LEITURA E REDAÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA - AULA 03

Prévia do material em texto

LEITURA E REDAÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA 
AULA 03 – DESCRIPTION OF A PARAGRAPH - ITS ORGANIZATION AND THE USE OF THE 
PRESENT SIMPLE TO DESCRIBE ROUTINE 
 
 1a Questão 
 
 
READ the text below: 
"The maintenance of order in pre-state societies is rooted in a commonality of material interests. The greater 
the amount of common interests, the less need there is for law-and-order specialists. Among band-level 
cultures law and order stem directly from the relations between people and the natural habitat from which 
subsistence is derived. All adults usually have open access to this habitat: the rivers, lakes, beaches, oceans; 
all the plants and animals; the soil and the subsoil. In so far as these are basic to the extraction of life-
sustaining energy and materials they are communal "property." 
(Adapted from: http://www.uefap.com/writing/exercise) 
►The topic sentence of the previous paragraph is (choose the right option): 
 
 
In so far as these are basic to the extraction of life-sustaining energy and materials they are 
communal "property." 
 
Among band-level cultures law and order stem directly from the relations between people and the 
natural habitat from which subsistence is derived 
 The maintenance of order in pre-state societies is rooted in a commonality of material interests 
 
All adults usually have open access to this habitat: the rivers, lakes, beaches, oceans; 
 
The greater the amount of common interests, the less need there is for law-and-order specialists 
 
 2a Questão 
 
 
READ the text below: 
"Anthropology is the study of humankind, especially of Homo sapiens, the biological species to which we 
human beings belong. It is the study of how our species evolved from more primitive organisms; it is also 
the study of how our species developed a mode of communication known as language and a mode of social 
life known as culture. It is the study of how culture evolved and diversified. And finally, it is the study of how 
culture, people, and nature interact wherever human beings are found." 
► Identify the topic sentences in the previous paragraph. 
 
 
And finally, it is the study of how culture, people, and nature interact wherever human beings are 
found. 
 
it is also the study of how our species developed a mode of communication known as language and 
a mode of social life known as culture. 
 
It is the study of how our species evolved from more primitive organisms. 
 
It is the study of how culture evolved and diversified 
 Anthropology is the study of humankind. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3a Questão 
 
 
Read the two sentences below and decide how they are related. 
"Sometimes when we don't get enough sleep we become very short-tempered." 
"It is important to set a time to go to bed that is realistic." 
 
 
The second sentence contradicts the first. 
 
The first sentence explains the meaning of the second. 
 
The second sentence makes a digression concerning the first. 
 
The second sentence explains why a lack of sleep afffects us. 
 The second sentence proposes a solution. 
 
 4a Questão 
 
 
READ the text below: 
A quick tour through my house will convince you that I am an extremely messy person. In fact, some would 
say I'm a slob. Starting in my bedroom, you will see clothes tossed around as if thieves had just looted the 
place. T-shirts dangle from door knobs, socks sit balled up on top of the dresser, and blue jeans cover the 
floor like a drop cloth. A trail of shoes and sneakers leads you out of the bedroom and into the bathroom. 
There you will stand on a sopping towel and see a blow-dryer and a copy of Newsweek lying on the sink 
alongside an uncapped tube of Crest. 
►Mark the option which presents the topic sentence of the previous text: 
 
 
T-shirts dangle from door knobs. 
 
you will see clothes tossed around as if thieves had just looted the place. 
 
Newsweek lying on the sink alongside an uncapped tube of Crest. 
 A quick tour through my house will convince you that I am an extremely messy person. 
 
A trail of shoes and sneakers leads you out of the bedroom. 
 
 5a Questão 
 
 
Leia o parágrafo abaixo e escolha a alternativa que apresenta sua idéia principal: 
Carla, I would like to inform you that it has been interesting and profitable working with you, said Mr . 
Oliveira, when he called her to come to his office that morning. You are a very nice young lady, but it 
seems we need someone to work here who would have a more dynamic personality. Therefore, I have to 
ask you to resign your position here and wish you have all the luck to find a new position at another 
company. 
 
