What are the directions of communication according to the text? Vertical ascending Vertical descending Horizontal Diagonal a) Only items 1, 2 and ...

d) Only items 1, 3 and 4 are correct.

The directions of communication mentioned in the text are:

1. Vertical ascending: This refers to communication that flows from lower levels of hierarchy to higher levels, such as when subordinates communicate with their superiors.
2. Vertical descending: This refers to communication that flows from higher levels of hierarchy to lower levels, such as when superiors communicate with their subordinates.
3. Horizontal: This refers to communication that occurs between individuals or departments at the same level of hierarchy, such as colleagues within the same team or peers from different departments.
4. Diagonal: This refers to communication that occurs between individuals or departments at different levels of hierarchy, but not directly vertically or horizontally related. It involves communication across different levels or departments, such as when employees from different departments collaborate on a project.

Therefore, the correct options are 1, 3, and 4.