LISTA 2 - INGLÊS - VOCABULARY (1)

Prévia do material em texto

TEOREMA MILITAR 
VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
1. Observe the image.
The art print overlaps 
a) inappropriate feelings.
b) harmonious terms.
c) opposing terms.
d) dangerous behaviors.
e) relevant information.
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Leia o infográfico para responder à(s) questão(ões). 
2. In the excerpt from the fourth topic “continue to
be a huge trend”, the underlined word can be
replaced, without changing the meaning of the
sentence, by
a) new.
b) mega.
c) reverse.
d) old.
e) natural.
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Read the text and answer question(s). 
Alberto Santos Dumont (1873-1932) was born 
in Brazil and educated in Paris. He made his first 
balloon ascent in 1898 and, soon after that, began 
constructing dirigible airships. In 1901 he won a 
Paris air race and international fame. (After the race, 
he asked Louis Cartier for a timepiece that would keep 
his hands free - the first wristwatch.) 
Turning to heavier-than-air machines, Santos 
Dumont built his 14-Bis in 1906, three years after the 
Wright brothers’ initial flight. His flight was the first in 
Europe, and his plane was the first anywhere to lift off 
the ground under its own power. In 1909 Santos 
Dumont designed the Demoiselle monoplane, the first 
modern light plane. 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
In 1901 Santos Dumont fell ill with multiple 
sclerosis and retired from flying. He returned to Brazil 
in 1916. Ill and despondent over the use of aircraft in 
warfare, he committed suicide in 1932. 
 
(Adapted From “Leaders of the Century”) 
 
 
3. The words balloon, plane and dirigible 
airships, in bold in the text, are different kinds of 
__________. 
a) air races 
b) aircraft 
c) flights 
d) skies 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Leia o texto e responda à(s) questão(ões) a seguir. 
 
This is how UN scientists are preparing for the 
end of capitalism 
 
Capitalism as we know it is over. So suggests 
a new report commissioned by a group of scientists 
appointed by the UN secretary general. The main 
reason? We’re transitioning rapidly to a radically 
different global economy, due to our increasingly 
unsustainable exploitation of the planet’s 
environmental resources and the shift to less efficient 
energy sources. 
Climate change and species extinctions are 
accelerating even as societies are experiencing rising 
inequality, unemployment, slow economic growth, 
rising debt levels, and impotent governments. Contrary 
to the way policymakers usually think about these 
problems these are not really separate crises at all. 
These crises are part of the same fundamental 
transition. The new era is characterized by inefficient 
fossil fuel production and escalating costs of climate 
change. Conventional capitalist economic thinking can 
no longer explain, predict or solve the workings of the 
global economy in this new age. 
 
Energy shift 
Those are the implications of a new 
background paper prepared by a team of Finnish 
biophysicists who were asked to provide research that 
would feed into the drafting of the UN Global 
Sustainable Development Report (GSDR), which will be 
released in 2019. 
For the “first time in human history”, the paper 
says, capitalist economies are “shifting to energy 
sources that are less energy efficient.” Producing 
usable energy (“exergy”) to keep powering “both basic 
and non-basic human activities” in industrial civilisation 
“will require more, not less, effort”. 
At the same time, our hunger for energy is 
driving what the paper refers to as “sink costs.” The 
greater our energy and material use, the more waste 
we generate, and so the greater the environmental 
costs. Though they can be ignored for a while, 
eventually those environmental costs translate directly 
into economic costs as it becomes more and more 
difficult to ignore their impacts on our societies. 
Overall, the amount of energy we can extract, 
compared to the energy we are using to extract it, is 
decreasing across the spectrum – unconventional oils, 
nuclear and renewables return less energy in 
generation than conventional oils, whose production 
has peaked – and societies need to abandon fossil 
fuels because of their impact on the climate. 
Whether or not this system still comprises a 
form of capitalism is ultimately a semantic question. It 
depends on how you define capitalism. 
Economic activity is driven by meaning – 
maintaining equal possibilities for the good life while 
lowering emissions dramatically – rather than profit, 
and the meaning is politically, collectively constructed. 
Well, this is the best conceivable case in terms of 
modern state and market institutions. It can’t happen 
without considerable reframing of economic-political 
thinking, in short words: rethinking capitalism as it is 
nowadays. 
 
Disponível em: 
<https://www.independent.co.uk/news/long_reads/ca
pitalism-un-scientists-preparing-end-fossil-fuels-
warning-demise-a8523856.html>. Acesso em: 12 mar. 
2019. (Adaptado). 
 
 
4. Considerando os aspectos linguísticos e estruturais 
presentes no texto, constata-se que 
a) a sentença It depends on how you define 
capitalism, na forma interrogativa seria “Does it 
depends on how do you define capitalism?”. 
b) em Though they can be ignored, o vocábulo 
“though” pode ser substituído pelo termo “through” 
sem alterar o sentido na sentença. 
c) na sentença societies are experiencing rising 
inequality, os termos “experiencing” e “rising” são 
verbos e estão função de gerúndio. 
d) a sentença societies need to abandon fossil fuels, 
na forma negativa seria “societies don´t need to 
abandon fossil fuels”. 
e) na sentença unconventional oils, nuclear and 
renewables, os termos “unconventional” e 
“renewables” são advérbios de modo. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Read the text below and answer the question(s) 
according to it. 
 
SOME OF THE INTERNET'S CRAZIEST 
CONSPIRACY THEORIES 
 
Michael Jackson Is Still Alive 
1The advent of the internet hasn't just 2cooked 
up new conspiracy theories, it's also accelerated 
existing ones. If you refuse to believe that it was the 
Iranians that killed him, perhaps you'll be convinced 
that MJ is actually still alive. Proof? 3His own daughter 
Paris Jackson took a photo of him. Seriously. What do 
you mean you don't see him? 4He's right there in the 
back seat, 5stacked under that pile of clothes wearing 
his iconic hat. Believe, man. Thriller Vol.2 to drop next 
year. 
 
The Moon Doesn't Exist 
It's no good looking at it, night after night. The 
moon doesn't exist. It's a hologram, put there by 
persons unknown. Of course, serial conspiracy theorist 
David Icke has a theory. There are also countless 
YouTubers keeping an eye out, one of whom has gone 
as far as "looking at it regularly for a year". 
Jay Z Is A Time-Travelling Vampire 
There are vast regions of the internet devoted 
to explaining why Jay Z is part of the Illuminati. 
6Hence when this photo, which was taken in New York 
in 1939, appeared last year, he was accused of being a 
time-traveller. And a vampire. This video lists other 
old-time celebrity 7lookalikes, as well as suggesting 
that 8Hollywood stars don't age because they're the 
immortal bloodsucking undead. Not because they're 
9stuffed with botox, then? 
 
The Earth Is Hollow 
10Don't give up, readers. We're halfway 
through this list. We can make it to the end. 11Dig 
deep. Well, not 12too deep. You see, the Earth is 
13hollow and accessible via portals at the north and 
south poles. Luckily though, it's quite habitable down 
there, providing excellent living 14quarters for the lost 
Viking colonies of Greenland and the Nazis, while 
"aliens" are in fact just visitors from the subterranean 
areas. 
 
Siri Can Predict The Apocalypse 
Amazing as it mayseem, given that 15it can't 
do anything else you actually ask it to do, Siri can 
predict the apocalypse. When asked "What day is 27th 
July 2014?", Apple's assistant replied, "The opening of 
the gate of Hades", 16aka The End Of The World. That 
date has now passed without 17issue. Say what you 
like about the maligned MS Office paperclip, but at 
least he didn't 18scaremonger that the end was near. 
 
19We All Live In The Matrix And Billionaires 
Want To Break Us Out Of It 
The New Yorker’s Tad Friend claims that many 
people in Silicon Valley are obsessed with the idea that 
we're all living in a Matrix-like simulation, and some 
are taking that obsession a stage 20further: “Two tech 
billionaires have gone so far as to secretly engage 
scientists to work on breaking us out of the 
simulation.” Here's hoping Mark Zuckerberg is 'The 
One', yeah? 
 
Hitler Is Still Alive 
"21Hitler is still alive" rumours have circulated 
since the 1970s, fuelled by the fact that his crony Josef 
Mengele hid in South America. Stories like this one, 
however, speculate the 125-year-old Hitler has been 
responsible for various world disasters, including 9/11 
and the 2010 Gulf oil spill, which happened on his 
birthday. Other theories say he died in 1984 in Brazil, 
aged 94. Or in Argentina, aged 73. 
 
Adapted from 
http://www.shortlist.com/entertainment/20-of-the-
internets-craziestconspiracy-theories/. 
Acesso em: 14 de fev 2017. 
 
 
Glossary: 
2. cook up – to invent a story, a plan, etc. 
5. stacked – covered with things 
6. hence – the reason, the explanation for 
7. lookalikes – similar in appearance 
9. stuffed – filled with something 
11. dig – to make a hole in the ground 
13. hollow – a hole or empty space 
14. quarter – a place to live 
16. aka – abbreviation for also known as 
17. issue – problem 
18. scaremonger – a person that creates stories that 
cause public fear 
 
 
5. “His own daughter Paris Jackson took a photo of 
him” (reference 3). 
 
Mark the correct masculine type of the highlighted 
word. 
a) Niece. 
b) Sister. 
c) Brother. 
d) Son. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
 
TEXTO PARA AS PRÓXIMAS 2 QUESTÕES: 
Read the text below and answer question(s) according 
to it. 
 
Most Common Prejudices 
 
What are some of the most common ways 
people discriminate against each other? Some of the 
areas where people show their intolerance are well-
known, such as race. But 1others are less 
2acknowledged, even if more common: 
 
Age: 3Ageism is more common than you think. Older 
people are thought to be inflexible and 4stuck in the 
past, while younger people are seen as inexperienced 
and naive. 5One-fifth of working adults say they 
experience ageism in the 6workplace. 
Class: Classism usually takes the form of 
discrimination by wealthier people against those who 
are less well off. However, classism goes both ways – 
people of lower economic status can see the wealthy 
as elite snobs who, while monetarily secure, are 
morally 7bankrupt. 
Color: Different from racism, colorism is discrimination 
based only on the color of a person’s skin; how 
relatively dark or light they are. Colorism takes place 
within and between races. It is common in multi-ethnic 
and non-white societies and societies with historical 
racial prejudice. 
Ability: 8Usually called ableism, a less well-known 
form of prejudice is discrimination against people with 
visible disabilities such as 9those in wheelchairs or with 
a learning disability. The disabled face discrimination 
not only from their 10peers, but from institutions, 
schools, employers, and 11landowners who are hesitant 
to accommodate the disabled. 
Sex/Gender: Possibly the most universal and long 
running prejudice is that based on a person’s gender 
or sex. Historically, sexism has placed men in a more 
advantageous position than women. 
Weight/Size: In short, sizeism is discrimination 
based on 12a person’s body size or weight. Sizeism 
works with social standards of beauty and usually 
takes the form of discrimination against the overweight 
– anti-fat prejudice. 
Religion: Religious discrimination and 13persecution 
has been common throughout history. But 14prejudice 
based on religious affiliation doesn’t end with 
organized religion; 15atheists are 16prone to 
discrimination and being discriminated against. 
Sexual Orientation: Most commonly, prejudice 
based on sexual orientation includes discrimination 
against those of a non-heterosexual orientation. 
Discrimination against the non-heterosexual takes 
many forms depending on the society. In some 
societies prejudice is open and tolerated, but in most 
Western societies, 17bias against the non-heterosexual 
is more discreet. 
Country of Origin: Nativism is a common form of 
discrimination against immigrants to a country. Unlike 
many other forms of discrimination, nativism is many 
times encouraged and enforced by some public 
entities. 
 
18Which prejudice do you have? Which prejudice have 
you experienced? 
 
Adapted from https://aloftyexistence.wordpress.com 
 
 
Glossary: 
2acknowledged – reconhecidos(as) 
4stuck – presos(as) 
7bankrupt – falidos(as) 
10peers - pares; colegas 
11landowners – proprietários(as) 
16prone – propensos(as) 
18bias – julgamento ou opinião parcial 
 
 
6. The word “workplace” (reference 6) means 
a) an institution for people who need professional care. 
b) a place where people work. 
c) home for old people. 
d) a school where people live. 
 
7. The sentence “one-fifth of working adults say they 
experience ageism in the workplace” (reference 5) 
means that 
a) twenty per cent of working adults suffer the 
consequences of ageism at work. 
b) 1 15 of adults work under pressure. 
c) 1 5 of workers experience prejudice against their 
type of work. 
d) half of the adult population experiences intolerance 
at work. 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Leia o texto a seguir e responda à(s) questão(ões). 
 
This migrant crisis is different from all others 
 
2015 was unquestionably the year of the 
migrant. The news was dominated for months by 
pictures of vast crowds shuffling through the borders 
of yet another European country, being treated with 
brutality in some places and given a reluctant welcome 
in others. 
When researching a report for radio and 
television about the migrant phenomenon, it is 
possible to realize that there was nothing new about it. 
For many years, waves of displaced and frightened 
people have broken over Europe again and again and 
the images have been strikingly similar each time. 
In 1945, _____1_____ the ethnic Germans, 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
forced out of their homes in Poland, Czechoslovakia 
and Russia and obliged to seek shelter in a shattered 
and divided Germany. More recently, we can see 
floods of Albanian refugees escaping from the ethnic 
cleansing of the Serbian forces in Kosovo in 1998 and 
1999. 
Yet there is one major difference between 
these waves of migrants in the past and the one we 
saw in 2015. Professor Alex Betts, director of the 
Refugee Studies Centre at Oxford University says that 
it was the first time Europe faced people coming in 
from the outside in large numbers as refugees. He 
explains: “The fact that many are Muslims is perceived 
as challenging Europe’s identity.” European societies 
are changing very fast, indeed, as a result of 
immigration. In London, for instance, more than 300 
languages are now spoken, according to a recent 
academic study. The influx of migrants reinforces 
people’s sense that their identity is under threat. 
But how can the world deal conclusively with 
the problem? The former UN under-secretary-general 
for humanitarian affairs, Sir John Holmes, blames 
global governance. “Other powers are rising,” he says 
– Syria is an example of this. “And the United Statesdoesn’t have the influence it once did, so the problem’s 
not being fixed, no-one’s waving the big stick and 
we’re having to pick up the pieces.” We have endured 
an entire century of exile and homelessness and the 
cause is always the same - conflict and bad 
government. Unless these are dealt with, the flow of 
migrants will never be stopped. 
 
Adapted from http://www.bbc.com/news/world-
35091772 
 
 
8. Choose the alternative that correctly substitutes 
the expression for instance in the sentence “In 
London, for instance, more than 300 languages...” 
(paragraph 4). 
a) for example 
b) such as 
c) on the other hand 
d) however 
e) no exception 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
9. Read the cartoon below and answer the question. 
 
 
 
The verb “clear”, in the cartoon, can be replaced by 
a) clean 
b) bright 
c) prohibited 
d) authorized 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Frequently Asked Questions – Instagram 
 
What is Instagram? 
It’s an application for your mobile phone that enables 
you to edit pictures you have taken with your mobile 
phone camera using built-in filters and share them 
with others. If you have an Instagram account you can 
tag pictures, rate and comment on other people’s 
pictures and follow other users. 
How much is your app? 
$ 0,00. 
Where does the name come from? 
When we were kids we loved playing around with 
cameras. We loved how different types of old cameras 
marketed themselves as “instant” - something we take 
for granted today. We also felt that the snapshots 
people were taking were like telegrams in that they got 
sent over the wire to others - so we figured why not 
combine the two? 
How did the idea come about? 
We love taking photos. We always assumed taking 
interesting photos required a big bulky camera and a 
couple years of art school. But as mobile phone 
cameras got better and better, we decided to 
challenge that assumption. We created Instagram to 
solve three simple problems: 
- Mobile photos always come out looking mediocre. 
Our awesome looking filters transform your photos 
into professional-looking snapshots. 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
- Sharing on multiple platforms is a pain - we help you 
take a picture once, then share it (instantly) on 
multiple services. 
- Most uploading experiences are clumsy and take 
forever - we’ve optimized the experience to be fast 
and efficient. 
How does privacy work? 
We have adopted a follower model that means if 
you’re “public” on Instagram, anyone can subscribe to 
follow your photos. We do, however, have a special 
private option. In this mode, a user can make sure 
he/she must approve all follow requests before they go 
through. 
Who can see my photos? 
All photos are public by default which means they are 
visible to anyone who has an account. If you choose to 
make your account private, then only people who 
follow you on Instagram will be able to see your 
photos. 
 