 
O Sr. Oliveira deseja que Carla encotre um emprego melhor. 
 O Sr. Oliveira está educadamente demitindo Carla. 
 
O Sr. Oliveira quer promover Carla. 
 
O Sr. Oliveira pensa que Carla é boa demais para o cargo que ocupa 
 
O Sr. Oliveira pensa que Carla não gosta do emprego. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 6a Questão 
 
 
READ the text below: 
"Though the United States has spent billions of dollars on foreign aid programs, it has captured neither the 
affection nor esteem of the rest of the world. In many countries today Americans are cordially disliked; in 
others merely tolerated. The reasons for this sad state of affairs are many and varied, and some of them are 
beyond the control of anything this country might do to try to correct them. But harsh as it may seem to the 
ordinary citizen, filled as he is with good intentions and natural generosity, much of the foreigners' animosity 
has been generated by the way Americans behave." 
(Adapted from: http://www.uefap.com/writing/exercise) 
The topic sentences in the previous paragraph is (choose the right option): 
 
 
The reasons for this sad state of affairs are many and varied, 
 
and some of them are beyond the control of anything this country might do to try to correct them. 
 
much of the foreigners' animosity has been generated by the way Americans behave. 
 
In many countries today Americans are cordially disliked; in others merely tolerated. 
 Though the United States has spent billions of dollars on foreign aid programs, it has captured 
neither the affection nor esteem of the rest of the world. 
 
 7a Questão 
 
 
It is important to know how to write a paragraph. Below you find certain rules you should follow in order to 
write a good paragraph and to know how to write term papers. EXCEPT FOR ONE. Choose the alternative 
that is WRONG: 
 
 
You should write at least three sentences supporting your ideas, with facts, reasons, examples, 
statistics, comparison, or an anecdote. 
 There is no need of being coherent and cohesive when writing a paragraph. 
 
Your first sentence should be a topic sentence and should contain the topic and an opinion on the 
topic. 
 
Last, you should have a concluding sentence which reasserts your opinion, but does not have the 
same wording. Going by these helpful rules will lead to good paragraph writing. 
 
It should strictly not contain any supporting ideas which MUST feature in the next sentence. 
 
 8a Questão 
 
 
Choose the alternative which classifies correctly the word given in bold letters: (Escolha a alternativa que 
classifica corretamente a palavra em negrito 
 Mary fasted for a week. 
 
 
 
 Verb 
 
Adjective 
 
Adverb 
 
Conjunction 
 
Preposition 
 
 
 
 
 1a Questão 
 
 
READ the sentences below: 
[1] Finally, two weeks later, I was so excited I could barely pack. 
[2] I just couldn´t believe my eyes when he told me that. Everything was about to change the summerafter 
my sophomore year of high school. 
[3] At that time, my dad announced that we were going to Singapore for vacation! 
[4] Today I've been all over the world, but until I was 15 I had never left the United States. 
 
► What is the most logical order for the sentences above? 
 
 
4, 2, 3, 1 
 
1, 3, 2, 4 
 
3, 2, 1, 4 
 4, 3, 2, 1 
 
1, 2, 3, 4 (as it is now) 
 
 2a Questão 
 
 
Leia o texto com atenção e assinale a alternativa que apresenta um exemplo de mau comportamento 
acidental: 
Children and Difficult Behaviour /May 2010 - Newsweek 
 Every child misbehaves from time to time. This is always distressing to us as parents because we would all 
like to be perfect parents of perfect children! Children can misbehave by accident or on purpose, and it is 
important to understand the difference, for example: ¿ Accidental misbehaviour - Your eight-year old 
throws a snowball in a friendly snowball fight and injure another child because a stone was accidentally 
packed into the snowball. ¿ Intentional misbehaviour - Your child steals candy from the corner store after 
you refused to give his/ her allowance two days early. The most important things you can do are to be 
patient, avoid losing your temper and remember that love is more persuasive than punishment. Before you 
act, try to think a few things through - ask yourself questions. Then, act as calmly and as thoughtfully as 
you can. 
 
