Vocabulary about COVID

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Vocabulary about COVID-19 
 
 
 
 
 
Gabriela Rebeca Martins Soares 
3IIEM 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sumário 
Atividade 1 ...................................................................................................................................................... 2 
Atividade 2 ...................................................................................................................................................... 3 
Atividade 3 ...................................................................................................................................................... 4 
 
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Atividade 1 
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused 
by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The disease was 
first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, the capital of China's Hubei province, and 
has since spread globally, resulting in the ongoing 2019–20 coronavirus 
pandemic. The first confirmed case of what was then an unknown coronavirus was 
traced back to November 2019 in Hubei. 
Common symptoms include fever, cough, and shortness of breath. Other 
symptoms may include fatigue, muscle pain, diarrhea, sore throat, loss of smell, 
and abdominal pain. The time from exposure to onset of symptoms is typically around 
five days but may range from two to fourteen days. While most cases result in mild 
symptoms, some progress to viral pneumonia and multi-organ failure. As of 24 April 
2020, more than 2.7 million cases have been reported across 185 countries and 
territories, resulting in more than 190,000 deaths. More than 742,000 people have 
recovered. 
The virus is primarily spread between people during close contact, often 
via small droplets produced by coughing, sneezing, or talking. The droplets quickly fall 
on objects or onto surfaces but with certain medical procedures can hang in the air for 
longer periods. People may also become infected by touching a contaminated surface 
and then touching their eyes, nose, or mouth. The virus can survive on surfaces for up 
to 72 hours. It is most contagious during the first three days after the onset of 
symptoms, although spread may be possible before symptoms appear and in later 
stages of the disease. 
The standard method of diagnosis is by real-time reverse transcription 
polymerase chain reaction from a nasopharyngeal swab. Chest CT imaging may also 
be helpful for diagnosis in individuals where there is a high suspicion of infection based 
on symptoms and risk factors; however, guidelines do not recommend using it for 
routine screening. 
Recommended measures to prevent infection include frequent hand 
washing, maintaining physical distance from others (especially from those with 
symptoms), covering coughs and sneezes with a tissue or inner elbow, and keeping 
unwashed hands away from the face. In addition, the use of a face covering is 
recommended for those who suspect they have the virus and their 
 
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caregivers. Recommendations for face covering use by the general public vary, with 
some authorities recommending against their use, some recommending their use, and 
others requiring their use. This is notably because masks purchased by the public may 
impact availability for health care providers. Currently, there is no vaccine or 
specific antiviral treatment for COVID-19. Management involves the treatment of 
symptoms, supportive care, isolation, and experimental measures. 
The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the 2019–20 
coronavirus outbreaks a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) 
on 30 January 2020 and a pandemic on 11 March 2020. Local transmission of the 
disease has occurred in most countries across all six WHO regions. 
 
Atividade 2 
1- What is Coronavírus? (O que é o Coronavírus?) 
Coronavirus is a virus that will cause the COVID-19 which is killing thousand 
peoples in the world. 
 
2- What are the symptoms of someone infected with a Coronavirus? (Quais 
são os sintomas de um indivíduo infectado pelo Coronavírus?) 
Fever, cough, loss of appetite, fatigue, shortness of breath, sputum production, 
and muscle and joint pains and others. 
 
3- What is the incubation period of the Coronavirus disease? (Qual o período 
de incubação do Coronavírus?) 
Incubation period is the time elapsed between exposure to 
a pathogenic organism, a chemical, or radiation, and when symptoms and signs are 
first apparent. In a typical infectious disease, incubation period signifies the period 
taken by the multiplying organism to reach a threshold necessary to produce 
symptoms in the host. In the case of Coronavirus this period can be in 1 to 14 days. 
 
4- Who is the most at risk for the Coronavirus disease? (Quem tem o maior 
risco de infecção?) 
The aged peoples. 
5- What happens when you get the coronavirus disease? (O que acontece 
 
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quando somos infectados?) 
You can have the symptoms and in the worst case you can die. 
 
6- How the Coronavirus disease can spread? (Como o Coronavírus pode se 
espalhar?) 
Cough, sneeze or talk with close contact being within approximately 1–2 m (3–
7 ft). Both sputum and saliva can carry large viral loads. 
 
7- What should you do if you think you have the Coronavirus disease? (O que 
você deve fazer se você acha que tem o Coronavírus?) 
Stay home and call to the hospital to consult a doctor. 
 
8- How is your family managing this situation? (Como a sua família está lidando 
com essa situação?) 
Staying in home for safety. 
 
Atividade 3 
Cough; sneezing; fever; temperature; body ache; fatigue; difficulty breathing; 
outbreak; epidemic; pandemic; measures; transmission; isolation; quarantine; self-
isolate; self-quarantine; lockdown; community spread; face masks; declare; ban; 
restrict; seal; avoid; stock up; hoard; shut; cancel; postpone; control; contain; develop; 
test; protect; hunker down; livestream; flatten; contagious; confirmed; symptomatic; 
asymptomatic; mandatory; voluntary; fatal; unprecedented;