Concourse Infrastructure Regulation Economics and Policy

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MEETING TIMES
CONTACT INFORMATION
DESCRIPTION
To print this course outline, use the "Syllabus" menu in the top left. Students do not need to login to
Concourse. 
Class Times: Mondays 9:00am - 12:30pm, 
Class Dates: 20, 27 July; 3, 10, 17, 24, 31 August; 12, 19, 26 October
Venue: Seminar Room 8, Crawford Building
Convenor: Dr John Fallon
Email: john.fallon@anu.edu.au (mailto:john.fallon@anu.edu.au)
Phone: 0419 171 634
Program Coordinator: Ms Shuqun Zhao
Email: crawford.degrees@anu.edu.au (mailto:crawford.degrees@anu.edu.au)
Office: Room 2.62, Crawford Building
Phone: 6125 0093
Assistant, Students and Graduate Programs: Rose
Hisham
Email: crawford.degrees@anu.edu.au (mailto:crawford.degrees@anu.edu.au)
Office: Room 2.64, Crawford Building
Phone: 6125 2172
Uඖඝඛඍඌ_DRAFT • C඗ඔඔඍඏඍ ඗ඎ Aඛඑඉ ඉඖඌ ගඐඍ Pඉඋඑඎඑඋ • Cකඉඟඎ඗කඌ Sඋඐ඗඗ඔ ඗ඎ Pඝඊඔඑඋ P඗ඔඑඋඡ
Iඖඎකඉඛගකඝඋගඝකඍ
Rඍඏඝඔඉගඑ඗ඖ
Eඋ඗ඖ඗ඕඑඋඛ ඉඖඌ
P඗ඔඑඋඡ IDEC-8027
6 Units Modified 16/03/2016
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LEARNING OUTCOMES
SCHEDULE
The course will deal with the theory and practice of economic regulation of infrastructure. It will cover
the main regulatory tools and issues and have a strong policy content. The theoretical component
will cover the rationale for economic regulation, the choice of regulatory or other intervention, efficient
cost recovery and pricing and other key economic concepts, tools and institutions for effective
implementation. There will be a component covering reform and governance of public utilities
highlighting the different considerations when regulating public versus private entities as well as the
economics of privatisation or corporatisation of public enterprises and relevant aspects of competition
policy. There will also be a component covering circumstances in developing countries. There will
also be a component on institutional arrangements and regulatory performance. The main regulatory
and reform issues will be covered with case studies for several sectors, including: power, water,
airports and telecommunications. There will also be a component covering some controversial
issues in economic regulation in particular: the valuation of the regulatory asset base, the appropriate
cost of capital and community service obligations. There are important policy issues to be
considered for each of these aspects. There will be practical material in the form of several case
studies. The case studies will illustrate the application of economic principles in the theoretical
components as well as the effectiveness of institutional arrangements.
Assumed Knowledge
A basic ability to understand and apply economic concepts is assumed. Graduate-level
microeconomics is recommended.
On successful completion of this course, students should:
 (a) Understand key issues and problems with respect to regulation, governance and policies for
the infrastructure sector
 (b) Understand and be able to apply key principles, concepts and tools relevant to the economic
regulation of infrastructure industries
 (c) Be able to analyse different government policies for regulation and reform of the infrastructure
sector.
 (d) Be able to explain the rationale for addressing economic regulation issues.
Weekly schedule.
When Topic Notes
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When Topic Notes
Week
1
Overview of Course,
Economic Objectives and
Choice of Regulatory
Strategy, Economic
Concepts
Lecture
The lecture will provide an overview of the course,
define economic regulation; discuss
underlying influences, market failure, economic
welfare and the objectives of economic regulation;
discuss the choice of regulatory strategy; and
explain various economic concepts relevant for
understanding economic regulation. As lectures 2
and 3 are relatively long we will make a start on
lecture 2 as well.