 Dropping a glass. 
 
Stealing a toy, 
 
Using bad language, 
 
Destroying property, 
 
Lying to parents, 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3a Questão 
 
 
Leia este parágrafo para responder à pergunta abaixo 
"It seems the art of survival - or continual positive projection - in the world of pop music these days, 
depends very much on change. If artists fail to recreate their persona-chameleon-like, over and over again, 
they risk facing accusations of dullness; that they are not fashionable." 
O ponto principal deste número é dizer ao leitor que os artistas precisam: 
 
 
not be fashionalble 
 
avoid being dull at all costs 
 recreate themselves to survive 
 
keep an image that the public knows and loves 
 
stay sexy to survive 
 
 4a Questão 
 
 
About adverbs, it is correct to assert that: ( Pense no emprego dos advérbios e escolha a frase que 
apresenta uma afirmação verdadeira sobre eles) 
 
 
They are descriptive words which convey the sense of which, what kind, or how many/much. 
 
They substitute nouns and may be personal, reflexive, interrogative, relative, demonstrative or 
indefinite. 
 
They help us create smooth and logical transitions between one part of a sentence to another and 
are also responsible for the creation of different types of linking between these parts. 
 
They represent people, places or things and can be physical entities or abstract ideas. They may 
serve as subjects, direct objects, indirect objects or objects of the preposition. 
 They are words that express ideas of how, when, where, or why. Its meaning can be applied to a 
verb, an adjective, or to another adverb. 
 
 5a Questão 
 
 
Leia o texto com atenção e assinale a alternativa em que a resposta não combina com a pergunta. 
Considere o conteúdo do texto para fazer a sua opção: 
FOR THE LOVE OF CHILDREN 
 Camille and Mike Geraldi live in London and they love their children. It¿s a good thing they do because 
they have 22.Mike and Camille met when they were working at the same hospital. Mike was a pediatrician 
and Camille was a nurse. After dating for two years, they got married. Soon they had two healthy 
daughters so they moved to a bigger house. Two months later, a baby-girl was abandoned at the hospital 
where they worked. They decided to adopt the abandoned child. They soon realized that they needed to do 
something to help the children in need. So they started to adopt babies and toddlers who are mentally and 
physically challenged. Now they have twenty-two children and twenty of them were adopted. Their eldest 
children help Camille with the younger ones. Also, three adults come to their house to help them every day. 
Camille and Mike are tired but happy. They are proud to take care of such a number of kids. They say they 
truly enjoy their lives and the choice they once made of adopting their children. 
 
 
What do Camille and Mike do? Camille is a nurse and Mike is a pediatrician. 
 How can they cope with such a large family? They manage to take care of the children and the 
house without any help. 
 
How many children of their own do they have? They have two daughters of their own 
 
Why can we say that Camille and Mike love children? //Because besides the two daughters they had 
they adopted 20 challenged children. 
 
Why did they decide to adopt children? A baby-girl was abandoned at the hospital where they 
worked. They soon realized that they needed to do something to help the children in need. 
 
 
 6a Questão 
 
 
Mark the option which completes the following sentence: My father is very absent minded and always ------
--------his keys. 
 
 
keeps 
 forgets 
 
finds 
 
brings 
 
catches 
 
 7a Questão 
 
 
Identify the topic sentences in the following paragraph. 
"The maintenance of order in pre-state societies is rooted in a commonality of material interests. The 
greater the amount of common interests, the less need there is for law-and-order specialists. Among band-
level cultures law and order stem directly from the relations between people and the natural habitat from 
which subsistence is derived. All adults usually have open access to this habitat: the rivers, lakes, beaches, 
oceans; all the plants and animals; the soil and the subsoil. In so far as these are basic to the extraction of 
life-sustaining energy and materials they are communal "property." 
 
 
In so far as these are basic to the extraction of life-sustaining energy and materials they are 
communal "property." 
 
The greater the amount of common interests, the less need there is for law-and-order specialists 
 The maintenance of order in pre-state societies is rooted in a commonality of material interests 
 
All adults usually have open access to this habitat: the rivers, lakes, beaches, oceans; 
 
Among band-level cultures law and order stem directly from the relations between people and the 
natural habitat from which subsistence is derived 
 
 8a Questão 
 
 
There are some basic uses of the simple present tense. We use it for, except: 
 
 
Permanent truths 
 Non-habitual actions. 
 
Observations and declarations 
 
The present period (= this is the situation at present). 
 
Future references (for timetables, etc). 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1a Questão 
 
 
 
 Leia a seguinte passagem sobre as rotinas de Paulo Souza e de seu amigo Paul, 
escolhendo um dos verbos entre parênteses para completer cada sentença: 
My name is Paulo Souza and I am a doctor. I work at a big hospital in Resende. I get 
up very early and I usually ( have/ has) a small breakfast. I eat fruit, bread, cheese 
and I generally drink coffee, but my friend Paul, who is an American, always ( 
have/has) bacon and eggs for breakfast. He ( eat/eats) bacon and eggs and ( 
drink/drinks) orange juice. After breakfast we go to work. Paul ( go/goes) downtown 
by subway. At midday, we stop for lunch. I try to eat healthy food but Paul ( do/does) 
not ( worry/worries) about that. He ( try/tries) to find a place where he can eat far 
food. Then, we go back to work and in the evening we go home. I never drink alcoholic 
drinks, but he (do/does). I go to bed by eleven butPaul always ( watch/ watches/ a 
good film before sleeping. 
Assinale a alternativa cujos verbos completam corretamente as sentenças do texto. 
 
 have/has/eats/drinks/goes/does/worry/tries/does/watches 
 
have/have/eats/drink/go/do/worries/tries/do/watches 
 
have/has/eats/drinks/go/do/worry/tries/do/watches 
 
has/has/eats/drinks/go/do/worry/try/do/watch 
 
has/have/eat/drink/go/do/worry/try/do/watch 
 
 2a Questão 
 
 
READ the text below: 
"The maintenance of order in pre-state societies is rooted in a commonality of material interests. The greater 
the amount of common interests, the less need there is for law-and-order specialists. Among band-level 
cultures law and order stem directly from the relations between people and the natural habitat from which 
subsistence is derived. All adults usually have open access to this habitat: the rivers, lakes, beaches, oceans; 
all the plants and animals; the soil and the subsoil. In so far as these are basic to the extraction of life-
sustaining energy and materials they are communal "property." 
(Adapted from: http://www.uefap.com/writing/exercise) 
►The topic sentence of the previous paragraph is (choose the right option): 
 
 
The greater the amount of common interests, the less need there is for law-and-order specialists 
 
All adults usually have open access to this habitat: the rivers, lakes, beaches, oceans; 
 The maintenance of order in pre-state societies is rooted in a commonality of material interests 
 
Among band-level cultures law and order stem directly from the relations between people and the 
natural habitat from which subsistence is derived 
 
In so far as these are basic to the extraction of life-sustaining energy and materials they are 
communal "property." 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3a Questão 
 
 
READ the text below: 
"Anthropology is the study of humankind, especially of Homo sapiens, the biological species to which we 
human beings belong. It is the study of how our species evolved from more primitive organisms; it is also 
the study of how our species developed a mode of communication known as language and a mode of social 
life known as culture. It is the study of how culture evolved and diversified. And finally, it is the study of how 
culture, people, and nature interact wherever human beings are found." 
► Identify the topic sentences in the previous paragraph. 
 
 
And finally, it is the study of how culture, people, and nature interact wherever human beings are 
found. 
 Anthropology is the study of humankind. 
 
It is the study of how culture evolved and diversified 
 
It is the study of how our species evolved from more primitive organisms. 
 
it is also the study of how our species developed a mode of communication known as language and a 
mode of social life known as culture. 
 
 4a Questão 
 
 
Read the two sentences below and decide how they are related. 
"Sometimes when we don't get enough sleep we become very short-tempered." 
"It is important to set a time to go to bed that is realistic." 
 
 
The first sentence explains the meaning of the second. 
 
The second sentence contradicts the first. 
 
The second sentence explains why a lack of sleep afffects us. 
 
The second sentence makes a digression concerning the first. 
 The second sentence proposes a solution. 
 
 5a Questão 
 
 
READ the text below: 
A quick tour through my house will convince you that I am an extremely messy person. In fact, some would 
say I'm a slob. Starting in my bedroom, you will see clothes tossed around as if thieves had just looted the 
place. T-shirts dangle from door knobs, socks sit balled up on top of the dresser, and blue jeans cover the 
floor like a drop cloth. A trail of shoes and sneakers leads you out of the bedroom and into the bathroom. 
There you will stand on a sopping towel and see a blow-dryer and a copy of Newsweek lying on the sink 
alongside an uncapped tube of Crest. 
►Mark the option which presents the topic sentence of the previous text: 
 
 
A trail of shoes and sneakers leads you out of the bedroom. 
 
Newsweek lying on the sink alongside an uncapped tube of Crest. 
 
T-shirts dangle from door knobs. 
 
you will see clothes tossed around as if thieves had just looted the place. 
 A quick tour through my house will convince you that I am an extremely messy person. 
 
 
 
 
 
 6a Questão 
 
 
Leia o parágrafo abaixo e escolha a alternativa que apresenta sua idéia principal: 
Carla, I would like to inform you that it has been interesting and profitable working with you, said Mr . 
Oliveira, when he called her to come to his office that morning. You are a very nice young lady, but it 
seems we need someone to work here who would have a more dynamic personality. Therefore, I have to 
ask you to resign your position here and wish you have all the luck to find a new position at another 
company. 
 
 O Sr. Oliveira está educadamente demitindo Carla. 
 
O Sr. Oliveira pensa que Carla não gosta do emprego. 
 
O Sr. Oliveira pensa que Carla é boa demais para o cargo que ocupa 
 
O Sr. Oliveira deseja que Carla encotre um emprego melhor. 
 
O Sr. Oliveira quer promover Carla. 
 
 7a Questão 
 
 
READ the text below: 
"Though the United States has spent billions of dollars on foreign aid programs, it has captured neither the 
affection nor esteem of the rest of the world. In many countries today Americans are cordially disliked; in 
others merely tolerated. The reasons for this sad state of affairs are many and varied, and some of them are 
beyond the control of anything this country might do to try to correct them. But harsh as it may seem to the 
ordinary citizen, filled as he is with good intentions and natural generosity, much of the foreigners' animosity 
has been generated by the way Americans behave." 
(Adapted from: http://www.uefap.com/writing/exercise) 
The topic sentences in the previous paragraph is (choose the right option): 
 
 
much of the foreigners' animosity has been generated by the way Americans behave. 
 
and some of them are beyond the control of anything this country might do to try to correct them. 
 
The reasons for this sad state of affairs are many and varied, 
 
In many countries today Americans are cordially disliked; in others merely tolerated. 
 Though the United States has spent billions of dollars on foreign aid programs, it has captured 
neither the affection nor esteem of the rest of the world. 
 
 8a Questão 
 
 
It is important to know how to write a paragraph. Below you find certain rules you should follow in order to 
write a good paragraph and to know how to write term papers. EXCEPT FOR ONE. Choose the alternative 
that is WRONG: 
 
 
Last, you should have a concluding sentence which reasserts your opinion, but does not have the 
same wording. Going by these helpful rules will lead to good paragraph writing. 
 
You should write at least three sentences supporting your ideas, with facts, reasons, examples, 
statistics, comparison, or an anecdote. 
 
It should strictly not contain any supporting ideas which MUST feature in the next sentence. 
 There is no need of being coherent and cohesive when writing a paragraph. 
 
Your first sentence should be a topic sentence and should contain the topic and an opinion on the 
topic. 
 
 
 
 
 
 1a Questão 
 
 
Choose the alternative which classifies correctly the word given in bold letters: (Escolha a alternativa que 
classifica corretamente a palavra em negrito 
 Mary fasted for a week. 
 
 
 
 
Conjunction 
 
Adjective 
 
AdverbVerb 
 
Preposition 
 
 2a Questão 
 
 
Leia o texto com atenção e assinale a alternativa que apresenta um exemplo de mau comportamento 
acidental: 
Children and Difficult Behaviour /May 2010 - Newsweek 
 Every child misbehaves from time to time. This is always distressing to us as parents because we would all 
like to be perfect parents of perfect children! Children can misbehave by accident or on purpose, and it is 
important to understand the difference, for example: ¿ Accidental misbehaviour - Your eight-year old 
throws a snowball in a friendly snowball fight and injure another child because a stone was accidentally 
packed into the snowball. ¿ Intentional misbehaviour - Your child steals candy from the corner store after 
you refused to give his/ her allowance two days early. The most important things you can do are to be 
patient, avoid losing your temper and remember that love is more persuasive than punishment. Before you 
act, try to think a few things through - ask yourself questions. Then, act as calmly and as thoughtfully as 
you can. 
 
 
Using bad language, 
 
Destroying property, 
 
Lying to parents, 
 
Stealing a toy, 
 Dropping a glass. 
 
 3a Questão 
 
 
Leia este parágrafo para responder à pergunta abaixo 
"It seems the art of survival - or continual positive projection - in the world of pop music these days, 
depends very much on change. If artists fail to recreate their persona-chameleon-like, over and over again, 
they risk facing accusations of dullness; that they are not fashionable." 
O ponto principal deste número é dizer ao leitor que os artistas precisam: 
 
 
avoid being dull at all costs 
 
not be fashionalble 
 
keep an image that the public knows and loves 
 recreate themselves to survive 
 
stay sexy to survive 
 
 
 4a Questão 
 
 
About adverbs, it is correct to assert that: ( Pense no emprego dos advérbios e escolha a frase que 
apresenta uma afirmação verdadeira sobre eles) 
 
 
They help us create smooth and logical transitions between one part of a sentence to another and 
are also responsible for the creation of different types of linking between these parts. 
 They are words that express ideas of how, when, where, or why. Its meaning can be applied to a 
verb, an adjective, or to another adverb. 
 
They are descriptive words which convey the sense of which, what kind, or how many/much. 
 
They represent people, places or things and can be physical entities or abstract ideas. They may 
serve as subjects, direct objects, indirect objects or objects of the preposition. 
 
They substitute nouns and may be personal, reflexive, interrogative, relative, demonstrative or 
indefinite. 
 
 5a Questão 
 
 
Leia o texto com atenção e assinale a alternativa em que a resposta não combina com a pergunta. 
Considere o conteúdo do texto para fazer a sua opção: 
 
FOR THE LOVE OF CHILDREN 
 
Camille and Mike Geraldi live in London and they love their children. It¿s a good thing they do because they 
have 22.Mike and Camille met when they were working at the same hospital. Mike was a pediatrician and 
Camille was a nurse. After dating for two years, they got married. Soon they had two healthy daughters so 
they moved to a bigger house. Two months later, a baby-girl was abandoned at the hospital where they 
worked. They decided to adopt the abandoned child. They soon realized that they needed to do something 
to help the children in need. So they started to adopt babies and toddlers who are mentally and physically 
challenged. Now they have twenty-two children and twenty of them were adopted. Their eldest children 
help Camille with the younger ones. Also, three adults come to their house to help them every day. Camille 
and Mike are tired but happy. They are proud to take care of such a number of kids. They say they truly 
enjoy their lives and the choice they once made of adopting their children. 
 
 
How many children of their own do they have? They have two daughters of their own 
 
Why did they decide to adopt children? A baby-girl was abandoned at the hospital where they 
worked. They soon realized that they needed to do something to help the children in need. 
 
Why can we say that Camille and Mike love children? //Because besides the two daughters they had 
they adopted 20 challenged children. 
 
What do Camille and Mike do? Camille is a nurse and Mike is a pediatrician. 
 How can they cope with such a large family? They manage to take care of the children and the 
house without any help. 
 
