AULAS 1 A5

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Choose the alternative that correctly fills in the spaces below: John is the person standing ______ the window,______ the woman with the long blonde hair.
under / around
at / into
beside / next to
in / next to
at / in
Explicação: BESIDE (AO LADO DE, PERTO DE); NEXT TO (AO LADO DE).
2.Which alternative correctly fits the following situation: He was driving ______ 180 miles per hour when he crashed ______ the central barrier.
 under / around
at / into
out of / in
at / in
in / next to
3. Choose the alternative: I went ______ him and asked him the best way to get ______ town.
 along / up
towards / over
up to / out of
by / on
from / into
Explicação: (UP TO - ATÉ - LOCAL); (GET OUT OF - SAIR).
4.In which alternative the preposition is incorrectly classified according to its complement?
 He is attentive to her needs (to - Complement of an adjective frase - noun complemente)
He had a thirst for revenge never seen before. (for - Complement of an adjective frase - noun complement) COMPLEMENT OF A NOUN PHRASE - ADJECTIVE.
Come out from under the bed (from - Adjunct of a verb phrase - adverb.)
She handed the money to me (to - Complement of a verb frase - indirect object)
It was on the table (on - Adjunct of a verb phrase - adverb.)	
5.Choose the correct alternitve in relation to the prepositions below: I couldn't get in ______ the door so I had to climb ______ a window.
 out of / between
through / in
up / along
between / into
out of / into
6.He saw a parking space ______ two cars and drove ______ it.
 over / into
between / into
by / on
up to / out of
along / up
Explicação: (BETWEEN - ENTRE); (INTO - PARA DENTRO).
7.Choose the correct alternative to complete the spaces: Harry comes to work ______ car but I prefer to come ______ foot.
 at / into
beside / next to
at / in
in / next to
by / on
Explicação: Expressões fixas: by car - de carro; on foot - a pé;	
8.Choose the correct alternative to complete the spaces: He took the book ______ the shelf and put it ______ his bag.
 from / into
by / on
beside / next to
in / next to
at / into
Explicação: from (de - origem); into (dentro)
9- Which alternative correctly fits the situation below? He made his escape by jumping ______ a window and jumping ______ a waiting car.
out of / between
between / into
over / into
 out of / into
 up to / out of
Explicação: jump out of - pular para fora de
jump into - para dentro de
into - movimento para dentro.
 10- In which alternative the preposition is correctly classified according to its meaning?
 He got a job as an elevator operator. (in the capacity of)
Try some of this sauce with your meat. (accompaniment)
This material feels like silk. (material)
I need to go to the store for a loaf of bread. (purpose)
Coffee is sold by the pound, but ribbon is sold by the yard (measure)
Explicação: Like = comparison. (similarity)
 11- Choose the correct alternative to complete the sentence below: The museum is ______ the Grovet Street, ______ the mall.
under / around
up / along
through / in
 in / next to
out of / in
Explicação:(IN - EM); (NEXT TO - AO LADO DE)
 12- Choose the alternative that correctly fits the following situation: Look, that car's ______ fire.
into
through
with
 on
in
Explicação: Expressão fixa: on fire: pegando fogo. 
13- Choose the alternative that correctly fills in the blanks: It's unlucky to walk ______ a ladder in my culture. I always walk ______ them.
out of / in
up / along
through / in
under / around
out of / into
Explicação: (UNDER - SOB); (AROUND - AO REDOR).
14- Choose the alternative that correctly fills in the blanks below: I took the old card ______ the computer and put ______ the new one.
up / along
through / in
out of / in
out of / into
out of / between
Explicação: (OUT OF - TIRAR DE); (IN - EM) 
15- Choose the alternative that correctly fills in the blanks: She ran ______ the corridor and ______ the stairs to the second floor.
in / next to
 along / up
 by / on
from / into
towards / over
Explicação:(ALONG - AO LONGO DE); (UP - ESCADA ACIMA). 
16- Adpositions can be used to express a wide range of semantic relations between their complement and the rest of the context. In which alternative this relation is correct?
After - purpose
Despite - material
 With - place
 Like - comparison
Against - temporal
Explicação: Temporal (time) relations: After, during, pending, till or until; at, between, by, about, on, within, etc.