 Readings
Fallon, J., D. Kelley and M. S. Blake (2014)
Statement of Regulatory Pricing Principles, Network,
40. Provides a discussion of economic efficiency,
risk, fairness and good governance as foundations
for developing pricing principles to meet regulatory
objectives. 
Gomez-Ibanez, J. A. (2003) Regulating
Infrastructure. Chapters 1 and 2. Chapter 1
discusses monopoly as a contracting problem. 
Chapter 2 discusses the choice of regulatory
strategy. 
 Ricketts, M., (2006) Economic Regulation:
Principles, History and Methods, Chapter 2 in Crew
and Parker eds., International Handbook on
Economic Regulation, Edward Elger. Covers
normative and positive theories, natural monopoly,
Coasian perspective, impetus for reform, regulation
and competition, methods of regulation, Pareto
criterion, Averch-Johnson effect. This reading will
help provide an overview of many topics recovered in
this course, as well as material directly relevant to the
early lectures.
 Veljanovski, C., Economic Approaches to
Regulation, Chapter 2 in Baldwin et al (2010). 
Covers normative theory, Pareto and Kaldor Hicks
criteria, Market failure, positive theories, regulatory
design and regulatory impact. Essential reading for
this lecture, pp 17-27. Note pp. 27-32 covers
material relevant for later lecture on institutional
design.
Read Fallon et al (2013) on Regulatory Objectives
and Pricing Principles and Kahn on marginal cost
(see below for tutorial for week 2).
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When Topic Notes
Week
2
Economic concepts - the
competitive firm,
contestability, overall
welfare, aspects of economic
efficiency, monopoly, the
hold-up problem, elasticity of
demand and cost allocation
Lecture
 The lecture will cover various economic concepts
relevant for economic regulation. 
Tutorial
 The tutorial will focus on explaining economic
concepts in more detail and allow for discussion of
the objectives of economic regulation and a
discussion of the reading on marginal cost from
Kahn.
Readings
The lecture notes should suffice for the basic
economic concepts. Many of these concepts are
also covered in basic and intermediate
microeconomic textbooks.
 ACCC (2010), Evaluating Infrastructure Reforms,
Working paper 2, section 1, chapter 3. This covers
the welfare basis for reforms, with good discussion of
efficiency effects. 
 Kahn, A., (1995) Chapter 3 Marginal Cost Pricing in
The Economics of Regulation: Principles and
Institutions, MIT. Very careful exposition in a ‘seminal
text’ on economic regulation. Essential reading for
the tutorial in lecture 2.
Church, J., and R. Ware (2000), Industrial
Organization: A Strategic Approach, Mc Graw Hill
chapters 2 and 24. Useful for furthering
understanding of material from week 1 and new
material in week 2 and some for week 3.
 Chapter 2 covers the welfare economics of market
power, competitive market assumptions, consumer
and producer surplus, efficiency, Pareto
improvement, inefficiency and monopoly pricing –
focus on pp. 19-37. 
 Chapter 24 covers the rationale for regulation,
market failure test, natural monopoly, sub-additivity,
sustainability of monopoly, Demsetz, large specific
investments and hold-up, positive theory of
regulation. Focus on pp. 747-756, pp. 759-760 and
765-769. Note pp. 761-764 on Demsetz is covered
in a later lecture. Parts may be technically difficult
but there should still be enough material to gain an
intuitive understanding.
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Week
3
Natural Monopoly and
Efficient Pricing
Lecture
 The lecture will cover the theory of natural monopoly
and efficient pricing including first best pricing,
Ramsey pricing, two part tariffs, peak load pricing,
franchise bidding (Demsetz competition for the field),
regulated average cost pricing and incentive
regulation.
Tutorial
 The tutorial will focus on explaining economic
concepts in more detail.
Readings
Church, J., and R. Ware (2000), Industrial
Organization: A Strategic Approach, Mc Graw Hill. 
Chapter 25 covers optimal pricing for monopoly – pp.
785-799 and pp. 802-806 (first para). Chapter 26,
 pp. 841-861 covers cost of service and price cap
regulation.