Adapted from https://instagram.com/about/faq/# 
 
 
10. Which words are synonyms for photos in the 
text? 
a) requests and filters. 
b) snapshots and pictures. 
c) followers and pictures. 
d) platforms and pictures. 
e) requests and snapshots. 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
A couple of weeks ago I was asked what I thought the 
future of technology in education was. It is a really 
interesting question and one that I am required to 
think about all the time. By its very nature, technology 
changes at a fast pace and making it accessible to 
pupils, teachers and other stakeholders is an ongoing 
challenge. So what is the future? Is it the iPad? No, I 
don't think it is. For me, the future is not about one 
specific device. Don't get me wrong, I love the iPad. In 
fact, I have just finished a trial to see if using them 
really does support teaching and learning – and they 
have proved effective. I've written about the trial in 
more detail on my blog. iPads and other mobile 
technology are the ‘now’. Although, they will play a 
part in the future, four years ago the iPad didn't even 
exist. We don't know what will be the current 
technology in another four. Perhaps it will be wearable 
devices such as Google Glass, although I suspect that 
tablets will still be used in education. The future is 
about access, anywhere learning and collaboration, 
both locally and globally. Teaching and learning is 
going to be social. Schools of the future could have a 
traditional cohort of students, as well as online only 
students who live across the country or even the 
world. Things are already starting to move this way 
with the emergence of massive open online courses 
(MOOCs). For me the future of technology in education 
is the cloud. Technology can often be a barrier to 
teaching and learning. I think the cloud will go a long 
way to removing this barrier. Why? By removing the 
number of things that can go wrong. Schools will only 
need one major thing to be prepared for the future. 
They will not need software installed, servers or local 
file storage. Schools will need a fast robust internet 
connection. Infrastructure is paramount to the future 
of technology in education. We don't know what the 
new ‘in’ device will be in the future. What we do know 
is that it will need the cloud. Schools and other 
educational institutions will need to futureproof their 
infrastructure the best they can. 
 
(Source: The Guardian, Author: Matt Britland, 2013) 
 
 
11. Match these words with their definitions. 
 
1. stakeholders 
2. trial 
3. barrier 
4. storage 
 
( ) the process of testing something to see if it 
works 
( ) Obstacle 
( ) someone who has an interest in the success of 
something 
( ) space where things can be kept 
 
The correct sequence from the top to the bottom is: 
a) 3 - 2 - 4 - 1 
b) 4 - 1 - 3 - 2 
c) 1 - 4 - 2 - 3 
d) 2 - 3 - 1 – 4 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
The Red Planet 
 
Mars is a small rocky body once thought to be very 
Earthlike. Like the other terrestrial planets - Mercury, 
Venus, and Earth - its surface has been changed by 
volcanism, impacts from other bodies, movements of 
its crust, and atmospheric effects such as dust storms. 
It has polar ice caps that grow and recede with the 
change of seasons; areas of layered soils near the 
Martian poles suggest that the planet's climate has 
changed more than once, perhaps caused by a regular 
change in the planet's orbit. 
Martian tectonism, the formation and change of a 
planet's crust, differs from Earth's. Where Earth 
tectonics involve sliding plates that grind against each 
other or spread apart in the seafloors, Martian 
tectonics seem to be vertical, with hot lava pushing 
upwards through the crust to the surface. 
Periodically, great dust storms engulf the entire planet. 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
The effects of these storms are dramatic, including 
giant dunes, wind streaks, and wind-carved features. 
Scientists believe that 3.5 billion years ago, Mars 
experienced the largest known floods in the solar 
system. This water may even have pooled into lakes or 
shallow oceans. But where did the ancient flood water 
come from, how long did it last, and where did it go? 
At present, Mars is too cold and its atmosphere is too 
thin to allow liquid water to exist at the surface for 
long. There's water ice close to the surface and more 
water frozen in the polar ice caps, but the quantity of 
water required to carve Mars's great channels and 
flood plains is not evident on - or near - the surface 
today. Images from NASA's Mars Global Surveyor 
spacecraft suggest that underground reserves of water 
may break through the surface as springs. The 
answers may lie deep beneath Mars's red soil. 
Unraveling the story of water on Mars is important to 
unlocking its past climate history, which will help us 
understand the evolutionof all planets, including our 
own. Water is also believed to be a central ingredient 
for the initiation of life; the evidence of past or present 
water on Mars is expected to hold clues about past or 
present life on Mars, as well as the potential for life 
elsewhere in the universe. And, before humans can 
safely go to Mars, we need to know much more about 
the planet's environment, including the availability of 
resources such as water. 
Mars has some remarkable geological characteristics, 
including the largest volcanic mountain in the solar 
system, Olympus Mons; volcanoes in the northern 
Tharsis region that are so huge they deform the 
planet's roundness; and a gigantic equatorial rift 
valley, the Valles Marineris. This canyon system 
stretches a distance equivalent to the distance from 
New York to Los Angeles; Arizona's Grand Canyon 
could easily fit into one of the side canyons of this 
great chasm. 
Mars also has two small moons, Phobos and Deimos. 
Although no one knows how they formed, they may be 
asteroids snared by Mars's gravity. 
 
http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/space/s
olar-system/mars-article/Text courtesy NASA/JPL-
2015. 
 
 
12. In the sentence “Mars has some remarkable 
geological characteristics, including the largest volcanic 
mountain in the solar system,” each pair of the 
underlined words are grammatically classified as 
a) adverb and adjective. 
b) adjective and noun. 
c) noun and adjective. 
d) noun and adverb. 
 
 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Leia o texto abaixo para responder à(s) questão(ões) a 
seguir. 
 
 
 
Living in Cohousing 
 
Cohousing residents like to describe their communities 
as “intentional neighborhoods.” The underlying desire 
is to have a strong sense of community with your 
neighbors. 
 
Who are your neighbors? 
The majority of cohousing communities in the United 
States comprise 20 to 40 units, with other ranging 
from 7 to 67 homes. Cohousing attracts a wide range 
of household types: single people of all ages; couples; 
families and single parents of infants, toddlers, and 
school-aged children; couples whose children are 
grown; and retirees. 
Some cohousing communities create a shared vision or 
ethic, but residents typically represent a variety of 
religious and spiritual backgrounds. Cohousing 
residents often want to make a difference, which can 
become a stated mission. Many cohousing community 
websites demonstrate their commitment to improving 
the community and the world. For example, at 
Sunward Cohousing near Ann Arbor, MI, the goal is to 
create a place “where lives are simplified, the Earth is 
respected, diversity is welcomed, children play 
together in safety, and living in community with 
neighbors comes naturally.” Sonora Cohousing in 
Tucson, AZ, seeks “a diversity of backgrounds, ages 
and opinions, with our one shared value being the 
commitment to working out our problems and finding 
consensus solutions that satisfy all members.” Tierra 
Nueva Cohousing in Oceano, CA, exists “because each 
of us desires a greater sense of community, as well as 
strong interaction with and support from our 
neighbors.” 
 
 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
 
Is there a participation requirement? 
Participation ebbs and flows among individual 
members as their personal lives allow them to 
contribute more time or less time to the community. 
There needs to be a mutual trust among members that 
everyone is doing what they can at any given time. A 
minimum level of participation generally includes 
cleaning the common house or maintaining the 
commonly owned grounds. Participation is dependent 
upon the community’s needs. 
 
What about conflict? 
Conflict happens. One of cohousing’s greatest 
strengths is the assumption that members can work 
out their disagreements. Most cohousing communities 
use consensus decision-making, which tends to satisfy 
most residents and give them a sense of participation 
on challenging issues. Some communities convene a 
conflict-resolution team when a particularly hot issue 
arises. 
Because many cohousing residents are seeking a 
collaborative and cooperative environment, 
disagreements are often worked out to the satisfaction 
of all involved. Cohousing residents share the common 
goal of making their lives more enjoyable by 
cooperating with their neighbors. 
 
http://www.cohousing.org/living. Adaptado. Acesso 
em: 27/07/15 
 
 
13. “… share the common goal…” (in the last 
paragraph), in Portuguese means 
a) dividir tarefas diárias. 
b) ajudar-se mutuamente. 
c) compartilhar objetivos comuns. 
d) distribuir tarefas caseiras. 
e) comemorar objetivos alcançados. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Read the text carefully. Then, choose the alternative 
whose words fill in the blanks properly, considering 
both context and grammar. 
 
 
 
Eric Moussambani of Equatorial Guinea became one of 
the most loved athletes of the 2000 games. His race 
was the 100 -metre freestyle swim. He jumped into 
the pool and started __________. After the first 50 
metres he __________ very tired. He went more and 
more slowly and almost __________ in the middle of 
the pool. The officials worried that he was drowning. 
But Moussambani continued and finally __________ 
the race with a time of 1 minute and 52 seconds, the 
__________ in the history of the Olympics. Still, 
Moussambani was very happy. 
 
Global: learn English, learn through English, learn 
about English; Pre-intermediate. CLANDFIELD, 
L. Macmillan Education, 2010. Adaptado. 
 
 
14. The CORRECT alternative is 
a) swimming / was / stopped / finished / slowest 
b) swam / was / stop / finishes / slower 
c) to swim / is / stop / finishes / slow 
d) swam / were / stopped / finished / slowest 
e) to swim / is / stops / finished / slower 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Leia o texto abaixo para responder à(s) questão(ões) a 
seguir. 
 
The Health Benefits of Sport and Physical 
Activity 
Although research interest on physical activity and 
health dates back to the 1950s, the breakthrough in 
the scientific evidence on health benefits of physical 
activity largely took place during the 1980s and 1990s. 
There is an overwhelming amount of scientific 
evidence on the positive effects of sport and physical 
activity as part of a healthy lifestyle. The positive, 
direct effects of engaging in regular physical activity 
are particularly apparent in the prevention of several 
chronic diseases, including: cardiovascular disease, 
diabetes, cancer, hypertension, obesity, depression 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
and osteoporosis. 
 
Sport and Physical Activity as part of a Healthy 
Lifestyle 
A number of factors influence the way in which sport 
and physical activity impact on health in different 
populations. Sport and physical activity in itself may 
not directly lead to benefits but, in combination with 
other factors, can promote healthy lifestyles. Elements 
that may be determinants on health include nutrition, 
intensity and type of physical activity, appropriate 
footwear and clothing, climate, injury, stress levels and 
sleep patterns. 
 
Disponível em: 
<http://www.sportanddev.org/en/learnmore/sport_an
d_health/the_health_benefits_of_sport_and_physical_a
ctivity/>. Acesso em: 18 mar. 2016. (Adaptado). 
 
 
15. Considerando-se os aspectos linguísticos e 
estruturais do texto, tem-se o seguinte: 
a) O termo destacado em “Although research interest 
on physical activity…” expressa adição e inclusão de 
uma ideia. 
b) A expressão em destaque em “Sport and physical 
activity in itself ...” é formada por preposição e 
pronome reflexivo. 
c) O termo “may” em “Elements that may be 
determinants on health” pode ser substituído, sem 
prejuízo de sentido, por “must”. 
d) Apalavra “overwhelming” em “There is an 
overwhelming amount of scientific evidence” 
equivale, em português, a “indiscutível”. 
e) Os termos large largely;→ direct directly;→ 
intense intensity;→ active activity→ evidenciam a 
transformação de adjetivos em advérbios. 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Based on the text below, answer the question(s). 
 
Additional Factors That Affect Sleep Comfort 
By Richard A. Staehler, MD 
 
 The type of mattress one uses is not the only factor 
for patients with pain and sleep difficulty. Many other 
factors need to be considered that may affect sleep, 
including: 
 
 - medication side effects; 
 - irregular sleep patterns; 
 - caffeine – alcohol – tobacco use; 
 - sleep apnea; 
 - anxiety – stress. 
 
If comfort is not the only thing making sleep 
difficult, it is advisable for the patient to consult his or 
her family physician to discuss other possible causes 
and treatments for sleeplessness. 
If anyone experiences significant or persistent 
back pain, there may be an underlying back condition 
that has nothing to do with the mattress. It is always 
advisable for people with back pain to consult with a 
health care provider for a thorough exam, diagnosis, 
and treatment program. 
As a reminder, sleep comfort is first and 
foremost a matter of personal preference. No one 
should expect that switching mattresses or beds will 
cure their lower back pain, and changes in the type of 
bed or mattress used should be made solely for the 
sake of comfort. 
 
(Adapted from http://www.spine-
health.com/wellness/sleep/additional-factors-affect-
sleep-comfort) 
 
 
 
16. Considering the text, the word “solely” in “[...] 
changes in the type of bed or mattress used should be 
made solely for the sake of comfort.” means 
a) only. 
b) mainly. 
c) nearly. 
d) lately. 
e) quickly. 
 
17. Which sequence best completes this paragraph 
from a recommendation Ietter? 
 
John is a very __________ teacher. Attractive and 
professional-looking, he has __________ interpersonal 
skills and is __________ understood by students and 
parents alike. He carries out every responsibility 
__________ and in a timely manner. 
(Adapted from http://www.writeexpress.com) 
a) committed/good/easy/good 
b) committing/good/easily/well 
c) committing/well/easy/good 
d) committed/well/easy/well 
e) committed/good/easily/well 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Global protest grows as citizens lose faith in 
politics and the state 
 
The demonstrations in Brazil began after a 
small rise in bus fares that triggered mass protests. 
Within days this had become a nationwide movement 
whose concerns had spread far beyond fares: more 
than a million people were on the streets shouting 
about everything − from corruption to the cost of 
living to the amount of money being spent on the 
World Cup. 
In Turkey, it was a similar story. A protest over 
the future of a city park in Istanbul snowballed too into 
something bigger, a wider-ranging political 
confrontation with prime minister. 
If the recent scenes have seemed familiar, it is 
because they shared common features: viral, loosely 
organised with fractured messages and mostly taking 
place in urban public locations. 
Unlike the protest movement of 1968, or even 
the end of Soviet influence in Eastern Europe in 1989, 
these are movements with few discernible leaders and 
often conflicting ideologies. Their points of reference 
are not even necessarily ideological, but take 
inspiration from other protests, including those of the 
Arab Spring and the Occupy movement. The result has 
seen a wave of social movements − sometimes short-
lived − from Wall Street to Tel Aviv and from Istanbul 
to Rio de Janeiro, often engaging younger, better 
educated and wealthier members of society. 
In Brazil, the varied banners underlined the 
difficulty of easy categorisation as protesters held aloft 
signs expressing a range of demands from education 
reforms to free bus fares, while denouncing the billions 
of public dollars spent on stadiums for the 2014 World 
Cup and the Olympics. 
1“It’s sort of a Catch-22”, Rodrigues da Cunha, 
a 63-year-old protester told the Associated Press. “On 
the one hand, we need some sort of leadership; on the 
other, we don’t want this to be compromised by being 
affiliated with any political party.” 
As the Economist pointed out, while mass 
movements in Britain, France, Sweden and Turkey 
have been inspired by a variety of causes, including 
falling living standards, authoritarian government and 
worries about immigration, Brazil does not fit the 
picture, with youth unemployment at a record low and 
enjoying the biggest leap in living standards in the 
country’s history. 
So what’s going on? “This is a very peculiar 
moment”, Saskia Sassen, a sociology professor at 
Columbia University, New York, told the Observer. She 
argues that one distinguishing factor is that many of 
the protest movements of the past decade have been 
defined by the involvement of what she calls “the 
modest middle class”, who have often been 
beneficiaries of the systems they are protesting 
against, but whose positions have been eroded by 
neoliberal economic policies that have seen both 
distribution of wealth and opportunities captured by a 
narrowing minority. As people have come to feel more 
distant from government and economic institutions, a 
large part of the new mass forms of dissent has come 
to be seen as an opportunity to demonstrate ideas of 
“citizenship”. 
Sassen’s belief that many of the recent 
protests are middle-class-driven appeared to be 
confirmed overtly − in the case of Brazil, at least. 
 
theguardian.com 
 
 
18. In the fourth paragraph, the author characterizes 
the typical members of the Brazilian society engaging 
in the protests. 
This characterization is based on the criteria of: 
a) age, education, income 
b) maturity, schooling, profit 
c) experience, culture, interest 
d) generation, breeding, expenditure 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Leia a sequência em quadrinhos de Peanuts, 
personagem popular nas revistas americanas, e 
responda à(s) questão(ões). 
 
 
 
 
19. The alternative which is similar in meaning to the 
text expression: “... right away...”, in the second 
picture is 
a) immediately. 
b) frequently. 
c) partially. 
d) precisely. 
e) occasionally. 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
 
TEXTO PARA AS PRÓXIMAS 2 QUESTÕES: 
Answer question(s) according to text. 
 
Bag your Bags, Bring 'em Back 
 
 The best way to recycle your plastic bags and film is to 
bring them back to a store that collects them for 
recycling. Just stuff them clean and dry into a single 
plastic bag, tie it up, and drop it into a plastic bag 
collection container found at the retail partners. Note: 
The stores listed below have partnered with King 
County to promote the Bag Your Bag campaign. There 
may be other stores not listed that accept plastic bags 
for recycling. 
 1Plastic bags and film collected at grocery stores stay 
cleaner and are easier for recycling facilities to process 
than bags placed in your home recycling collection bin. 
The bags are turned into new products like decking, 
benches, playground structures, and new plastic bags. 
And remember to bring along your reusable bags when 
you shop. 
 The Bag your Bags, Bring 'em Back campaign is a 
partnership between the King County Solid Waste 
Division and local grocery stores to show the best way 
to recycle plastic bags. 
 
(Retrieved and adapted from 
http://your.kingcounty.gov/solidwaste/garbage-
recycling/bag-your-bags.asp. Access on September 
28th, 2014) 
 
 
20. In the title of the campaign, ‘Bag your Bags, 
Bring ‘em Back’, the words in bold are respectivelyclassified as: 
a) verb and noun. 
b) verb and adjective. 
c) noun and verb. 
d) noun and adjective. 
e) adjective and verb. 
 
21. Traditionally, at a grocery store, you can buy 
a) shoes. 
b) clothes. 
c) food. 
d) medicines. 
e) electronics. 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
JOBS AT HIGH RISK 
 
It is an invisible force that goes by many 
names. Computerization. Automation. Artificial 
intelligence. Technology. Innovation. And, everyone's 
favorite, ROBOTS. 
Whatever name you prefer, some form of it 
has been stimulating progress and 1killing jobs - from 
tailors to paralegals - for centuries. But this time is 
different: nearly half of American jobs today could be 
automated in "a decade or two". The question is: 
which half? 
Another way of posing the same question is: 
2Where do machines work better than people? 
3Tractors are more powerful than farmers. Robotic 
arms are stronger and more tireless than assembly-line 
workers. But in the past 30 years, software and robots 
have succeeded replacing a particular kind of 
occupation: the average-wage, middle-skill, routine-
heavy worker, especially in manufacturing and office 
administration. 
Indeed, it's projected that the next 4wave of 
computer progress will continue to endanger human 
work where it already has: manufacturing, 
administrative support, retail, and transportation. Most 
remaining factory jobs are "likely to diminish over the 
next decades". Cashiers, counter clerks, and 
telemarketers are similarly endangered. On the other 
hand, health care workers, 5people responsible for our 
safety, and management positions are 6the least likely 
to be automated. 
 
The next big thing 
We might be on the edge of an innovating 
moment in robotics and artificial intelligence. Although 
the past 30 years have reduced the middle, high- and 
low-skill jobs have actually increased, as if protected 
from the invading armies of robots by their own moats. 
Higher-skill workers have been protected by a kind of 
social-intelligence moat. Computers are historically 
good at executing routines, but they're bad at finding 
patterns, communicating with people, and making 
decisions, which is what managers are paid to do. This 
is why some people think managers are, for the 
moment, one of the largest categories immune to the 
fast wave of AI. 
Meanwhile, lower-skill workers have been 
protected by the Moravec moat. Hans Moravec was a 
futurist who pointed out that machine technology 
copied a savant infant: Machines could do long math 
equations instantly and beat anybody in chess, but 
they can't answer a simple question or walk up a flight 
of stairs. As a result, not skilled work done by people 
without much education (like home health care 
workers, or fast-food attendants) have been saved, 
too. 
 
The human half 
In the 19th century, new manufacturing 
technology replaced what was then skilled labor. In 
the second half of the 20th century, however, software 
technology took the place of median-salaried office 
work. The first wave showed that machines are better 
at assembling things. The second showed that 
machines are better at organizing things. Now data 
analytics and self-driving cars suggest they might be 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
better at pattern-recognition and driving. So what are 
we better at? 
7The safest industries and jobs are dominated 
by managers, health-care workers, and a super-
category that includes education, media, and 
community service. One conclusion to draw from this is 
that humans are, and will always be, superior at 
working with, and 8caring for other humans. In this 
light, automation doesn't make the world worse. Far 
from it: it creates new 9opportunities for human 
creativity. 
But robots are already creeping into 
diagnostics and surgeries. Schools are already 
experimenting with software that replaces teaching 
hours. The fact that some industries have been safe 
from automation 10for the last three decades doesn't 
guarantee that they'll be safe for the next one. 
It would be anxious enough if we knew exactly 
which jobs are next in line for automation. 11The truth 
is scarier. 12We don't really have a clue. 
 
(Adapted from 
http://www.businessinsider.com/robots-
overtakingamerican- 
jobs-2014-1) 
 
Glossary: 
savant infant – a child with great knowledge and ability 
to assemble – to make something by joining separate 
parts 
to creep – to move slowly, quietly and carefully 
 
 
22. According to the first paragraph, robots can be 
__________ by many names. 
a) called 
b) invented 
c) examined 
d) protected 
 
23. Leia os avisos abaixo e marque a opção que 
corresponde a melhor tradução para o português. 
 
1. Do not leave bags unattended 
2. Beware of PICKPOCKETS 
3. Fragile 
4. OUT OF ORDER 
5. Mind the step 
a) 1 – Não deixe suas malas sozinhas; 2 – Cuidado 
com os batedores de carteiras; 3 – Frágil; 4 – 
Quebrado; 5 – Cuidado com o degrau. 
b) 1 – Não deixe suas bolsas sozinhas; 2 – Cuidado 
com os pegadores de bolsos; 3 – Frágil; 4 – Fora 
de ordem; 5 – Cuidado com os passos. 
c) 1 – Não deixe suas malas sem atendimento; 2 – 
Cuidado com as bolsas; 3 – Frágil; 4 – Quebrado; 5 
– Cuidado com os passos. 
d) 1 – Não embarque suas malas sozinhas; 2 – 
Cuidado com os batedores de carteira; 3 – Frágil; 4 
– Fora de ordem; 5 – Mantenha o estepe. 
e) 1 – Não abandone suas malas; 2 – Cuidado com os 
ladrões; 3 – Frágil; 4 – Sem funcionamento; 5 – 
Preste atenção à pegada. 
 
24. Combine as situações da coluna da esquerda com 
os locais adequados indicados na coluna da direita. Em 
seguida, escolha a opção correta dessa combinação. 
 
1. Could we have the 
menu, please? 
A. in a garden 
2. The music isn’t very 
good, is it? 
B. in a living room 
3. I hope the film is 
going to be good. 
C. at a wedding 
4. Ow! The sand is really 
hot. 
D. in a classroom 
5. Doesn’t the bride look 
beautiful? 
E. in a restaurant 
6. Switch on the 
television. 
F. on a beach 
7. The judge has fallen 
asleep. 
G. in a cinema queue 
8. The grass needs 
cutting. 
H. in a bathroom 
9. Where’s the soap? I. in a courtroom 
10. Who’s been writing 
on the blackboard? 
J. at a concert 
 
a) 1 – E; 2 – B; 3 – J; 4 – A; 5 – I; 6 – C; 7 – D; 8 – F; 
9 – G; 10 – H 
b) 1 – E; 2 – C; 3 – H; 4 – A; 5 – J; 6 – G; 7 – D; 8 – 
F; 9 – B; 10 – I 
c) 1 – E; 2 – J; 3 – G; 4 – F; 5 – I; 6 – A; 7 – B; 8 – C; 
9 – D; 10 – H 
d) 1 – E; 2 – A; 3 – G; 4 – H; 5 – J; 6 – B; 7 – C; 8 – 
F; 9 – D; 10 – I 
e) 1 – E; 2 – J; 3 – G; 4 – F; 5 – C; 6 – B; 7 – I; 8 – A; 
9 – H; 10 – D 
 
25. It’s My Job: A Manufacturing Engineer 
 
I work in a large plant bakery. We make bread for 
supermarkets. Most of the bread people eat in the 
United Kingdom comes from plants like this. My job is 
to keep the plant running, to maintain all the 
machinery. If anything goes wrong, it’s my 
responsibility to get the plant going again. 
The entire process is computer controlled. These are 
the main stages. First, 225 kilogrammes of flour, 
water, yeast, fat, and other ingredients are mixed in a 
steel mixer for three minutes to make dough. Then the 
dough is cut into loaves, put into tins and left for 54 
minutes in a prover for the yeast to work. After that 
the loaves are baked in giant gas ovens for precisely 
21 minutes. Next, they’re left to cool for 110 minutes, 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
and then taken out of their tins using suction. Then 
they are sprayed with a chemical to keep them fresh 
longer. Next, the loaves are sliced in a high-speed 
slicer with giant saw blades. Finally, they’re wrapped 
by the wrapping machines and sent to supermarkets. 
 
The process never stops. Our bakery produces 10,000 
loaves per hour – that’s 240,000 per day! 
 
Marque a opção que indica a referênciacorreta dos 
itens abaixo: 
 
1. 225kg 
2. 3 minutos 
3. 54 minutos 
4. 21minutos 
5. 110 minutos 
6. 10,000 
7. 240,00 
 
a) 1 – peso dos ingredientes; 2 – tempo de 
preparação; 3 – descanso da massa; 4 – assar; 5 – 
resfriamento; 6 – produção por hora; 7 – produção 
diária. 
b) 1 – peso dos ingredientes; 2 – descanso da massa; 
3 – tempo de preparação; 4 – assar; 5 – 
resfriamento; 6 – produção diária; 7 – produção por 
hora. 
c) 1 – peso dos ingredientes; 2 – resfriamento; 3 – 
descanso da massa; 4 – tempo de preparação; 5 – 
assar; 6 – produção por hora; 7 – produção diária. 
d) 1 – peso dos ingredientes; 2 – tempo de 
preparação; 3 – descanso da massa; 4 – 
resfriamento; 5 – assar; 6 – produção diária; 7 – 
produção por hora. 
e) 1 – peso dos ingredientes; 2 – tempo de 
preparação; 3 – descanso da massa; 4 – 
resfriamento; 5 – assar; 6 – produção por hora; 7 – 
produção diária. 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Wiser and 4older 
 
Sometimes the world of science and medicine 
produces something that can only be described as 
1unalloyed good news. We are used to stories about 
pollution scares and increases in the rates of cancer, 
but bubbling beneath is the stark reality that we live at 
a time when humans are healthier and 5live longer 
than at any time in our history. 
The Office for National Statistics figures, 
recently released, make heartening if surprising 
reading. They show that 2most men are surviving until 
the age of 85, while women are living four years 
longer. Furthermore, we can expect these figures to 
increase as the century progresses. What’s driving this 
extraordinary increase in human 6longevity? 
The increase has been driven by a number of 
advances. Firstly, the huge reduction in neonatal and 
infant deaths. These days, nearly all babies born in a 
prosperous advanced nation can expect to survive into 
adulthood. Over half the couples in the world are 
having fewer than two children each. This is partly 
because almost everywhere infant mortality is falling, 
globally faster today than at any time in human 
history. 
Sanitation, vaccination and better diets have 
increased lifespans once we survive infancy, but they 
cannot wholly explain why people are living into their 
eighties and beyond. A cut in physical stress and a 
huge reduction in exposure to toxic and carcinogenic 
substances in the environment may explain much of 
the increase. In the 1950s, thousands died or became 
very ill during the London smogs. That threat, along 
with numerous other environmental containments, has 
gone. We have also begun to stop smoking and we are 
drinking less, too. 
Finally, life is much safer than it used to be. As 
psychologist Steven Pinker shows in his book, The 
better angels of our nature, the history of all societies 
has shown an amazing decline in violence over the 
past century. We are ten times less likely to be 
murdered today than we were two hundred years ago, 
and three times less likely to be killed on the roads 
than we were in the 1960s. 
So, can the increase in longevity continue? 
According to gerontologists, there is no clear answer. 
Currently the maximum human lifespan is 122 years, 
attained by the French woman Jeanne Calment who 
died in 1997. Significantly, no one has come close to 
her astonishing record. Instead, more and more of us 
are dodging the bullets of middle age and living to our 
personal genetic potential. So how long is the natural 
human lifespan? The answer seems to be that, in a 
world where infectious diseases are kept at bay and 
where we are safe from predators and starvation, and 
provided we keep our lifestyles in check, 3most people 
should reach 80 or 90. 
Something very big is going on, wrote Ban Ki-
moon, the United Nations secretary general. He 
warned that “the social and economic implications of 
this phenomenon are profound, extending far beyond 
the individual 7older person and the immediate family, 
touching broader society and the global community in 
unprecedented ways”. What the figures show more 
than anything is that we need a rapid and radical 
rethink of how we treat 8the elderly among us, as they 
will soon be the majority. 
 
telegraph.co.uk 
 
 
 
 
 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
 
26. Words and expressions such as older (ref. 4), live 
longer (ref. 5), longevity (ref. 6), older person (ref. 7) 
and the elderly (ref. 8) belong to the same semantic 
field. 
The elderly is translated as: 
a) antigos 
b) idosos 
c) obsoletos 
d) longínquos 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Brazilian protest songs: “Peace without a voice 
is no peace but fear” 
 
1I was born a year after the military coup in 
Brazil. The dictatorship that followed lasted from 1964 
until 1985 - all my childhood and teenage years. But 
until I was 13 or 14 years old, 2I had no clue of what 
was going on in my country. I lived in a small town 
and my parents were not involved in politics. We 
listened to the radio, watched the news on TV and had 
a subscription to a national newspaper, but 3all the 
media were completely censored at that time. The fact 
that the newspaper was sometimes printed with a 
blank space or 4a cake recipe in the middle of the news 
never really caught my attention. It was always like 
that and I didn’t know any better. 
I had my first glimpse of what it really meant 
to have a military government and what kind of things 
were going on through songs. There was a song that I 
liked a lot, “O bêbado e a equilibrista”, 6although the 
lyrics didn’t make much sense to me: “My Brazil… / 
that dreams of the return / of Henfil’s brother / and so 
many people that left / on rocket fins”. Henfil was a 
famous cartoonist, but who was his brother? Who 
were the people who left? What were they singing 
about? This was in 1979 and I was 13. 
Thanks to this song by João Bosco and Aldir 
Blanc (sung by Elis Regina) and the questions I started 
to ask, I heard for the first time about all the artists, 
journalists and activists that had been persecuted, 
imprisoned, tortured and exiled. Many had disappeared 
or been killed by the military regime. This song 
became an anthem for the amnesty of political 
prisoners and activists in exile, which was announced 
later in that same year. 
In fact, due to the extreme censorship during 
the period of military dictatorship in Brazil, songs were 
one of the few ways to send political messages. 
Despite the tight surveillance of the censors, they 
flourished, giving a voice to the resistance movement. 
Like “Para não dizer que não falei das flores”, by 
Geraldo Vandré, which was interpreted as a call for 
armed struggle. 
Words and phrases with double meanings 
were used to escape censorship and persecution. The 
greatest master in this art was Chico Buarque de 
Holanda. 7His clever lyrics were often approved by the 
censors, who would only later realise what the songs 
were really about. But then, of course, it was too late. 
That was the case with “Apesar de você”, which was 
censored only after it had already become an anthem 
on the streets. 5At first sight, it appears to be a samba 
about a lover’s quarrel. Actually, it was a sharp critique 
of the authoritarian regime and an act of direct 
defiance aimed at the dictators. 
With the advent of democracy and the new 
freedom of expression in the late 1980s, protest songs 
played less of a role in Brazil for a while, but in the 
1990s they once again became a powerful channel to 
voice social discontent. One of bands active in this 
period was O Rappa, with the song “A paz que eu não 
quero”. The fight against social inequality, urban and 
police violence and racial discrimination are the most 
common themes. 8Nowadays, the lyrics are explicit and 
the messages are clear. 
 
Mariângela Guimarães 
rnw.nl 
 
 
27. The context often helps if one needs to guess the 
meaning of an unknown word.For example, the word 
lyrics appears in three sentences from the text: 
 
although the lyrics didn’t make much sense to 
me: (ref. 6) 
His clever lyrics were often approved by the 
censors, (ref. 7) 
Nowadays, the lyrics are explicit (ref. 8) 
 
Based on these examples, lyrics is translated as: 
 
a) letras 
b) poesias 
c) músicas 
d) melodias 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Leia o texto a seguir e responda à(s) questão(ões). 
 
Facebook Song Iyrics 
 
I wouldn’t call myself a social butterfly 
And there’s not much that separates me from the 
other guy 
But when I log in begin to live 
 
There’s an online world where I am king 
Of a little website dedicated to me 
With pictures of me and a list of my friends 
And an unofficial record of the groups that I’m in 
 
Before the internet, friendship was so tough 
You actually had to be in people’s presence and stuff 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
Who would have thought that with a point and a click 
I could know that Hope Floats is your favorite flick 
 
Facebook 
I’m hooked on Facebook 
I used to meet girls hanging out at the mall 
Now I just wait for them to write on my wall 
 
Oh! Link’s status changed, it says he’s playing the 
recorder... 
 
How do you know this person? 
Did you hook up with this person? 
Do you need to request confirmation? 
Or did you just think they Iooked cute... 
From their picture on Facebook? 
 
If the internet crashed all across the land 
Or my Facebook account was deleted by the man 
I’d carry around a picture of my face 
And a summary of me typed out on a page 
 
Adaptado de http://www.lyricsmode.com/Iyrics/r/ 
rhett_and_Iink/facebook_song.html 
 
 
28. In the sentence “Before the internet, friendship 
was so tough”, the word tough can be replaced by 
a) easy. 
b) difficult. 
c) respectable. 
d) nice. 
e) flexible. 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Leia o texto a seguir e responda à(s) questão(ões). 
 
President Obama Launches Gun-Violence Task 
Force 
 
Five days after deadliest elementary school 
shooting in U.S. history, President Obama said his 
administration plans immediate action early next year 
on proposals to curb an “epidemic of gun violence”. At 
a morning news conference, Obama announced the 
formation of a task force to be headed by Vice 
President Joe Biden that will formulate a package of 
policy recommendations by January. “The fact that this 
problem is complex can no longer be an excuse for 
doing nothing”, Obama said. “The fact that we can’t 
prevent every act of violence doesn’t mean that we 
can’t steadily reduce the violence and prevent the very 
worst violence.” The president said he intends to push 
for implementation of the proposals without delay”. 
“This is a team that has a very specific task to pull 
together real reforms right now”, he said. 
While Obama did not offer specifics, he 
suggested the task force would examine an array of 
steps to curb gun violence and prevent mass 
shootings, including legislative measures, mental 
health resources and a “look more closely at a culture 
that all-too-often glorifies guns and violence”. “I will 
use all the powers of this office to help advance efforts 
aimed at preventing more tragedies like this”, Obama 
said. 
Obama made similar pronouncements 
following at least four other mass shootings that 
marked his first term. But few policy changes were 
made. “This is not the first incident of horrific gun 
violence of your four years. Where have you been?”, 
asked ABC News’ Jake Tapper. ‘I’ve been president of 
the United States, dealing with the worst economic 
crisis since the Great Depression, an auto industry on 
the verge of collapse, two wars. I don’t think I’ve been 
on vacation”, Obama responded. 
 
Adaptado de 
http://abcnews.go.com/PoIitics/OTUS/presldent-
obama-Iaunches-gun-violence-task-
force/story?id=18015694#UOA3AOTAdyw 
 
 
29. In the sentences “... proposals to curb an 
“epidemic of gun violence”...” and “an array of steps to 
curb gun violence...”, the word curb means 
a) control. 
b) cultivate. 
c) increase. 
d) encourage. 
e) originate. 
 
TEXTO PARA AS PRÓXIMAS 2 QUESTƠES: 
TEXT 
 
BRASÍLIA — Brazil’s highest court has long 
viewed itself as a bastion of manners and formality. 
Justices call one another “Your Excellency,” dress in 
billowing robes and wrap each utterance in 
grandiloquence, as if little had changed from the era 
when marquises and dukes held sway from their vast 
plantations. 
In one televised feud, Mr. Barbosa questioned 
another justice about whether he would even be on 
the court had he not been appointed by his cousin, 
aformer president impeached in 1992. With another 
justice, Mr. Barbosa rebuked him over what the chief 
justice considered his condescending tone, telling 
him he was not his “capanga,” a term describing a 
hired thug. 
In one of his most scathing comments, Mr. 
Barbosa, the high court’s first and only black justice, 
took on the entire legal system of Brazil — where it is 
still remarkably rare for politicians to ever spend time 
in prison, even after being convicted of crimes — 
contending that the mentality of judges was 
“conservative, pro-status-quo and pro-impunity.” 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
“I have a temperament that doesn’t adapt well 
to politics,” Mr. Barbosa, 58, said in a recent interview 
in his quarters here in the Supreme Federal Tribunal, a 
modernist landmark designed by the architect Oscar 
Niemeyer. “It’s because I speak my mind so much.” 
His acknowledged lack of tact notwithstanding, 
he is the driving force behind a series of socially liberal 
and establishment-shaking rulings, turning Brazil’s 
highest court — and him in particular — into a 
newfound political power and the subject of popular 
fascination. 
The court’s recent rulings include a unanimous 
decision upholding the University of Brasília’s 
admissions policies aimed at increasing the number of 
black and indigenous students, opening the way for 
one of the Western Hemisphere’s most sweeping 
affirmative action laws for higher education. 
In another move, Mr. Barbosa used his sway 
as chief justice and president of the panel overseeing 
Brazil’s judiciary to effectively legalize same-sex 
marriage across the country. And in an anticorruption 
crusade, he is overseeing the precedent-setting trial of 
senior political figures in the governing Workers Party 
for their roles in a vast vote-buying scheme. 
Ascending to Brazil’s high court, much less 
pushing the institution to assert its independence, long 
seemed out of reach for Mr. Barbosa, the eldest of 
eight children raised in Paracatu, an impoverished city 
in Minas Gerais State, where his father worked as a 
bricklayer. 
But his prominence — not just on the court, 
but in the streets as well — is so well established that 
masks with his face were sold for Carnival, amateur 
musicians have composed songs about his handling of 
the corruption trial and posted them on YouTube, and 
demonstrators during the huge street protests that 
shook the nation this year told pollsters that Mr. 
Barbosa was one of their top choices for president in 
next year’s elections. 
While the protests have subsided since their 
height in June, the political tumult they set off persists. 
The race for president, once considered a shoo-in for 
the incumbent, Dilma Rousseff, is now up in the air, 
with Mr. Barbosa — who is now so much in the public 
eye that gossip columnists are following his romance 
with a woman in her 20s — repeatedly saying he will 
not run. “I’m not a candidate for anything,” he says. 
But the same public glare that has turned him 
into a celebrity has singed him as well. While he has 
won widespread admiration for his guidance of the 
high court, Mr. Barbosa, like almost every other 
prominent politicalfigure in Brazil, has recently come 
under scrutiny. And for someone accustomed to 
criticizing the so-called supersalaries awarded to some 
members of Brazil’s legal system, the revelations have 
put Mr. Barbosa on the defensive. 
One report in the Brazilian news media 
described how he received about $180,000 in 
payments for untaken leaves of absence during his 19 
years as a public prosecutor. (Such payments are 
common in some areas of Brazil’s large public 
bureaucracy.) Another noted that he bought an 
apartment in Miami through a limited liability company, 
suggesting an effort to pay less taxes on the property. 
In statements, Mr. Barbosa contends that he has done 
nothing wrong. 
In a country where a majority of people now 
define themselves as black or of mixed race — but 
where blacks remain remarkably rare in the highest 
echelons of political institutions and corporations — 
Mr. Barbosa’s trajectory and abrupt manner have 
elicited both widespread admiration and a fair amount 
of resistance. 
As a teenager, Mr. Barbosa moved to the 
capital, Brasília, finding work as a janitor in a 
courtroom. Against the odds, he got into the University 
of Brasília, the only black student in its law program at 
the time. Wanting to see the world, he later won 
admission into Brazil’s diplomatic service, which 
promptly sent him to Helsinki, the Finnish capital on 
the shore of the Baltic Sea. 
Sensing that he would not advance much in 
the diplomatic service, which he has called “one of the 
most discriminatory institutions of Brazil,” Mr. Barbosa 
opted for a career as a prosecutor. He alternated 
between legal investigations in Brazil and studies 
abroad, gaining fluency in English, French and 
German, and earning a doctorate in law at Pantheon-
Assas University in Paris. 
Fascinated by the legal systems of other 
countries, Mr. Barbosa wrote a book on affirmative 
action in the United States. He still voices his 
admiration for figures like Thurgood Marshall, the first 
black Supreme Court justice in the United States, and 
William J. Brennan Jr., who for years embodied the 
court’s liberal vision, clearly drawing inspiration from 
them as he pushed Brazil’s high court toward socially 
liberal rulings. 
Still, no decision has thrust Mr. Barbosa into 
Brazil’s public imagination as much as his handling of 
the trial of political operatives, legislators and bankers 
found guilty in a labyrinthine corruption scandal called 
the mensalão, or big monthly allowance, after the 
regular payments made to lawmakers in exchange for 
their votes. 
Last November, at Mr. Barbosa’s urging, the 
high court sentenced some of the most powerful 
figures in the governing Workers Party to years in 
prison for their crimes in the scheme, including bribery 
and unlawful conspiracy, jolting a political system in 
which impunity for politicians has been the norm. 
Now the mensalão trial is entering what could 
be its final phases, and Mr. Barbosa has at times been 
visibly exasperated that defendants who have already 
been found guilty and sentenced have managed to 
avoid hard jail time. He has clashed with other justices 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
over their consideration of a rare legal procedure in 
which appeals over close votes at the high court are 
examined. 
Losing his patience with one prominent justice, 
Ricardo Lewandowski, who tried to absolve some 
defendants of certain crimes, Mr. Barbosa publicly 
accused him this month of “chicanery” by using 
legalese to prop up certain positions. An outcry ensued 
among some who could not stomach Mr. Barbosa’s 
talking to a fellow justice like that. “Who does Justice 
Joaquim Barbosa think he is?” asked Ricardo Noblat, a 
columnist for the newspaper O Globo, questioning 
whether Mr. Barbosa was qualified to preside over the 
court. “What powers does he think he has just because 
he’s sitting in the chair of the chief justice of the 
Supreme Federal Tribunal?” 
Mr. Barbosa did not apologize. In the 
interview, he said some tension was necessary for the 
court to function properly. “It was always like this,” he 
said, contending that arguments are now just easier 
to see because the court’s proceedings are televised. 
Linking the court’s work to the recent wave of 
protests, he explained that he strongly disagreed with 
the violence of some demonstrators, but he also said 
he believed that the street movements were “a sign of 
democracy’s exuberance.” 
“People don’t want to passively stand by and 
observe these arrangements of the elite, which were 
always the Brazilian tradition,” he said. 
 
 
30. The expression “Not just on the court, but in the 
streets as well” can be correctly rewritten as 
a) not just on the court, but so in the streets. 
b) not only on the court, but also in the streets. 
c) not just on the court, too in the streets. 
d) not only on the court, but too in the streets. 
 
31. In the phrases “his condescending tone,” 
“contending that arguments,” and “the court’s 
proceedings,” the –ING words function, respectively, 
as: 
a) verb, verb, verb. 
b) adjective, verb, noun. 
c) verb, noun, adjective. 
d) adjective, noun, noun. 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Answer the question(s), according to text. 
 
 
Archaeologists use drones to study Peru's ruins 
 
To get a bird's-eye view of ancient sites, 
archaeologists often turn to planes, helicopters and 
even hot air balloons. But today researchers have 
access to more agile and less expensive technology to 
map, explore and protect archaeological treasures: tiny 
airborne drones. 
In Peru – the home of Machu Picchu and other 
amazing ruins – the government is planning to 
purchase several drones to 5quickly and cheaply 
conduct archaeological surveys in areas targeted for 
building or development, according to Reuters. 
Archaeologists working in the country have 
already been using small flying robots to study 
4ancient sites, including the colonial Andean town 
Machu Llacta, and the San José de Moro burial 
grounds, which contain the tombs of Moche 
priestesses. Some researchers have even built their 
own drones for less than $ 2,000, Reuters reported. 
"It's like having a scalpel instead of a club," 
Jeffrey Quilter, an archaeologist at Harvard University, 
told the news agency. "You can control it to a very fine 
degree. You can go up 3 meters and photograph a 
room, 300 meters and photograph a 3site, or you can 
go up 3,000 meters and photograph the entire valley." 
6Cheap and effective drones could be a boon 
for Peru's culture ministry, which has a modest budget 
and is tasked with protecting more than 13,000 
archaeological sites that are threatened by looters, 
squatters and illegal mining, according to Reuters. 
Elsewhere robots have 1enabled archaeological 
discovery. A remote-controlled robot the size of a 
2lawn mower recently found burial chambers inside the 
Temple of the Feathered Serpent, an ancient pyramid 
in Mexico. And in Russia, researchers used a miniature 
airborne drone to capture images that could be used to 
create a 3-D model of an ancient burial mound. 
 
www.foxnews.com/tech/2013. 
Accessed on: 26/08/2013. 
 
 
32. Mark the correct alternative which represents 
the right information about words. 
 
I. “enabled” (ref. 1) = allow, verb 
II. “lawn mower” (ref. 2) = a machine for cutting 
grass, noun 
III. “site” (ref. 3) = a spot, noun 
IV. “ancient” (ref. 4) = up to date, verb 
V. “quickly” (ref. 5) = haltingly, adjective 
a) Only alternatives I, II and III are correct. 
b) Only alternatives II, III and IV are correct. 
c) Only alternative V is correct. 
d) Only alternatives IV and V are correct. 
e) Only alternatives I and II are correct. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
TEXTO: 
 
 
 
 
33. Theword “enhancing” should be understood a 
a) improving. 
b) decreasing. 
c) damaging. 
d) exhausting. 
e) demonstrating. 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Will we ever… understand why music makes us feel 
good? 
19 April 2013 
Philip Ball 
 
 
 
No one knows why music has such a potent 
effect on our emotions. But thanks to some recent 
studies we have a few intriguing clues. Why do we like 
music? Like most good questions, this one works on 
many levels. We have answers on some levels, but not 
all. 
We like music because it makes us feel good. 
Why does it make us feel good? In 2001, 
neuroscientists Anne Blood and Robert Zatorre at 
McGill University in Montreal provided an answer. 
Using magnetic resonance imaging they showed that 
people listening to pleasurable music had activated 
brain regions called the limbic and paralimbic areas, 
which are connected to euphoric reward responses, 
like those we experience from sex, good food and 
addictive drugs. Those rewards come from a gush of a 
neurotransmitter called dopamine. As DJ Lee Haslam 
told us, music is the drug. 
But why? It’s easy enough to understand why 
sex and food are rewarded with a dopamine rush: this 
makes us want more, and so contributes to our 
survival and propagation. (Some drugs subvert that 
survival instinct by stimulating dopamine release on 
false pretences.) But why would a sequence of sounds 
with no obvious survival value do the same thing? 
The truth is no one knows. However, we now 
have many clues to why music provokes intense 
emotions. The current favourite theory among 
scientists who study the cognition of music – how we 
process it mentally – dates back to 1956, when the 
philosopher and composer Leonard Meyer suggested 
that emotion in music is all about what we expect, and 
whether or not we get it. Meyer drew on earlier 
psychological theories of emotion, which proposed that 
it arises when we’re unable to satisfy some desire. 
That, as you might imagine, creates frustration or 
anger – but if we then find what we’re looking for, be 
it love or a cigarette, the payoff is all the sweeter. 
This, Meyer argued, is what music does too. It 
sets up sonic patterns and regularities that tempt us to 
make unconscious predictions about what’s coming 
next. If we’re right, the brain gives itself a little reward 
– as we’d now see it, a surge of dopamine. The 
constant dance between expectation and outcome thus 
enlivens the brain with a pleasurable play of emotions. 
 
(www.bbc.com. Adaptado.) 
 
 
34. No trecho do último parágrafo – as we’d now see 
it –, ’d pode ser reescrito, mantendo-se a correção e o 
sentido, como 
a) did. 
b) had. 
c) would. 
d) need to. 
e) used to. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Eat Chocolate! 
 
If you're a fan of the sweet stuff, you probably 
jumped for joy at the good news this week. Research 
published Monday suggested that regular chocolate 
eaters may more frequently have lower BMIs (Body 
Mass Index). 
But before you start eating your favorite 
chocolate, remember this: while chocolate can do the 
body good, the study certainly doesn't go as far as 
proving a causal link between eating more chocolate 
and losing weight. Keep in mind that all chocolate was 
not created equal: dark chocolate is healthier overall, 
but even the bittersweet varieties can be high in 
calories, fat and sugar. 
However, treating yourself to a small amount 
of chocolate regularly is definitely a health message we 
can follow. Take a look at those surprising health 
benefits below. 
Regular chocolate eaters welcome multiple 
benefits for their hearts, including lower blood 
pressure, lower "bad" LDL cholesterol and a lower risk 
of heart disease. One of the reasons dark chocolate is 
especially heart-healthy is its inflammation-fighting 
properties, which reduce cardiovascular risk. 
Chocolate also protects your skin. Forget what 
you've heard _____ chocolate causing skin problems: 
dark chocolate is _____ good for your skin. The type 
of antioxidants called flavonoids found in dark 
chocolate _____ some protection from UV _____ from 
the sun. But no, that does not _____ you can neglect 
the sunscreen! 
 
Adapted from: 
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/03/26/chocolate-
eatinglower-bmi-body-mass-index_n_1379368.html - 
October 8, 2013. 
 
 
35. According to the text, which expression 
(underlined in the text) has a correct definition? 
a) Take a look – Give the impression 
b) As far as – Distant 
c) Keep in mind – Continue 
d) Jumped for joy – Became happy 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Sense and Sensibility (1995) 
(Based on Jane Austen‘s book) 
James Fleet – John Dashwood 
Tom Wilkinson – Mr Dashwood 
Emma Thompson – Elinor Dashwood 
 
 
 
Sometimes the Dashwood girls do not seem like 
sisters. 2Elinor is all calmness and reason, and can be 
relied upon for practical, common sense 
opinions.1Marianne, on the other hand, is all sensibility, 
full of passionate and romantic feeling. True love can 
only be felt by the young, of course. And if your heart 
is broken at the age of seventeen, how can you ever 
expect to recover? 
 
(Retrieved and adapted from http://www.oup-
bookworms.com/downloads/pdf/movie_links/BOOKWO
RMS-Movies-5.pdf. Access on September 23rd, 2013) 
 
 
36. In the statement “Marianne, on the other hand, 
is […]” (ref. 1), the expression in bold indicates: 
a) possibility. 
b) equality. 
c) opposition. 
d) conclusion. 
e) addition. 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
PEOPLE PREFER FACEBOOK TEXTS INSTEAD OF 
TRADITIONAL COMMUNICATION MODES: 
RESEARCH 
 
 LONDON: People prefer to use Facebook messages 
for staying in touch with their loved ones back home 
rather than using traditional modes of communication 
like postcards, a new research has found. 
 According to the study, the rise of the smartphones 
means holidaymakers can tweet or text about their fun 
in the sun rather than putting pen to paper, with many 
dismissing postcards as 'too slow'. 
 The research showed that just one in six 
holidaymakers now send postcards to friends and 
family when they go abroad. 
 Nearly half of the 2,000 people surveyed said they 
had never sent a postcard rather preferring to text, call 
or use Facebook to keep in touch with home, the 'Daily 
Mail' reported. 
 The figure increases to more than half of young 
people aged under 24, many of whom take their social 
life abroad with them by posting envy-inducing photos 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
of their adventures online for their friends back home. 
(…) 
 According to the study, sending text messages is 
the biggest cause of the decline of the postcard, with 
more than half of people (60 per cent) surveyed using 
texts as a way to keep friends and family updated. 
 Phoning home is the second most popular way to 
stay in touch, 1while a third of holidaymakers (34 per 
cent) use Facebook and 29 per cent choose to e-mail 
loved ones about their travels. (…) 
 
Disponível em: Source: The Economic Times. August 
13, 2012. In: 
http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-08-
13/news/33182772_1_postcards-text-messaes-
facebookmessages. Accessed on September 13, 2013. 
 
 
37. ” (…) while a third of holidaymakers (34 per cent) 
use Facebook (...)” (ref. 1). Assinale a alternativa que 
apresenta o sinônimo para a palavra holidaymakers, 
com base no contexto: 
a) students. 
b) researchers. 
c) drivers. 
d) people. 
e) tourists. 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
 
 
This quintessential ready to move in home boasts an 
upgraded kitchen with granite counter-tops and 
updated appliances, new floors with baseboards 
throughout, and a playground protected by a white 
aluminum fence. Nestled in a wonderfully peaceful 
neighborhood and situatedon a gorgeous preserve, 
perfect for bird watching in the winter time, this gem 
is sure to be a quick sale. Also located in the 
exclusive Estates of Pembroke Shores, a security guard 
gated community. 
 
YEAR BUILT: 1997 
SQUARE FEET: 3428 
LISTING TYPE: resale 
MLSID: A1815560 
PROPERTY TYPE: Single Family 
AGENT NAME: Filippo Vespa 
 
Disponível em: <http://hollywood-
florida.olx.com/blank-iid-534369630>. Acesso em: 23 
jun. 2013. 
 
 
38. O conceito de coesão textual diz respeito a todos 
os processos de sequencialização que asseguram (ou 
tornam recuperável) uma ligação linguística 
significativa entre os elementos que ocorrem na 
superfície textual, facilitando a compreensão e a 
produção de sentido. O substantivo que substitui a 
palavra gem na frase: “[…] this gem is sure to be a 
quick sale” é 
a) gorgeous preserve. 
b) neighborhood. 
c) playground. 
d) kitchen. 
e) home. 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Marcia says that all of her friends have a cell phone, 
but Marcia’s mom doesn’t want to buy her one. 
Marcia’s mom doesn’t want Marcia to play video games 
either. What is more, the Internet scares her. Marcia’s 
mom says, “If Marcia has a cell phone, how do we 
know whom she is talking to? Video games are bad for 
you. The Internet is dangerous and uncontrolled. It’s 
like having a gun in the house. We should just ban her 
from using the computer, and I’m not buying her a cell 
phone until she is eighteen. This is the only way we 
can be sure that Marcia is safe.” 
 
Marcia’s dad disagrees with Marcia’s mom. Although he 
agrees that there are some dangers to it, he likes the 
Internet, and finds it to be very useful. Marcia’s dad 
says, “The trouble is, we just can’t stop Marcia from 
using the Internet, as this would put her at a 
disadvantage. What is more, I like video games. I think 
that, when played in moderation, they are fun. 
Obviously, it is not good to play them without restraint 
or self-control. Finally, I think Marcia needs a cell 
phone. We can’t take these things away.” 
 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
Disponível em: <englisgforevereveryone.org.> Acesso 
em: 03 ago. (adapted). 
 
 
39. When Marcia’s mom says “[…] how do we know 
whom she is talking to?” She can be described as 
a) shameless. 
b) careful. 
c) selfish. 
d) cruel. 
e) rude. 
 
40. The meaning in context of “well-off” in text is 
a) in miserable circumstances. 
b) in an underdeveloped state. 
c) in poor circumstances. 
d) in favourable circumstances. 
e) in a backward state. 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Reflections on being a critic 
 
Recently, I was seriously criticized in the comments 
section of my blog for being careless in some of my 
criticisms of a mid 70s Mingus release, Changes One (I 
actually like the record, by the way). 1This made me 
wonder why I bother being critical of anything. 
 
If you go on Amazon.com and look at how the critics 
are rated, the top 100 critics are the ones who give 
positive reviews 99% of the time. It’s human nature 
that if you praise something to the skies, and someone 
likes that something too, they will find your review 
“helpful”. On the other hand, even if you give a mild 
criticism of something that’s thought to be a classic, 
you run the risk of being given a beat down, not to 
mention losing the popularity contest which, let’s face 
it, is what success on the Internet is all about. 
 
Actually, I like nothing better than to rave about music 
and I prefer to write 3raves because: 1) they’re easier 
to write, 2) they result in links to my site, 3) readers 
like them and comment on them and, last but not 
least, 4) my 5major purpose in writing reviews is 4to 
steer my readers to music that I love. 
 
So why write negative or mildly critical reviews at all? 
Well, I’d be the first to admit that 7guys like Charles 
Mingus, Miles Davis, John McLaughlin and John 
Coltrane are master jazz musicians. In fact, they are 
my heroes. But that doesn’t mean that every note they 
played was equally great. In my opinion, each one of 
these giants has put out 6lousy albums. 8So what? 
Everyone has an off day now and then, or even an off 
album... So, I’m just hoping to guide readers to the 
best records of these giants first, and if they love these 
guys so much that they want to be completists like 
me, that’s their call. 
 
2Which brings up another subject. How do I judge how 
many stars to give a recording? Am I comparing each 
musician to the greats? If I am reviewing one of the 
greats, like Mingus, am I only comparing him to his 
greatest accomplishments? How about my personal 
taste? It’s certainly possible for a recording to be 
technically excellent, but I just don’t like it for some 
reason. 
 
Well, 9first of all, I have to be honest enough to admit 
that I am the one listening to the recording, bringing 
my personal history and prejudices to my criticism. If I 
personally don’t enjoy something, I’m not going to rate 
it five stars, no matter how good it is. Of course, it’s 
my responsibility to point out the discrepancy between 
the technical excellence of the recording and my 
personal taste 10in that case. 
 
And second of all, any and all of the criteria discussed 
in this article might come into play when rating a date. 
You might say that results in me comparing apples to 
oranges, and you’d be right. For example, how could I 
possibly justify that a seriously flawed John McLaughlin 
album like Floating Point and a consistently good 
Mingus album like Changes One both rate three stars? 
 
I don’t know what to tell you except to read both 
reviews. I hope that by reading the reviews, looking at 
the star ratings, and listening to the samples, and 
factoring in your own taste, you can come to some 
reasonable conclusion for yourself. That conclusion 
might be that I’m off my rocker and that you can 
depend on me to pan recordings that you love, in 
which case you might want to pay special attention to 
things I pan. Or it may be that you agree with me a lot 
of the time. Or it may be that you find my criticism 
completely inconsistent and worthless, in which case 
you probably won’t be visiting this site very often. 
Whichever conclusion you come to is fine with me. 
 
Michael Kydonieus 
jazzbonotes.com 
 
Vocabulário 
to rave – criticar entusiasticamente 
to pan – criticar severamente 
 
 
41. The language used in blogs can often be 
characterized as informal. Two examples of informal 
use of language, present in the text, can be identified 
in: 
a) raves (ref. 3) / to steer (ref. 4) 
b) major (ref. 5) / lousy (ref. 6) 
c) guys (ref. 7) / So what? (ref. 8) 
d) first of all (ref. 9) / in that case (ref. 10) 
 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
TEXTO PARA AS PRÓXIMAS 2 QUESTÕES: 
“Hello”, said a quiet, musical voice. 
I looked up, stunned that he was speaking to me. He 
was sitting as far away from me as the desk allowed, 
but his chair was angled toward me. His hair was 
dripping wet – he looked like someone in a commercial 
for hair gel. His dazzling face was friendly, open, a 
slight smile on his flawless lips. But his eyes were 
careful. 
“My name is Edward Cullen,” he continued. “I didn’t 
have a chance to introduce myself last week. You must 
be Bella Swan.” 
My mind was spinning with confusion. He was perfectly 
polite now. I had to speak; he was waiting. But I 
couldn’t think of anything conventional to say. 
“H-how do you know my name?” I stammered. 
He laughed a soft laugh. 
“Oh, I think everyone knows your name. The whole 
town was waiting for you to arrive.” 
 
MEYER, S. Twilight. New York: Megan Tingley Books, 
2006. Page 43. 
 
 
42. “My mind was spinning with confusion. He was 
perfectly polite now. I had to speak; he was waiting. 
But I couldn’t think of anything conventional to say. 
‘H-how doyou know my name?’ I stammered.” 
 
The excerpt above describes a feeling of 
a) sadness. 
b) deception. 
c) pain. 
d) nervousness. 
e) anger. 
 
43. According to Bella’s descriptions in the text, 
Edward was 
a) intelligent. 
b) boring. 
c) charming. 
d) inconvenient. 
e) dangerous. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Texto 1 
 
 
 
Texto 2 
 
 
 
 
44. According to the comic strips above, Beetle Bayle 
(called Recruta Zero in Brazil) can be described as a 
………………………………… and ……………………………… 
soldier. 
a) lazy / wise 
b) lazy / careless 
c) hardworking / humble 
d) clever / reliable 
e) hardworking / funny 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
5 Ways To Turn Fear Into Fuel 
 
Editor’s note: This is a guest post from Jonathan 
Fields, author of Uncertainty: Turning Fear and Doubt 
Into Fuel for Brilliance. 
 
Uncertainty. It’s a terrifying word. 
Living with it, dangling over your head like the sword 
of Damocles, 5day in day out, is enough to send 
anyone spiraling into a state of anxiety, fear and 
paralysis. 
11Like it or not, though, uncertainty is the new normal. 
We live in a time where the world is in a state of 
constant, long-term flux. And, that’s not all. If you 
want to spend your time on the planet not just 
6getting-by, but consistently creating art, experiences, 
businesses and lives that truly matter, you’ll need to 
proactively 7seek out, invite and even deliberately 
amplify uncertainty. Because the other side of 
uncertainty is opportunity. 
Nothing great was ever created by waiting around for 
someone to tell you it’s all going to be okay or for 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
perfect information to drop from the sky. Doesn’t 
happen that way. Great work requires you to act in the 
face of uncertainty, to live in the question long enough 
for your true potential to emerge. There is no 
alternative. 
1When you find the strength to act in the face of 
uncertainty, you till the soil of genius. 
2Problem is, that kills most people. It leads to unease, 
anxiety, fear and doubt on a level that snuffs out most 
genuinely meaningful and potentially revolutionary 
endeavors before they even see the light of day. Not 
because they wouldn’t have succeeded, but because 
you never equipped yourself to 8handle and even 
harness the emotional energy of the journey. 
But, what if it didn’t have to be that way? 
What if there was a way to turn the fear, anxiety and 
self-doubt that rides along with acting in the face of 
uncertainty—4the head-to-toe butterflies—into fuel for 
brilliance? 
10Turns out, there is. 3Your ability to lean into the 
unknown isn’t so much about luck or genetics, rather 
it’s something entirely trainable. I’ve spent the past 
few years interviewing world-class creators across a 
wide range of fields and 9pouring over research that 
spans neuroscience, decision-theory, psychology, 
creativity and business. 
Through this work, a collection of patterns, practices 
and strategies have emerged that not only turbocharge 
insight, creativity, innovation and problem-solving, but 
also help ameliorate so much of the suffering so often 
associated with the pursuit of any creative quest. 
 
Fonte: http://zenhabits.net/fearfuel. Acesso em 
07/12/2011. Texto adaptado. 
 
 
45. Na ref. 11, “Like it or not” 
a) refere-se à espada de Damocles. 
b) significa sendo ou não sendo como descrito no 
texto. 
c) refere-se à normalidade da incerteza nos dias 
atuais. 
d) significa goste disso ou não goste. 
e) refere-se aos sentimentos desencadeados pela 
incerteza. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Ecotourist: What type are you? 
 
 
 
Ecotourism accounts for 6% of the worldwide Gross 
Domestic Product with a staggering growth rate of 5% 
per year. The industry is being driven by a rising 
consumer demand, but 2there are different types of 
ecotourists. 
6According to the United Nations, there are three 
types: hard ecotourist, soft ecotourist and the 
adventure ecotourist. 3They have a common interest 
but enjoy slightly different flavors of green travel. 
The hard ecotourist is motivated primarily by a 
scientific interest in nature and is interested in bird 
watching, nature photography, and botanical trips. 
Sometimes they will take on activities that require 
strenuous effort and non-hotel accommodations. 
The second type is the soft ecotourist. They are the 
fastest growing segment. This type is interested in 
observing wildlife and participating in local culture. 
Hiking is a favorite activity and they are less intense 
than the hard ecotourist. 
5The third type is the adventure ecotourist. 4This type 
engages in moderate to high-risk activities such as 
surfing, scuba diving, snorkeling, wind surfing, 
whitewater rafting, and sport fishing. These types are 
the adrenaline all or nothing types 8looking for a 
challenge. 
Ecotourism promotes cultural awareness, tolerance 
and commitment to protecting the environment. But 
ecotourism does not mean sacrificing luxury. Luxury 
with an eco-experience is a fast growing market. There 
is an increasing demand from consumers for green 
luxury. 7It is a myth that in order to do things in an 
ecologically friendly way there is sacrifice. 1Being green 
does not mean a reduction in our quality of life, it 
actually means an improvement in our quality of life. 
 
Fonte: Disponível em: 
<http://www.crocodilebay.com/blog/2012/08/17/ecoto
urist-what-type-are-you/>. Acesso em 17 ago. 2012. 
 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
 
46. O segmento “looking for a challenge” (ref. 8) 
caracteriza os ecoturistas aventureiros e pode ser 
traduzido da seguinte forma: 
a) no enfrentamento de um desafio. 
b) em busca de um desafio. 
c) olhando para um desafio. 
d) na espera de um desafio. 
e) parecendo um desafio. 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
The São Paulo Gay Pride Parade 
 
The São Paulo Gay Pride Parade, like other 
pride parades around the world, is an event 
celebrating lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender 
(LGBT) culture. 4The first Gay Parade in São Paulo took 
place in Paulista Avenue in 1997. In the year 2006, it 
was named the biggest pride parade of the world by 
the Guinness Book of World Records. In 2010, the city 
government of São Paulo invested R$ 1 million in the 
parade. 
1Although the Pride Parade is strongly 
supported by the state and the city of São Paulo 
government, the federal government supports the 
parade too. 2The event has a solid security plan, and 
many politicians show up there to open it. 5During the 
Gay Parade, São Paulo usually receives about 400.000 
tourists. Between R$ 180 million and R$ 190 million 
circulate during the event. 
The Gay Parade is organized by Associação da 
Parada do Orgulho LGBT de São Paulo (APOGLBT). 6It 
attracts a lot of attention from newspapers and 
television, from Brazilian authorities and from 3the 
hundreds of thousands of curious people that line the 
parade's route to watch it. In 2009, 3.2 million people 
went to the 13th São Paulo Gay Pride Parade. 
 
Adapted from 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gay_pride_parade#Brazil. 
Access on August 22nd, 2012. 
 
 
47. Choose the alternative which contains a 
CORRECT substitute for the word or words in dark 
type in each of the following sentences: 
a) … the hundreds of thousands of curious people that 
line the parade's route... (ref. 3) 
line: escape 
b) The first Gay Parade in São Paulo took place in 
Paulista Avenue in 1997. (ref. 4) 
took place: substituted 
c) During the Gay Parade, São Paulo usually receives 
about 400.000 tourists. (ref. 5) 
about: more than 
d) It attracts a lot of attention from newspapers and 
television... (ref. 6) 
attracts: receives 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTĂO: 
Leia a tira para responder à(s)questão(ões) a seguir. 
 
 
 
 
48. A expressão sick and tired no primeiro quadrinho 
tem sentido equivalente, em português, a 
a) cansada devido à doença. 
b) saturada. 
c) com enjoo estomacal. 
d) doente. 
e) embriagada e sonolenta. 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Read the two excerpts about the currywurst, a culinary 
pride of Berlin, and answer question(s). 
 
 
 
The Capital's Culinary Pride: The Currywurst 
 
Though few will know who Herta Heuwer actually was, 
every German knows of her culinary achievement. The 
Currywurst is Germany's most popular dish and was 
first sold in Berlin in 1949, as the first boiled sausage 
with a special sauce, containing tomato paste and 
ketchup, curry and other secret ingredients, as Mrs. 
Heuwer recalls. 
BERLINSPECTOR, mar. 2013, p. 7 (Berlin). (Adaptado). 
 
 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
Currywurst is the culinary pride of Berlin and beloved 
by its citizens. It is a pork sausage, normally served in 
slices, covered in a spiced ketchup. The sauces vary 
from place to place. In some the ketchup is blended 
with spices, in others the spices are sprinkled over the 
ketchup. 
The invention of currywurst is attributed to Herta 
Heuwer in Berlin in 1949 after she obtained ketchup, 
Worcestershire sauce and curry powder from British 
soldiers. She mixed these ingredients with other spices 
and poured it over grilled pork sausage. 
Heuwer started selling the cheap but filling snack at a 
street stand in the Charlottenburg district of Berlin 
where it became popular with construction workers 
rebuilding the devastated city. 
 
Disponível em: <http://andberlin.com/tag/konnopkes-
imbiss/>. Acesso em: 8 jan. 2013. (Adaptado). 
 
Glossário: 
blended: misturado 
sprinkled: salpicados 
 
 
49. Which description connected with the currywurst 
relates to the sense of taste? 
a) Popular. 
b) Beloved. 
c) Spiced. 
d) Cheap. 
e) Filling. 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
The Art of Memory 
 
In the age before books and tablets, orators 
stored texts in lees reliable devices: their minds. To 
boost his memory capacity, Roman philosopher Cicero 
used tricks called mnemonics to bind his words to vivid 
mental images, “as if 1inscribing letters into wax.” 
Such ancient techniques may no longer be 
needed, but this month they’ll take center stage when 
some 50 “mental athletes” go head-to-head in the 15th 
USA Memory Championship in New York City. Their 
minds aren’t photographic, even memory experts need 
a 2coding system to remember strings of words, 
numbers, names, or 3playing cards. The key is 
4training – 12 hundreds of hours of it. And speed. 
5Linking items to celebrities is common practice 
because they’re easy to visualize. However, “an 
emotional tie makes the image louder” says last year’s 
champ. Nelson DeIlis. When creating his mnemonic 
cede for cards, he passed on a popular heartthrob for 
the king of hearts. “Brad Pitt had to think about. But 
my dad – I can picture him in an instant”. 
 
Oliver Uberti, National Geographic, March 2012 
 
 
50. Which of the following groups of words from, text 
is related only to time? 
a) boost, hours, years, instant, ancient. 
b) month, hours, year’s, instant, ancient. 
c) mnemonics, years, month, instant, ancient. 
d) hours, month, year’s, ancient. stage. 
e) speed, month, hours, year’s, instant. 
 
51. 
 
 
_____________I______________ so much more to 
Japanese cuisine than the sushi that’s so popular 
today. The simple and delicate flavors of sauce, miso, 
sake and mirin (sweet rice wine) abound in styles of 
cooking that range from yakitori (in which ingredients 
are grilled) to tempura (in which ingredients are 
dipped in batter and lightly fried to a delicate crisp). 
Since flavor and aesthetics are of great importance in 
Japanese cooking, well-prepared Japanese dishes are 
both ______________II______________and 
______________III______________, a real treat for 
stomach and the eye. 
 
(Adaptado de Beyond the sushi: the pleasures of 
Japanese food. In: All Set!. DONNINI, Lívia & 
PLATERO, Luciana. Boston (MA): Heinly Cengage 
Learning, 2009.) 
 
Considerando a gramática e o contexto, a sequência 
cujas palavras completam corretamente as lacunas I, 
II e III está na alternativa 
a) there is — tasty — beautiful 
b) there are — taste — raw 
c) there are — tasty — beauty 
d) there is — health — pleasure 
e) there isn’t — raw — kindly 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
 
52. “The kitchen table is more than a place for 
____________, it’s a place where families meet. But 
was the ____________ it is made from harvested 
sustainably? Used to be hard to tell. Now 
____________ can look for the Forest Stewardship 
Council ____________ to make sure wooden furniture 
is forestfriendly. We should ____________ that the 
world’s forests are ____________ responsibly so that 
people and wildlife can continue to exist in the future.” 
 
Choose the sequence that completes the text. 
a) meals / wood / shoppers / label / ensure / managed 
b) fun / seed / buyers / license / prevente / cut 
c) talk / peel / sellers / tag / avoid / made 
d) argument / tree / representatives / plate / defend / 
sprayed 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
How computers will soon get under our skin 
 
By Steve Connor, Science Editor 
12 August 2011 
 
It may soon be possible to wear your 
computer or mobile phone under your sleeve, with the 
invention of an ultra-thin and flexible electronic circuit 
that can be stuck to the skin like a temporary tattoo. 
The device, which is almost invisible, can perform just 
as well as more conventional electronic machines but 
without the need for wires or bulky power supplies, 
scientists said. The development could mark a new era 
in consumer electronics. The technology could be used 
for applications ranging from medical diagnosis to 
covert military operations. 
The “epidermal electronic system” relies on a 
highly flexible electrical circuit composed of snake-like 
conducting channels that can bend and stretch without 
affecting performance. The circuit is about the size of a 
postage stamp, is thinner than a human hair and sticks 
to the skin by natural electrostatic forces rather than 
glue. “We think this could be an important conceptual 
advance in wearable electronics, to achieve something 
that is almost unnoticeable to the wearer. The 
technology can connect you to the physical world and 
the cyberworld in a very natural way that feels 
comfortable,” said Professor Todd Coleman of the 
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, who led the 
research team. 
A simple stick-on circuit can monitor a person’s 
heart rate and muscle movements as well as 
conventional medical monitors, but with the benefit of 
being weightless and almost completely undetectable. 
Scientists said it may also be possible to build a circuit 
for detecting throat movements around the larynx in 
order to transmit the information wirelessly as a way 
of recording a person’s speech, even if they are not 
making any discernible sounds. 
Tests have already shown that such a system 
can be used to control a voice-activated computer 
game, and one suggestion is that a stick-on voicebox 
circuit could be used in covert police operations where 
it might be too dangerous to speak into a radio 
transmitter. “The blurring of electronics and biology is 
really the key point here,” said Yonggang Huang, 
professor of engineering at Northwestern University in 
Evanston, Illinois. “All established forms of electronics 
are hard, rigid. Biology is soft, elastic. It’s two different 
worlds. This is a way to truly integrate them.” 
Engineers have built test circuits mounted on a 
thin, rubbery substrate that adheres to the skin. The 
circuits have included sensors, light-emittingdiodes, 
transistors, radio frequency capacitors, wireless 
antennas, conductive coils and solar cells. “We threw 
everything in our bag of tricks on to that platform, and 
then added a few other new ideas on top of those, to 
show that we could make it work,” said John Rogers, 
professor of engineering at the University of Illinois at 
Urbana-Champaign, a lead author of the study, 
published in the journal Science. 
 
(www.independent.co.uk. Adaptado.) 
 
 
53. No trecho do terceiro parágrafo – A simple stick-
on circuit can monitor a person’s heart rate and muscle 
movements as well as conventional medical monitors, 
but with the benefit of being weightless and almost 
completely undetectable. – a expressão as well as 
equivale, em português, a 
a) de modo adequado. 
b) tão bem como. 
c) bem como. 
d) também. 
e) de modo melhor que. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
 
 
 
Radiohead 
 FAKE PLASTIC TREES 
A green plastic watering can 
For a fake Chinese rubber plant 
In the fake plastic earth 
 
That she bought from a rubber man 
In a town full of rubber plans 
To get rid of itself 
 
It wears her out, it wears her out 
It wears her out, it wears her out 
 
She lives with a broken man 
A cracked polystyrene man 
Who just crumbles and burns 
 
He used to do surgery 
For girls in the eighties 
But gravity always wins 
 
And it wears him out, it wears him out 
It wears him out, it wears him out 
 
She looks like the real thing 
She tastes like the real thing 
My fake plastic love 
 
But I can't help the feeling 
I could blow through the ceiling 
If I just turn and run 
 
And it wears me out, it wears me out 
It wears me out, it wears me out 
 
And if I could be who you wanted 
If I could be who you wanted 
All the time, all the time 
Disponível em: http://www.vagalume.com.br/radiohead/fake-plastic-trees-
traducao.html#ixzz1M52t55xa 
 
 
 
54. No título, a palavra fake é utilizada antes de plastic para 
a) denunciar o desmatamento das florestas chinesas. 
b) reforçar a ideia de artificialidade no mundo atual. 
c) constatar a fragilidade das relações humanas. 
d) incentivar a reciclagem de material plástico. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
PSYCHOLOGY OF MONEY 
 
Want Happiness? Don’t Buy More Stuff — Go on 
Vacation. When it comes to spending money on things 
or experiences, the research is clear: doing brings 
more happiness than owning. 
 
By Gary Belsky & Tom Gilovich | July 21, 2011 
 
Given that it’s vacation season for many folks, we 
thought it a good time to devote this Mind Over 
Money post to a brief discussion of what personal 
finance is ultimately all about. Some people, of course, 
really enjoy counting their money, deriving great 
satisfaction simply from watching their bottom line 
grow, often quite removed from any thought of what 
they might do with their riches. But for most of us, 
money is just a token for what we can do with it — 
pay the mortgage or rent, send kids to college, buy a 
TV or travel to Italy. And for nearly all of us, money is 
finite; there isn’t enough to do all we want, so we 
must be selective. That raises a crucial question: if we 
want to maximize the happiness or satisfaction we get 
from our money, how should we spend it? 
 
There’s been a lot of recent research on this subject, 
much of it conducted at Tom’s home institution, 
Cornell University. And the answer is clear. If you’re 
conflicted about whether to spend money on a 
material good (say, a computer) or personal 
experience (say, a vacation), the research says you’ll 
get much more satisfaction — and for longer — if you 
choose the experience. Most of us, it turns out, get 
more bang from the experiential buck. Indeed, when 
people are asked to recall their most significant 
material and experiential purchases over the previous 
five years, they report that the experience brought 
more joy, was a source of more enduring satisfaction 
and was more clearly “money well spent¨. 
 
This might seem counter-intuitive. After all, when 
faced with a trade-off between doing and buying, 
many people opt for the material good because “it will 
still be there” long after the experience would have 
been enjoyed. In one sense that’s correct: The 
material good lasts while the experience is fleeting. But 
psychologically it’s the reverse. We quickly adapt to 
the material good, but the experience endures in the 
memories we cherish, the stories we tell and the very 
sense of who we are. 
(http://moneyland.time.com Acesso em 25/08/2011. 
Adaptado.) 
 
 
55. Indique a tradução correta para o substantivo 
research no segundo parágrafo do texto. 
a) conflito 
b) reflexão 
c) pesquisa 
d) polêmica 
e) experiência 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
THE MILLENIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS 
 
 
 
The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are 
the most broadly supported comprehensive and 
specific development goals the world has ever agreed 
upon. These eight time-bound goals provide concrete, 
numerical benchmarks for tackling extreme poverty in 
its many dimensions. They include goals and targets 
on income poverty, hunger, maternal and child 
mortality, disease, inadequate shelter, gender 
inequality, environmental degradation and the Global 
Partnership for Development
. 
Adopted by world leaders in the year 2000 and set to 
be achieved by 2015, the MDGs are both global and 
local, tailored by each country to suit specific 
development needs. They provide a framework for the 
entire international community to work together 
towards a common end — making sure that human 
development reaches everyone, everywhere. If these 
goals are achieved, world poverty will be cut by half, 
tens of millions of lives will be saved, and billions more 
people will have the opportunity to benefit from the 
global economy. 
Here is the complete list of the MDGs: 
1. Eradicate extreme poverty. 
2. Achieve universal primary education. 
3. Promote gender equality and empower women. 
4. Reduce child mortality. 
5. Improve maternal health. 
6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases. 
7. Ensure environmental sustainability. 
8. Develop a global partnership for development. 
 
(Adaptado de MDG Strategies. Disponível em 
www.beta.undp.org. Acessado em 28/08/2011) 
 
 
 
 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
 
56. Indique a alternativa que expresse o mesmo 
significado de “World poverty will be cut by half”. 
a) Metade do mundo já está em situação de pobreza. 
b) Mais da metade do mundo vive em extrema 
pobreza. 
c) A pobreza do mundo será concentrada em sua 
metade. 
d) No mundo, em breve, não haverá mais pobreza. 
e) A pobreza mundial será reduzida pela metade. 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
 
 
Shopaholics are people who buy things compulsively 
without really needing them. They cannot go into a 
shop just to look around. They have to buy 
___________I _________. 
Shopaholics often buy clothes without trying them on 
and often make themselves unhappy by buying more 
than they can use or pay for. The shopaholic who runs 
out of money will sometimes resort to shoplifting 
(stealing small items from shops). Compulsive 
shopping is a type of 
_____________II______________ similar to the ones 
to alcohol or cigarettes. 
 
(COSTA, Marcelo Baccarin. Globetrekker. São Paulo: 
Macmillan, 2008.) 
 
 
57. As lacunas I e II no texto podem ser 
completadas, de forma correta e na mesma sequência, 
pela opção 
a) anything — acquisition 
b) something — place 
c) someone — person 
d) something — addiction 
e) nothing — job 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
How good social companion would a robot 
make?The dream of the future where robots could be 
programmed to perform tasks such as laying the table, 
taking the rubbish out, or even more responsible roles 
such as minding children or pets is being explored by 
University of Hertfordshire academics. 
The University has taken the robot out of the 
laboratory and into the house as part of a study of 
humanrobot interaction. 
The study aims to research how humans can 
comfortably interact with robots. 
Mick Walters, a researcher in the University’s 
School of Computer Science, described the School’s 
work on Cognition, a European integrated project 
which aims to develop cognitive robot companions. 
He said: “Computer scientists and 
psychologists are working together on this project to 
understand how groups of individuals would like robots 
to look and behave, whether they need to be 
humanoid or just computer on wheels, and the level of 
closeness and eye contact they would like if they had a 
robot living with them.”. 
Professor Kerstin Dautenhahn, professor in 
Artificial Intelligence at the School who is leading the 
University’s contribution to the project 
commented: “We aim to develop personalized robot 
companions. We are studying how a robot companion 
can be personalized and modified according to people’s 
different preferences, likes and dislikes. 
 
Adaptado de (MARIZA, F.; RUBIN, S.G. Inglês – de 
olho no mundo do trabalho. Editora Scipione. São 
Paulo, 2008.) 
 
 
58. Considerando o texto, qual o melhor significado 
para as palavras taking, being, working, living and 
leading respectivamente? 
a) Jogando; sendo; trabalhando; morando; liberando. 
b) Tomando; estando; trabalhando; vivendo; levando. 
c) Jogando; estando; ocupando; morando; indo. 
d) Tomando; sendo; trabalhando; vivendo; levando. 
e) Levando; sendo, ocupando; morando; indo. 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Facebook is the world’s largest social network, with 
800 million users worldwide as of September 2011. 
 
More than any other company, it has defined what 
1…….. see as the “social” era of the Internet, in which 
connections made among 9people 4replace 7algorithm-
driven searches. And 8its 5policies, more than any 
others, seem to be driving the definition of 14privacy in 
this new age. 
 
Every day, Facebook users comment or press the “like” 
button more than 2 billion times and upload more than 
250 million photos. The McKinsey Global Institute has 
estimated that the network’s users post 30 billion 
pieces of content 2…….. month. 
 
The company, founded in 2004 by a Harvard 
15sophomore, Mark Zuckerberg, began life 16catering 
first to Harvard students and then to all high school 
and college students. It has since evolved into a 
broadly popular online destination used by teenagers 
and adults of all ages. 19In country after country, 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
Facebook has cemented itself as the leader, often 
displacing other social networks. 
 
It is 3…….. surprise that 11Facebook has become one of 
the titans of the Internet, challenging even Google 
with 10its vision of a Web tied together by personal 
relationships and recommendations, rather than by 
search algorithms. In a major expansion, Facebook has 
spread itself across other Web sites by offering 
members the chance to “Like” something - share it 
with their network – without leaving the Web page 
they are on. 
 
At the Facebook 20developer 6conference in 
September, 21the company announced the release of a 
13product called Timeline, 12which offers a 22highly 
visual view of a user’s Facebook profile and organizes 
content into photos, events and apps, all based on a 
17timeline view that stretches back to the beginning of 
a user’s time on Facebook. Timeline is designed to 
work on 18mobile devices, too. 
 
Adaptado de: WYLD, Adrian. Facebook. Disponível em: 
<http://topics.nytimes.com>. Acesso em 01 dez. 
2011. 
 
 
59. Considere o enunciado abaixo e as três propostas 
para completá-lo. 
 
A melhor tradução para a expressão In country after 
country (ref. 19) é 
 
1. em um país e depois em outro. 
2. de país em país. 
3. neste país e em outro. 
 
Quais propostas estão corretas, de acordo com o 
texto? 
a) Apenas 1. 
b) Apenas 2. 
c) Apenas 3. 
d) Apenas 1 e 2. 
e) 1, 2 e 3. 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Read the text. 
 
Potatoes Can Reduce Blood Pressure 
 
Just a couple of servings of potato a day can reduce 
blood pressure in obese or overweight people with 
high blood pressure, calling into question the lowly 
spud's current reputation as a fattening, unhealthy 
food, according to new research presented at a 
conference in Denver, Colorado, USA, on Wednesday. 
 
“The potato, more than perhaps any other vegetable, 
has an undeserved, bad reputation that has led many 
health-conscious people to ban them from their diet, 
“said Dr Joe Vinson, a professor in the Department of 
Chemistry at the University of Scranton in 
Pennsylvania, who led the research that was presented 
at the 242nd National Meeting & Exposition of the 
American Chemical Society (ACS). 
 
But before you go out and order French fries, the 
preferred way of eating this most consumed of all 
vegetables in the US, consider this: the research was 
done with purple potatoes cooked in the microwave 
oven, with no oil or fat whatsoever. 
 
Disponível em: 
<http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/233690.p
hp>. Acesso em: 1º set. 2011. 
 
 
60. The potato's current reputation is bad, though it 
might change after Dr Joe Vinson's research. Which 
item below also has a bad reputation? 
a) Water 
b) Yogurt 
c) Milk 
d) Soft drink 
e) Orange juice 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
THE GRAVE OF SHELLEY 
by: Oscar Wilde 
 
1 Like burnt-out torches by a sick man's bed 
 Gaunt cypress-trees stand round the sun-
bleached stone; 
 Here doth the little night-owl make her throne, 
 And the slight lizard show his jewelled head. 
5 And, where the chaliced poppies flame to red, 
 In the still chamber of yon pyramid 
 Surely some Old-World Sphinx lurks darkly hid, 
 Grim warder of this pleasaunce of the dead. 
 
 Ah! Sweet indeed to rest within the womb 
10 Of Earth, great mother of eternal sleep, 
 But sweeter far for thee a restless tomb 
 In the blue cavern of an echoing deep, 
 Or where the tall ships founder in the gloom 
 Against the rocks of some wave-shattered 
steep. 
 
(www.poetry-archive.com) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
 
61. The pronoun “her” (line 3) and “his” (line 4) refer 
consecutively to the: 
a) Earth and the sick man. 
b) owl and the lizard. 
c) trees and the sun. 
d) pyramid and the sphinx. 
e) throne and the show. 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Leia o texto a seguir. 
 
Amy Winehouse greets Whitney Houston in heaven 
 
(by Hideaki Tailor) 
 
HEAVEN – Psychics are saying that Amy Winehouse 
was the first soul singer to greet Whitney Houston, 
even before Michael Jackson. 
 
Top psychics in Los Angeles are saying that Whitney 
Houston’s spirit is already “lighting up” heaven. “It’s 
like the universal source has called the greatest voice 
of all time back to heaven. It’s pure magic up there.” 
 
“Amy was right there. She gave Whitney a big angel 
hug and walked with her as she met some of her 
ancestors, relatives and… Michael Jackson.” 
 
 
 
Both singers had trouble on earth with alcohol and 
drugs, but they are at peace now. “Fame was too 
much for their gentle souls,” said Madam Marie of 
Sherman Oaks. “Their voices were a gift to our world, 
but caused great damage to their spirits on earth. 
Now, they are in a better place.” 
 
One psychic said that Amy Winehouse and Whitney 
Houston are planning a “concert” together in Whitney’s 
first few months. “Amy’s been doing very well in 
heaven and feels free and happy.” 
 
While Americans and fans around theworld mourn the 
terrible loss of Whitney, the angels are rejoicing. “Our 
songbird is home,” is what St. Peter reportedly said 
when greeting Whitney, according to a psychic on 
Venice Beach. 
 
(http://weeklyworldnews.com. Adaptado.) 
 
 
62. Qual das seguintes expressões equivale, no texto, 
à ideia de Deus? 
a) Top psychics. 
b) big angel hug. 
c) gentle souls. 
d) universal source. 
e) St. Peter. 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Leia a letra da música, interpretada por Amy 
Winehouse. 
 
Tears dry on their own 
 
All I can ever be to you, 
Is a darkness that we knew 
And this regret I got accustomed to 
Once it was so right 
When we were at our high, 
Waiting for you in the hotel at night 
I knew I hadn’t met my match 
But every moment we could snatch 
I don’t know why I got so attached 
It’s my responsibility, 
And you don’t owe nothing to me 
But to walk away I have no capacity 
 
He walks away 
The sun goes down, 
He takes the day but I’m grown 
And in your way 
In this blue shade 
My tears dry on their own. 
 
I don’t understand 
Why do I stress a man, 
When there’s so many bigger things at hand 
We could have never had it all 
We had to hit a wall 
So this is inevitable withdrawal 
Even if I stopped wanting you, 
A perspective pushes through 
I’ll be some next man’s other woman soon 
[…] 
I wish I could say no regrets 
And no emotional debts 
’Cause as we kissed goodbye the sun sets 
So we are history 
The shadow covers me 
The sky above a blaze 
That only lovers see 
 
(http://letras.terra.com.br. 
Adaptado.) 
 
 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
 
63. Segundo a letra da música, qual das seguintes 
frases indica que um relacionamento amoroso acabou? 
a) It’s my responsibility. 
b) The sun goes down. 
c) And in your way. 
d) I’m grown. 
e) Tears dry on their own. 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Life and the Movies 
 
Joey Potter looked at her friend Dawson Leery 
and she smiled sadly. 
“Life isn’t like a movie, Dawson,” she said. “We 
can’t write happy endings to all our relationships.” 
Joey was a pretty girl with long brown hair. 
Both Joey and Dawson were nearly sixteen years old. 
The two teenagers had problems. All teenagers have 
the same problems – life, love, school work, and 
parents. It isn’t easy to become an adult. 
Dawson loved movies. He had always loved 
movies. He took film classes in school. He made short 
movies himself. Dawson wanted to be a film director. 
His favorite director was Steven Spielberg. 
Dawson spent a lot of his free time filming 
with his video camera. He loved watching videos of 
great movies from the past. Most evenings, he 
watched movies with Joey. 
“These days, Dawson always wants us to 
behave like people in movies,” Joey thought. And life 
in the little seaside town of Capeside wasn’t like the 
movies. 
Joey looked at the handsome, blond boy who 
was sitting next to her. She thought about the years of 
their long friendship. They were best friends... 
 
ANDERS, C. J. Retold by CORNISH, F. H. Dawson’s 
Creek. Shifting into overdrive. Oxford, Macmillan, 
2005. 
 
 
64. According to the sentence “Joey looked at the 
handsome, blond boy who was sitting next to her”, it is 
correct to say that Dawson was 
a) strange. 
b) calm. 
c) ugly. 
d) good-looking. 
e) intelligent. 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Roads in Brazil 
 
Many intercity roads in Brazil are toll roads. 
Drivers queue and pay at booths before proceeding 
along these routes. 
Statistically, Brazil has some of the worst 
accident rates in the world. The São Paulo to Santos 
road along with many stretches of the coastal BR101 
highway are especially dangerous routes. There are 
approximately 40,000 fatalities per year on Brazilian 
roads. 
While some roads are of very high standard, 
particularly state roads and toll roads, others, for 
example some inter-city federal roads, are in poor 
condition with uneven surfaces, potholes and 
inadequate signage. 
Roads ______ cities can be ______ extremely 
bad condition. Steep hills ______ the troughs designed 
______ carry the heavy rains ______ São Paulo as well 
as speed humps often lead to ground clearance issues 
and can cause significant damage to a vehicle’s lower 
bodywork. 
Animals or fallen trees (due to heavy rain or 
lightning strikes), broken-down vehicles and accidents 
on the road can be additional worries. 
Petrol/gas stations are generally not difficult to 
find in cities or on main connecting roads but may be 
much less common in remote and sparsely populated 
areas. Poor quality fuel can be an issue, and it is 
suggested that drivers purchase fuel from a reliable 
source. 
 
From Angloinfo.com (Adapted) 
 
 
65. Which of the following options best replaces the 
word “purchase” in the text? 
a) Buy 
b) Sell 
c) Store 
d) Spend 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Blaming others can ruin your health 
 
By Elizabeth Cohen, Senior Medical Correspondent 
August 18, 2011 -- Updated 1837 GMT (0237 HKT) 
 
 
 
(CNN) -- Kevin Benton had every reason to feel bitter. 
During his sophomore year in college, he says, 1white 
students harassed him and the only other African-
American living on the floor in his dorm in order to get 
them to move out. "I felt like I was being bullied, 
being targeted," he says now of his college experience 
19 years ago. 
 
This was the first time in his life Benton had 
encountered racism and it hit him hard. He had trouble 
sleeping, and then over the next several months he 
suffered panic attacks. Admitted to the hospital, he 
was found to have hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or 
thickening of the muscles in the heart. The disease is 
the leading cause of heart-related sudden death in 
people under 30. 
 
After some time, Benton could forgive the students 
who had tormented them, and three days later, he 
walked out of the hospital. 2"If I hadn't forgiven them, 
I'd be dead," says Benton, now healthy and a social 
worker for the Philadelphia Department of Human 
Services. 
 
Feeling persistently resentful toward other people can 
indeed affect your physical health, according to a new 
book, "Embitterment: Societal, psychological, and 
clinical perspectives." In fact, the negative power of 
feeling bitter is so strong that the authors call for the 
creation of a new diagnosis called PTED, or post-
traumatic embitterment disorder, to describe people 
who can't forgive others' transgressions against them. 
 
Feeling bitter interferes with the body's hormonal and 
immune systems, according to Carsten Wrosch, an 
associate professor of psychology at Concordia 
University in Montreal and an author of a chapter in 
the new book. 3Studies have shown that bitter, angry 
people have higher blood pressure and heart rate and 
are more likely to die of heart disease and other 
illnesses. 
 
Physiologically, when we feel negatively towards 
someone, our bodies instinctively prepare to fight that 
person, which leads to changes such as an increase in 
blood pressure. "We run hot as our inflammatory 
system responds to dangers and threats," says Raison, 
clinical director of the Mind-Body Program at Emory. 
Feeling this way in the short term might not be 
dangerous -- it might even be helpful to fight off an 
enemy -- but the problem with bitterness is that it 
goes on and on. When our bodies are constantly 
primed to fight someone, the increase in blood 
pressure and in chemicals such as C-reactive protein 
eventually take a toll on the heart and other parts of 
the body. 
 
"The data that negative mental states cause heart 
problems is just stupendous," Raison says. "The data is 
just as established as smoking, and the size of the 
effect is the same." 
 
CNN’s Sabriya Rice contributed to this report.Condensed from: CNN International 
Available at: 
<http://edition.cnn.com/2011/HEALTH/08/17/bitter.re
sentful.ep/index.html?hpt=hp_c2>. 
Access: August 18th, 2011. 
 
