LÍNGUA INGLESA RELAÇÕES DISCURSIVAS AULA 09 2021

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LÍNGUA INGLESA RELAÇÕES DISCURSIVAS
	
		Lupa
	 
	Calc.
	
	
	 
	 
	 
	 
	CEL0572_A9_201902049152_V1
	
	
	
	
	
		Prezado (a) Aluno(a),
Você fará agora seu TESTE DE CONHECIMENTO! Lembre-se que este exercício é opcional, mas não valerá ponto para sua avaliação. O mesmo será composto de questões de múltipla escolha.
Após responde cada questão, você terá acesso ao gabarito comentado e/ou à explicação da mesma. Aproveite para se familiarizar com este modelo de questões que será usado na sua AV e AVS.
	
	 
		
	
		1.
		In which alternative the sentence is correctly punctuated?
	
	
	
	e) Our three children-Larry, Curly, and Moe-have decided, to enter show business.
	
	
	d) Last week we read "The Catbird Seat" a short story by James Thurber.
	
	
	a) When a friend dies part of yourself dies, too.
	
	
	c) Picture this: a Neanderthal man deep in the forest gorges on the yummies of his time--fruits, berries, anything sweet and pluckable.
	
	
	b) We, took photographs of the patron saint of nail-biters -the Venus de Milo.
	
Explicação:
There is only one possible answer since the other ones present mistake, for instance, in b) We, took photographs of the patron saint of nail-biters -the Venus de Milo., we is the subject of the sentence and we do not use a comma to separate the subject from the rest of the sentence.
		
	Gabarito
Comentado
	
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		2.
		Pick out the one sentence that is correctly punctuated.
	
	
	
	a) Harbor Springs is now a summer resort for the affluent but a century ago it was the Indian village of my Ottawa ancestors.
	
	
	e) Harbor Springs is now a summer resort, for the affluent but, a century ago, it was the Indian village of my Ottawa ancestors.
	
	
	b) Harbor Springs is now a summer resort for the affluent, but a century ago it was the Indian village of my Ottawa ancestors.
	
	
	c) Harbor Springs is now a summer resort for the affluent but, a century ago, it was the Indian village of my Ottawa ancestors.
	
	
	d) Harbor Springs is now a summer resort for the affluent but, a century ago it was, the Indian village of my Ottawa ancestors.
	
Explicação:
" You should put a comma before but only when but is connecting two independent clauses.
Example: I would go for a walk, but it¿s raining outside.
How do you know you have two independent clauses? First, look at the words before but: I would go for a walk. Then look at the words after but: it¿s raining outside. Both of those phrases could stand alone as complete sentences. That means they¿re independent clauses, so you need to use a comma before but. "
( www.grammarly.com/blog/comma-before-but/ )
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		3.
		Which of the following punctuation marks is used TO INTRODUCE A LIST AND BEFORE A FINAL CLAUSE THAT EXPLAINS SOMETHING IN THE SENTENCE?
	
	
	
	A comma
	
	
	A period
	
	
	A full stop
	
	
	A semicolon
	
	
	A colon
	
Explicação:
" The colon is used to introduce a list of items.
The bookstore specializes in three subjects: art, architecture, and graphic design.
The colon is used to separate two independent clauses when the second explains or illustrates the first. In such usage, the colon functions in much the same way as the semicolon. As with the semicolon, do not capitalize the first word after the colon unless the word is ordinarily capitalized.
I have very little time to learn the language: my new job starts in five weeks. "
( http://www.thepunctuationguide.com/colon.html )
 
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		4.
		What is the difference in meaning between the following to sentences?
Don´t run.
Don´t, run.
	
	
	
	The subjunctive mood asks for a better reaction from the listener, so in both cases, it is expected that the listener won't run.
 
	
	
	When you say: Don't run, it means that you are telling someone not to do something, that is to say: not to run.
When you use the comma, the meaning changes. In fact, you are telling someone to start running.
	
	
	These examples are associated to dangling constructions. Therefore, the second sentence ought to be rewritten.
	
	
	The comma after the word don´t does not make any difference in meaning. has made all the difference in the meaning of the words.
	
	
	In the first sentence, you advise the person you are talking to not to run.
In the second, you expect the listener to make another option.
	