 Cowan, S., (2006), Network Regulation, Oxford
Review of Economic Policy, Vol. 22, No. 2, pp.
248-259. This is a good overview article that
contains material relevant to this lecture, lecture 1,
lecture 5 and lecture 7a. For this lecture the focus is
on (ii) Price Regulation and Incentives pp. 250-251 in
relation to the explanation of the Laffont-Tirole
incentive model.
 Crew, M., and P. Kleindorfer (2006), Regulation,
Pricing and Social Welfare in Crew and Parker,
International Handbook of Economic Regulation,
Edward Elger, UK. 
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When Topic Notes
Week
4
Facilitating Competition Lecture
 The lecture will cover: competition for the field
(Demsetz); structural separation of monopoly from
competitive elements and regulatory elements and
issues in establishing effective competition for each
segment; the regulation of access to an ‘essential
facility’ to facilitate downstream competition
(including the Australian approach) and yardstick
competition (benchmarking). There will be
considerable material on access regulation in
Australia.
Tutorial
 The tutorial will be an extension of the lecture.
Readings
Albon, R. (2007), The Use and Abuse of the Efficient
Component Pricing Rule, Network, pp. 2-7.
Australian Competition and Consumer Commission
(2013), Submission to the Productivity Commission
on the National Access Regime, pp. 1-22.
 Church, J., and R. Ware (2000), Industrial
Organization: A Strategic Approach, Mc Graw Hill
chapter 24, pp. 761-764 on Demsetz. 
Dnes, A. W., (1995), Franchising and Privatization,
Public Policy for the Private Sector, Note No. 40,
World Bank. 
Helm, D., and T. Jenkinson (1998), Introducing
Competition into Regulated Industries, in D. Helm
and T. Jenkinson, eds., Competition in Regulated
Industries. Oxford University Press.
King, S. (2000) Access: what, where and how, in
Productivity Commission, Achieving Better
Regulation of Services, Conference Proceedings,
June 2000. 
Klein, M., (1998), Competition in Network Industries
–Where and How to Introduce It, World Bank, Public
Policy for the Private Sector, Note No. 104. 
Lawrence, D., and Fallon, J. (2009), International
Benchmarking of Postal Service Productivity, Report
prepared for Australia Post. 
OECD (2006), Report on Experiences with Structural
Separation, Competition Committee. Read up to
and including p. 26.
Productivity Commission (2013), National Access
Regime, Volume 1, selected pages. 
Queensland Competition Authority (2013),
Submission to the Productivity Commission on the
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When Topic Notes
National Access Regime.
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When Topic Notes
Week
5
Building Blocks and
Productivity Based
Regulation
Lecture
The lecture will cover the various components of
building blocks regulation: return on capital, return of
capital (depreciation), asset valuation methodologies
and operating expenses. It will also cover the time
profile of prices, the NPV=0 (or financial capital
maintenance) principle and the basic elements of
productivity based regulation. It will also cover the
form of regulation and its implications for risk. It will
present a recently developed concept for the ‘split
cost of capital’ that recognises fundamentally
different risks for different activites of some regulated
entities.
The lecture will also cover setting the X factor based
on productivity based regulation with reference to an
application of productivity based regulation in the
electricity distribution sector in New Zealand. It will
also cover the Bernstein and Sappington paper on
setting the X factor. 
Tutorial
 The tutorial will be an extension of the lecture and go
over the first short assignment.
Readings
Bernstein, J. I. (2000), Price Cap Regulation and
Productivity Growth, International Productivity
Monitor, pp. 23-28. 
Bernstein, J.I. and D.E.M. Sappington (1999),
“Setting the X Factor in Price Cap Regulation Plans”,
Journal of Regulatory Economics 16, 5–25. Seminal
reference.
Carpenter, P., and C. Lapuerta (2000), Asset
Valuation and the Pricing of Monopoly Infrastructure
Services: A Discussion Paper, The Brattle Group.
