<div id="pf1" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="1"><div class="pc pc1 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/c1452b26-930e-4d99-8c60-1bb021405320/bg1.png"><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 lse wsb">ELETRICIDADE BÁSICA </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y2 ff1 fs1 fc1 sc0 lse wsb">PROF. LEÔNIDAS MELO<span class="_0 blank"></span> </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y3 ff1 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div><div class="t m2 x1 h4 y4 ff1 fs2 fc0 sc0 lse wsb">Princípios de corrent<span class="_0 blank"></span>e alternada </div><div class="c x1 y5 w2 h5"><div class="t m1 x2 h3 y6 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">Considere <span class="_1 blank"> </span>o <span class="_1 blank"> </span>enrolamento <span class="_1 blank"> </span>de <span class="_1 blank"> </span>área </div></div><div class="c x3 y5 w3 h5"><div class="t m1 x2 h6 y6 ff3 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">S</div></div><div class="c x4 y5 w4 h5"><div class="t m1 x2 h3 y6 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">, <span class="_1 blank"> </span>em <span class="_2 blank"> </span>[m</div></div><div class="c x5 y7 w5 h7"><div class="t m3 x2 h8 y8 ff2 fs3 fc2 sc0 lse">2</div></div><div class="c x6 y5 w6 h5"><div class="t m1 x2 h3 y6 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">], </div></div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y9 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">formado <span class="_1 blank"> </span>por <span class="_1 blank"> </span><span class="ff3 ws0">N</span> <span class="_3 blank"> </span>espiras, <span class="_1 blank"> </span>imerso <span class="_3 blank"> </span>em <span class="_1 blank"> </span>um <span class="_3 blank"> </span>campo </div><div class="t m1 x1 h9 ya ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">magnético <span class="_4 blank"> </span><span class="ff4">\ue001</span></div><div class="t m1 x7 h9 yb ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue002</div><div class="c x8 yc w7 ha"><div class="t m1 x9 h9 yd ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue003</div></div><div class="t m1 xa h3 ya ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">, <span class="_4 blank"> </span>em <span class="_4 blank"> </span>[Wb/m</div><div class="t m3 xb h8 ye ff2 fs3 fc2 sc0 lse">2</div><div class="t m1 xc h3 ya ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">], <span class="_4 blank"> </span>perpendicular <span class="_4 blank"> </span>ao </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 yf ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">eixo de rotação. </div><div class="t m3 xd h8 y10 ff2 fs3 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div><div class="t m1 x1 h9 y11 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">O <span class="_3 blank"> </span>plano <span class="_5 blank"> </span>S <span class="_5 blank"> </span>forma <span class="_5 blank"> </span>um <span class="_5 blank"> </span>ângulo <span class="_5 blank"> </span><span class="ff4 ls0">\ue004</span> <span class="_3 blank"> </span>em <span class="_5 blank"> </span>[rad] <span class="_5 blank"> </span>com <span class="_5 blank"> </span>o </div><div class="t m1 x1 h9 y12 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">vetor <span class="ff4">\ue001</span></div><div class="t m1 xe h9 y13 ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue002</div><div class="c xf y14 w7 ha"><div class="t m1 x9 h9 y15 ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue003</div></div><div class="t m1 x10 h3 y12 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">. </div><div class="t m1 x1 h9 y16 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">A expressão do fluxo em<span class="_0 blank"></span> função de <span class="ff4 ls1">\ue005</span> é: </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y17 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 ls2 wsb"> <span class="ff4 ls3 v1">\ue006<span class="lse ws1 v2">\ue007</span><span class="ls1">\ue005<span class="ls4 v2">\ue008</span><span class="lse ws2">\ue009<span class="_4 blank"> </span>\ue001<span class="_6 blank"> </span>\ue00a \ue00b\ue00a \ue00c\ue00d\ue00e<span class="_6 blank"> </span>\ue00f\ue007\ue005\ue008</span></span></span></div><div class="t m3 x11 h8 y18 ff2 fs3 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y19 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y1a ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">Como </div><div class="c x12 y1b w8 hb"><div class="t m1 x2 h9 y1c ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue005</div></div><div class="c x13 y1b w9 hb"><div class="t m1 x2 h9 y1c ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue009</div></div><div class="c x0 y1b wa hc"><div class="t m4 x2 hd y1d ff4 fs4 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue010</div></div><div class="c x0 y1b wb