Material: of, with
Agent: by, with
Instrument or means: of, with, by, through (the wormhole, the manhole)
Manner: by, on, in, with
Accompaniment: with
Concession: In spite of, despite
Opposition: Against
Aula 2 
1- Which alternative presents an intransitive phrasal verb?	
We set off for the beach.
Explicação: Some phrasal verbs are INTRANSITIVE . (An intransitive verb does not have an object.)
My car broke down.
The thieves got away.
The bus broke down on the way to work.
She got up early.
I bore up.
Tell her to bear up! (to encourage from misfortune).
When I entered the room he looked up.
The children are growing up.
We set off for the beach.
He fell off the ladder.
 Some phrasal verbs are TRANSITIVE. (A transitive verb always has an object.)
I made up an excuse. ('Excuse' is the object of the verb.)
She takes after her mother (`her mother¿ is the object of the verb)
I know I can count on you (`you¿ is the object of the verb)
2. In which alternative the phrasal verb is separable?
b) The senator backed up the President's economic plan.
Explicação: SEPARABLE PHRASAL verbs can remain together or not when using an object that is a noun or noun phrase. The object can come before or after the particle.
He paid back the debt. OR He paid the debt back.
She looked up the word in her dictionary. OR She looked the word up in her dictionary.
I picked up the book. OR I picked the book up.
He turned down my offer OR He turned my offer down.
 Separable phrasal verbs MUST be separated when a pronoun is used:
We ran it up by $50,000. (NOT We ran up it by $50,000)
They bailed him out of the situation.(NOT They bailed out of the situation him)
Frank paid it all back by the end of the month. (NOT Frank paid it all back by the end of the month)
3. In which alternative the phrasal verb is correctly analyzed?
 I know I can count on you (transitive)
4. Which sentence is incorrect?
We will have to wait the bus for at the corner.
Explicação: We will have to wait the bus for at the corner. = WE WILL HAVE TO WAIT FOR THE BUS AT THE CORNER = THE PHRASAL VERB IS INSEPARABLE.
5. In which alternative the phrasal verb is INSEPARABLE?
They splashed out on new office furniture.
Explicação: INSEPARABLE PHRASAL VERBS always remain together. It makes no difference if a noun or pronoun is used.
He scraped by on only $800 a month for two years. NOT He scraped it by for two years.
They splashed out on new office furniture. NOT They splashed it out.
NOTE: a) All phrasal verbs containing more than one particle are inseparable.
I've put up with the situation for more than two years.
 b) Separable or inseparable phrasal verbs? Some dictionaries tell you when phrasal verbs are separable. If a dictionary writes "look (something) up", you know that the phrasal verb "look up" is separable, and you can say "look something up" and "look up something". It's a good idea to write "something/somebody" as appropriate in your vocabulary book when you learn a new phrasal verb, like this:
get up
break down
put something/somebody off
turn sthg/sby down
This tells you whether the verb needs a direct object (and where to put it).
 
TIP: If you are not sure whether a phrasal verb is separable or inseparable, ALWAYS use a noun or nouns phrase and DO NOT separate. In this manner, you will always be correct!
6.In which alternative there is a "Verb + preposition¿ (prepositional phrasal verbs)?
Who is looking after the kids?
Explicação: Verb + particle (adverb) (particle phrasal verbs)a. They brought that up twice. ¿ up is a particle, not a preposition.
b. You should think it over. ¿ over is a particle, not a preposition.
c. Why does he always dress down? ¿ down is a particle, not a preposition.
Verb + preposition (prepositional phrasal verbs)
a. Who is looking after the kids? ¿ after is a preposition that introduces the prepositional phrase after the kids.
b. They pick on Joseph. ¿ on is a preposition that introduces the prepositional phrase on Joseph.
c. I ran into an old friend. ¿ into is a preposition that introduces the prepositional phrase into an old friend.
Verb + particle (adverb) + preposition (particle-prepositional phrasal verbs)
a. Who can put up with that? ¿ up is a particle and with is a preposition.
b. She is looking forward to a rest. ¿ forward is a particle and to is a preposition.
c. The other tanks were bearing down on my panther. ¿ down is a particle and on is a preposition.
7.In which alternative the phrasal verb has the following structure: Verb + particle (adverb) + preposition?
Who can put up with that?