Cowan, S., (2006), Network Regulation, Oxford
Review of Economic Policy, Vol. 22, No. 2, pp.
248-259. This is a good overview article that
contains material relevant to this lecture, lecture 1, 
lecture 3 and lecture 6a. For this lecture the whole
paper should be read although the material on
regulatory commitment on p. 253 will be covered in
more detail in lecture 6a.
Lawrence, D., and E. Diewert (2006), Regulating
Electricity Networks: The ABC of Setting X in New
Zealand, chapter 8 in Coelli, T., and D. Lawrence ,
Performance Measurement and Regulation of
Network Utilities, Edward Elgar Publishing,
Cheltenham.
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When Topic Notes
 Patterson, C. The Cost of Capital: Theory and
Estimation Chapter 2. Focus on Section III.
 Queensland Competition Authority (2013), Split Cost
of Capital, Discussion Paper.
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When Topic Notes
Week
6
6a Evolution of Economic
Regulation in Australia 6b
Institutional - Desinging and
Evaluating Regulatory
Agencies, Systems and
Policies
Lecture 6a Evolution of Economic Regulation in
Australia
 The lecture will provide an outline of the evolution of
economic regulation in Australia, set out the main
current elements and regulatory agencies and make
brief reference to developments in the UK and in
developing countries.
Readings
 Competition Principles Agreement (1995 as
amended in 2007).
 Feil, J., (2010), Up a Down Escalator: National
Competition Policy – A Little History and a Glance
Forward, Network, March, pp. 1-7.
Gray, H., (2009), Evolution of infrastructure
regulation in Australia, ACCC Working Paper No. 1,
pp. 1-28.
Lecture 6b Institutional - Desinging and
Evaluating Regulatory Agencies, Systems and
Policies
The lecture will cover the main theoretical aspects in
relation to institutional and governance arrangements
and the key principles and criteria for good regulatory
systems and processes.
Tutorial
 No tutorial.
Readings
 Balance, T., and A. Taylor (2005), Competition and
Economic Regulation in Water: the Future of the
European Water Industry, IWA, London, Chapter 3.
 Brown, A. C., J. Stern, B. Tenenbaum and D. Gencer
(2006), Handbook for Evaluating Infrastructure
Regulatory Systems. World Bank,Washington,
Chapters 3 and 5.
 Levy, B., and P. T. Spiller, (1999), The Institutional
Foundations of Regulatory Commitment: A
Comparative Analysis of Telecommunications
Regulation, Journal of Law, Economics and
Organisation, 10, 2, pp. 201-46.
 Stern, J., (1999), Regulatory Governance: Criteria
for Assessing the Performance of Regulatory
Systems: An Application to Infrastructure Industries
in the Developing Countries of Asia, Utilities Policy,
Volume 8, pp. 33-50.
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When Topic Notes
Week
7
7 Privatisation and
Corporatisation and
Financing of Infrastructure Lecture 7 Privatisation and Corporatisation and
Financing of Infrastructure
The lecture will cover corporatisation and
privatisation theory and practice for developed,
developing and transition economies. It will also
cover financing of infrastructure. 
Tutorial
 The tutorial will go over the second short
assignment.
Readings
 ACCC (2010), Evaluating Infrastructure Reforms,
Working paper 2, section 1, chapter 2, pp. 22-29. 
Maddock, R., (2013), Principles for Australian
Infrastructure Finance, Monash Business Policy
Forum, Monash University, Faculty of Business and
Economics.
Megginson. L., and J. M. Netter, (2001), From State
to Market: A Survey of Empirical Studies on
Privatisation, Journal of Economic Literature, Vol. 39,
No. 2, pp. 321-389.
Productivity Commission (2014), Public
Infrastructure, Draft Report, Volume 1, Chapter 3. 
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When Topic Notes
Week
8
8a Economic Regulation in
Developing Countries 8b
Regulation of Access in the
Telecommunications Sector
Lecture 8a Economic Regulation in Developing
Countries 
The lecture will cover issues and constraints
associated with economic regulation in developing
countries noting how institutional, human capital and
other economic constraints affect priorities and the
form of regulation. The main theoretical contribution 
is from Laffont. Empirical findings will be briefly
reviewed.