he"><div class="t m4 x2 hd y1e ff4 fs4 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue011</div></div><div class="c x8 y1b w9 hb"><div class="t m1 x2 h9 y1c ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue012</div></div><div class="c x14 y1b wc hb"><div class="t m1 x2 h9 y1c ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue004</div></div><div class="t m1 x15 h3 y1a ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">, temos: </div><div class="t m1 x16 h3 y1f ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y20 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div><div class="t m1 x17 hf y21 ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 ls5">\ue006<span class="lse ws1 v2">\ue007</span><span class="ls6">\ue004<span class="ls4 v2">\ue008</span><span class="lse ws2">\ue009<span class="_4 blank"> </span>\ue001<span class="_6 blank"> </span>\ue00a \ue00b\ue00a \ue00c\ue00d\ue00e \ue013<span class="v3">\ue014</span></span></span></div><div class="t m1 x18 h10 y22 ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 ls7">\ue015<span class="lse ws3 v4">\ue012<span class="_7 blank"> </span>\ue004 \ue016<span class="_4 blank"> </span>\ue009<span class="_4 blank"> </span>\ue017 \ue001\ue00a<span class="_1 blank"> </span>\ue00b \ue00a<span class="_1 blank"> </span>\ue018\ue019\ue01a\ue007\ue004 \ue008</span></div><div class="t m3 x19 h8 y23 ff2 fs3 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div><div class="t m1 x1 h9 y24 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">Como <span class="ff4 ws4">\ue004<span class="_8 blank"> </span>\ue009<span class="_4 blank"> </span>\ue01b\ue01c </span>, podemos escrever a expressão<span class="_0 blank"></span> do fluxo da segui<span class="_0 blank"></span>nte forma: </div><div class="t m1 x1a h11 y25 ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 ls3">\ue006<span class="lse ws1 v2">\ue007</span><span class="ls8">\ue01c<span class="ls9 v2">\ue008</span><span class="lse ws2">\ue009<span class="_4 blank"> </span>\ue017\ue001<span class="_6 blank"> </span>\ue00a \ue00b\ue00a \ue018\ue019\ue01a\ue007\ue01b\ue01c<span class="_6 blank"> </span>\ue008<span class="ff2 wsb"> </span></span></span></div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y26 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">De acordo com Lei de<span class="_0 blank"></span> Lens, o movimento da<span class="_0 blank"></span> espira imersa no campo<span class="_0 blank"></span> magnético indu<span class="_0 blank"></span>z uma </div><div class="t m1 x1 h9 y27 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">tensão <span class="ff4 lsa">\ue01d</span>, dada por<span class="_0 blank"></span> </div><div class="t m1 x1b h12 y28 ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lsa">\ue01d<span class="lse ws1 v2">\ue007</span><span class="ls8">\ue01c<span class="ls9 v2">\ue008</span><span class="lse ws5">\ue009<span class="_4 blank"> </span>\ue017\ue01e <span class="ws1 v3">\ue01f\ue006<span class="_6 blank"> </span><span class="v2">\ue007</span></span></span><span class="v3">\ue01c</span><span class="lse v5">\ue008</span></span></div><div class="t m1 x1c h10 y29 ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse ws6">\ue01f\ue01c <span class="lsb v4">\ue020</span><span class="ff2 wsb v4"> </span></div><div class="t m1 x1 h11 y2a ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">Substituindo <span class="ff4 ls3">\ue006<span class="lse ws1 v2">\ue007</span><span class="ls8">\ue01c<span class="lse ws1 v2">\ue008</span></span></span> na expressã<span class="_0 blank"></span>o acima temos: </div><div class="t m1 x1d h12 y2b ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lsc">\ue01d<span class="lse ws1 v2">\ue007</span><span class="ls8">\ue01c<span class="ls9 v2">\ue008</span><span class="lse ws7">\ue009<span class="_4 blank"> </span>\ue017\ue01e <span class="ws2 v3">\ue01f<span class="_6 blank"> </span>\ue021\ue017\ue001<span class="_6 blank"></span>\ue00a \ue00b\ue00a \ue018\ue019\ue01a</span><span class="ws1 v5">\ue007<span class="v6">\ue01b<span class="_6 blank"></span>\ue01c</span>\ue008<span class="v6">\ue022</span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m1 x1e h10 y2c ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse ws8">\ue01f\ue01c <span class="ws2 v4">\ue009<span class="_4 blank"> </span>\ue017\ue01e\ue001\ue00b\ue01b<span class="_6 blank"></span>\ue00a \ue00c\ue00d\ue00e\ue00f\ue007\ue01b\ue01c\ue008<span class="ff2 wsb"> </span></span></div><div class="t m1 x1 h9 y2d ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">O termo <span class="ff4 ws1">\ue01e\ue001\ue00b\ue01b</span>, é uma constante,<span class="_0 blank"></span> que corresponde ao valor<span class="_0 blank"></span> máximo da tensão gerada, <span class="_0 blank"></span>que </div><div class="t m1 x1 h9 y2e ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">vamos denominar de <span class="ff3">Tens<span class="_0 blank"></span>ão de Pico<span class="ff2"> <span class="ff4">\ue023</span></span></span></div><div class="t m4 x1b hd y2f ff4 fs4 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue024</div><div class="t m1 x1f h3 y2e ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">. Portanto, </div><div class="t m1 x20 h9 y30 ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue023</div><div class="t m4 x21 hd y31 ff4 fs4 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue024</div><div class="t m1 x22 h11 y30 ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse ws9">\ue009 \ue01e\ue001\ue00b\ue01b\ue00f \ue025 \ue01d<span class="_6 blank"> </span><span class="ws1 v2">\ue007</span><span class="ls8">\ue01c<span class="ls9 v2">\ue008</span></span><span class="wsa">\ue009 \ue023</span></div><div class="t m4 x23 hd y31 ff4 fs4 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue024</div><div class="t m1 x5 h11 y30 ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse ws1">\ue00c\ue00d\ue00e<span class="v2">\ue007</span>\ue01b\ue01c<span class="lsd v2">\ue008</span>\ue020\ue00f\ue00d\ue026<span class="_6 blank"></span>\ue00f\ue01d<span class="v2">\ue007</span><span class="ls6">\ue004<span class="ls4 v2">\ue008</span></span><span class="wsa">\ue009 \ue023</span></div><div class="t m4 x24 hd y31 ff4 fs4 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue024</div><div class="t m1 x25 h11 y30 ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse ws1">\ue00c\ue00d\ue00e<span class="v2">\ue007</span><span class="ls6">\ue004</span><span class="v2">\ue008</span><span class="ff2 wsb"> </span></div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y32 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div> <div id="pf2" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="2"><div class="pc pc2 w0 h0"><img class="bi x26 y33 wd h13" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/c1452b26-930e-4d99-8c60-1bb021405320/bg2.png"><div class="t m1 x27 h3 y34 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y35 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y36 ff1 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">Parâmetros do sinal a<span class="_0 blank"></span>lternado </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y37 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> <span class="_9 blank"> </span>A <span class="_2 blank"> </span>tensão produ<span class="_0 blank"></span>zida <span class="_2 blank"> </span>nos terminais <span class="_1 blank"> </span>nos terminais <span class="_1 blank"> </span>da bobin<span class="_0 blank"></span>a, a<span class="_0 blank"></span>presentada <span class="_2 blank"> </span>no tópic<span class="_0 blank"></span>o </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y38 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">acima, é<span class="_6 blank"> </span> chamada <span class="_4 blank"> </span>de tensão <span class="_4 blank"> </span>alternada. Na <span class="_4 blank"> </span>tensão <span class="_4 blank"> </span>alternada a <span class="_4 blank"> </span>polaridade do <span class="_4 blank"> </span>sinal so<span class="_6 blank"> </span>fr<span class="_0 blank"></span>e </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y39 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">inversão a cada semi-cicl<span class="_0 blank"></span>o. </div><div class="c x1 y3a we h5"><div class="t m1 x2 h3 y3b ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">Conectando <span class="_a blank"> </span>uma <span class="_6 blank"> </span>carga <span class="_a blank"> </span>nos <span class="_a blank"> </span>terminais <span class="_a blank"> </span>do <span class="_a blank"> </span>sistema </div></div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y3c ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">surge uma corrente alter<span class="_0 blank"></span>nada com as mesmas<span class="_0 blank"></span> </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y3d ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">características da tensã<span class="_0 blank"></span>o. </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y3e ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">Um sinal <span class="_6 blank"> </span>alternad<span class="_0 blank"></span>o (te<span class="_6 blank"> </span>nsã<span class="_0 blank"></span>o ou c<span class="_6 blank"> </span>orrente) recebe a </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y3f ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">denominação <span class="_b blank"> </span>de <span class="_b blank"> </span>genéri<span class="_0 blank"></span>ca <span class="_b blank"> </span>de <span class="_b blank"> </span>CA <span class="_b blank"> </span>(Corrente </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y40 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">Alternada) ou AC (<span class="ff3">Alternat<span class="_0 blank"></span>e Currente<span class="ff2">). </span></span></div><div class="c x28 y41 wf h14"><div class="t m1 x2 h3 y42 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div></div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y43 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y44 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> <span class="_9 blank"> </span>Os <span class="_4 blank"> </span>sistemas <span class="_4 blank"> </span>elétricos <span class="_4 blank"> </span>que produzem <span class="_4 blank"> </span>um <span class="_4 blank"> </span>sinal <span class="_4 blank"> </span>CA <span class="_4 blank"> </span>por <span class="_4 blank"> </span>m<span class="_6 blank"> </span>eios e<span class="_6 blank"> </span>l<span class="_0 blank"></span>etromecânicos <span class="_4 blank"> </span>são<span class="_0 blank"></span> </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y45 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">chamados de <span class="ff3">Gerado<span class="_0 blank"></span>res CA <span class="ff2">ou </span><span class="ws0">Alternadore<span class="_0 blank"></span>s<span class="ff2 wsb">. </span></span></span></div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y46 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div><div class="t m1 x29 h3 y47 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y48 ff1 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">Período e Freqüência<span class="_0 blank"></span> </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y49 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> <span class="_9 blank"> </span>A forma de onda da tensã<span class="_0 blank"></span>o <span class="ff3 ws0">cossenoidal</span> pode ser<span class="_0 blank"></span> representada no domínio<span class="_0 blank"></span> temporal, </div><div class="t m1 x1 h11 y4a ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">isto é, <span class="ff4 lsc">\ue01d<span class="lse ws1 v2">\ue007</span><span class="ls8">\ue01c<span class="ls9 v2">\ue008</span><span class="lse ws9">\ue009 \ue023</span></span></span></div><div class="t m4 x14 hd y4b ff4 fs4 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue024</div><div class="t m1 xd h11 y4a ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse ws1">\ue00c\ue00d\ue00e<span class="v2">\ue007</span>\ue01b\ue01c<span class="v2">\ue008</span><span class="ff2 wsb"> e<span class="_6 blank"> </span> n<span class="_0 blank"></span>o domínio angular <span class="ff4 wsc">\ue00f\ue01d<span class="ws1 v2">\ue007</span><span class="ls6">\ue004<span class="ls4 v2">\ue008</span></span><span class="wsd">\ue009 \ue023</span></span></span></div><div class="t m4 x2a hd y4b ff4 fs4 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue024</div><div class="t m1 x2b h11 y4a ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse ws1">\ue00c\ue00d\ue00e<span class="v2">\ue007</span><span class="ls6">\ue004</span><span class="v2">\ue008</span><span class="ff2 wsb">. </span></div><div class="t m1 x1 h9 y4c ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> <span class="_9 blank"> </span>Um ciclo angular tem <span class="_0 blank"></span><span class="ff4 ws1">\ue015\ue014<span class="_6 blank"></span>\ue00f<span class="ff2 wsb">rad<span class="_0 blank"></span> ou 360°. </span></span></div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y4d ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">No domínio temporal, <span class="_0 blank"></span>o ciclo demora um período T, cu<span class="_0 blank"></span>ja unidade de medida é o <span class="_0 blank"></span>segundo [s]. </div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div> <div id="pf3" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="3"><div class="pc pc3 w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x1 y4e w10 h15" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/c1452b26-930e-4d99-8c60-1bb021405320/bg3.png"><div class="c x1 y4f w11 h5"><div class="t m1 x2 h3 y50 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">A <span class="_c blank"> </span>freqüência <span class="_c blank"> </span>angular </div></div><div class="c xb y51 w12 h16"><div class="t m1 x2 h9 y52 ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue01b</div></div><div class="c x2c y4f w13 h5"><div class="t m1 x2 h3 y50 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div></div><div class="c x2d y4f w14 h5"><div class="t m1 x2 h3 y50 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">corresponde <span class="_c blank"> </span>à<span class="_0 blank"></span> </div></div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y53 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">velocidade angular <span class="_6 blank"> </span>do enrolamento <span class="_6 blank"> </span>do <span class="_6 blank"> </span>gerad<span class="_0 blank"></span>or </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y54 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">e <span class="_4 blank"> </span>mede <span class="_4 blank"> </span>quanto <span class="_4 blank"> </span>radianos <span class="_4 blank"> </span>ele <span class="_4 blank"> </span>se <span class="_4 blank"> </span>desloca <span class="_8 blank"> </span>p<span class="_0 blank"></span>or </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y55 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">segundo, sua unidade d<span class="_0 blank"></span>e medida é [rad/s].<span class="_0 blank"></span> </div><div class="t m1 x1 h9 y56 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">A <span class="_4 blank"> </span>freqüência <span class="ff4 lsf">\ue027</span>, <span class="_4 blank"> </span>re<span class="_6 blank"> </span>presenta<span class="_0 blank"></span> <span class="_4 blank"> </span>a <span class="_4 blank"> </span>quantidade <span class="_4 blank"> </span>de </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y57 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">ciclos <span class="_5 blank"> </span>gerad<span class="_0 blank"></span>os <span class="_5 blank"> </span>por<span class="_0 blank"></span> <span class="_5 blank"> </span>segund<span class="_0 blank"></span>o, <span class="_5 blank"> </span>e <span class="_a blank"> </span>sua <span class="_5 blank"> </span>unidad<span class="_0 blank"></span>e <span class="_a blank"> </span>é<span class="_6 blank"> </span> <span class="_a blank"> </span>p </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y58 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">Hertz [Hz]. </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y59 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">As relações entre estes par<span class="_0 blank"></span>âmetros são: </div><div class="c x2e y5a w12 h17"><div class="t m1 x2 h9 y5b ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue01b</div></div><div class="c x2f y5a w9 h17"><div class="t m1 x2 h9 y5b ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue009</div></div><div class="c x30 y5a w15 h18"><div class="t m1 x2 h9 y5c ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue015</div></div><div class="c x31 y5a w8 h18"><div class="t m1 x2 h9 y5c ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue014</div></div><div class="c x32 y5a w8 h19"><div class="t m1 x2 h9 y5d ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue028</div></div><div class="c x33 y5a w16 h17"><div class="t m1 x2 h9 y5b ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue00f</div></div><div class="c x15 y5a w16 h17"><div class="t m1 x2 h9 y5b ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue00f</div></div><div class="c x34 y5a w16 h17"><div class="t m1 x2 h9 y5b ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue00f</div></div><div class="c x20 y5a w16 h17"><div class="t m1 x2 h9 y5b ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue00f</div></div><div class="c x35 y5a w16 h17"><div class="t m1 x2 h9 y5b ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue00f</div></div><div class="c x36 y5a w16 h17"><div class="t m1 x2 h9 y5b ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue00f</div></div><div class="c x37 y5a w16 h17"><div class="t m1 x2 h9 y5b ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue00f</div></div><div class="c x38 y5a wc h17"><div class="t m1 x2 h9 y5b ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue027</div></div><div class="c x39 y5a w9 h17"><div class="t m1 x2 h9 y5b ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue009</div></div><div class="c x3a y5a w15 h18"><div class="t m1 x2 h9 y5c ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue029</div></div><div class="c x3a y5a w8 h19"><div class="t m1 x2 h9 y5d ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue028</div></div><div class="c xb y5a w16 h17"><div class="t m1 x2 h9 y5b ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue00f</div></div><div class="c x3b y5a w16 h17"><div class="t m1 x2 h9 y5b ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue00f</div></div><div class="c xc y5a w16 h17"><div class="t m1 x2 h9 y5b ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue00f</div></div><div class="c x3c y5a w16 h17"><div class="t m1 x2 h9 y5b ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue00f</div></div><div class="c x2c y5a w16 h17"><div class="t m1 x2 h9 y5b ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue00f</div></div><div class="c x3d y5a w16 h17"><div class="t m1 x2 h9 y5b ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue00f</div></div><div class="c x3e y5a w12 h17"><div class="t m1 x2 h9 y5b ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue01b</div></div><div class="c x3f y5a w9 h17"><div class="t m1 x2 h9 y5b ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue009</div></div><div class="c x40 y5a w15 h17"><div class="t m1 x2 h9 y5b ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue015</div></div><div class="c x41 y5a w17 h17"><div class="t m1 x2 h9 y5b ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse ws1">\ue014\ue027</div></div><div class="t m1 