than just one has obvious practical benefits in
 an increasingly globalized world. But in recent years, scientists have begun to show
 that the advantages of bilingualism are even more fundamental than being able to
 converse with a wider range of people. Being bilingual, it turns out, makes you
smarter.
5 It can have a profound effect on your brain, improving cognitive skills not related to
 language and even shielding against dementia in old age.
 This view of bilingualism is remarkably different from the understanding of
 bilingualism through much of the 20th century. Researchers, educators and policy
 makers long considered a second language to be an interference, cognitively
speaking,
10 that hindered a child’s academic and intellectual development.
 They were not wrong about the interference: there is ample evidence that in a
 bilingual’s brain both language systems are active even when he is using only one
 language, thus creating situations in which one system obstructs the other. But this
 interference, researchers are finding out, isn’t so much a handicap as a blessing in
15 disguise. It forces the brain to resolve internal conflict, giving the mind a workout
that
 strengthens its cognitive muscles.
 The bilingual experience appears to influence the brain from infancy to old age
 (and there is reason to believe that it may also apply to those who learn a second
 language later in life). In a recent study of 44 elderly Spanish-English bilinguals,
20 scientists led by the neuropsychologist Tamar Gollan of the University of Califórnia,
 San Diego, found that individuals with a higher degree of bilingualism were more
 resistant than others to the onset of dementia and other symptoms of Alzheimer’s
 disease: the higher the degree of bilingualism, the later the age of onset.
BHATTACHARJEE, Y. Why bilinguals are smarter. Available at:
. Access on: 21
sep. 2012.
Complete the statements with the correct word or expression in parentheses.
a) “rather than” (l. 1) can be suitably replaced by —————————————— (moreover/ instead of/
as well as)
b) “have begun” (l. 2) describes ———————————— (a present action connected with the past
time/an action completed in the past/ an ongoing action in the present)
c) “thus” (l. 13) expresses ——————————— (condition/ contrast/ result)
d) “It” (l. 15) refers to ——————————— (this interference/ a handicap / the brain)
e) “higher” (l. 21) is the opposite of ———————————— (louder/ shorter/ lower)
Gabarito:
(Resolução oficial)
a) “instead of.”
b) “a present action connected with the past time.”
c) “result.”
d) “this interference.”
e) “lower.”
Resolução: