INGLESA FONÉTICA E FONOLOGIA

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INGLESA FONÉTICA E FONOLOGIA
AULA 01
	 1a Questão
	
	
	
	In the word ENOUGH, what's the sound of 'OUGH'?
		
	 
	a) "OFF"
	
	b) "OW"
	
	c) "OH"
	 
	d)"UFF"
	
	e) "UP"
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve entender que um mesmo grupo de fonemas possui pronúncia diferente.
Em 'enough' o 'ough' tem som de 'uff'.
	
	 
	
	 2a Questão
	
	
	
	
	In which part of the United States can be found the most diferent accent?
		
	
	North
	
	West
	 
	South
	
	Northern
	
	East
	
Explicação:
SOUTHERN AMERICAN ENGLISH is a group of dialects of the English language spoken throughout the Southern region of the United States, from Southern and Eastern Maryland, West Virginia and Kentucky to the Gulf Coast, and from the Atlantic coast to most of Texas and Oklahoma.
 
This linguistic region includes Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Louisiana, and Arkansas, as well as most of Texas, Virginia, Oklahoma, Kentucky, and West Virginia. It also includes parts of southern and central Missouri, and parts of Florida and Maryland.
 
	
	 
	
	 3a Questão
	
	
	
	
	What´s Phonetics?
		
	
	Phonetics is the study of verbs in a text.
	
	Phonetics is the study of the new symbols of a language.
	
	Phonetics is the study of difficult sounds in English.
	
	Phonetics is the study of foreign words which are recognized by foreign speakers.
	 
	Phonetics is the study of a sound in speech.
	
Explicação:
Phonetics studies the sounds of a language.
For example in Portuguese there are 26 letters (agora com o Novo Acordo Ortográfico) and 31 phonemes
In English there are 26 letters and 36 phonemes. (24 consonant sounds, 12 vowel sounds), and 8 diphthongs.
	
	 
	
	 4a Questão
	
	
	
	
	How many graphemes are there in the following words: WAIT, WEATHER, EIGHT?
		
	
	b) 4, 5, 7
	 
	c) 4, 7, 5
	
	d) 4, 6, 4
	 
	a) 3, 6, 4
	
	e) 4, 6, 5
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber identificar o número de grafemas (letras) em uma palavra.
	
	 
	
	 5a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word has the same number of phonemes as in BEE?
		
	 
	d) pig
	 
	a) it
	
	c) takes
	
	e) I
	
	b) ship
	
Explicação:
BEE - 2 fonemas.
it - 2 fonemas
ship - 3 fonemas
takes - 4 fonemas
pig - 3 fonemas
I - 1 fonema
 
	
	 
	
	 6a Questão
	
	
	
	
	We can say that phonemes in English
		
	
	are always equal.
	
	can be represented by silent letters.
	
	are represented by only six letters.
	 
	can be represented by more than one letter.
	
	always have nasal consonants.
	
Explicação:
 É importante que os alunos de Fonética pensem que é muito melhor considerarem a pronúncia da língua inglesa em termos de fonemas e não somente de letras.
The English sound system has 44 phonemes or basic sounds.
Twenty-five of these sounds are consonant phonemes. 
Nineteen of these sounds are vowel phonemes.
The English alphabet has 26 graphemes or basic symbols.
Five of these represent vowels--a  e  i  o  u (and sometimes y). 
The other 19 letters are consonant symbols.
 
	
	 
	
	 7a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Complete the following  sentence with the appropriate pair of words: Phonology focus on how patterns in both -----------------------and ----------------------------communication are created and interpreted.
		
	
	written / virtual
	
	verbal / formal
	 
	written / specific
	
	speech / real
	 
	speech / non-verbal
	
Explicação:
 É importante salientar que a Fonologia se relaciona com a cultura e a comunicação.
	
	 
	
	 8a Questão
	
	
	
	
	How many phonemes are there in the words OPEN, START, OVERT, BEGIN?
		
	
	a) 4 - 5 - 5 - 4
	 
	b) 3 - 5 - 5 - 4
	 
	c) 4 - 5 - 5 - 5
	
	d) 3 - 5 - 5 - 5
	
	e) 3 - 5 - 5 - 3
	1a Questão
	
	
	
	Which word has the same number of phonemes as in SHIP?
		
	
	a) it
	 
	d) pig
	
	e) I
	
	c) takes
	
	b) bee
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber identificar o número de fonemas em uma palavra. 
ship - 3 fonemas
it - 2 fonemas
bee - 2 fonemas
takes - 4 fonemas
pig - 3 fonemas
I - 1 fonema
	
	
	 
	
	 2a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Complete the following sentence: One of the reasons because English spelling is so irregular is that before the ---------------------------came along, there was a lot of flexibility in it.
		
	 
	concept of global language
	 
	printing press
	
	Canadian soldiers
	
	international trading
	
	second world war
	
Explicação:
Before the printing press came along, there was a lot of flexibility in English spelling. Look at some of the ways beauty used to be spelled: bealte, buute, beuaute, bewtee, bewte, beaute, beaultye. People did their own thing, trying their best to match up tradition with current pronunciation. But after the printing press came to England in the late 1400s, texts could be spread more widely, and printers started to standardize spelling.
	
	 
	
	 3a Questão
	
	
	
	
	In the word COUGH, what's the sound of 'OUGH'?
		
	
	d) "UP"
	 
	a)"UFF"
	
	b) "OW"
	
	c) "OH"
	 
	e) "OFF"
	
Explicação:
Pretende-se que o aluno saiba identificar os fonemas em inglês e associá-los aos grafemas.
Em 'cough' , 'ough' tem som de 'off'.
	
	 
	
	 4a Questão
	
	
	
	
	How many graphemes are in the following words: cat, chat, fish, stick, blue?
		
	
	a) 3, 3, 4, 5, 4
	
	c) 3, 4, 4, 4, 4
	 
	e) 3, 4, 4, 5, 4
	
	b) 3, 4, 4, 5, 3
	
	d) 3, 3, 4, 4, 4
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber identificar o número de grafemas (letras) em uma dada palavra. 
 
	
	 
	
	 5a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which two words from the following list have the same vowel sound: KEPT, BAG, WEIGH, HEAD, BE?
		
	
	c) weigh and head
	
	d) be and weigh
	 
	a) kept and head
	
	e) bag and weigh
	
	b) be and head
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber identificar o número de fonemas em uma palavra.
kept - /e/
bag -/e/
weigh -/ei/
head - /e/
be - /i/
 
	
	 
	
	 6a Questão
	
	
	
	
	How many graphemes are there in the words ILLNESS, DEATH, MORTALITY, COMMENCE?
		
	
	b) 7 - 4 - 9 - 8
	
	d) 6 - 4 - 9 - 8
	 
	e) 7 - 5 - 9 - 8
	
	c) 7 - 4 - 9 - 7
	
	a) 6 - 5 - 9 - 8
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber identificar o número de grafemas (letras) em uma palavra.
	
	 
	
	 7a Questão
	
	
	
	
	The morpheme /z/ can be represented by all the graphemes below EXCEPT FOR:
		
	 
	Se
	 
	C
	
	Ze
	
	Z
	
	S
	
Explicação:
 
A letra "C" pode ser representada por /k/ ou /s/.
 
	
	 
	
	 8a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which alternative represents a letter (grapheme) that is not a phoneme?
		
	
	d
	
	p
	 
	c
	
	m
	
	t
	1a Questão
	
	
	
	How many phonemes are there in "scarecrow" considering Australian and UK English?
		
	 
	a) 6
	
	d) 5
	
	e) 9
	
	c) 8
	 
	b) 7
	
Explicação:
Six in Australian and UK English - s / c / are / c / r / ow However, American English has more emphasis on the first "r", and thus there is an extra phoneme - s / c / a / re / c / r / ow (7 phonemes)
	
	 
	
	 2a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Choose the odd sound:
		
	
	e) date
	
	a) great
	 
	b) seat
	
	c) wait
	
	d) mate
	
Explicação:
Pretende-se que o alunosaiba identificar os fonemas em inglês em diferentes palavras.
great - /ei/
seat  /i:/
wait /ei/
mate /ei/
date /ei/
 
	
	 
	
	 3a Questão
	
	
	
	
	How many graphemes are there in the words OPEN, START, OVERT, BEGIN?
		
	
	d) 4 - 5 - 5 - 4
	 
	b) 4 - 5 - 5 - 5
	
	a) 4 - 4 - 4- 4
	
	c) 3 - 5 - 5 - 4
	
	e) 3 - 5 - 5 - 5
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber identificar o número de grafemas (letras)  em uma palavra.
	
	 
	
	 4a Questão
	
	
	
	
	How many phonemes are there in the following words: cat, chat, fish, stick, blue?
		
	 
	a) 3, 3, 3, 4, 3
	 
	d) 3, 4, 4, 4, 4
	
	c) 3, 3, 3, 3, 4
	
	e) 3, 4, 4, 5, 4
	
	b) 3, 3, 3, 4, 4
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber identificar o número de fonemas em uma palavra.
cat - 3 fonemas /k/ /a/ /t/
chat - 3 fonemas /ch/ /a/ /t/
fish - 3 fonemas /f/ /i/ /sh/
stick - 4 fonemas /s/ /t/ /i/ /ck/
blue - 3 fonemas /b/ /l/ /u/
 
	
	 
	
	 5a Questão
	
	
	
	
	How many phonemes are there in the words ILLNESS, DEATH, MORTALITY, COMMENCE?
		
	
	b) 5 - 3 - 9 - 7
	
	c) 5 - 5 - 9 - 8
	
	a) 7 - 5 - 9 - 8
	
	e) 5 - 5 - 9 - 6
	 
	d) 5 - 3 - 9 - 6
	
Explicação:
Pretende-se que o aluno saiba identificar o número de fonemas em uma palavra.
illness - /i/ /ll/ /n/ /e/ /ss/ - 5 fonemas
death - /d/ /ea/ /th/ - 3 fonemas
mortality - /m/ /o/ /r/ /t/ /a/ /l/ /i/ /t/ /y/ - 9 fonemas
commence - /k/ /o/ /mm/ /e/ /n/ /s/ -  6 fonemas
	
	 
	
	 6a Questão
	
	
	
	
	In which part of the United States can be found the most diferent accent?
		
	
	North
	
	West
	
	Northern
	
	East
	 
	South
	
Explicação:
SOUTHERN AMERICAN ENGLISH is a group of dialects of the English language spoken throughout the Southern region of the United States, from Southern and Eastern Maryland, West Virginia and Kentucky to the Gulf Coast, and from the Atlantic coast to most of Texas and Oklahoma.
 
This linguistic region includes Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Louisiana, and Arkansas, as well as most of Texas, Virginia, Oklahoma, Kentucky, and West Virginia. It also includes parts of southern and central Missouri, and parts of Florida and Maryland.
 
	
	 
	
	 7a Questão
	
	
	
	
	In the word ENOUGH, what's the sound of 'OUGH'?
		
	
	a) "OFF"
	
	b) "OW"
	
	e) "UP"
	 
	d)"UFF"
	
	c) "OH"
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve entender que um mesmo grupo de fonemas possui pronúncia diferente.
Em 'enough' o 'ough' tem som de 'uff'.
	
	 
	
	 8a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word has the same number of phonemes as in BEE?
		
	
	d) pig
	
	c) takes
	 
	a) it
	
	b) ship
	
	e) I
	1a Questão
	
	
	
	What´s Phonetics?
		
	 
	Phonetics is the study of a sound in speech.
	
	Phonetics is the study of the new symbols of a language.
	
	Phonetics is the study of foreign words which are recognized by foreign speakers.
	
	Phonetics is the study of verbs in a text.
	
	Phonetics is the study of difficult sounds in English.
	
Explicação:
Phonetics studies the sounds of a language.
For example in Portuguese there are 26 letters (agora com o Novo Acordo Ortográfico) and 31 phonemes
In English there are 26 letters and 36 phonemes. (24 consonant sounds, 12 vowel sounds), and 8 diphthongs.
	
	 
	
	 2a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Complete the following  sentence with the appropriate pair of words: Phonology focus on how patterns in both -----------------------and ----------------------------communication are created and interpreted.
		
	
	speech / real
	
	written / specific
	
	verbal / formal
	 
	speech / non-verbal
	
	written / virtual
	
Explicação:
 É importante salientar que a Fonologia se relaciona com a cultura e a comunicação.
	
	 
	
	 3a Questão
	
	
	
	
	How many phonemes are there in the words OPEN, START, OVERT, BEGIN?
		
	
	a) 4 - 5 - 5 - 4
	 
	c) 4 - 5 - 5 - 5
	
	e) 3 - 5 - 5 - 3
	
	b) 3 - 5 - 5 - 4
	
	d) 3 - 5 - 5 - 5
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber identificar o número de fonemas em uma palavra.
open - 4 fonemas - /o/ /p/ /e/ /n/
start - 5 fonemas - /s/ /t/ /a/ /r/ /t/
overt - 5 fonemas - /o/ /v/ /e/ /r/ /t/
begin - 5 fonemas - /b/ /e/ /g/ /i/ /n/
 
	
	 
	
	 4a Questão
	
	
	
	
	How many graphemes are there in the following words: WAIT, WEATHER, EIGHT?
		
	 
	c) 4, 7, 5
	
	d) 4, 6, 4
	
	b) 4, 5, 7
	
	e) 4, 6, 5
	
	a) 3, 6, 4
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber identificar o número de grafemas (letras) em uma palavra.
	
	 
	
	 5a Questão
	
	
	
	
	We can say that phonemes in English
		
	
	can be represented by silent letters.
	
	are represented by only six letters.
	
	are always equal.
	 
	can be represented by more than one letter.
	
	always have nasal consonants.
	
Explicação:
 É importante que os alunos de Fonética pensem que é muito melhor considerarem a pronúncia da língua inglesa em termos de fonemas e não somente de letras.
The English sound system has 44 phonemes or basic sounds.
Twenty-five of these sounds are consonant phonemes. 
Nineteen of these sounds are vowel phonemes.
The English alphabet has 26 graphemes or basic symbols.
Five of these represent vowels--a  e  i  o  u (and sometimes y). 
The other 19 letters are consonant symbols.
 
	
	 
	
	 6a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Complete the following sentence: One of the reasons because English spelling is so irregular is that before the ---------------------------came along, there was a lot of flexibility in it.
		
	
	second world war
	 
	printing press
	
	concept of global language
	
	Canadian soldiers
	
	international trading
	
Explicação:
Before the printing press came along, there was a lot of flexibility in English spelling. Look at some of the ways beauty used to be spelled: bealte, buute, beuaute, bewtee, bewte, beaute, beaultye. People did their own thing, trying their best to match up tradition with current pronunciation. But after the printing press came to England in the late 1400s, texts could be spread more widely, and printers started to standardize spelling.
	
	 
	
	 7a Questão
	
	
	
	
	How many graphemes are in the following words: cat, chat, fish, stick, blue?
		
	
	b) 3, 4, 4, 5, 3
	 
	a) 3, 3, 4, 5, 4
	
	d) 3, 3, 4, 4, 4
	
	c) 3, 4, 4, 4, 4
	 
	e) 3, 4, 4, 5, 4
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber identificar o número de grafemas (letras) em uma dada palavra. 
 
	
	 
	
	 8a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which two words from the following list have the same vowel sound: KEPT, BAG, WEIGH, HEAD, BE?
		
	
	b) be and head
	
	d) be and weigh
	 
	a) kept and head
	
	e) bag and weigh
	
	c) weigh and head
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber identificar o número de fonemas em uma palavra.
kept - /e/
bag -/e/
weigh -/ei/
head - /e/
be - /i/
AULA 02
	1a Questão
	
	
	
	What should we avoid using in formal written language?
		
	
	Bad news.
	
	Dialogues.
	 
	Love stories.
	
	Letters.
	 
	The use of contractions, that is : don´t, aren´t, etc.
	
Explicação:
Na escrita formal devemos evitar o uso da forma ´contracta´em inglês, quer dizer devemos usar DO NOT em vez de DON'T. 
	
	 
	
	 2a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Select the correct FORMAL alternative which can be used to substitute the following: "START"b) Kick off
	 
	a) Commence
	
	d) Get moving
	 
	c) Begin
	
	e) Get started
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber utilizar a formalidade e a informalidade de acordo com o contexto.
Commence - formal
All the others are informal.
	
	 
	
	 3a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Who was the English writer who used a greater number of words in his literary production?
		
	
	George Orwell.
	
	Chaucer.
	
	Virginia Woolf.
	
	Jane Austen.
	 
	Shakespeare.
	
Explicação:
Como é mencionada na própria aula, Shakespeare foi o autor inglês que mais fez uso de palavras diferentes em suas obras..
	
	 
	
	 4a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which of the following characteristics IS NOT applicable to spoken English?
		
	
	We usually speak in a much  less structured way.
	
	We do not always use full sentences and correct grammar.
	
	We often repeat ourselves.
	 
	Communicators always try to speak in a formal style.
	 
	We tend to use slangs.
	
Explicação:
Na comunicação oral, a tendência é que seja usada a linguagem informal. A linguagem formal é característica da língua escrita.
	
	 
	
	 5a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which of the forms below may be used in an INFORMAL context?
		
	
	d) difficult
	
	c) analogous to
	 
	e) laborious
	 
	a) can't
	
	b) significant
	
Explicação:
can't - informal.
All the others are formal.
	
	 
	
	 6a Questão
	
	
	
	
	As you know, the English vocabulary is composed by Latin-origin words and Anglo-Saxon words. The Latin-origin words are, in general, used in a more formal context. Match the words with their correspondent and select the option that has the correct order:
1. unimportant ( ) itinerant
2. wandering ( ) irrelevant
3. laconic ( ) lazy
4. lethal ( ) deadly
5. lax ( ) short
		
	
	e) 2 - 3 - 5 - 4 - 1
	 
	b) 2 - 1 - 5 - 3 - 4
	
	d) 2 - 1 - 4 - 5 - 3
	 
	a) 2 - 1 - 5 - 4 - 3
	
	c) 2 - 1 - 3 - 5 - 4
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber utilizar a formalidade e a informalidade de acordo com o contexto.
unimportant - irrelevant
wandering - itinerant
laconic - short
lethal - deadly
lax - lazy
 
	
	 
	
	 7a Questão
	
	
	
	
	When the Normans invaded England in 1066, they brought their own words within them. That caused a change in the social movement.
		
	
	England  was spoken at universities.
	 
	French was spoken at courts.
	
	French was spoken by the whole population.
	
	French was a global language.
	 
	Normans adopted the  English language.
	
Explicação:
The students should know about the influence of the French and English language in 1066.
French was the official language of England (not Britain) for about 600 years (more like 450), simply because the rulers of the country spoke it. Keep in mind that most people spoke English, not French, and the concept of an ¿official language¿ did not yet exist. But the people in power did certainly speak French up until the 15th century.
	
	 
	
	 8a Questão
	
	
	
	
	There are four abilities one needs to develop to master a language: speaking, writing, reading and listening.
Which is the natural order in the process of  language acquisition is concerned?
		
	 
	Speaking, writing, reading, listening.
	
	Listening , reading, writing, speaking.
	
	Speaking, reading, writing, listening.
	
	Speaking, listening, writing and reading.
	 
	Listening, speaking, reading and writing.
	
Explicação:
Esta pergunta é válida para a aquisição de qualquer língua.
Como nosso curso é  de formação de professores, é importante que os alunos sintam como acontece a aquisição de uma língua, seja ela a materna ou uma língua estrangeira. Neste processo, o 'listening' sempre vem primeiro. Afinal, se a criança não ouve, como ela desenvolverá as demais habilidades da língua. Em segundo lugar, vem a habilidade de ´speaking´(fala), depois a leitura (reading) e, só então, a escrita (writing).
	1a Questão
	
	
	
	Check which of the following sentences is written in formal English?
		
	
	This exercise is a piece of cake.
	
	Ivete Salgalo´s show was called off.
	
	The police found out who the thief was.
	
	I need to get in touch with my boss.
	 
	May I go to the restroom ?
	
Explicação:
No caso em questão, o aluno deve ser capaz de verificar qual das estruturas apresentadas está no inglês formal.
É importante que o aluno entenda que expressões idiomáticas são maneiras informais de alguém se comunicar.
A expressão ´piece of cake´significa fácil.
As outras opções possuem "phrasal verbs", o que torna a frase mais informal.
	
	 
	
	 2a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which of the forms below may be used in a FORMAL context?
		
	 
	c) effective
	
	a) good
	
	e) hard
	
	d) new
	
	b) big
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber utilizar a formalidade e a informalidade de acordo com o contexto.
Effective - formal
All the others are informal.
	
	 
	
	 3a Questão
	
	
	
	
	In which alternative all words may be used in a FORMAL context?
		
	
	a) Can't - as well as - carry out
	
	c) check - enough - contact
	
	e) Exceed - many - photo
	
	b) should not - guy - in the red
	 
	d) exceed - several- photograph
	
Explicação:
many - informal
photo - informal
enough - informal
guy - informal
in the red - informal
can't - informal
carry out - informal
 
 
	
	 
	
	 4a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Choose the alternative in which all the words have Latin origin:
		
	 
	d) malnutrition, mandate, legion, lethal, latent
	
	c) nominal, palliate, peregrination, malady, evil
	
	a) compare, mandate, legion, maze, short
	 
	b) levity, liquidation, megalomania, neurotic, maze
	
	e) nefarious, nomadic, paradox, paragon, maze
	
Explicação:
latin origin words
compare - mandate - legion - levity - liquidation - megalomania - neurotic - peregrination - malady -  malnutrition- mandate - lethal - latent -  nefarious - nomadic - paradox - paragon.
	
	 
	
	 5a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which of the forms below may be used in an INFORMAL context?
		
	
	E) Please refer to...
	
	D) Several
	 
	B) Begin
	
	C) Ensure
	 
	A) Cannot
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber utilizar a formalidade e a informalidade de acordo com o contexto. 
Begin - informal word (formal 'commence)
All the others are formal.
	
	 
	
	 6a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which of the forms below may be used in a FORMAL context?
		
	
	D) Won't
	 
	E) Invigorating
	
	A) Kids
	
	B) Guy
	
	C) Awesome
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber utilizar a formalidade e a informalidade de acordo com o contexto. 
Invigorating - formal.
All the othera are informal.
	
	 
	
	 7a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Select the correct FORMAL alternative which can be used to substitute the following: "I'M SORRY".
		
	
	c) I hate to say this but
	 
	e) I apologise
	
	a) I am sorry
	
	d) I am dreadful scared
	
	b) I'm dreadful scared
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber utilizar a formalidade e a informalidade de acordo com o contexto. 
"I apologize" - formal context.
All the other alternatives - informal.
	
	 
	
	 8a Questão
	
	
	
	
	What identifies and informal speech?
		
	 
	use of slangs
	
	use of nominators instead of personal forms.
	
	plural person instead of singular person
	
	use of linking words
	
	use of non contracted forms
	
Explicação:
Use of slangs are usedin informal context. All the others are formal.
	1a Questão
	
	
	
	Select the alternative which represents an example of informal speech:
		
	
	Mr. Jones, would you care to have dinner with me tonight? I would like to talk to you about your daughter, and myself.
	
	Good afternoon Governor, how are you doing today?
	
	Professor Bogart, the motion picture which you assigned us to watch was one of the most impressive that I have ever seen. In fact, I am going to view it again tonight!
	
	Good morning, Mr. Smith or Good morning, sir.
	 
	Hey Jack, how¿re you doing buddy?¿
	
Explicação:
A forma 'hey' já indica informalidade no tratamento. 
	
	 
	
	 2a Questão
	
	
	
	
	In which alternative all words may be used in a FORMAL context?
		
	
	A) Can't - Supply - Entail
	
	B) Submit - Receive - Carry out
	
	E) On receipt - Exceed - Take away
	 
	C) Submit - Receive - Effect
	 
	D) Disclose - Exceed - Go over
	
Explicação:
Alternativa a ) can't - informal.
Alternativa b) carry out - informal
Alternativa d) go over - informal
Alternativa e) take away - informal
	
	 
	
	 3a Questão
	
	
	
	
	What alternative indicates a characteristic of formal English?
		
	 
	b) Passive Voice
	
	d) Use of slang
	
	e) Singular person
	
	a) Active Voice
	
	c) Phrasal Verbs
	
Explicação:
 
active voice - informal English 
passive voice - formal English
Phrasal verbs - informal English
Latinate words - formal English
Slang - informal English
singular person - informal English
plural person - formal English
	
	
	 
	
	 4a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Choose the alternative in which all the words have Anglo-Saxon origin:
		
	
	b) many, lazy, unclear, evil, laceration
	 
	c) wound, endanger, maze, dull, short
	
	e) juxtapose, endanger, maze, dull, short
	 
	a) juxtapose, labyrinth, laceration, endanger, maze
	
	d) dishonest, death, illness, labyrinth, short
	
Explicação:
Anglo-Saxon
maze - many - lazy - evil - short - wound - dull -death - illness 
 
	
	 
	
	 5a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Select the alternative which represents an example of formal speech:
		
	
	I¿m sorry but ¿/I¿m happy to say that ¿
	
	The bank can¿t find the payment you say you¿ve made.
	
	The company laid him off because he didn't work much.
	
	I can help you to solve this problem. Call me!
	 
	Although the fault was repaired on 12th June, payment for this intervention has still not been received.
	
Explicação:
lay someone off - informal
I'm sorry and contractions - informal
can't - you've - informal
call me - informal
	
	 
	
	 6a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Select the correct FORMAL alternative which can be used to substitute the following: "START"
		
	
	c) Begin
	 
	a) Commence
	
	e) Get started
	
	d) Get moving
	
	b) Kick off
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber utilizar a formalidade e a informalidade de acordo com o contexto.
Commence - formal
All the others are informal.
	
	 
	
	 7a Questão
	
	
	
	
	What should we avoid using in formal written language?
		
	
	Bad news.
	
	Love stories.
	
	Dialogues.
	
	Letters.
	 
	The use of contractions, that is : don´t, aren´t, etc.
	
Explicação:
Na escrita formal devemos evitar o uso da forma ´contracta´em inglês, quer dizer devemos usar DO NOT em vez de DON'T. 
	
	 
	
	 8a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which of the forms below may be used in an INFORMAL context?
		
	
	b) significant
	
	e) laborious
	
	c) analogous to
	 
	a) can't
	
	d) difficult
	
Explicação:
can't - informal.
All the others are formal.
	
	 7a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Choose the alternative in which all the words have Latin origin:
		
	
	b) levity, liquidation, megalomania, neurotic, maze
	
	a) compare, mandate, legion, maze, short
	
	e) nefarious, nomadic, paradox, paragon, maze
	 
	d) malnutrition, mandate, legion, lethal, latent
	
	c) nominal, palliate, peregrination, malady, evil
	
Explicação:
latin origin words
compare - mandate - legion - levity - liquidation - megalomania - neurotic - peregrination - malady -  malnutrition- mandate - lethal - latent -  nefarious - nomadic - paradox - paragon.
	
	 
	
	 8a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which of the forms below may be used in an INFORMAL context?
		
	
	A) Cannot
	
	D) Several
	
	E) Please refer to...
	 
	B) Begin
	
	C) Ensure
		8.
		Choose the alternative in which all the words have Anglo-Saxon origin:
	
	
	
	e) juxtapose, endanger, maze, dull, short
	
	
	d) dishonest, death, illness, labyrinth, short
	
	
	a) juxtapose, labyrinth, laceration, endanger, maze
	
	
	b) many, lazy, unclear, evil, laceration
	
	
	c) wound, endanger, maze, dull, short
Aula 03
	 1a Questão
	
	
	
	How many phonemes are there in "whistle" if you aspire the "h"?
		
	
	d) 4
	 
	b) 6
	 
	a) 3
	
	e) 7
	
	c) 5
	
Explicação:
How many words are there in ¿whistle¿?
Five or 6. Five if you pronounce /w/ /i/ /s/ /e/ /l/. Six if you aspire the ¿H¿: /h/ /w/ /i/ /s/ /e/ /l/.
	
	 
	
	 2a Questão
	
	
	
	
	How many phonemes are there in the words BRANCH, STRING, SPEECH, SHRINK?
		
	
	d) 5 - 6 - 4 - 5
	 
	c) 5 - 6 - 6 - 5
	
	b) 4 - 6 - 6 - 5
	
	a) 4 - 6 - 6 - 6
	 
	e) 5 - 5 - 4- 5
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber contar o número de fonemas em palavras em inglês.
branch - 5 fonemas - /b/ /r/ /a/ /n/ /ch/
string - 5 fonemas /s/ /t/ /r/ /i/ /ng/
speech - 4 fonemas /s/ /p/ /ee/ /ch/
shrink - 5 fonemas - /sh/ /r/ /i/ /n/ /k/
 
	
	 
	
	 3a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Question:
► Which phonetic symbol represents the sound of the digraph 'sh' in the word short?
		
	
	/ʤ/
	 
	/ʃ/
	
	/ᴣ/
	
	/x/
	
	/ʧ/
	
Explicação:
short = (ʃɔːt)
	
	 
	
	 4a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word has the same number of phonemes as in 'bring'?
		
	 
	a) rich
	
	e) lame
	
	d) cane
	
	b) dog
	 
	c) six
	
Explicação:
 
bring = 4 phonemes
 
rich = 3 phonemes
dog = 3 phonemes
six =  4 phonemes
cane = 3 phonemes
lame = 3 phonemes
 
	
	 
	
	 5a Questão
	
	
	
	
	In which word the /s/ has an /s/ sound?
		
	 
	classes
	 
	Mark's
	
	Tom's
	
	boys
	
	Jane's
	
Explicação:
The -s is pronounced like /z/ after voiced sounds.  The -s is pronounced like /s/ after voiceless sounds. . The -s is pronounced with an additional syllable - similar to "iz" - after the following endings, both voiced and voiceless which are sibilant.
 
	
	 
	
	 6a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word DOESN'T have a digraph?
		
	
	c) wreck
	 
	e) split
	
	d) think
	 
	b) speak
	
	a) brains
	
Explicação:
brains = AI = digraph
speak = EA = digraph
wreck = CK = digraph
think = TH = digraph
split = PL = blend
 
	
	
	 
	
	 7a Questão
	
	
	
	
	What is the CORRECT assertive?
		
	 
	e) In a vowel digraph, there are two letters, with the first letter making a long sound and the second letter being silent.
	
	a) Triphone is the union of a diphthong plus two vowels.
	
	d) In a blend or cluster, two or three phonemes are blended together, and there is just one phoneme.
	
	b) The letter y is a consonant at the end of a syllable. If it is anywhere else in the syllable,it is a vowel or a semivowel.
	
	c) The letter w is a consonant at the end of a syllable. If it is anywhere else in the syllable, it is a semivowel.
	
Explicação:
Triphones is union of a diphthong plus one vowel. The first sound is always that of a diphthong. If a vowel comes after a diphthong, a small tick is attached to that diphthong in the opposite direction. This tick will indicate that there is a vowel after diphthong but will not indicate which is that vowel.
e.g. diary -  loyal ¿ genuine  - renewal - denial
 
Examples of Y as a Consonant - yes - yam - yell - yellow - yogurt - yacht
Examples of Y as a Vowel - gym - my - cycle - baby - hairy  - sky - fairy
Examples of Y as a Semivowel ¿ valley
 
Examples of W as a Consonant ¿ winged ¿ why ¿ swell.
Examples of W as a semivowel ¿ bow ¿ jaw ¿known - lawn
 
BLEND OR CLUSTER
It is a combination of two or more letters, where all of the sounds can be distinguished.
 
A vowel digraph is two letters with the first letter making a long sound and the second letter is silent. We call this: "first one does the talking, the second keeps on walking."
In English include EA (teach), EE (free), EY (key), IE (piece),), OO (book), OA (road) and UE (true), AU (Audience), EO (people), IO(region), AI (main), OU (soul).
The digraph oo has two sounds. One is the sound heard in hook. The other sound is the sound heard in tooth.
 
 
	
	 
	
	 8a Questão
	
	
	
	
	In which word the "w" is a consonant?
		
	
	e) tow
	
	c) low
	 
	a) swan
	
	d) bow
	
	b) cow
	1a Questão
	
	
	
	In which alternative the "h" is not pronounced?
		
	 
	a) herb
	
	d) hence
	
	b) house
	
	e) here
	
	c) home
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber a pronúncia dos fonemas em inglês e identificar as letras mudas.
O 'h' é mudo em:
hour /ˈaʊə/ (aau-ə) UK, /ˈaʊɚ/ (aau-rr) US (both the same as ¿our¿); the ¿h¿ at the beginning is silent, as it should be also in the name of the letter H /eɪdʒ/ (eydzh). Some native speakers started to pronounce H as ¿heydzh¿ lately, but such pronunciation is regarded as incorrect by many.
honour /ˈɒnər/ (on-ə) UK, honor /ˈɑːnɚ/ (aan-r) US; some learners also mispronounce this word as if it had /ʌ/ at the beginning (as in ¿onion¿ /ˈʌnjən/).
honest /ˈɒnɪst/ (on-ist) UK, /ˈɑːnɪst/ (aan-ist) US; ¿hon¿ is pronounced exactly the same as in the previous word.
heir /ɛə/ UK, /ɛr/ US; a person who inherits something from someone else. It comes from Old French, so the ¿H¿ remains silent; it sounds exactly the same as ¿air¿ and ¿ere¿ (meaning ¿before long¿).
exhausted /ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/ (ig-zaw-stid); notice also that ¿x¿ at the beginning is pronounced as ¿gz¿, not as ¿ks¿.
Thai /taɪ/; ¿th¿ in English is usually pronounced as /θ/ (as in ¿think¿) or /ð/ (as in ¿the¿), but in ¿Thai¿, is is pronounced just as ¿t¿. The same applies to Thailand too, of course.
vehicle /ˈviːəkl/ (vee-ə-kl); some speakers of American English pronounce the ¿h¿, but the vast majority keep the ¿h¿ silent and consider the pronunciation with an ¿h¿ unnatural.
ghost /ɡəʊst/ (gəust) UK, /ɡoʊst/ (gohst) US; to end our discussion about the silent ¿H¿, notice that it is also silent in ¿ghost¿. This is in fact the case with all words beginning with ¿gh¿, such as ghetto /ˈgɛtəʊ/ (ge-təu) UK, /ˈgɛtoʊ/ (ge-toh) US, ghastly /ˈɡɑːstli/ (gaast-lee) UK, /ˈɡæstli/ (gæst-lee) US, and ghee /ɡiː/ (g-ee).
Note: The word ¿herb¿ and words derived from it (such as ¿herbal¿) are usually pronounced with an H at the beginning in British and Australian English, while it usually remains silent in American and Canadian English.
	
	 
	
	 2a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Mark the only word which does not present a long i sound /i:/:
		
	
	field
	
	beat
	
	bean
	
	eat
	 
	bid
	
Explicação:
Marcar as diferenças entre sons breves e longos.
Bid - short sound - bɪd 
 
	
	 
	
	 3a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word sounds different?
		
	
	b) pea
	
	c) see
	
	a) tea
	 
	e) the
	
	d) we
	
Explicação:
Pretende-se que o aluno saiba identificar os fonemas em inglês e associá-los aos grafemas.
tea - /i/
pea /i/
see - /i/
we - /i/
the  (thē before a vowel; thə before a consonant)
 
	
	 
	
	 4a Questão
	
	
	
	
	How many phonemes are there in GLOW?
		
	 
	a) 3
	
	e) 6
	
	d) 5
	
	b) 2
	
	c) 4
	
Explicação:
Three. /g/ /l/ /o/. Even if  the /o/ has an /ow/ sound, it counts as one phoneme. The /w/ has a mute  sound. The same happens to show (2 phonemes) and words ending in ¿ w.
	
	 
	
	 5a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which alternative has an example of hiatus?
		
	
	wear
	
	house
	
	newer
	 
	hiatus
	 
	voice
	
Explicação:
 
hiatus = hi -a - tus
voice = voice = diphthong.
wear = wear =diphthong.
house = house - diphthong.
newer = new - er - diphthong.
 
In phonology, hiatus or diaeresis refers to two vowel sounds occurring in adjacent syllables, with no intervening consonant. When two adjacent vowel sounds occur in the same syllable, the result is instead described as a diphthong.
The English words hiatus and diaeresis themselves contain a hiatus between the first and second syllables.
So: Hi ¿ a ¿ tus  / di·aer·e·sis
	
	 
	
	 6a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word does not have the sound /i:/?
		
	
	e) feed
	
	c) bean
	 
	b) peak
	
	d) breed
	 
	a) pick
	
Explicação:
 
Em 'pick' a vogal é curta /i/
Em todas as outras palavras, a pronúncia é longa /i:/.
	
	 
	
	 7a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word sounds different?
		
	 
	e) salad
	
	b) way
	
	a) pray
	 
	d) neighbour
	
	c) able
	
Explicação:
Pretende-se que o aluno saiba identificar os fonemas em inglês em diferentes palavras.
prey =-  (preɪ)
way =  (weɪ)
able =  (ˈeɪ bəl) 
neighbour = [ˈneɪbəʳ]
salad = (ˈsæləd)
 
	
	 
	
	 8a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Choose the odd sound:
		
	
	b) so
	 
	e) low
	
	a) go
	
	c) no
	 
	d) do
	
Explicação:
go =  (ɡəʊ)
so =  (səʊ)
no =  (nəʊ)
do = (duː; unstressed dʊ; də)
low =(ləʊ)
	1a Questão
	
	
	
	Which word sounds different?
		
	
	c) far
	
	e) jar
	 
	d) care
	
	b) car
	
	a) are
	
Explicação:
 
are =(ɑː)
car = (kɑː)
far = (fɑː)
care = (kɛə)
jar =  (dʒɑː)
 
	
	 
	
	 2a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which alternative has an example of CONSONANT CLUSTER?
		
	
	d) with - TH
	
	e) clubbed - BB
	 
	b) grab - GR
	
	c) vogue - GU
	 
	a) phone - PH
	
Explicação:
CONSONANT BLEND OR CLUSTER
Two or three consonants are blended together, each consonant sound may be heard in the blend. Some examples of consonant blends are:
bl¿black, cl¿clap, fl¿flip, gl¿glass, pl¿play, sl¿slip, br¿brick, 
cr¿crab, dr¿drop, fr¿from, gr¿grab, pr¿press, tr¿trap, sc¿scale, 
sk¿skip, sm¿smell, sn¿snail, sp¿ spill, rl ¿ world, st¿stop, sw¿swell, str ¿ stray (in which there are two clusters: s+t and t+r), xth ¿ sixth (in which the cluster is x+th)
DIGRAPH
A digraph is a combination of letters or characters used to represent a single speech sound.
EXAMPLES OF CONSONANT DIGRAPHS
CH = WH - PH -SS - GU - NG - SH - TH - CK - BB
	
 
	
	 
	
	 3a Questão
	
	
	
	
	When did the last revision of the International Phonetic Alphabet occur?
		
	
	In 2001.
	 
	In 1996.
	
	In 1945.
	
	In 1966.
	
	In 1888.
	
Explicação:
Em 1996, a última revisão do International Phonetic Alphabet ocorreu.
	
	 
	
	 4a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Mark the only option which has a word transcribedwith /a:/.
		
	 
	Hard
	
	Fun
	
	Under
	
	Couple
	
	Sun
	
Explicação:
 
Hard = /'hɑ:d/.
	
	 
	
	 5a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word DOESN'T have a diphthong?
		
	
	d)near
	
	a) wear
	 
	e) light
	 
	c)cat
	
	b) late
	
Explicação:
 
ear = EAR = diphthong
late - A = diphthong 
cat = no diphthong
near = EA  = diphthong
light = I  = diphthong
 
	
	 
	
	 6a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word DOESN'T have a diphthong?
		
	
	b) lair
	 
	d)bat
	
	a) fear
	
	e) no
	
	c) pie
	
Explicação:
 
fear = EA =diphthong
lair = AI =diphthong
pie  = IE =diphthong
bat = no diphthong
no (nəʊ) = diphthong
 
	
	 
	
	 7a Questão
	
	
	
	
	In which word the 'y' is a consonant?
		
	
	b) gym
	
	c) sky
	 
	a) yes
	
	e) monkey
	
	d) valley
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber quando 'y' é uma vogal, uma semivogal ou uma consoante.
	
	 
	
	 8a Questão
	
	
	
	
	How many phonemes are there in "lane"?
		
	
	c) 2
	
	d) 5
	
	e) 6
	 
	b) 3
	
	a) 4
	1a Questão
	
	
	
	How many phonemes are there in the words DREAM, SWEET, SPREAD, YES?
		
	
	b) 4 - 5 - 6 - 3
	
	c) 5 - 4 - 5 - 3
	 
	a) 4 - 4 - 5 - 3
	
	e) 5 - 5- 6 - 3
	
	d) 5 - 4 - 4 - 3
	
Explicação:
 
dream = 4 phonemes = (driːm)
sweet = 4 phonemes = (swiːt)
spread = 5 phonems = (sprɛd)
yes = 3 phonemes = (jɛs)
 
 
	
	 
	
	 2a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word sounds different?
		
	
	a) why
	
	e) lie
	 
	c)a
	
	b) I
	
	d) my
	
Explicação:
Pretende-se que o aluno saiba identificar os fonemas em inglês e associá-los aos grafemas.
why - I - my - lie - todas têm o mesmo som /ai/
 
	
	 
	
	 3a Questão
	
	
	
	
	The transcription of the word ¿breeze¿ is:
		
	
	/briiz/
	 
	/bri:zi/
	
	/brizi/
	
	/briz/
	 
	/bri:z/
	
Explicação:
breeze = (briːz)
	
	 
	
	 4a Questão
	
	
	
	
	In which word the "Y" is a vowel?
		
	
	b) yam
	
	e) yogurt
	
	d) yell
	
	a) yes
	 
	c) sky
	
Explicação:
Examples of Y as a Consonant - yes - yam - yell - yellow - yogurt - yacht
Examples of Y as a Vowel - gym - my - cycle - baby - hairy  - sky - fairy
Examples of Y as a Semivowel - valley
	
	 
	
	 5a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which alternative has an example of CONSONANT DIGRAPH?
		
	 
	a) thin - TH
	
	e) slip - SL
	
	b) scale - SC
	 
	d) grab - GR
	
	c) drop - DR
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber aplicar o conceito de dígrafo.
thin - TH - digraph - 1 phoneme
scale - SC - blend - 2 phonemes
drop - DR - blend - 2 phonemes
grab - GR - blend - 2 phonemes
slip - SL -  blend - 2 phonemes
	
	 
	
	 6a Questão
	
	
	
	
	What is the CORRECT assertive?
		
	
	d) In the word "shy" there are 3 phonemes.
	
	b) In the word "pile" there are 2 phonemes.
	
	a) In the word "cane" there are 4 phonemes.
	 
	e) In the word "hostel" there are 6 phonemes.
	 
	c) In the word "shoot" there are 4 phonemes.
	
Explicação:
In the word "cane" there are 4 phonemes. - there are 3 phonemes.
In the word "pile" there are 2 phonemes. - 3 phonemes
In the word "shoot" there are 4 phonemes. - 3 phonemes
In the word "shy" there are 3 phonemes.- 2 phonemes 
 
	
	 
	
	 7a Questão
	
	
	
	
	In which word the /s/ has a /z/ sound?
		
	 
	cabs
	
	cups
	 
	cats
	
	Jeff's
	
	classes
	
Explicação:
The -s is pronounced like /z/ after voiced sounds.  The -s is pronounced like /s/ after voiceless sounds. . The -s is pronounced with an additional syllable - similar to "iz" - after the following endings, both voiced and voiceless which are sibilant.
 
Voiced
B, D, G, J, L, M, N, Ng, R, Sz, Th (then), V, W, Y e Z.
Voiceless
Ch, F, K, P, S, Sh, T e Th (thing)
	
	 
	
	 8a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word sounds different?
		
	 
	a) so
	
	d) zoo
	 
	c) you
	
	b) to (strong form)
	
	e) who
	1a Questão
	
	
	
	Question:
► Which phonetic symbol represents the sound of the digraph 'sh' in the word sheep?
		
	
	/ʧ/
	
	/x/
	
	/ᴣ/
	
	/ʤ/
	 
	/ʃ/
	
Explicação:
ship = (ʃiːp)
	
	 
	
	 2a Questão
	
	
	
	
	How many phonemes are there in the word "thorough"?
		
	 
	e) 3
	
	c) 6
	
	d) 7
	 
	a) 4
	
	b) 5
	
Explicação:
thorough = 4 phonemes = (ˈθʌrə)
	
	 
	
	 3a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word has a consonant blend?
		
	
	b) sing
	 
	d) clap
	
	c) many
	
	a) the
	
	e) shoot
	
Explicação:
the - dígrafo - TH
sing - dígrafo - NG
many - não há dígrafo e nem encontro
clap - encontro consonantal - CL
shoot - dígrafo consonantal - SH e dígrafo vocálico - OO
 
	
	 
	
	 4a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word has a consonant blend?
		
	 
	a) glow
	 
	e) pill
	
	d) both
	
	b) gather
	
	c) think
	
Explicação:
glow - GL = consonant blend
gather = TH = digraph
think = TH = dighaph
both = th = digraph
pill -LL - digraph
 
 
	
	 
	
	 5a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which is the WRONG assertive?
		
	
	b) In 'ship' there is a consonant digraph.
	 
	d) In 'sing' there is a consonant cluster.
	
	e) In 'wish' there is a consonant digraph.
	
	a) In 'diary' there is triphone.
	 
	c) In 'flip' there is a consonant cluster.
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber aplicar os conceitos de trifones, encontros e dígrafos.
	
	 
	
	 6a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word does NOT have three phonemes?
		
	
	c) wreck
	 
	b) knock
	
	d) road
	 
	e) among
	
	a) ride
	
Explicação:
 
ride = 3 phonemes
knock = 3 phonemes
wreck = 3 phonemes
road = 3 phonemes
among = 4 phonemes
 
	
	 
	
	 7a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Choose the odd sound:
		
	
	c) nose
	
	e) pose
	 
	a) shoes
	
	b) goes
	 
	d) toes
	
Explicação:
Pretende-se que o aluno saiba identificar os fonemas em inglês em diferentes palavras.
shoes = (ʃuːs)
goes = (gəʊz)
nose = (nəʊz)
toes = (təʊs)
pose = (pəʊz)
	
	 
	
	 8a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which alternative has an example of CONSONANT CLUSTER?
		
	
	a) whip - WH
	 
	b) play- PL
	 
	d) sing - NG
	
	e) cock - CK
	
	c) miss - SS
	1a Questão
	
	
	
	How many phonemes are there in "whistle" if you aspire the "h"?
		
	
	e) 7
	
	d) 4
	 
	b) 6
	 
	c) 5
	
	a) 3
	
Explicação:
How many words are there in ¿whistle¿?
Five or 6. Five if you pronounce /w/ /i/ /s/ /e/ /l/. Six if you aspire the ¿H¿: /h/ /w/ /i/ /s/ /e/ /l/.
	
	 
	
	 2a Questão
	
	
	
	
	How many phonemes are there in the words BRANCH, STRING, SPEECH, SHRINK?
		
	
	b) 4 - 6 - 6 - 5
	
	c) 5 - 6 - 6 - 5
	 
	e) 5 - 5 - 4- 5
	
	d) 5 - 6 - 4 - 5
	
	a) 4 - 6 - 6 - 6
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber contar o número de fonemas em palavras em inglês.
branch - 5 fonemas - /b/ /r/ /a/ /n/ /ch/
string - 5 fonemas /s/ /t/ /r/ /i/ /ng/
speech - 4 fonemas /s/ /p/ /ee/ /ch/
shrink - 5 fonemas - /sh/ /r/ /i/ /n/ /k/
 
	
	 
	
	 3a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Question:
► Which phonetic symbol represents the sound of the digraph 'sh' in the word short?/ᴣ/
	
	/x/
	
	/ʧ/
	 
	/ʃ/
	
	/ʤ/
	
Explicação:
short = (ʃɔːt)
	
	 
	
	 4a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word has the same number of phonemes as in 'bring'?
		
	
	a) rich
	 
	c) six
	
	b) dog
	
	d) cane
	
	e) lame
	
Explicação:
 
bring = 4 phonemes
 
rich = 3 phonemes
dog = 3 phonemes
six =  4 phonemes
cane = 3 phonemes
lame = 3 phonemes
 
	
	 
	
	 5a Questão
	
	
	
	
	In which word the /s/ has an /s/ sound?
		
	 
	Mark's
	
	Jane's
	
	boys
	
	classes
	
	Tom's
	
Explicação:
The -s is pronounced like /z/ after voiced sounds.  The -s is pronounced like /s/ after voiceless sounds. . The -s is pronounced with an additional syllable - similar to "iz" - after the following endings, both voiced and voiceless which are sibilant.
 
	
	 
	
	 6a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word DOESN'T have a digraph?
		
	
	b) speak
	 
	e) split
	
	d) think
	
	c) wreck
	
	a) brains
	
Explicação:
brains = AI = digraph
speak = EA = digraph
wreck = CK = digraph
think = TH = digraph
split = PL = blend
 
	
	
	 
	
	 7a Questão
	
	
	
	
	What is the CORRECT assertive?
		
	 
	b) The letter y is a consonant at the end of a syllable. If it is anywhere else in the syllable, it is a vowel or a semivowel.
	
	c) The letter w is a consonant at the end of a syllable. If it is anywhere else in the syllable, it is a semivowel.
	 
	e) In a vowel digraph, there are two letters, with the first letter making a long sound and the second letter being silent.
	
	d) In a blend or cluster, two or three phonemes are blended together, and there is just one phoneme.
	
	a) Triphone is the union of a diphthong plus two vowels.
	
Explicação:
Triphones is union of a diphthong plus one vowel. The first sound is always that of a diphthong. If a vowel comes after a diphthong, a small tick is attached to that diphthong in the opposite direction. This tick will indicate that there is a vowel after diphthong but will not indicate which is that vowel.
e.g. diary -  loyal ¿ genuine  - renewal - denial
 
Examples of Y as a Consonant - yes - yam - yell - yellow - yogurt - yacht
Examples of Y as a Vowel - gym - my - cycle - baby - hairy  - sky - fairy
Examples of Y as a Semivowel ¿ valley
 
Examples of W as a Consonant ¿ winged ¿ why ¿ swell.
Examples of W as a semivowel ¿ bow ¿ jaw ¿known - lawn
 
BLEND OR CLUSTER
It is a combination of two or more letters, where all of the sounds can be distinguished.
 
A vowel digraph is two letters with the first letter making a long sound and the second letter is silent. We call this: "first one does the talking, the second keeps on walking."
In English include EA (teach), EE (free), EY (key), IE (piece),), OO (book), OA (road) and UE (true), AU (Audience), EO (people), IO(region), AI (main), OU (soul).
The digraph oo has two sounds. One is the sound heard in hook. The other sound is the sound heard in tooth.
 
 
	
	 
	
	 8a Questão
	
	
	
	
	In which word the "w" is a consonant?
		
	
	d) bow
	
	e) tow
	
	b) cow
	 
	a) swan
	
	c) low
AULA 04
	1a Questão
	
	
	
	In which alternative the TH is voiceless?
		
	
	b)That
	
	c)They
	
	a)Than
	 
	e)Gather
	 
	d)Width
	
Explicação:
than = (ðæn; unstressed ðən)
that = (ðæt; unstressed ðət)
they =(ðeɪ)
width = (wɪdθ)
gather =  (ˈɡæðə)
θ = voiceless
ð = voiced
 
	
	 
	
	 2a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word has the same sound as the "s" in ENJOYS?
		
	 
	e) boys
	
	b) wishes
	
	a) watches
	
	d) cups
	
	c) stops
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber o som das consoantes no fim das palavras.
Voiced
B, D, G, J, L, M, N, Ng, R, Sz, Th (then), V, W, Y e Z.
Voiceless
Ch, F, K, P, S, Sh, T e Th (thing)
 
The -s is pronounced like /z/ after voiced sounds.  The -s is pronounced like /s/ after voiceless sounds. . The -s is pronounced with an additional syllable - similar to "iz" - after the following endings, both voiced and voiceless which are sibilant.
 
/d/ When the pronunciation of the infinitive ends in a VOWEL OR VOICED CONSONANT.
/t/ When the pronunciation of the infinitive ends with a voiceless consonant.
/d/ When the pronunciation of the infinitive ends with an alveolar stop consonant ¿ /d/ or /t/
	
	 
	
	 3a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which words has the following sound: /θ/
		
	
	c) Father
	
	d) Mother
	
	e) brother
	
	b) That
	 
	a) Think
	
Explicação:
 
think - voiceless [θ]
that - voiced [ð]
father - voiced[ð]
mother - voiced[ð]
brother - voiced[ð]
	
	 
	
	 4a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which alternative presents the wrong concept of pronunciation?
		
	 
	The -s is pronounced like /z/ - after sibilant sounds.
	
	/ d/ - When the pronunciation of the infinitive ends with an alveolar stop consonant /d/ or /t/.
	
	The -s is pronounced like /s/ after voiceless sounds.
	
	 /t/ - When the pronunciation of the infinitive ends with a voiceless consonant.
	
	/d/ - When the pronunciation of the infinitive ends in a vowel or voiced consonant.
	
Explicação:
The -s is pronounced like /z/ after voiced sounds.  The -s is pronounced like /s/ after voiceless sounds. . The -s is pronounced with an additional syllable - similar to "iz" - after the following endings, both voiced and voiceless which are sibilant.
 
/d/ When the pronunciation of the infinitive ends in a VOWEL OR VOICED CONSONANT.
/t/ When the pronunciation of the infinitive ends with a voiceless consonant.
/d/ When the pronunciation of the infinitive ends with an alveolar stop consonant ¿ /d/ or /t/
	
	 
	
	 5a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Question:
► Which phonetic symbol represents the sound of the digraph 'th' in the word thanks?
		
	
	/ð/
	 
	/ʧ/
	
	/t/
	
	/th/
	 
	/Ө/
	
Explicação:
Checagem: grafema, fonema e símbolo fonético.
thanks =  (θæŋks)
	
	 
	
	 6a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word has the same sound as in the past in LIVED?
		
	
	c) deducted
	
	e) initiated
	 
	b) analyzed
	
	d) laughed
	
	a) coordinated
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber o som das consoantes no fim das palavras.
Voiced
B, D, G, J, L, M, N, Ng, R, Sz, Th (then), V, W, Y e Z.
Voiceless
Ch, F, K, P, S, Sh, T e Th (thing)
 
/d/ When the pronunciation of the infinitive ends in a VOWEL OR VOICED CONSONANT.
/t/ When the pronunciation of the infinitive ends with a voiceless consonant.
/d/ When the pronunciation of the infinitive ends with an alveolar stop consonant ¿ /d/ or /t/
	
	 
	
	 7a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Read the following paragraph and complete it with the appropriate words:
A consonant is a ........ sound made by ........  or completely blocking the flow of ......... through the mouth (using the lips, teeth, ........, and palate).
		
	 
	speech  -  partially  -  air  - tongue
	
	single  -  the mouth  -  catarrh  - neck
	
	regular  -  the nose  -  catarrh  -  mouth
	 
	whole  -  partially  -  sound  -  mouth
	
	rare  -  regularly  -  lungs  -  saliva
	
Explicação:
A consonant is a basic speech sound in which the breath is at least partly obstructed and which can be combined with a vowel to form a syllable.
	
	 
	
	 8a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Question:
► Which phonetic symbol represents the sound of the digraph 'th' in the word mother?
		
	
	/th/
	
	/Ө/
	 
	/ð/
	
	/ʧ/
	
	/t/
	1a Questão
	
	
	
	Match andchoose the correct alternative according to the sound of the last consonant.
1. /s/     
2. /z/   
3. /iz/   
(   ) classes, glasses, exercises, dishes, matches  
(   ) books, desks, cats, students, tops 
(   ) rooms, moms, dads, schools, days 
		
	
	c) 2 - 1 - 3
	 
	a) 3 - 2 - 1
	 
	d) 3 - 1 - 2
	
	e) 2 - 3 - 1
	
	b) 1 - 3 - 2
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber a diferença entres ons surdos e sonoros e a pronúncia destes no fim das palavras.
The -s is pronounced like /z/ after voiced sounds.  The -s is pronounced like /s/ after voiceless sounds. . The -s is pronounced with an additional syllable - similar to "iz" - after the following endings, both voiced and voiceless which are sibilant.
	
	 
	
	 2a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Question:
► Which word from the alternatives below has the sound /ᴣ/?
		
	
	ambitious
	
	shower
	 
	Asia
	
	brother
	
	bag
	
Explicação:
 
bag - (bæɡ)
ambitious - (æmˈbɪʃ əs) 
shower -(ˈʃaʊə)
Asia - (ˈeɪ ʒə)
brother - (ˈbrʌðə)
 
 
	
	 
	
	 3a Questão
	
	
	
	
	► Choose the right alternative:
		
	
	The gh sound in enough is silent
	 
	The gh sound in enough is /f/
	
	The gh sound in enough is /g/
	
	The gh sound in enough is /v/
	
	The gh sound in enough is /d/
	
Explicação:
 
Enough = (ɪˈnʌf)
The gh sound in enough is /f/
	
	 
	
	 4a Questão
	
	
	
	
	There are many phenomena involved in a consonant pronunciation. Which alternative is NOT true?
		
	
	Approximants are divided into the following two sub-classes: liquids and semi-vowels.
	
	Approximants are speech sounds that involve the articulators approaching each other but not narrowly enough or with enough articulatory precision to create turbulent airflow.
	 
	An example of glottal is the /t/ in ¿butter¿.
	 
	Intervocalic alveolar flapping (more accurately 'tapping') is a phonological process found in many dialects of English, especially North American English and Australian English, by which T and D surface as the tap [ɾ].
	
	Glottal is a phonological phenomenon that occurs in everyday informal English. The phonetic symbol for a glottal stop is ʔ.
	
Explicação:
GLOTTAL
Glottal is a phonological phenomenon that occurs in everyday informal English. The phonetic symbol for a glottal stop is ʔ.
In a true glottal stop there is complete obstruction to the passage of air, and the result is a period of silence. Hold your breath.
 
It happens:
 
With a t-sound before unstressed vowel
Fountain ¿ Foun- tain (like a hiccup)
Cur-tain
Bu-tton
 
Before a final T
I can¿t
Let me know
 
In front of a p, t or k if there is not a vowel immediately following
e.g. captive - kÆʔptiv,
catkin¿ kÆʔtkin,
arctic¿ a:ʔktik);
	
	 
	
	 5a Questão
	
	
	
	
	In which alternative the final /d/ is pronounced as /t/?
		
	 
	e) worked
	
	c) lived
	
	b) grabbed
	
	a) played
	 
	d) listened
	
Explicação:
/d/ When the pronunciation of the infinitive ends in a VOWEL OR VOICED CONSONANT.
/t/ When the pronunciation of the infinitive ends with a voiceless consonant.
/d/ When the pronunciation of the infinitive ends with an alveolar stop consonant ¿ /d/ or /t/
	
	 
	
	 6a Questão
	
	
	
	
	In which alternative the word ends in an /iz/ sound?
		
	
	a) calls
	
	c) cats
	
	d) hotels
	
	e) walks
	 
	b) pages
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber o som das consoantes no fim das palavras.
The -s is pronounced like /z/ after voiced sounds.  The -s is pronounced like /s/ after voiceless sounds. . The -s is pronounced with an additional syllable - similar to "iz" - after the following endings, both voiced and voiceless which are sibilant.
 
/d/ When the pronunciation of the infinitive ends in a VOWEL OR VOICED CONSONANT.
/t/ When the pronunciation of the infinitive ends with a voiceless consonant.
/d/ When the pronunciation of the infinitive ends with an alveolar stop consonant ¿ /d/ or /t/
Voiced
B, D, G, J, L, M, N, Ng, R, Sz, Th (then), V, W, Y e Z.
Voiceless
Ch, F, K, P, S, Sh, T e Th (thing)
	
	 
	
	 7a Questão
	
	
	
	
	In which word the first consonant has a voiceless sound?
		
	
	d) then
	 
	a) paint
	
	b) bet
	
	e) mend
	 
	c) get
	
Explicação:
Voiced
B, D, G, J, L, M, N, Ng, R, Sz, Th (then), V, W, Y e Z.
Voiceless
Ch, F, K, P, S, Sh, T e Th (thing)
 
 
	
	 
	
	 8a Questão
	
	
	
	
	In which word the first consonant has a voiced sound?
		
	
	c) kind
	
	d) home
	 
	b) priest
	 
	e) deed
	
	a) think
	1a Questão
	
	
	
	In which word the first consonant has a voiced sound?
		
	
	e) fight
	 
	a) bat
	
	d) kite
	 
	b) pet
	
	c) tuna
	
Explicação:
Pretende-se que o aluno saiba diferenciar sons surdos e sonoros. 
Voiced
B, D, G, J, L, M, N, Ng, R, Sz, Th (then), V, W, Y e Z.
Voiceless
Ch, F, K, P, S, Sh, T e Th (thing)
	
	 
	
	 2a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Question:
► Which phonetic symbol represents the sound of the digraph 'ch' in the word child?
		
	 
	/ʧ/
	
	/ʤ/
	
	/ʃ/
	
	/ᴣ/
	
	/t/
	
Explicação:
Pretende-se que o aluno saiba identificar os fonemas em inglês e sua transcrição.
child = (tʃaɪld)
	
	 
	
	 3a Questão
	
	
	
	
	In which word the first consonant has a voiceless sound?
		
	
	Mother.
	
	Boat.
	
	Then.
	 
	Thought.
	
	These.
	
Explicação:
Voiced
B, D, G, J, L, M, N, Ng, R, Sz, Th (then), V, W, Y e Z.
Voiceless
Ch, F, K, P, S, Sh, T e Th (thing)
	
	 
	
	 4a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Choose the alternative in which all the words begin with a voiceless consonant.
		
	
	e) cake - chair - rouge - pay - shoe
	 
	a) cake - chair - fun - pay - away
	 
	c) cake - chair - fun - pay - shoe
	
	d) go - sit - me - no - zoo
	
	b) jaw - chair - fun - pay - shoe
	
Explicação:
Pretende-se saber se o aluno sabe quais sons são surdos e quais são sonoros.
Voiced
B, D, G, J, L, M, N, Ng, R, Sz, Th (then), V, W, Y e Z.
Voiceless
Ch, F, K, P, S, Sh, T e Th (thing)
 
 
	
	 
	
	 5a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word has the same sound as in the past in TALKED?
		
	
	c) organized
	
	e) planned
	
	b) owned
	 
	d) stopped
	
	a) bribed
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber o som das consoantes no fim das palavras.
Voiced
B, D, G, J, L, M, N, Ng, R, Sz, Th (then), V, W, Y e Z.
Voiceless
Ch, F, K, P, S, Sh, T e Th (thing)
 
/d/ When the pronunciation of the infinitive ends in a VOWEL OR VOICED CONSONANT.
/t/ When the pronunciation of the infinitive ends with a voiceless consonant.
/d/ When the pronunciation of the infinitive ends with an alveolar stop consonant ¿ /d/ or /t/
	
	 
	
	 6a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Question:
► Which word from the alternatives below has the sound /ᴣ/?
		
	
	Church
	
	Suggest
	 
	Television
	
	Think
	
	Wish
	
Explicação:
think =(θɪŋk)
wish = (wɪʃ)
suggest =(səˈdʒɛst; US səɡˈdʒɛst)
television = (ˈtɛlɪˌvɪʒən)
church = (tʃɜːtʃ)
 
	
	 
	
	 7a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Question:
►The grapheme 'x' in fox has as its phonetic symbol(s):
		
	 
	/k/ and /z/
	
	/x/
	
	/g/ and /z/
	 
	/k/ and /s/
	
	/k/ and /ʃ/
	
Explicação:
Checagem: grafema, fonema, símbolo fonético.
fox =  (fɒks)
	
	 
	
	 8a Questão
	
	
	
	
	In which word the final "s" has an /s/ sound?
		
	
	e) hugs
	
	b)hotels
	 
	a) walksc) babies
	
	d) rings
	1a Questão
	
	
	
	Match and choose the correct alternative according to the sound of the last consonant.
1. /s/     
2. /z/   
3. /iz/   
(   ) classes, glasses, exercises, dishes, matches  
(   ) books, desks, cats, students, tops 
(   ) rooms, moms, dads, schools, days 
		
	
	e) 2 - 3 - 1
	 
	b) 1 - 3 - 2
	
	c) 2 - 1 - 3
	
	a) 3 - 2 - 1
	 
	d) 3 - 1 - 2
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber a diferença entres ons surdos e sonoros e a pronúncia destes no fim das palavras.
The -s is pronounced like /z/ after voiced sounds.  The -s is pronounced like /s/ after voiceless sounds. . The -s is pronounced with an additional syllable - similar to "iz" - after the following endings, both voiced and voiceless which are sibilant.
	
	 
	
	 2a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Question:
► Which word from the alternatives below has the sound /ᴣ/?
		
	
	shower
	
	bag
	
	ambitious
	 
	Asia
	
	brother
	
Explicação:
 
bag - (bæɡ)
ambitious - (æmˈbɪʃ əs) 
shower -(ˈʃaʊə)
Asia - (ˈeɪ ʒə)
brother - (ˈbrʌðə)
 
 
	
	 
	
	 3a Questão
	
	
	
	
	In which word the first consonant has a voiceless sound?
		
	
	Mother.
	
	These.
	
	Then.
	
	Boat.
	 
	Thought.
	
Explicação:
Voiced
B, D, G, J, L, M, N, Ng, R, Sz, Th (then), V, W, Y e Z.
Voiceless
Ch, F, K, P, S, Sh, T e Th (thing)
	
	 
	
	 4a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Choose the alternative in which all the words begin with a voiceless consonant.
		
	 
	c) cake - chair - fun - pay - shoe
	
	d) go - sit - me - no - zoo
	
	a) cake - chair - fun - pay - away
	
	e) cake - chair - rouge - pay - shoe
	
	b) jaw - chair - fun - pay - shoe
	
Explicação:
Pretende-se saber se o aluno sabe quais sons são surdos e quais são sonoros.
Voiced
B, D, G, J, L, M, N, Ng, R, Sz, Th (then), V, W, Y e Z.
Voiceless
Ch, F, K, P, S, Sh, T e Th (thing)
 
 
	
	 
	
	 5a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word has the same sound as in the past in TALKED?
		
	 
	d) stopped
	
	b) owned
	
	a) bribed
	
	c) organized
	
	e) planned
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber o som das consoantes no fim das palavras.
Voiced
B, D, G, J, L, M, N, Ng, R, Sz, Th (then), V, W, Y e Z.
Voiceless
Ch, F, K, P, S, Sh, T e Th (thing)
 
/d/ When the pronunciation of the infinitive ends in a VOWEL OR VOICED CONSONANT.
/t/ When the pronunciation of the infinitive ends with a voiceless consonant.
/d/ When the pronunciation of the infinitive ends with an alveolar stop consonant ¿ /d/ or /t/
	
	 
	
	 6a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Question:
► Which word from the alternatives below has the sound /ᴣ/?
		
	
	Wish
	
	Suggest
	 
	Television
	
	Church
	
	Think
	
Explicação:
think =(θɪŋk)
wish = (wɪʃ)
suggest =(səˈdʒɛst; US səɡˈdʒɛst)
television = (ˈtɛlɪˌvɪʒən)
church = (tʃɜːtʃ)
 
	
	 
	
	 7a Questão
	
	
	
	
	In which word the final "s" has an /s/ sound?
		
	
	e) hugs
	
	c) babies
	 
	a) walks
	
	b)hotels
	
	d) rings
	
Explicação:
Voiced
B, D, G, J, L, M, N, Ng, R, Sz, Th (then), V, W, Y e Z.
Voiceless
Ch, F, K, P, S, Sh, T e Th (thing)
 
The -s is pronounced like /z/ after voiced sounds.  The -s is pronounced like /s/ after voiceless sounds. . The -s is pronounced with an additional syllable - similar to "iz" - after the following endings, both voiced and voiceless which are sibilant.
	
	 
	
	 8a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Question:
►The grapheme 'x' in fox has as its phonetic symbol(s):
		
	
	/g/ and /z/
	
	/k/ and /ʃ/
	
	/x/
	
	/k/ and /z/
	 
	/k/ and /s/
AULA 05
	 1a Questão
	
	
	
	In which alternative there is an R-controlled vowel?
		
	
	d)Meet
	 
	a) Part
	 
	e)Through
	
	b)Calm
	
	c)See
	
Explicação:
"Part" is the only word in which the vowel is followed by an /r/.
When a vowel is followed by an r, the r changes the sound that the vowel makes. The vowel is called an r-controlled vowel. Sometimes teachers refer to the ¿r¿ as the ¿bossy r¿ because the r ¿bosses¿ the vowel to make a new sound. When the ¿a¿ is followed by r, it makes the sound you hear in ¿bar¿ or ¿car¿. When the ¿o¿ is followed by the r, it makes the sound you hear in the word ¿corn¿. The ¿ir¿, ¿ur¿ and ¿er¿ make the same sound /er/ as in the words ¿bird¿, ¿fur¿ and ¿her¿.
	
	 
	
	 2a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word has a long vowel sound?
		
	
	e) bad
	
	d) men
	
	b) bet
	
	c) man
	 
	a) beat
	
Explicação:
a) beat - EA - long
b) bet - E - short
c) man - A - short
d) men - E - short
e) bad - A - short
 
 
	
	 
	
	 3a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word has a short vowel sound?
		
	 
	c)My
	
	e)Paper
	 
	a)Fat
	
	d)Unit
	
	b)Place
	
Explicação:
 
fat =/fæt/
place  =/pleɪs/
my =/maɪ/
unit  =/ˈjuːnɪt/
paper = /ˈpeɪpə(r)/
 
	
	 
	
	 4a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word has a long sound?
		
	 
	d) men
	 
	a) sea
	
	c) bad
	
	b) bed
	
	e) let
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber diferenciar fonemas curtos e longos em inglês.
sea - EA - long
bed - E - short
bad - A - short
men - E - short
let - E - short.
	
	 
	
	 5a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word has a long vowel sound?
		
	
	a)Bed
	
	b)Bad
	 
	d)He
	
	c)Sammy
	 
	e)Apple
	
Explicação:
bed =/bed/
bad =/bæd/
Sammy =/ˈsæmi/
He = /hiː/
Apple = /ˈæp(ə)l/
 
	
	 
	
	 6a Questão
	
	
	
	
	In which alternative there is a free vowel?
		
	
	putt
	 
	put
	
	bet
	
	bat
	 
	bee
	
Explicação:
In phonetics and phonology, checked vowels are those that usually must be followed by a consonant in a stressed syllable, while free vowels are those that may stand in a stressed open syllable with no following consonant. The free vowels are:
/iː/ as in bee
/eɪ/as in bay
/ɝː/as in boo
/oʊ/as in toe, no
/ɔː/as in paw
/ɑː/as in bra
/ɝː/as in burr
/aɪ/as in buy
/aʊ/ as in cow, now
/ɔɪ/as in boy
	
	 
	
	 7a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word has the vowel sound /ei/?
		
	
	c) sad
	
	d) said
	
	e) cat
	
	a) happy
	 
	b) make
	
Explicação:
happy /e/
sad /e/
said /e/
cat /e/
make /ei/
 
	
	 
	
	 8a Questão
	
	
	
	
	What is the RIGHT alternative considering the schwa sound?
		
	
	c)In the word "bad", the "a" is a schwa.
	
	b)In the word "pencil", the "e" is a schwa.
	
	e)In the word "sing", the "i" is a schwa.
	 
	a)In the word "paper", the "a" is a schwa.
	 
	d)In the word "supply", the "u" is a schwa.
	1a Questão
	
	
	
	Which vowel is NOT r-controlled?
		
	 
	d) cat
	
	e) cord
	
	b) bar
	 
	c) bird
	
	a) car
	
Explicação:
"Cat" is the only word without /r/. 
When a vowel is followed by an r, the r changes the sound that the vowel makes.  The vowel is called an r-controlled vowel.  Sometimes teachers refer to the ¿r¿ as the ¿bossy r¿ because the r ¿bosses¿ the vowel to make a new sound.  When the ¿a¿ is followed by r, it makes the sound you hear in ¿bar¿ or ¿car¿.  When the ¿o¿ is followed by the r, it makes the sound you hear in the word ¿corn¿.  The ¿ir¿, ¿ur¿ and ¿er¿ make the same sound /er/ as in the words ¿bird¿, ¿fur¿ and ¿her¿.
	
	 
	
	 2a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word sounds different?
		
	 
	e) taught
	
	c) what
	 
	b)knot
	
	a) hot
	
	d) spot
	
Explicação:
hot - /hɒt/
knot -/nɒt/
what -  /wɒt/
spot - /spɒt/
taught -/tɔ:t/
 
 
	
	 
	
	 3a Questão
	
	
	
	
	In which alternative there is a checked vowel?
		
	
	bay
	
	boo
	 
	bit
	
	cow
	
	bra
	
Explicação:
In phonetics and phonology, checked vowels are those that usually must be followed by a consonant in a stressed syllable, while free vowels are those that may stand in a stressed open syllable with no following consonant. In General American, the five checked vowels are:
/ɪ/ as in bit
/ɛ/ as in bet
/æ/ as in bat
/ʊ/as in put
/ʌ/as in putt
There are a few exceptions, mostly in onomatopoeias: yeah /jæ/; eh /ɛ/; duh, huh, uh, uh-uh, and uh-huh with /ʌ/.
	
	 
	
	 4a Questão
	
	
	
	
	In which alternative does the vowel have a short sound?
		
	
	e) meet
	 
	b) caught
	
	d) too
	 
	a) bet
	
	c) leave
	
Explicação:
o aluno deve saber a diferença entre vogais com sons curtos e longos. 
Bet - E - short
caught - AU - long
leave - EA - long
too - OO - long
meet - EE - long
 
	
	 
	
	 5a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word has a short /a/ sound?
		
	
	d) made
	
	c) nail
	 
	b) bake
	 
	e) act
	
	a) mail
	
Explicação:
 
mail - long sound
bake - long sound
nail - long sound
made - long sound
act - short sound
 
	
	 
	
	 6a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word sounds different?
		
	
	c) cut
	 
	e) butter
	
	d) another
	 
	a) cot
	
	b) nut
	
Explicação:
Pretende-se que o aluno saiba identificar os fonemas em inglês em diferentes palavras.
cot - (kŏt)
nut - U -  /ʌ/
cut - U - /ʌ/
another - O -  /ʌ/
butter U -  /ʌ/
	
	 
	
	 7a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word sounds different?
		
	 
	c) read (in the past)
	
	a) bed
	
	b) said
	 
	e) read (in the present)
	
	d) head
	
Explicação:
Pretende-se que o aluno saiba identificar os fonemas em inglês em diferentes palavras.
bed, sais, read (pas), head = /ɛ/
read (present) =  (riːd)
 
	
	 
	
	 8a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word sounds different?
		
	
	e) weigh
	
	d) say
	 
	c) monkey
	
	b) grey
	 
	a) may
	1a Questão
	
	
	
	Which word sounds different?
		
	
	a)cook
	 
	e)tool
	
	c)look
	
	d)hook
	
	b)book
	
Explicação:
 
cook =/kʊk/
book =/bʊk/
look=/lʊk/
hook =/hʊk/
tool =/tuːl/
 
 
	
	 
	
	 2a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word has a long sound?
		
	
	b) Tom
	
	c) jog
	
	a) bop
	
	e) son
	 
	d) road
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber diferenciar fonemas curtos e longos em inglês.
bop - O- short
Tom - O - short
jog - O - short
road - OA - long
son - O - short
	
	
	 
	
	 3a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word has a short vowel sound?
		
	
	e) lake
	 
	b) seat
	 
	d) come
	
	a) fake
	
	c) vase
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber diferenciar fonemas curtos e longos em inglês.
fake - A (ei) - long
seat - EA - long
vase - A ( ei) - long
lake - A - (ei) - long
come - (kʌm) - short
	
	 
	
	 4a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word sounds different?
		
	
	a) you
	
	e) two
	 
	b) low
	 
	c) through
	
	d) do (strong form)
	
Explicação:
Pretende-se que o aluno saiba identificar os fonemas em inglês e associá-los aos grafemas.
you -  (juː; unstressed jʊ)
low -(ləʊ)
through -(θruː)
do - (duː)
two - (tuː)
	
	 
	
	 5a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word has a long vowel sound?
		
	
	a) fun
	
	d) hill
	
	c) kit
	
	b) rich
	 
	e) reach
	
Explicação:
fun =/fʌn/
rich =/rɪtʃ/
kit =/kɪt/
hill =/hɪl/
 
reach = /riːtʃ/
	
	 
	
	 6a Questão
	
	
	
	
	In which alternative the vowel has a long sound?
		
	 
	seen
	
	man
	 
	men
	
	been
	
	bed
	
Explicação:
bed - /bɛd/
been - /bɪn/
seen -/siːn/
man -  /mæn/
men - /mɛn/
 
 
	
	 
	
	 7a Questão
	
	
	
	
	In which alternative all the vowels have a short sound?
		
	
	d)Hill - bean - bin - fun --but
	 
	c)But - beach - seat - hit - meet
	
	e)Cane - bad - bed - set - seat
	
	a)Vase - see - meet - hit - beach
	 
	b)Bitch - hit - fun - bad - but
	
Explicação:
 
meet - see - beach = long vowel sound
beach - seat - meet =  long vowel sound
bean  =  long vowel sound
cane - seat =  long vowel sound
	
	 
	
	 8a Questão
	
	
	
	
	In which word the vowel has a long sound?
		
	
	said
	 
	whom
	
	again
	
	says
	 
	) against
	1a Questão
	
	
	
	Which word does not have a schwa sound?
		
	
	e)Supply
	 
	c)Thought
	
	d)Sibyl
	
	a)About
	
	b)Taken
	
Explicação:
Thought - It is the only word with one syllable. /θɔːt/
	
	 
	
	 2a Questão
	
	
	
	
	In which word the vowel has a short sound?
		
	
	nail
	
	gray
	
	main
	
	whom
	 
	been
	
Explicação:
 
whom - long sound - exception
been - short  sound
gray - long sound /ei/
nail - long sound /ei/
main - long sound /ei/
SIGHT WORDS
Sight words are also called IRREGULAR WORDS OR OUTLAW WORDS. They are words that not follow these rules of long and short sound.
WHOM ¿ This should have short vowel sounds because they are closed syllables, like sat and cot, BUT IT HAS A LONG SOUND.
AGAIN, AGAINST, SAYS AND SAID ¿ These should have long a sounds because of the ai vowel combination, like say and pain. (digraph). Attention to the sound, BUT THEY HAVE A SHORT SOUND.
BEEN ¿ This should have a long e sound, like seen, BUT IT HAS A SHORT SOUND
The vowels i and o have the long vowel sound when followed by two or more consonants. Exceptions: MONTH, FRONT, OTHER,AMONG. (SHORT VOWEL SOUND)
When the vowel "o" is followed by "i," the two-vowel rule is not followed, as in "BOIL." ¿ neither long nor short.
	
	
	 
	
	 3a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word has a short vowel sound?
		
	 
	a) heat
	
	e) heart
	
	c) arrive
	
	b) meet
	 
	d) fun
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber diferenciar fonemas curtos e longos em inglês.
heat - EA - long
meet - EE - long
arrive - I (ai) - long
heart - A: - long
fun - U - short
 
	
	 
	
	 4a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word sounds different?
		
	
	a) write
	
	e)white
	
	b) fight
	 
	c)plate
	 
	d)light
	
Explicação:
write =/raɪt/
fight =/faɪt/
plate =/pleɪt/
light =/laɪt/
white = /waɪt/
	
	 
	
	 5a Questão
	
	
	
	
	In which alternative does the vowel have a long sound?
		
	
	a) put
	 
	d) hit
	 
	c) meat
	
	e) hat
	
	b) tab
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber diferenciar fonemas curtos e longos em inglês.
put - U - short
tab - A - short
meat - EA - long
hit - I - short
hat - A - short
 
	
	 
	
	 6a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which has the same sound as in MALL?
		
	
	d) open
	
	b) clothes
	
	e) soul
	 
	a) call
	
	c) soap
	
Explicação:
mall =/mɔːl/
call =/kɔːl/
clothes =/kləʊðz/
soap = /səʊp/
soul = /səʊl/
open= /ˈəʊpən/
 
	
	 
	
	 7a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word has the following sound : /ɔ:/
		
	
	e) leave
	 
	d) too
	
	c) word
	
	b) part
	 
	a) caught
	
Explicação:
caught - /kɔːt/
part -/pɑː(r)t/
word -/wɜː(r)d/
too -  /tuː/
leave -  /liːv/
	
	 
	
	 8a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word has a long vowel sound?
		
	
	a)Bed
	 
	d)He
	
	e)Apple
	
	b)Bad
	
	c)Sammy
	1a Questão
	
	
	
	In which alternative there is an R-controlled vowel?
		
	 
	a) Part
	
	e)Through
	
	d)Meet
	 
	c)See
	
	b)Calm
	
Explicação:
"Part" is the only word in which the vowel is followed by an /r/.
When a vowel is followed by an r, the r changes the sound that the vowel makes. The vowel is called an r-controlled vowel. Sometimes teachers refer to the ¿r¿ as the ¿bossy r¿ because the r ¿bosses¿ the vowel to make a new sound. When the ¿a¿ is followed by r, it makes the sound you hear in ¿bar¿ or ¿car¿. When the ¿o¿ is followed by the r, it makes the sound you hear in the word ¿corn¿. The ¿ir¿, ¿ur¿ and ¿er¿ make the same sound /er/ as in the words ¿bird¿, ¿fur¿ and ¿her¿.
	
	 
	
	 2a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word has a long vowel sound?
		
	
	b) bet
	 
	d) men
	
	e) bad
	 
	a) beat
	
	c) man
	
Explicação:
a) beat - EA - long
b) bet - E - short
c) man - A - short
d) men - E - short
e) bad - A - short
 
 
	
	 
	
	 3a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word has a short vowel sound?
		
	
	c)My
	
	b)Place
	
	e)Paper
	
	d)Unit
	 
	a)Fat
	
Explicação:
 
fat =/fæt/
place  =/pleɪs/
my =/maɪ/
unit  =/ˈjuːnɪt/
paper = /ˈpeɪpə(r)/
 
	
	 
	
	 4a Questão
	
	
	
	
	What is the RIGHT alternative considering the schwa sound?
		
	 
	c)In the word "bad", the "a" is a schwa.
	
	b)In the word "pencil", the "e" is a schwa.
	
	a)In the word "paper", the "a" is a schwa.
	
	e)In the word "sing", the "i" is a schwa.
	 
	d)In the word "supply", the "u" is a schwa.
	
Explicação:
Schwa It is a sound that appears only in unstressed syllables. It happens to the vowel that comes immediately after or before the stressed vowel.
like the 'a' in about [əbaʊt]
like the 'e' in taken [ˈteɪkən]
like the 'i' in pencil [ˈpɛnsəl]
like the 'o' in eloquent [ˈɛləkwənt]
like the 'u' in supply [səˈplaɪ]
	
	 
	
	 5a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word has a long sound?
		
	
	d) men
	
	b) bed
	
	c) bad
	
	e) let
	 
	a) sea
	
Explicação:
O aluno deve saber diferenciar fonemas curtos e longos em inglês.
sea - EA - long
bed - E - short
bad - A - short
men - E - short
let - E - short.
	
	 
	
	 6a Questão
	
	
	
	
	In which alternative there is a free vowel?
		
	 
	bat
	
	putt
	
	bet
	 
	bee
	
	put
	
Explicação:
In phonetics and phonology, checked vowels are those that usually must be followed by a consonant in a stressed syllable, while free vowels are those that may stand in a stressed open syllable with no following consonant. The free vowels are:
/iː/ as in bee
/eɪ/as in bay
/ɝː/as in boo
/oʊ/as in toe, no
/ɔː/as in paw
/ɑː/as in bra
/ɝː/as in burr
/aɪ/as in buy
/aʊ/ as in cow, now
/ɔɪ/as in boy
	
	 
	
	 7a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word has the vowel sound /ei/?
		
	 
	b) make
	
	c) sad
	
	a) happy
	
	e) cat
	 
	d) said
	
Explicação:
happy /e/
sad /e/
said /e/
cat /e/
make /ei/
 
	
	 
	
	 
8a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which word has a short /a/ sound?
		
	 
	e) act
	
	c) nail
	
	b) bake
	
	a) mail
	
	d) made