x1f h3 y5e ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div><div class="c x42 y5f w18 h1a"><div class="t m1 x2 h3 y60 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div></div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y61 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y62 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y63 ff1 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">Amplitudes caracterí<span class="_0 blank"></span>sticas do sinal alternado<span class="_0 blank"></span> </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y64 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">Um sinal CA (tensão ou <span class="_0 blank"></span>corrente) pode ser especificad<span class="_0 blank"></span>o em termos dos seguint<span class="_0 blank"></span>es parâmetros: </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y65 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div><div class="t m1 x43 h3 y66 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div><div class="t m1 x44 h3 y67 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div><div class="t m1 x1 h9 y68 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">Valor instantâneo: Tomad<span class="_0 blank"></span>o num determinad<span class="_0 blank"></span>o instante <span class="ff4">\ue01c</span></div><div class="t m4 x45 hd y69 ff4 fs4 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue02a</div><div class="t m1 x46 h3 y68 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">. </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y6a ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">Valor de Pico (V</div><div class="t m0 x47 h1b y6a ff2 fs5 fc2 sc0 lse">P</div><div class="t m1 x15 h3 y6a ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">): Amplitude máxima<span class="_0 blank"></span> positiva ou negativa.<span class="_0 blank"></span> </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y6b ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">Valor de Pico a Pico (V</div><div class="t m0 x39 h1b y6b ff2 fs5 fc2 sc0 lse wse">PP</div><div class="t m1 x48 h3 y6b ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">):Valor to<span class="_0 blank"></span>mado entre o ponto máxi<span class="_0 blank"></span>mo e mínimo do sinal. </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y6c ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">Valor <span class="_a blank"> </span>eficaz <span class="_a blank"> </span>ou <span class="_5 blank"> </span>R<span class="_0 blank"></span>MS <span class="_a blank"> </span>(V</div><div class="t m0 x49 h1b y6c ff2 fs5 fc2 sc0 lse wse">ef</div><div class="t m1 x3a h3 y6c ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">, <span class="_a blank"> </span>V</div><div class="t m0 xc h1b y6c ff2 fs5 fc2 sc0 lse wse">rms</div><div class="t m1 x4a h3 y6c ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">): <span class="_a blank"> </span>Co<span class="_6 blank"> </span>rr<span class="_0 blank"></span>esponde <span class="_a blank"> </span>ao <span class="_a blank"> </span>valor <span class="_a blank"> </span>de <span class="_5 blank"> </span>uma<span class="_0 blank"></span> <span class="_a blank"> </span>tensão <span class="_a blank"> </span>alternada <span class="_a blank"> </span>que, <span class="_5 blank"> </span>se <span class="_6 blank"> </span>fosse </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y6d ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">aplicada <span class="_a blank"> </span>a <span class="_a blank"> </span>um<span class="_6 blank"> </span>a<span class="_0 blank"></span> <span class="_a blank"> </span>resistência, <span class="_a blank"> </span>dissiparia <span class="_a blank"> </span>uma <span class="_5 blank"> </span>pot<span class="_0 blank"></span>encia <span class="_a blank"> </span>média <span class="_5 blank"> </span>de <span class="_6 blank"> </span>mesmo <span class="_a blank"> </span>valor <span class="_5 blank"> </span>numéric<span class="_0 blank"></span>o <span class="_5 blank"> </span>d<span class="_0 blank"></span>e <span class="_a blank"> </span>uma </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y6e ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">tensão contínua aplicada à <span class="_0 blank"></span>mesma resistência.