Explicação:
The comma after the word don´t  has made all the difference in the meaning of the sentences.
 
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		5.
		Read the text below:
Have you ever wondered why little children love listening to stories, why older ones get lost in certain books? In this enthralling work, Maria Tatar challenges many of our assumptions about childhood reading. Much as our culture pays lip service to the importance of literature, we rarely examine the creative and cognitive benefits of reading from infancy through adolescence. By exploring how beauty and horror operated in C.S. Lewis's Chronicles of Narnia, Philip Pullman's His Dark Materials, J.K. Rowling's Harry Potter novels, and many other narratives, Tatar provides a delightful work for parents, teachers, and general readers, not just examining how and what children read but also showing through vivid examples how literature transports and transforms children with its intoxicating, captivating, and occasionally terrifying energy. In the tradition of Bruno Bettelheim's landmark The Uses of Enchantment, Tatar's book is not only a compelling journey into the world of childhood but a trip back for adult readers as well.
► The use of commas in the underlined passage was used with a view to:
	
	
	
	Separating a series phrases
	
	
	Separating a series of adjectives
	
	
	Separating a series of nouns
	
	
	Separating sentences
	
	
	Separating a series of clauses
	
Explicação:
The passage comprises a series of noun phrases: [parents], [teachers], [general readers].
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		6.
		Read the text below:
Have you ever wondered why little children love listening to stories, why older ones get lost in certain books? In this enthralling work, Maria Tatar challenges many of our assumptions about childhood reading. Much as our culture pays lip service to the importance of literature, we rarely examine the creative and cognitive benefits of reading from infancy through adolescence. By exploring how beauty and horror operated in C.S. Lewis's Chronicles of Narnia, Philip Pullman's His Dark Materials, J.K. Rowling's Harry Potter novels, and many other narratives, Tatar provides a delightful work for parents, teachers, and general readers, not just examining how and what children read but also showing through vivid examples how literature transports and transforms children with its intoxicating, captivating, and occasionally terrifying energy. In the tradition of Bruno Bettelheim's landmark The Uses of Enchantment, Tatar's book is not only a compelling journey into the world of childhood but a trip back for adult readers as well.
► The use of a comma (,) in the underlined passage was used with a view to:
	
	
	
	Separating phrases
	
	
	Separating sentences
	
	
	Separating gerund clauses
	
	
	Separating infinitive clauses
	
	
	Separating participle clauses
	
Explicação:
In the highlighted passage, there are two interrogative sentences [Have you ever wondered why little children love listening to stories(?)] and [why older ones get lost in certain books?].
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		7.
		Which of the following punctuation marks is used TO JOIN WORDS OR DIVIDE WORDS INTO SYLLABLES?
	
	
	
	A hyphen
	
	
	A comma
	
	
	A colon
	
	
	A dash
	
	
	An apostrophe
	
Explicação:
" Hyphens are used to join parts of a word or compound phrase, as in ex-wife, full-length mirror, and by-the-book negotiations. As the Chicago Manual of Style puts it, ¿Far and away the most common spelling questions for writers and editors concern compound terms¿whether to spell as twowords, hyphenate, or close up as a single word.¿
( http://www.dictionary.com/e/hyphen/ )
		
	Gabarito
Comentado
	
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		8.
		What is the difference in meaning between these pairs of sentences?
I'm sorry you can't drive a car.
I'm sorry. You can't drive a car.
	
	
	
	Both sentences have the same meaning, it´s just a matter of punctuation and intonation.
They mean that the listener has not got a driving license.
	
	
	In coordinating structures, punctuation is not given the same importance as it is in subordination. What really matters is to know that the listener does not have the ability to drive a car.
	
	
	In the first sentence, you are telling somebody he is prohibited to drive a car.
In the second sentence, the listener cannot drive a car because he does´t have a driving license.
	
	
	In the first sentence, you would like the listener to be able to drive a car, but, for some reason, he can't.
In the second sentence, you are telling somebody he is prohibited to drive a car.
	
	
	The second sentence is what is called ´dangling construction´. Anyway, in both sentences , we get to know that somebody is unable to drive a car.
	
Explicação:
Punctuation makes the whole difference.
In the first sentence, you would like the listener to be able to drive a car, but, for some reason, he can't. In the second sentence, you are telling somebody he is prohibited to drive a car.