 6a Questão 
 
 
Identify the topic sentences in the following paragraph. 
"The maintenance of order in pre-state societies is rooted in a commonality of material interests. The 
greater the amount of common interests, the less need there is for law-and-order specialists. Among band-
level cultures law and order stem directly from the relations between people and the natural habitat from 
which subsistence is derived. All adults usually have open access to this habitat: the rivers, lakes, beaches, 
oceans; all the plants and animals; the soil and the subsoil. In so far as these are basic to the extraction of 
life-sustaining energy and materials they are communal "property." 
 
 
The greater the amount of common interests, the less need there is for law-and-order specialists 
 
All adults usually have open access to this habitat: the rivers, lakes, beaches, oceans; 
 
Among band-level cultures law and order stem directly from the relations between people and the 
natural habitat from which subsistence is derived 
 
In so far as these are basic to the extraction of life-sustaining energy and materials they are 
communal "property." 
 The maintenance of order in pre-state societies is rooted in a commonality of material interests 
 
 7a Questão 
 
 
There are some basic uses of the simple present tense. We use it for, except: 
 
 
Future references (for timetables, etc). 
 
Permanent truths 
 Non-habitual actions. 
 
The present period (= this is the situation at present). 
 
Observations and declarations 
 
 8a Questão 
 
 
Mark the option which completes the following sentence: My father is very absent minded and always ------
--------his keys. 
 
 
finds 
 
catches 
 
brings 
 forgets 
 
keeps 
 
 1a Questão 
 
 
READ the sentences below: 
[1] Finally, two weeks later, I was so excited I could barely pack. 
[2] I just couldn´t believe my eyes when he told me that. Everything was about to change the summer after 
my sophomore year of high school. 
[3] At that time, my dad announced that we were going to Singapore for vacation! 
[4] Today I've been all over the world, but until I was 15 I had never left the United States. 
 
► What is the most logical order for the sentences above? 
 
 4, 3, 2, 1 
 
4, 2, 3, 1 
 
3, 2, 1, 4 
 
1, 3, 2, 4 
 
1, 2, 3, 4 (as it is now) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 2a Questão 
 
 
READ the text below: 
"The maintenance of order in pre-state societies is rooted in a commonality of material interests. The greater 
the amount of common interests, the less need there is for law-and-order specialists. Among band-level 
cultures law and order stem directly from the relations between people and the natural habitat from which 
subsistence is derived. All adults usually have open access to this habitat: the rivers, lakes, beaches, oceans; 
all the plants and animals; the soil and the subsoil. In so far as these are basic to the extraction of life-
sustaining energy and materials they are communal "property." 
(Adapted from: http://www.uefap.com/writing/exercise) 
►The topic sentenceof the previous paragraph is (choose the right option): 
 
 
In so far as these are basic to the extraction of life-sustaining energy and materials they are 
communal "property." 
 
The greater the amount of common interests, the less need there is for law-and-order specialists 
 The maintenance of order in pre-state societies is rooted in a commonality of material interests 
 
Among band-level cultures law and order stem directly from the relations between people and the 
natural habitat from which subsistence is derived 
 
All adults usually have open access to this habitat: the rivers, lakes, beaches, oceans; 
 
 3a Questão 
 
 
READ the text below: 
"Anthropology is the study of humankind, especially of Homo sapiens, the biological species to which we 
human beings belong. It is the study of how our species evolved from more primitive organisms; it is also 
the study of how our species developed a mode of communication known as language and a mode of social 
life known as culture. It is the study of how culture evolved and diversified. And finally, it is the study of how 
culture, people, and nature interact wherever human beings are found." 
► Identify the topic sentences in the previous paragraph. 
 
 Anthropology is the study of humankind. 
 
it is also the study of how our species developed a mode of communication known as language and a 
mode of social life known as culture. 
 
And finally, it is the study of how culture, people, and nature interact wherever human beings are 
found. 
 
It is the study of how our species evolved from more primitive organisms. 
 
