Cap 1 Guia de Estudo

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Amabis e Martho
Biologia das Células 1
Guia de Estudo
Capítulo 1
Quando surgiu a palavra Biologia e qual é seu significado literal?
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Por que se considera que a Biologia não existia como ciência até o final do século XVIII, se animais e plantas eram estudados desde a mais remota antiguidade?
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Por que o fato de a ciência do século XVIII admitir a geração espontânea constitui uma evidência de que não havia, na época, um conceito bem estabelecido de vida?
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Em que a matéria constituinte dos seres vivos difere da que constitui os seres inanimados?
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Enumere os principais elementos químicos constituintes da matéria viva.
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Qual é a principal característica das substâncias orgânicas? Quais as principais substâncias orgânicas dos seres vivos? 
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Por que a célula é considerada a unidade fundamental da vida?
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Em que diferem células procarióticas e células eucarióticas?
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Que característica fundamental diferencia o vírus de todas as outras formas de vida?
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Por que a maioria dos biólogos considera os vírus seres vivos, apesar de eles não serem formados por células?
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Como são classificados os seres vivos quanto ao número de células que constituem?
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O que é metabolismo?
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Defina anabolismo e catabolismo.
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Por que o crescimento é considerado uma característica da vida se certos minerais também podem aumentar de tamanho?
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Defina reprodução.
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Caracterize os dois tipos básicos de reprodução dos seres vivos.
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Defina hereditariedade.
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Defina material genético.
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Conceitue variabilidade genética.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Conceitue seleção natural
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O que é adaptação?
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Conceitue evolução biológica.
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Redija uma definição de vida.
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Liste, em ordem crescente de complexidade, desde os átomos, os níveis de organização da vida. 
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Defina tecido.
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O que são órgãos e sistemas?
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Conceitue população biológica.
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Conceitue comunidade biológica (ou biocenose)
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O que é ecossistema?
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Conceitue biosfera.
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Defina Ecologia.
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O que é Engenharia Genética?
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O que são organismos transgênicos.
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Explique a comparação feita por Einstein de que o trabalho dos cientistas assemelha-se ao dos detetives.
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O que é uma hipótese em ciência? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Por que o procedimento básico em ciência é chamado método hipotético-dedutivo?
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Enumere os passos principais do procedimento básico em ciência, conhecido como método científico.
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O que é uma teoria em ciência?
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O que é tecnologia?
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