1XC fim das eras 1XC

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( ) The Steam Engine 
( ) The Telegraph 
 
72. The Byzantine Empire preserved much of ancient Greek and Roman culture. Which 
event, occurring in 1453, marked the end of the Byzantine Empire and the rise of the 
Ottoman Empire, leading to significant changes in the political landscape of Europe and 
Asia? 
( ) The Fall of Constantinople 
( ) The Sack of Rome 
( x ) The Capture of Constantinople 
( ) The Battle of Manzikert 
( ) The Crusades 
 
73. The Enlightenment was characterized by the promotion of reason and scientific 
inquiry. Which scientist is known for developing the theory of evolution through natural 
selection, fundamentally changing the understanding of biology and species 
development? 
( ) Gregor Mendel 
( ) Louis Pasteur 
( x ) Charles Darwin 
( ) Albert Einstein 
( ) Isaac Newton 
 
74. The Age of Enlightenment was marked by significant advancements in political 
thought. Which document, adopted in 1789 during the French Revolution, proclaimed the 
principles of liberty, equality, and fraternity, becoming a symbol of democratic ideals? 
( x ) The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen 
( ) The Constitution of 1791 
( ) The Magna Carta 
( ) The Bill of Rights 
( ) The Napoleonic Code 
 
75. The Russian Revolution of 1917 was a pivotal moment in world history, leading to the 
establishment of a communist government. Which event, occurring in October of that 
year, is known for the Bolshevik takeover of the Russian government? 
( ) The February Revolution 
( x ) The October Revolution 
( ) The Russian Civil War 
( ) The Kronstadt Rebellion 
( ) The signing of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk 
 
76. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was a landmark piece of legislation in the United States. 
Which president signed this act into law, marking a significant achievement in the struggle 
for civil rights and racial equality? 
( x ) Lyndon B. Johnson 
( ) John F. Kennedy 
( ) Richard Nixon 
( ) Bill Clinton 
( ) Ronald Reagan 
 
77. The Enlightenment was a period that emphasized reason and individual rights. Which 
philosopher is best known for his work on the separation of powers and the idea that 
government should be a system of checks and balances? 
( x ) Montesquieu 
( ) John Locke 
( ) Thomas Hobbes 
( ) Jean-Jacques Rousseau 
( ) Voltaire 
 
78. The Industrial Revolution brought about significant changes in society and the 
economy. Which invention, developed by Eli Whitney in the late 18th century, 
revolutionized the cotton industry by mechanically separating cotton fibers from seeds? 
( ) The Power Loom 
( x ) The Cotton Gin 
( ) The Spinning Jenny 
( ) The Steam Engine 
( ) The Telegraph 
 
79. The French Revolution was marked by radical political changes and social upheaval. 
Which event, occurring in 1789, is often regarded as the symbolic beginning of the 
revolution, representing the people's uprising against the monarchy? 
( ) The Reign of Terror 
( ) The Tennis Court Oath 
( x ) The Storming of the Bastille 
( ) The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen 
( ) The execution of Louis XVI 
 
80. The Age of Exploration led to significant cultural exchanges between Europe and the 
Americas. Which event, occurring in 1492, is often regarded as the beginning of European 
colonization of the New World, initiated by the voyages of Christopher Columbus? 
( x ) The Discovery of America 
( ) The Treaty of Tordesillas 
( ) The Columbian Exchange 
( ) The Conquest of the Aztecs 
( ) The Establishment of Jamestown 
 
81. The Cold War was characterized by a series of conflicts and geopolitical tensions 
between the United States and the Soviet Union. Which military alliance, formed in 1955, 
aimed to counter NATO and solidify Soviet influence in Eastern Europe? 
( x ) The Warsaw Pact 
( ) The League of Nations 
( ) The United Nations 
( ) The Commonwealth of Nations 
( ) NATO 
 
82. The Enlightenment period produced many influential texts that shaped modern 
thought. Which work, published in 1784 by Immanuel Kant, argues for the importance of 
reason and individual autonomy in the pursuit of knowledge? 
( ) The Social Contract 
( ) Critique of Pure Reason 
( x ) What Is Enlightenment? 
( ) The Wealth of Nations