It is the study of how culture evolved and diversified 
 
 4a Questão 
 
 
Read the two sentences below and decide how they are related. 
"Sometimes when we don't get enough sleep we become very short-tempered." 
"It is important to set a time to go to bed that is realistic." 
 
 
The second sentence makes a digression concerning the first. 
 
The first sentence explains the meaning of the second. 
 The second sentence proposes a solution. 
 
The second sentence explains why a lack of sleep afffects us. 
 
The second sentence contradicts the first. 
 
 5a Questão 
 
 
READ the text below: 
A quick tour through my house will convince you that I am an extremely messy person. In fact, some would 
say I'm a slob. Starting in my bedroom, you will see clothes tossed around as if thieves had just looted the 
place. T-shirts dangle from door knobs, socks sit balled up on top of the dresser, and blue jeans cover the 
floor like a drop cloth. A trail of shoes and sneakers leads you out of the bedroom and into the bathroom. 
There you will stand on a sopping towel and see a blow-dryer and a copy of Newsweek lying on the sink 
alongside an uncapped tube of Crest. 
►Mark the option which presents the topic sentence of the previous text: 
 
 
T-shirts dangle from door knobs. 
 
Newsweek lying on the sink alongside an uncapped tube of Crest. 
 A quick tour through my house will convince you that I am an extremely messy person. 
 
you will see clothes tossed around as if thieves had just looted the place. 
 
A trail of shoes and sneakers leads you out of the bedroom. 
 
 6a Questão 
 
 
Leia o parágrafo abaixo e escolha a alternativa que apresenta sua idéia principal: 
Carla, I would like to inform you that it has been interesting and profitable working with you, said Mr . 
Oliveira, when he called her to come to his office that morning. You are a very nice young lady, but it 
seems we need someone to work here who would have a more dynamic personality. Therefore, I have to 
ask you to resign your position here and wish you have all the luck to find a new position at another 
company. 
 
 
O Sr. Oliveira pensa que Carla não gosta do emprego. 
 O Sr. Oliveira está educadamente demitindo Carla. 
 
O Sr. Oliveira quer promover Carla. 
 
O Sr. Oliveira pensa que Carla é boa demais para o cargo que ocupa 
 
O Sr. Oliveira deseja que Carla encotre um emprego melhor. 
 
 7a Questão 
 
 
READ the text below: 
"Though the United States has spent billions of dollars on foreign aid programs, it has captured neither the 
affection nor esteem of the rest of the world. In many countries today Americans are cordially disliked; in 
others merely tolerated. The reasons for this sad state of affairs are many and varied, and some of them are 
beyond the control of anything this country might do to try to correct them. But harsh as it may seem to the 
ordinary citizen, filled as he is with good intentions and natural generosity, much of the foreigners' animosity 
has been generated by the way Americans behave." 
(Adapted from: http://www.uefap.com/writing/exercise) 
The topic sentences in the previous paragraph is (choose the right option): 
 
 
and some of them are beyond the control of anything this country might do to try to correct them. 
 Though the United States has spent billions of dollars on foreign aid programs, it has captured 
neither the affection nor esteem of the rest of the world. 
 
In many countries today Americans are cordially disliked; in others merely tolerated. 
 
The reasons for this sad state of affairs are many and varied, 
 
much of the foreigners' animosity has been generated by the way Americans behave. 
 
 8a Questão 
 
 
It is important to know how to write a paragraph. Below you find certain rules you should follow in order to 
write a good paragraph and to know how to write term papers. EXCEPT FOR ONE. Choose the alternative 
that is WRONG: 
 
 
You should write at least three sentences supporting your ideas, with facts, reasons, examples, 
statistics, comparison, or an anecdote. 
 There is no need of being coherent and cohesive when writing a paragraph. 
 
Last, you should have a concluding sentence which reasserts your opinion, but does not have the 
same wording. Going by these helpful rules will lead to good paragraph writing. 
 
It should strictly not contain any supporting ideas which MUST feature in the next sentence. 
 
Your first sentence should be a topic sentence and should contain the topic and an opinion on the 
topic.