Readings
Estache, A., and L. Wren-Lewis (2010) On the
Theory and Evidence on Regulation of Network
Industries in Developing Counties in Baldwin et al
(2010).
Parker, D., and C. Kirkpatrick (2004), Infrastructure
Regulation: Models for Developing Asia, ADB
Institute.
Lecture 8b Regulation of Access in the
Telecommunications Sector
The telecommunications sector lecture will cover
theory and practice for regulation of access in the
telecommunications sector.
Readings
Tardiff, T., (2006), The Economics of Access and
Interconnection Charges in Telecommunications
Chapter 13 in Crew and Parker eds., International
Handbook on Economic Regulation, Edward Elger.
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When Topic Notes
Week
9
9 Regulation and Reform of
the Electricity Sector
Lecture 9 Regulation and Reform of the
Electricity Sector
The electricity sector lecture will cover theory and
practice for regulation and reform of the electricity
sector.
Tutorial
 The tutorial time will be spent hearing oral
presentations on the essay assignment.
Readings
Joskow, P., ( 2008 ) Electricity Sector Restructuring
and Competition in Eric Brousseau and Jean-Michel
Glachant the Economics of Contracts: Theories and
Applications.
 Kessides, I., (2004), Reforming Infrastructure
Privatization, Regulation, and Competition,
a co-publication of the World Bank and Oxford
University Press - Chapter 3, Restructuring
Electricity.
Klein, M., (1998) Network Industries in, Competition
in Regulated Industries. Oxford University Press.
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When Topic Notes
Week
10
10a Regulation of the
Transport Sector 10b
Regulation of the Water
Sector
10a Transport
The transport sector lecture will provide a broad
overview of principles and experience with respect to
regulation in of the transport sector. It will then
separately consider airport regulation in Australia.
Tutorial
 The tutorial time will be spent hearing oral
presentations on the essay assignment.
Readings
ACCC (2011), Submission to the Productivity
Commission’s inquiry into the economic regulation of
airport services.
Biggar (2011), Why Regulate Airports: A
Re-Examination of the Rationale for Airport
Regulation, Submission to the Productivity
Commission Inquiry into the Economic Regulation of
Airport Services.
Littlechild, S., (2009), Australian Airport Regulation.
Productivity Commission (2011), Economic
Regulation of Airport Services. Inquiry Report No. 57.
Savage, I., (2006), Economic Regulation of transport,
principles and experience, Chapter 16 in Crew and
Parker eds., International Handbook on Economic
Regulation, Edward Elger.
10b Water
 The water sector lecture will consider the rationale
for regulation of the water sector and the scope for
competition. It will then consider various issues in
relation to regulation and reform of urban water in
Australia.
Readings
Balance, T., and A. Taylor (2005), Competition and
Economic Regulation in Water: the Future of the
European Water Industry, IWA, London, Chapter 2.
Frontier Economics, (2011), Efficient water resource
pricing in Australia: an assessment of administered
scarcity pricing in urban areas, report for Australian
Government National Water Commission.
Productivity Commission (2008), Towards Urban
Water Reform: A Discussion Paper.
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MATERIALS
ASSESSMENT OVERVIEW
See weekly assigned readings.
Summary
Type Weight Learning Outcome Notes
One basic
problem-
oriented
assignment.
One short
explanation type
assignment
covering several
questions.
5% for
problem
assignment,
10% for
explanation
assignment
Understanding basic
economic concepts
for the course for
assignment 1 and
more involved
concepts for
assignment 2
Maximum of 10
pages for
problem
assignment due
at end of week
4 (14 August
2015)
Maximum of 12
pages for
explanation
type assignment
due at end of
week 6 (28
August 2015)
Essay 30% Demonstrate ability to
research a relevant
topic and explain it
clearly
Approximately
4000 words due
by 12 October
2015
Final exam 55% Compulsory questions
will test analytical
ability and
understanding on key
topics and essay
question will test more
comprehensive
understanding of a
topicger question
Final exam – 1
essay
worth 40 per
cent and 3
compulsory
questions worth
20 per cent
each.