8.In which alternative the sentence is correct concerning the use of the phrasal verb?
My mother switched the radio off this morning.
9- Complete the sentence with the correct phrasal verb: "There's a police car following us. I think you should slow down or he'll make us ___________."
pull over
Explicação:
b) pull over = ENCOSTAR O CARRO
c) pullover = SUÉTER
d) pull up = PULAR
e) pull aside = LEVAR ALGUÉM PARA O LADO.
2. In which alternative the phrasal verb has the following structure: Verb + particle (adverb)?
Why does he always dress down?
3.In which alternative the phrasal verb is intransitive?
e) The couple decided to break up after their argument.
4.In which alternative there is the pattern "Verb + particle (adverb) (particle phrasal verbs)"?
They brought that up twice.
5. Which phrasal verb complete the sentence? "They are going to _____________ the old bank and build some flats there instead."
 Knock down
6. Complete: "At Ronnie's party everyone talked about Jon's strange ______. He wore a tank top with a tie, and shorts with holes in the shape of hearts in them."
 getup
Explicação:
get over = SUPERAR
get up = LEVANTAR
get on with = DAR-SE COM
getup = noun Informal - An outfit or costume.
get out = SAIR
7. Which alternative presents a separable phrasal verb?
He paid back the debt.
Aula 3 
1- In which sentence there is a phrasal verb?
Could you look after my cat while I'm away?
Explicação: Could you look after my cat while I¿m away? = THERE IS A CHANGE IN THE MEANING OF THE VERB.
2. What is the meaning of the phrasal verb ¿to look up¿ in the sentence: "My friend Janet had always LOOKED UP TO her boss."
Respected
Explicação:
Look up to someone = to admire and respect someone
He¿s a role model for other players to look up to.
3.In which alternative there is a phrasal verb and NOT an adverbial clause?
 Could you look after my cat while I¿m away?
Explicação: Look after = there is a change in the meaning of the verb.
All the others have adverbials.
4.What is the meaning of 'gave in to' in the sentence: "She always gave in to his demands."
surrendered
Explicação: Give in (to sth) 1. to finally agree to something that someone wants after first refusing: 2. to accept that you have been defeated and stop arguing or fighting.
5.Fill in with the correct phrasal verb: "A small fire _____ in Mrs. Evan's house, because a small pan of milk ______. She ________from the stove, but unfortunately, her apron ___________in smoke."
broke out - boiled over - pulled it away - went up.
Explicação:
break out (start); boil over (overheat); pull away (withdraw); go up (ignite)
6.What is the meaning of the following phrasal verb? "She STOOD UP TO him."
confronted.
Explicação: Stand up to sb/sth: to defend yourself against a powerful person or organization when they treat you unfairly:
7. Complete the sentence with a suitable phrasal verb. "We have ___________ eggs." (don't have anymore).
Run out of
Explicação:
RUN OUT OF = EXHAUST SUPPLY.
 8.In which alternative the particle phrasal verb is intransitive?
come back
Explicação:
BREAK IN = To cause to separate into pieces suddenly or violently; smash. To divide into pieces, as by bending or cutting: break crackers for a baby.
To separate into components or parts: broke the work into discrete tasks. To snap off or detach: broke a twig from the tree.
BRING FORWARD = antecipate
CALL OFF = CANCEL
CALL UP = TELEPHONE
COME BACK = RETURN = INTRANSITIVE
9- In which alternative is the phrasal verb a prepositional phrasal verb?
c) Mary's husband has been cheating on her.
10- Which particle-prepositional phrasal verb means "to make an end of, to eliminate"?
Do away with
11- In which alternative there is a phrasal verb and NOT an adverbial clause?
Could you look after my cat while I¿m away?
12- In which alternative there is a particle phrasal verb?
d) I decided to follow up.
13-In which alternative there is a preposition and not a particle?
We ran up the hill.
6. Which phrasal verb is intransitive?
pass out - lose consciousness, faint
Explicação: ring in- present something - TRANSITIVE
bring forward - antecipate something - TRANSITIVE
bring up - raise children, mention a topic - TRANSITIVE
brush off - not to consider something - TRANSITIVE
7.In which alternative there is a particle-prepositional phrasal verb? 
To look up to
8.In which alternative there is a partcle -prepositional phrasal verb?	
c) I'm looking forward to a vacation.
