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State of Mathematical Optimization in Data Science 2024 Report Introduction Today’s data scientists play a critical role in shaping data-driven strategies that guide organizations to success. But as their field continues to evolve, data science professionals must ensure they have the right tools and approaches to tackle increasingly complex problems. To better understand how this fast-growing job field is changing, we surveyed over 1,086 data scientists about their workflows, challenges, and needs. Now in its fourth edition, the State of Mathematical Optimization in Data Science survey aims to provide a comprehensive, year-over-year analysis of emerging trends affecting data scientists. In this report, we’ll delve into current findings to explore how data scientists are navigating the latest industry shifts and embracing advanced methodologies, including mathematical optimization. We’ll also examine the latest trends in data science skill development to offer practical guidance on how data professionals and their organizations can foster growth and innovation. 75% of respondents expressed a desire to strengthen their analytics skillset by learning more about mathematical optimization. Data scientist insight Methodology In 2024, we surveyed 1,086 self-identified data scientists via an online survey platform about their team needs, workflows, ongoing skills development, and use of technology. Respondents were sourced from KD Nuggets and Data Science Central subscriber lists. All respondents are current practitioners, independent consultants working on data science projects, or data science/analytics leaders. A plurality (42%) of respondents have worked in a quantitative/technical role for 11 years or more, 14% have done so for 7-10 years, 14% for 4-6 years, and 30% for 3 years or less. 2 | 2024 Report State of Optimization in Data Science of respondents said they are familiar with mathematical optimization, and 70% of those respondents defined it correctly. No. 1 65% Key findings of those using mathematical optimization currently use it in combination with machine learning. No. 4 59% of respondents use heuristics because it’s “good enough.” No. 2 47% No. 3 of data scientists consider themselves to be self-taught.65% 3 | 2024 Report State of Optimization in Data Science Business Needs Drive Learning & Development Plans Section 01 While all data scientists need a certain baseline knowledge of mathematics, statistics, and computer science, no single degree, certification, or path is required to become one. Some have received formal education in the field, while others have learned on the job. In fact, some companies appear to be investing in long-term talent development for data scientists. Regardless of how they got there, once a data scientist lands a job in their field, business needs tend to direct their annual training goals. In addition, communication and other soft skills are in high demand for new hires. 4 | 2024 Report State of Optimization in Data Science