Microcontrollers

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Microcontrollers 
Larissa Brito
Neusa Gomes
Yarin Monteiro
Erasmus 2017/2018
Teacher: GAITAN Vasile
Introduction
 	Access control systems have been developed to help companies control the physical access of people within their premises. Access control uses different technologies for this purpose. Among them: approach card, biometry or password. After the user interacts with the equipment, several credentials are checked, for example: permissions in areas, authorized schedules among others. Usually the equipment used in access control are: door controllers, ratchets, gates and turnstiles. 
Access control software allows you to report, manage credentials, view all occurrences in and out of controlled areas online, track visitors, and more. Through this system it is also possible to control routes and access zones within the establishment, as well as integrate solutions of monitoring cameras, alarm and fire. With the passage of time, the use of access control systems by companies, condominiums and residences is becoming more and more frequent due to the great incidence inside the establishments. In security, especially physical security, the term access control is a reference to the practice of allowing access to a property, building, or room, only to authorized persons. Physical access control can be obtained through people (a guard, security or receptionist); through mechanical means such as locks and keys; or through other technological means, such as card-based access systems.
Most electronic devices you use today have a microcontroller at their core. Microcontrollers are optimized for control of general input and output. They’re generally less computationally capable than the processors used in multimedia computers or servers, for example. They require less power than those other processors, and they’re easier to interface with the physical world through input circuits called sensors and output circuits called actuators. They can communicate with other processors through various communication interfaces
Microcontrollers
 	Microcontroller is a special type of integrated circuit because it comes with the possibility of being programmed to perform specific tasks.
Some development kits have a variety of hardware to use with the microcontroller, with LED display, buttons, lights, motor starter, sensors and a huge infinity.
You can program your microcontroller so that by pressing a button on the keyboard it is displayed on the display device. That is, you docked the keyboard and display, and programmed the microcontroller to do that task.
And the microcontroller is a small computer on a single integrated circuit. In modern terminology, it is similar to, but less sophisticated than, a system on a chip or SoC; an SoC may include a microcontroller as one of its components. A microcontroller contains one or more CPUs (processor cores) along with memory and programmable input/output peripherals.
 Program memory in the form of ferroelectric RAM, NOR flash or OTP ROM is also often included on chip, as well as a small amount of RAM. Microcontrollers are designed for embedded applications, in contrast to the microprocessors used in personal computers or other general-purpose applications consisting of various discrete chips.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microcontroller 
What is a Microcontroller? 
	Microcontroller is a special type of integrated circuit because it comes with the possibility of being programmed to perform specific tasks.
Some development kits have a variety of hardware for use with the microcontroller, with LED display, buttons, lights, motor starter, sensors and a gigantic infinity
	You can program your microcontroller so that by pressing a button on the keyboard it is displayed on the display device. That is, you docked the keyboard and display, and programmed the microcontroller to do this task
Maybe you wanted to enter two numbers on the keyboard, show the sum, and other math operations, then you would have a calculator.
	You can also use the keyboard and laser devices, and program the microcontroller to send, via the laser, information about which button was pressed and so make your own remote control.
How about buying a bluetooth temperature and hardware sensor?
So program your microcontroller (which will stay in your house), to shoot and send a signal via bluetooth to your cell phone in case your house temperature reaches a certain value, and then you have created a fire alarm
http://www.eletronicaprogressiva.net/2014/08/Microcontroladores-O-que-sao-Para-que-servem-Onde-sao-usados.html 
Types of Microcontrolleres
ADK
	Hardware developed by the Google patent, the name ADK without abbreviation means: Accessory Development Kit, where the main goal is to create accessories to complement Android phones, where you can have access to more diverse functionalities of the mobile operating system with a unique hardware platform;
This microcontroller was based on the Arduino board, usually contains 64 led pins, and a watch.
The Arduino
	The arduino board was developed in Europe, is a board that enables the developer to create a free and unique electronic protyping of hardware. The arduino boards have been designed with an atmel AVR microcontroller, this board have built-in input and output control, and uses a standard programming language. It is famous in communities for having a low cost, stands out for being simple to use, it may be possible that even designers and amateurs can create great works.
	The arduino project started in Ivrea, Italy in the year 2005. The idea was to create an easily operable technology for school work, in order to have a lower cost integrated system. The hardware consists of an 8-bit operability, which is good for incorporating other types of hardware.
Raspberry Pi
	Raspberry is a credit card-sized, processable unit that can be connected to an HDMI-compatible monitor or TV, is an integrated single-board hardware, Raspberry's main idea is to teach computing and similar science through computing real. It is possible to work with integrated peripherals the board, which is composed of a system on chip, model that includes an armor processor of 700mgz, GPU Video Core IV, and 512 GB of ram memory.
http://maxdesign.com.br/letras-em-mdf/conheca-os-tipos-de-microcontroladores/