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ASSESSMENT ITEMS
Grading Scale
According to the ANU policy on assessment (https://policies.anu.edu.au/ppl/document
/ANUP_004603 (https://policies.anu.edu.au/ppl/document/ANUP_004603)), the standards
that apply to High Distinction, Distinction, Credit and Pass in all coursework courses are as
follows:
Grade Range Notes
HD 80-100% Work of exceptional quality, which demonstrates
comprehensive understanding of the subject matter, mastery of
relevant skills, sophisticated or original critical and conceptual
analysis, and outstanding quality in clarity, precision and
presentation of work.
D 70-79% Work of superior quality, which demonstrates athorough
knowledge and understanding of the subject matter, proficiency
in relevant skills, and analytical and conceptual ability of a high
order.
C 60-69% Work of good quality, which displays a good understanding of
the subject matter and a sound grasp of relevant skills.
P 50-59% Work of satisfactory quality, which displays an adequate
understanding of most of the subject matter and a sufficient
grasp of relevant skills.
N 0-49% Work which is incomplete or displays an inadequate
understanding of the subject matter or an inadequate grasp of
relevant skills.
The basic problem-oriented assignments and essay topics will be provided at the first lecture.
The two short basic problem-oriented assignments are to ensure that students understand some
basic microeconomic concepts. They are technical in nature but quite basic.
The marking criteria for the short assignments are technical correctness and clarity in presentation.
There will be considerable choice for the essay assignment. Questions will include some aspect of
reform or regulation for infrastructure businesses or a survey-oriented topic. Students will need to
identify relevant literature and make use of it in preparing the essay assignment.
The focus of the final examination will be on material given emphasis in the lectures.
For the final exam there will be considerable choice for the essay question. The essay choice will
relate to key topics emphasised in lectures but not topics or aspects of regulation directly addressed
in the assignment essay. It is suggested that you choose several key topics covered in the lectures
and study the extra readings provided with the written lecture notes to prepare well for the final exam
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DETAILED COURSE INFORMATION
COURSE EXPECTATIONS
essay.
 The three compulsory questions in the final exam will require an explanation of key concepts or
issues or policies in relation to economic regulation. There will be limited choice for the compulsory
questions.
 The marking criteria for the compulsory questions are technical correctness, completeness of
response and clarity in presentation.
 In assessing the assignment essay and the final exam essay the following criteria will be used:
 1. Relevance to the question. 
 2. Logic of structure.
 3. Soundness and clarity of argument.
 4. Depth and substance of the argument. 
 5. Familiarity with the relevant literature. 
 6. Accuracy and comprehensivenes in representing reference material. 
 7. Independence of thought. 
 8. Clear and correct English expression, including correct spelling, grammar and punctuation. 
 9. Appropriate notes and proper referencing. 
 10. No plagiarism.
exam
See above
assignment
See above
Wattle
All courses at the Crawford School use the ANU’s online learning environment, Wattle. Each
course will have its own unique Wattle site, which is accessible only to staff and students
enrolled in that course. Lecturers use Wattle in different ways, which may include lecture
recordings, lecture notes, further reading suggestions, and discussions on their course
Wattle sites.
You will also have access to the Crawford Main Wattle (http://wattlecourses.anu.edu.au
/course/view.php?id=4403) site which contains Crawford School policies and resources to
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support your study, including The Crawford Style Guide, past course outlines and academic
skills resources.
For help with Wattle, click here (https://wattle.anu.edu.au/help.php).