17- Which phrasal verb is transitive?
ask out - invite to go out
18- What is the meaning of the following phrasal verb? "Most of Harry's friends feel that corporate income tax should BE DONE AWAY WITH competition".
To direct anger, frustration, etc. toward someone who is nearby but who has nothing to do with the cause of the emotion.
Aula 4
1- Only by working three jobs _____ able to support his large family	
was he
2.What is the right inverted case considering the sentence "If you had known my dad, you would have thought he was wonderful too."?
Had you known my dad, you would have thought he was wonderful too.
3.Complete the sentence: (Never/I/meet) _________________such well-behaved children before. They are as good as gold. 
a) Never have I met
4.Complete the sentence: The boss didn¿t know what to do, _____ the rest of us.
d) nor did
5.What is the right inverted case considering the sentence "If you should need some more money, take an extra twenty."?
 Should you need some money, take an extra money.
6.Complete: No sooner ____________the receiver than the telephone began to ring again.
had I put down
7.Change the regular sentence into one with inversion. "John had never been to such a fantastic restaurant."
Never had John been to such a fantastic restaurant.	
8.Choose the best inversion structure to complete the sentence. "The view of the canyon was breathtaking. Never before __________such beauty."
had we seen 
9- Complete the sentence: ___ the medicine than she began to feel better.
c) No sooner had she swallowed
10-What would be the correct inversion of: "The wind was so strong that we couldn't open the window."
So strong was the wind that we couldn't open the window.
11- In which alternative the inversion is WRONG?
Only after you have finished your homework you can play.
12- Make a new sentence beginning with the word in brackets. "I had hardly begun to apologize when the door closed" (Hardly...)
Hardly had I begun to apologize when the door closed.
13- Complete: Can you give me a pen, please? Sure. ___________.
Here it is.
14- Complete the sentence: ___ you see Frank at the conference, give him my regards
e- Should.
15- Choose the best inversion structure to complete the sentence. "Had ________the truth, he wouldn't have invited them."
He know.
AULA 5
1- Select the type of sentence: "Look at me"
Imperative.
2- Select the type of this sentence: "Drink the coffee"Imperative
Explicação:
An assertive or declarative sentence is a sentence that states a fact. Such sentences are simple statements. They state, assert, or declare something.
Tomorrow I will do it.
She did not want to go to the movies with me.
An Interrogative sentence is a sentence that asks a question.
What do you think I should wear the pink shoes or the white sneakers?
What happened to you yesterday?
An exclamatory sentence is a sentence that expresses sudden and strong feelings, such as surprise, wonder, pity, sympathy, happiness, or gratitude.
I cannot wait to be a grown-up!
We beat that other team good!
An imperative sentence is a sentence which gives a command, makes a request, or express a wish.
Do the dishes. (an order)
Please do me this favor. (a request)
Have a good time in Moscow. (a wish)
3- What type of question is it?
Ilsa: This morning you implied that it was not safe for him to leave Casablanca.
Strasser: That is also true, except for one destination, to return to occupied France.
Ilsa: Occupied France?
Strasser: Uh huh. Under a safe conduct from me.
Echo question
4- Complete the embedded question: ‘ I have no idea __________.
where she is 
5- Identify the sentence pattern in the following example: "She told me to shut up."
Subject / Verb / Object / Object
6- Select the type of sentence: "Listen to the music"
Imperative
7- Select the type of sentence: "He said that Paul asked him for all the things they should do in the country"
Declarative.
8- Select the type of sentence: "Dou you have some coffee?"
Interrogative.
9- What type of question is it? Laszlo: M'sieur Blaine, I wonder if I could talk to you?
Rick: Go ahead.		
embedded question 
10- Select the type of sentence: "He said that he couldn't go"
Declarative.
11- Identify the sentence pattern in the following example: "I can't approve of your behavior."
Subject / Verb / Objective
12- What is a sentence?
a group of words that express a complete thought
13- Identify the sentence pattern in the following example: "She has bought a nice suit for her husband."
Subject / Verb/ object/ object
14- What is a declarative sentence?
It is a sentence that makes a statement
15- Identify the setence pattern in the following example: "They have painted the walls white."
Subject / Verb / Object / Object complemente.