<span class="_0 blank"></span> </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y6f ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">Definicão: </div><div class="t m1 x4b h9 y70 ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue023</div><div class="t m4 x4c hd y71 ff4 fs4 fc2 sc0 lse wsf">\ue02b\ue02c</div><div class="t m1 x4d hf y70 ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse ws10">\ue009<span class="_4 blank"> </span>\ue02d <span class="v3">\ue029</span></div><div class="t m1 x23 h10 y72 ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 ls10">\ue028<span class="lse ws11 v4">\ue02e<span class="_d blank"> </span>\ue01d\ue007\ue01c \ue008</span></div><div class="t m4 x4e hd y73 ff4 fs4 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue011</div><div class="t m1 x4f h9 y70 ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse ws1">\ue01f\ue01c</div><div class="t m4 x50 hd y74 ff4 fs4 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue02f</div><div class="t m4 x51 hd y75 ff4 fs4 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue030</div><div class="t m1 x52 h9 y70 ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse ws1">\ue031<span class="ff2 wsb"> </span></div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y76 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div><div class="t m1 x1 h9 y77 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">Seu valor pode ser obtid<span class="_0 blank"></span>o pela expressão: <span class="ff4">\ue023</span></div><div class="t m4 x53 hd y78 ff4 fs4 fc2 sc0 lse wsf">\ue02b\ue02c</div><div class="t m1 x6 h9 y77 ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue009</div><div class="t m4 x54 hd y79 ff4 fs4 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue032</div><div class="t m0 x55 h1c y7a ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue033</div><div class="t m4 x54 h1d y7b ff4 fs4 fc2 sc0 ls11">\ue034<span class="lse v2">\ue011</span></div><div class="t m1 x56 h3 y77 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">. </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y7c ff1 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div> <div id="pf4" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="4"><div class="pc pc4 w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x1 y7d w19 h1e" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/c1452b26-930e-4d99-8c60-1bb021405320/bg4.png"><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y7e ff1 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">Fase inicial de um sinal a<span class="_0 blank"></span>lternado </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y7f ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> <span class="_9 blank"> </span>Um sinal cossenoidal (tensão ou corrente) não precis<span class="_0 blank"></span>a ter, necessariamente, amplitude<span class="_0 blank"></span> </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y80 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">máxima <span class="_5 blank"> </span>no <span class="_a blank"> </span>instante <span class="_5 blank"> </span>t=0. <span class="_a blank"> </span>Ele <span class="_5 blank"> </span>pode <span class="_a blank"> </span>iniciar <span class="_5 blank"> </span>seu <span class="_a blank"> </span>ciclo <span class="_5 blank"> </span>adiantado <span class="_a blank"> </span>o<span class="_6 blank"> </span>u <span class="_a blank"> </span>atrasado <span class="_5 blank"> </span>d<span class="_0 blank"></span>e <span class="_5 blank"> </span>um <span class="_a blank"> </span>intervalo <span class="_5 blank"> </span>d<span class="_0 blank"></span>e </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y81 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">tempo <span class="_1 blank"> </span>\u0394t, <span class="_2 blank"> </span>ou <span class="_2 blank"> </span>de <span class="_1 blank"> </span>uma <span class="_2 blank"> </span>fase <span class="_1 blank"> </span>inicial <span class="_1 blank"> </span>\u03b8. <span class="_2 blank"> </span>As <span class="_2 blank"> </span>expressões <span class="_1 blank"> </span>gerais <span class="_1 blank"> </span>po<span class="_6 blank"> </span>de<span class="_0 blank"></span>m <span class="_2 blank"> </span>ser <span class="_1 blank"> </span>descritas <span class="_1 blank"> </span>da <span class="_2 blank"> </span>seguinte </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y82 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">forma: </div><div class="t m1 x57 h11 y83 ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lsa">\ue01d<span class="lse ws1 v2">\ue007</span><span class="ls8">\ue01c<span class="ls9 v2">\ue008</span><span class="lse ws9">\ue009 \ue023</span></span></div><div class="t m4 x3e hd y84 ff4 fs4 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue024</div><div class="t m1 x58 h11 y83 ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse ws1">\ue00c\ue00d\ue00e<span class="v2">\ue007</span><span class="ws12">\ue01b\ue01c<span class="_7 blank"> </span>\ue012 \ue004</span></div><div class="t m4 x59 hd y84 ff4 fs4 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue035</div><div class="t m1 x23 h9 y85 ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 ls12">\ue008<span class="lse ws13 v6">\ue00f\ue00f\ue00f\ue00f\ue036\ue00f\ue00f\ue00f\ue00f\ue037 </span><span class="lse ws1">\ue007<span class="ls8 v6">\ue01c</span><span class="ls9">\ue008</span><span class="wsa v6">\ue009 \ue038</span></span></div><div class="t m4 x5a hd y84 ff4 fs4 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue024</div><div class="t m1 x5b h11 y83 ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse ws1">\ue00c\ue00d\ue00e<span class="v2">\ue007</span><span class="ws14">\ue01b\ue01c \ue012 \ue004</span></div><div class="t m4 x29 hd y84 ff4 fs4 fc2 sc0 lse">\ue02a</div><div class="t m1 x5c h9 y85 ff4 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse ws1">\ue008<span class="ff2 wsb v6"> </span></div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y86 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div><div class="t m1 x5d h3 y87 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div><div class="t m1 x44 h3 y88 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div><div class="t m1 x5e h3 y89 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y8a ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y8b ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y8c ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> <span class="_9 blank"> </span>O <span class="_6 blank"> </span>diagrama <span class="_a blank"> </span>fasorial <span class="_6 blank"> </span>é <span class="_a blank"> </span>um <span class="_6 blank"> </span>\u201cretrato\u201d <span class="_6 blank"> </span>do <span class="_a blank"> </span>sinal <span class="_a blank"> </span>no <span class="_6 blank"> </span>instante <span class="_6 blank"> </span>inicial, <span class="_a blank"> </span>ele <span class="_6 blank"> </span>é <span class="_a blank"> </span>representado <span class="_6 blank"> </span>por </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y8d ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">um fasor de <span class="_6 blank"> </span>módulo igual ao v<span class="_6 blank"> </span>al<span class="_0 blank"></span>or eficaz do <span class="_6 blank"> </span>sinal representado, afastado de <span class="_6 blank"> </span>u<span class="_0 blank"></span>m ângulo de <span class="_6 blank"> </span>fas<span class="_0 blank"></span>e </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y8e ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">inicial e acrescido da info<span class="_0 blank"></span>rmação relativa a sua<span class="_0 blank"></span> velocidade angular. </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y8f ff1 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">Defasagem entre sinai<span class="_0 blank"></span>s alternado<span class="_0 blank"></span>s </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y90 ff1 fs1 fc2 sc0 ls13 wsb"> <span class="ff2 lse">É a diferença de fase entre<span class="_0 blank"></span> dois sinais de <span class="_0 blank"></span>mesma freqüência. </span></div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y91 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">Defasagem entre tensão<span class="_0 blank"></span> e corrente </div><div class="t m1 x1 h9 y92 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> <span class="_9 blank"> </span> A <span class="_6 blank"> </span>defasagem <span class="_6 blank"> </span>entre <span class="_6 blank"> </span>a <span class="_6 blank"> </span>tens<span class="_0 blank"></span>ão <span class="_6 blank"> </span>e <span class="_6 blank"> </span>a <span class="_6 blank"> </span>corrente <span class="_6 blank"> </span>é <span class="_6 blank"> </span>simb<span class="_0 blank"></span>olizada <span class="_6 blank"> </span>pela <span class="_6 blank"> </span>letra <span class="ff4 ls14">\ue039</span>, <span class="_a blank"> </span>tendo <span class="_6 blank"> </span>a <span class="_6 blank"> </span>corrente<span class="_0 blank"></span> </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y93 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">como referência. </div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div> <div id="pf5" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="5"><div class="pc pc5 w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x1 y94 w1a h1f" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/c1452b26-930e-4d99-8c60-1bb021405320/bg5.png"><div class="t m1 x5f h3 y95 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div><div class="t m1 x44 h3 y96 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div><div class="t m1 x5f h3 y97 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y98 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div><div class="t m1 x1 h3 y99 ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb">Defasagem de um sinal da <span class="_0 blank"></span>mesma grandeza <span class="_0 blank"></span> </div><div class="t m1 x1 h9 y9a ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> <span class="_9 blank"> </span>A defasagem de sinais da <span class="_0 blank"></span>mesma grandeza será<span class="_0 blank"></span> representada por <span class="ff4 ws1">\ue03a\ue03b<span class="_0 blank"></span><span class="ff2 wsb">. </span></span></div><div class="t m1 x60 h3 y9b ff2 fs1 fc2 sc0 lse wsb"> </div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>
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