Referencing and formatting requirements
Students are required to reference all words/ideas and opinions of others, using The
Crawford Style Guide (http://wattlecourses.anu.edu.au/pluginfile.php/184771/mod_resource
/content/4/Style_Guide_2015%20complete.pdf) (a Harvard in-text referencing style). Details
of this style can be found in The Crawford Style Guide (http://wattlecourses.anu.edu.au
/pluginfile.php/184771/mod_resource/content/4/Style_Guide_2015%20complete.pdf),
available in hard copy from Academic Skills Advisors and online in the Crawford Main Wattle
(http://wattlecourses.anu.edu.au/course/view.php?id=4403) site.
Assignments should conform to the formatting instructions provided in The Crawford Style
Guide (http://wattlecourses.anu.edu.au/pluginfile.php/184771/mod_resource/content
/4/Style_Guide_2015%20complete.pdf). To make this easier, a template in the form of a
Microsoft Word document set up with the appropriate margins, font, line and paragraph
spacing can be downloaded from here (http://wattlecourses.anu.edu.au/mod/page
/view.php?id=577598).
Assignment submission
For all written work:
Ensure your assignment complies with The Crawford Style Guide
(http://wattlecourses.anu.edu.au/pluginfile.php/184771/mod_resource/content
/4/Style_Guide_2015%20complete.pdf).
1. 
Assignments should be submitted via the Course Wattle site.2. 
Assessment items are submitted online through Turnitin as part of Wattle online
submission. For additional information regarding Turnitin please visit the ANU
Online website (http://online.anu.edu.au/help_support/turnitin).
* Please note: From Semester 2 2014, Turnitin is integrated with the Wattle
Submission. Separate submission is no longer required.
3. 
The Academic Skills team (http://wattlecourses.anu.edu.au/course
/view.php?id=7809) can also help you with using Turnitin effectively, through
workshops and individual consultation.
4. 
Course Convenors will contact you about return of marked assignments. 5. 
Extensions and Late Submissions
Extensions can only be given by the course convenor. Appropriate documentation must be
provided. Requests for extensions must be made before the due date of submission.
Please see the ANU Policy - Student Assessment Procedure (Coursework)
(https://policies.anu.edu.au/ppl/document/ANUP_004604) for further information.
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Late submission, without approved extension, will incur a penalty of five per cent of the
possible marks available for the assessment task per working day or part thereof.
Please see the ANU Policy - Student Assessment Procedure (Coursework)
(https://policies.anu.edu.au/ppl/document/ANUP_004604) for further information.
Student responsibilty
a. Student feedback
on and formal evaluation of subject All courses will be evaluated using the Student
Experience of Learning and Teaching surveys, administered by Statistical Services at the
ANU. These surveys will be offered online, and students will be notified by email to their
ANU address when the surveys are available in each course. Feedback is used for course
development so please take the time to respond thoughtfully.
b. Enrolment
It is the student’s responsibility to ensure that they are correctly enrolled in each subject and
that the subjects are correct for their course of study. Students should confirm their subject
enrolment details online, and carefully check the census date for each course to enable
course changes without penalty.
c. Attendance
Regular attendance at lectures, seminars and tutorials is expected.
d. Email
All information updates from the program and the School, and most University
communication is made through email using the ANU student email address, which is
studentnumber@anu.edu.au (eg u1234567@anu.edu.au )
Lecturers use the news forum in Wattle to make announcements to the whole class, and
these messages are sent to yourANU email account. You can choose to receive these
Wattle messages singly or as a daily digest (the default setting).
You must regularly access messages sent to your ANU email account. If you wish to
forward your ANU email to another address please go to http://itservices.anu.edu.au
/email/forwarding-your-email/. (http://online.anu.edu.au/help_support/turnitin)
Announcements made through email and on the Wattle course site are deemed to be made
to the whole class.
Understand key issues and problems with respect to regulation, governance and policies in
relation to economic regulation of infrastructure businesses. 
Understand and be able to apply and explain key principles, concepts and tools relevant to
the economic regulation of infrastructure businesses and understand underlying
assumptions and limitations of the applications.
Be able to analyse and explain different government policies for regulation and reform of
infrastructure businesses.
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ANU POLICIES ANU has educational policies, procedures and guidelines, which aredesigned to ensure that staff and students are aware of the University’s
academic standards, and implement them. You can find the University’s
education policies and an explanatory glossary at: http://policies.anu.edu.au/
(http://policies.anu.edu.au/)
Students are expected to have read the Academic Misconduct Rules (http://www.comlaw.gov.au
/Details/F2014L01785) before the commencement of their course.
Key policies include:
Student Assessment (Coursework) (https://policies.anu.edu.au/ppl/document
/ANUP_004603)
Student Surveys and Evaluations Policy (https://policies.anu.edu.au/ppl/document
/ANUP_004601)
Academic Integrity
It is the responsibility of each individual student to ensure that:
you are familiar with ANU policy for academic integrity 
work submitted for assessment is original 
appropriate acknowledgement and citation is given to the work of others 
you declare your understanding of, and compliance with, the principle of
academic integrity when submitting assessment items 
For information on academic honesty and integrity please refer to
http://academichonesty.anu.edu.au/ (http://academichonesty.anu.edu.au/)
Support for Students
The University offers a number of support services for students. Information on these is
available online from http://www.anu.edu.au/students/services (http://www.anu.edu.au
/students/services) and http://students.anu.edu.au/studentlife/ (http://students.anu.edu.au
/studentlife/)
Library
Information about the library can be found at http://anulib.anu.edu.au
(http://anulib.anu.edu.au).
(http://anulib.anu.edu.au)Opening hours can be accessed
at http://anulib.anu.edu.au/using-the-library/opening-hours/
(http://anulib.anu.edu.au/using-the-library/opening-hours/).
(http://anulib.anu.edu.au/about/open/)For free courses in Information Skills and
Computer Skills see http://ilp.anu.edu.au (http://ilp.anu.edu.au)/.
Student Appeals and Complaints
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If you are concerned about a mark that you have been awarded you should approach the
course convener to discuss the reasons for the mark being awarded. 
Beyond this, you have the right to seek a review of your final result in a course. However,
you should first raise any questions or concerns about the overall result of a course with
your course convener. See the ANU College of Asia and the Pacific policy on assessment
review and appeals for guidance: http://asiapacific.anu.edu.au/students/student-centre
/appeals-and-complaints (http://asiapacific.anu.edu.au/students/student-centre/appeals-
and-complaints)
Student Feedback
ANU is committed to the demonstration of educational excellence and regularly seeks
feedback from students. One of the key formal ways students have to provide feedback is
through Student Experience of Learning Support (SELS) surveys. The feedback given in
these surveys is anonymous and provides the Colleges, University Education Committee
and Academic Board with opportunities to recognise excellent teaching, and opportunities
for improvement.
For more information on student surveys at ANU and reports on the feedback provided on
ANU courses, go to http://unistats.anu.edu.au/surveys/selt/students/
(http://unistats.anu.edu.au/surveys/selt/students/) and http://unistats.anu.edu.au/surveys
/selt/results/learning/ (http://unistats.anu.edu.au/surveys/selt/results/learning/).
Crawford Student Services
The Crawford Student Services Office is located at the lower entrance of the JG Crawford
building, Level 1, and is open between 9.00am and 5.00pm Monday to Friday.
Academic Skills Advisers can be contacted via the Crawford Academic Skills Wattle site
http://wattlearchive.anu.edu.au/course/view.php?id=1985 (http://wattlearchive.anu.edu.au
/course/view.php?id=1985)
Assessment Requirements
The ANU is using Turnitin to enhance student citation and referencing techniques, and to
assess assignment submissions as a component of the University's approach to managing
Academic Integrity. For additional information regarding Turnitin please visit the ANU Online
(http://online.anu.edu.au/turnitin) website.
Students may choose not to submit assessment items through Turnitin. In this instance you
will be required to submit, alongside the assessment item itself, copies of all references
included in the assessment item.
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