 
66. In the sentence “[...] white students harassed 
him in order to get him to move out.” (ref. 1), the 
verbal expression to get him to move out means 
a) to invite him to move out. 
b) to advise him to move out. 
c) to make him move out. 
d) to prohibit him from moving out. 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Campus That Apartheid Ruled Faces a Policy Rift 
 
At the height of apartheid, the University of Cape 
Town was once a citadel of white privilege on the 
majestic slopes of Devil’s Peak. Today, 3South Africa’s 
finest university is now resplendently multiracial. 
However, it is also engaged in a searching debate 
about just how far affirmative action should go to heal 
the wounds of an oppressive history, 4echoing similar 
conflicts in the United States, where half a dozen 
states have banned the use of racial preferences in 
admissions to public universities. 
1“Are we here because we’re black or are we here 
because we’re intelligent?”, asked Sam Mgobozi, 19, a 
middle-class black student who attended a first-rate 
high school in Durban and finds affirmative action 
offensive, even as he concedes that poor black 
applicants may still need it. 
The University of Cape Town was supposed to have 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
settled this debate last year when its professors 
supported a policy that gave admissions preferences 
based on apartheid racial categories to black, mixed-
race and Indian students. 
2Instead, unease with the current approach has spilled 
out over the past year in fierce exchanges on 
newspaper editorial pages and formal debating 
platforms. 6Sixteen years after the political ascent of 
the black majority, the university’s dilemma resonates 
across a society conflicted about how best to achieve 
racial redress, whether in corporate board rooms or 
classrooms. 
5Prof. Neville Alexander, a marxist sociologist, has 
roused the campus debate with the charge that 
affirmative action betrays the ideals of nonracialism 
that so many fought and died for during the long 
struggle against apartheid. Professor Alexander insists 
that the University of Cape Town, which is public, must 
resist pressure from the government to use racial 
benchmarks in determining how well the university is 
performing. 
Affirmative action’s champion on campus is Max Price, 
the vice chancellor. Dr. Price contends that preferences 
based on apartheid’s racial classifications provide a 
means to help those harmed by that system to gain 
critical educational opportunities. He estimated that 
about half of the most privileged black applicants 
would not make the cut without racial preferences. In 
such a situation, he said, whites would dominate the 
top ranks of the class, while many disadvantaged 
blacks would struggle with failure, reinforcing 
stereotypes. 
 
Adapted from: 
<www.nytimes.com/2010/11/23/world/africa/23safrica
. html?pagewanted=1>. 
Access: August 19th, 2011. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
67. Choose the alternative which contains a 
CORRECT substitute for the word in bold in each of 
the following sentences: 
a) “Instead, unease with the current approach has 
spilled out over the past year in fierce exchanges on 
newspaper editorial pages and formal debating 
platforms.” (ref. 2) 
Instead: for example 
b) “... South Africa’s finest university is now 
resplendently multi racial. However, it is also 
engaged in a searching debate about just how far 
affirmative action should go...” (ref. 3) 
However: Because of this 
c) “... echoing similar conflicts in the United States, 
where half a dozen states have banned the use of 
racial preferences in admissions to public 
universities.” (ref. 4) 
Banned: prohibited 
d) “Prof. Neville Alexander, a marxist sociologist, has 
roused the campus debate with the charge that 
affirmative action betrays the ideals of 
nonracialism...” (ref. 5) 
Roused: finished 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Microsoft is buying Skype 
 
One is the giant business, whose software powers 
more than 90% of the world's computers. The other is 
the firm, which has revolutionised the way many 
communicate. Now Skype is being swallowed up by 
Microsoft. 
It's just eight years since Skype started helping people 
to make calls over the internet for nothing, and this is 
the third time it's been bought and sold. 
Microsoft has been struggling to prove it can compete 
with the likes of Google and Apple. Now as it tries to 
make an impact on the mobile-phone world, it wants 
Skype to help it become a bigger force. 
Skype is now used by 170 million people around the 
world (each month), not just on their computers, but 
on the move – on their mobile phones and even on 
their tablet devices. 
Microsoft wants to tap in to this connected community, 
but it's paying a huge price for a business that isn't 
even profitable. 
 
Rory Cellan-Jones, BBC News. 
 
Fonte: 
http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/lan
guage/wordsinthenews/2011/05/110511witn_skype_p
age.shtml 
 
 
 
 
 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
 
68. Onde se lê “Microsoft is buying Skype”, é correto 
afirmar que 
a) a Microsoft está vendendo o Skype. 
b) o Skype está sendo vendido pela Microsoft. 
c) a Microsoft está comprando o Skype. 
d) o Skype está se despedindo da Microsoft. 
e) a Microsoft está perdendo o Skype. 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Moral Harassment 
 
What is moral harassment? 
 
Many researchers are now trying to define and 
understand psychological or moral harassment at 
work. Among these, we have retained a definition from 
a renowned expert in the field, French psychiatrist 
Marie-France Hirigoyen, here freely translated: 
"If a person or a group of individuals treats 
you in a manner that is hostile, whether through 
actions, words or in writing, and if those actions affect 
your dignity, your physical or psychological well-being, 
as well as causing a deterioration in your workplace or 
even jeopardizing your employment, you are the victim 
of psychological harassment." 
 
How to recognize moral harassment? 
 
According to German psychologist Dr. Heinz 
Leymann, the following are some of the effects and 
behaviours of moral harassment (for which he uses the 
term "mobbing"): 
Effects on the victim's possibilities to 
communicate (management gives you no possibility 
to communicate, you are silenced, verbal attack 
against you regarding work assignments, verbal 
threats, verbal activities in order to reject you, etc.) 
Effects on the victim's possibilities to 
maintain social contacts (colleagues do not talk 
with you any longer or you are even forbidden by 
management to talk to them, you are isolated in a 
room far away from others, you are "sent to 
Coventry", etc.) 
Effects on the victim's possibilities to 
maintain his personal reputation (gossiping about 
you, others ridicule you, others make fun about a 
handicap or your ethnic heritage, or your way of 
moving or talking, etc.) 
Effects on the victim's occupational 
situation (you are not given any work assignment at 
all, you are given meaningless work assignments, etc.) 
Effects on the victim's physical health 
(you are given dangerous work assignments, others 
threaten you physically or you are attacked physically, 
you are sexually harassed in an active way, etc.) 
 
What are the consequences of moral 
harassment at work? 
 
On The Victim And Witnesses 
 
Moral harassment can lead to an untimely end 
to a career. The following example shows how such a 
course of events can lead to an abrupt, premature 
departure: 
Emotional instability: anguish, 
discouragement, frustration, feelings of helplessness, aloss of selfesteem, of ambition, of motivation. 
Physical health problems: tiredness, headaches, 
lack of sleep, intestinal and other physical discomforts. 
Mental health problems: depression, professional 
burn-out, suicidal thoughts. Loss of credibility: 
reputation destroyed, victim’s professionalism 
questioned. Job loss: disability leave, resignation or 
dismissal. Incapacity to go back to regular work: 
abandoning the job market. Involuntary witnesses may 
feel uneasy, insecure and powerless. […] 
 
(Source: http://www.prevention-violence.com/en/int-
111.asp) 
 
 
69. Dr. Heinz Leymann utiliza o termo___________ 
para se referir à “moral harassment”. 
a) bullying 
b) jeopardizing 
c) psychological harassment 
d) sexual harassment 
e) mobbing 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Based on the text below, answer question(s). 
 
Navy preps submarines for 1st female officers 
 
HARTFORD, Conn. — For Ensign Peggy 
LeGrand, the biggest concern about servirng on a 
submarine is not spending weeks at a time in tight 
quarters with an entirely male crew. What worries her 
is the scrutiny that comes with breaking one of the last 
gender barriers in the military. 
“I have a feeling more people will be focused 
on us. Our mistakes and successes will be magnified 
more than they deserve”, said LeGrand, a 25-year-old 
Naval Academy graduate from Amarillo, Texas. 
LeGrand is among a small group of female 
officers who are training at sites including Groton, 
Connecticut, to join the elite submarine force 
beginning later this year. While the Navy says it is not 
treating them any differently from their male 
counterparts, officials have been working to prepare 
the submarine crews — and the sailors’ wives — for 
one of the most dramatic changes in the 111-year 
history of the Navy’s “silent service.” 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
The change is a source of anxiety for others, 
including the wives of submariners, who worry the 
dose contact at sea could lead to sailors’ cheating. The 
issue really has to do with the creation of a 
relationship that becomes very dose and then results 
in further relations ashore. That is, of course, what 
bothers the wives. “They know the kind of 
relationships that happens between the shipmates”, 
said retired Navy Rear Adm. W.J. Holland Jr., a former 
submarine commander. 
The initial class of 24 women will be divided 
among four submarines, where they will be 
outnumbered by men by a ratio of roughly 1 to 25. 
The enlisted ranks, which make up about 90 percent of 
a sub’s 160-sailor crew, are not open to women 
although the Navy is exploring modifications to create 
separate bunks for men and women. 
The female officers, many of them engineering 
graduates from Annapolis, are accustomed to being in 
the minority, and so far they say they hardly feel like 
outsiders. The nuclear power school that is part of 
their training, for example, has been open to women 
for years because the Navy in 1994 reversed a ban on 
females serving on its surface ships, including nuclear-
powered vessels. 
 
Adapted from http: //www.militarytimes.com) 
 
 
70. Considering the text, what does the word 
“magnified” mean in this extract? 
 
“I have a feeling more people will be focused on us. 
Our mistakes and successes will be magnified more 
than they de serve.” 
a) penalized 
b) treated 
c) amplified 
d) certified 
e) justified 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Leia a história em quadrinhos de Archie, What goes 
up, para responder as questões a seguir. 
 
 
 
 
71. Qual o significado, na história, dos termos cable 
bill, a good time e report card, respectivamente? 
a) Cabo elétrico, uma boa hora e cartão de repórter. 
b) Conta da televisão a cabo, uma boa hora e cartão 
de repórter. 
c) Cabo elétrico, um bom tempo e cartão de repórter. 
d) Conta da televisão a cabo, uma boa hora e boletim 
escolar. 
e) Cabo elétrico, um bom tempo e boletim escolar. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
 
TEXTO PARA AS PRÓXIMAS 3 QUESTÕES: 
Text I 
Cultural Differences? 
Or, are we really that different? 
 
Differences between people within any given 
nation or culture are much greater than differences 
between groups. Education, social standing, religion, 
personality, belief structure, past experience, affection 
shown in the home, and a myriad of other factors will 
affect human behavior and culture. 
Sure there are differences in approach as to 
what is considered polite and appropriate behavior 
both on and off the job. 4In some cultures “yes” means 
“l hear you” more than “I agree”. Length of 
pleasantries and greetings before getting down to 
business; level of tolerance for being around someone 
speaking a foreign (not-understood) language; 
politeness measured in terms of gallantry or etiquette 
(e.g., standing up for a woman who approaches a 
table, yielding1 a seat on the bus to an older person 
etc.); and of expected dress are all examples of 
possible cultural differences and traditions. 
In Mexico it is customary for the arriving 
person to greet the others. For instance, someone who 
walks into a group of persons eating would say 
provecho (enjoy your meal). In Chile, women often 
greet both other women and men with a kiss on the 
cheek. In Russia, women often walk arm in arm with 
their female friends. 5Paying attention to customs and 
cultural differences can give someone outside that 
culture a better chance of assimilation or acceptance. 
Ignoring these can get an 1unsuspecting person into 
trouble. 
There are cultural and ideological differences 
and it is good to have an understanding about a 
culture’s customs and ways. Aaron Pun, a Canadian 
ODCnet correspondent, wrote: “In studying cross 
cultural differences, we are not looking at individuals 
but a comparison of one ethnic group against others. 
2Hence, we are comparing two bell curves2 and 
generalization cannot be avoided.” Another 
correspondent explained the human need to 
categorize. True and true, but the danger comes when 
we act on some of these generalizations, especially 
when they are based on faulty3 observation. Acting on 
generalizations about such matters as eye contact, 
personal space, touch, and interest in participation can 
have serious negative consequences. 
6Stereotyping can have intense negative 
effects, especially when educators or managers make 
fewer attempts to involve those of other cultures 
because they have been taught not to expect 
participation. Or they do not realize there may be 
something wrong when a student or employee of a 
different ethnicity makes little eye contact with them. 
Faye Lee, a concerned Japanese-American wrote: 
“How anyone can try to make generalizations about an 
entire continent of people, plus all the Asian Americans 
and the infinite permutations of people’s differing 
experiences, is beyond me.” 
As we interact with others of different cultures, 
there is no good substitute for receptiveness to 
interpersonal feedback, good observation skills, 
effective questions, and some horse sense4. 3There is 
much to be gained by observing how people of the 
same culture interact with each other. 7Don’t be afraid 
to ask questions as most people respond very 
positively to inquiries5 about their culture. Ask a 
variety of people so you can get a balanced view. 
Making a genuine effort to find the positive 
historical, literary, and cultural contributions of a 
society; learning a few polite expressions in another 
person’s language; and showing appreciation for the 
food and music of another culture can have especially 
positive effects. Differences between cultures and 
peoples are real and can add richness (and humor) to 
the fabric of life. 
People everywhere have much in common, 
such as a need for affiliation and love, participation,and contribution. 8When the exterior is peeled off6, 
there are not so many differences after all. 
 
(Adapted from an article by Gregorio Billikopf - 
University of California - 2009, in Party-Directed 
Mediation: Helping Others Resolve Differences, 
California: The Regents, 1999) 
 
Glossary 
1 yielding - ceder, dar 
2 bell curves - gráficos em forma de sino 
3 faulty - equivocada 
4 horse sense - senso comum 
5 inquiries - perguntas 
6 peeled off – desnudado 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
 
TEXTO II 
 
 
 
 
72. In “There is much to be gained by observing how 
people of the same culture interact with each other” 
(ref. 3), the expression in bold could be replaced by 
a) both. 
b) neither. 
c) everyone. 
d) one another. 
e) each one. 
 
73. According to what is stated in the 2nd paragraph, 
offering a seat on the bus to an older person is an 
example of 
a) greeting. 
b) gallantry. 
c) affection. 
d) acceptance. 
e) rudeness. 
 
74. The meaning of unsuspecting (ref. 1) is 
a) incriminating. 
b) ingenious. 
c) suspicious. 
d) guilty. 
e) innocent. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
 
75. Assinale uma característica, associada à Fórmula 
1, que não foi considerada como essencial pelo 
anunciante. 
a) velocidade 
b) compromisso 
c) precisão 
d) exigência 
e) trabalho em equipe 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
The Lion King 
This article is about Disney's 1994 film. 
 
1The Lion King is a 1994 American animated feature 
produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation. 2Released 
to theaters on June 15, 1994 by Walt Disney Pictures, 
it is the 32nd film in the Walt Disney Animated 
Classics. 3The story, which was influenced by the Bible 
stories of Joseph and Moses and the William 
Shakespeare play Hamlet, takes place in a kingdom of 
anthropomorphic animals in Africa. 4The film was the 
highest grossing animated film of all time until the 
release of Finding Nemo. 5The Lion King still holds the 
record as the highest grossing traditionally animated 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
film in history and belongs to an era known as the 
Disney Renaissance. 
The Lion King is the highest grossing 2D animated film 
of all time in the United States, 6and received positive 
reviews from critics, who praised the film for 8its music 
and story. During its release in 1994, the film grossed 
more than $783 million worldwide, becoming the most 
successful film released that year, 7and it is currently 
the twenty-eighth highest-grossing feature film. 
 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Lion_King 
 
GLOSSARY: 
 
Feature film – a film that is 90 or more minutes long 
Gross – total 
Release – make public 
Praise – show approval 
 
 
76. “The Lion King still holds the record as the 
highest grossing traditionally animated film in 
history…” (ref.5). It means that the movie 
a) is the best of all. 
b) even being good, it is also animated. 
c) was partially shot in a traditional way. 
d) was not surpassed by others in its category of 
animation. 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Movie News 
 
‘Wolverine’ Online Leak: Howling Mad! 
 
After the Hugh Jackman blockbuster lands on the web, 
Fox scrambles to punish the culprit – and protect its 
own bottom line 
 
By Nicole Sperling 
 
 
 
It’s bold to steal a movie. Any movie. But a surefire 
blockbuster like X-Men Origins: Wolverine, Fox’s make-
or-break $130 million summer-movie tentpole? That 
takes nerves of adamantium. And the fact that 
someone somehow did manage to swipe such an 
incredibly high-profile project is sending shock waves 
of panic throughout the industry. ‘’This is certainly a 
lesson for us all,’’ says Fox co-chairman Tom Rothman. 
‘’We, like everybody else, thought our system was 
secure.’’ Yet, on April 1, there it was: an unfinished 
version of the movie, available online a full month 
before its release date. (Since then, the file has been 
accessed 100,000 times, and the blogosphere buzz has 
been mixed at best.) Fox is working with the FBI to 
find the 1culprit — ‘’Somebody’s going to end up in 
jail for a long time,’’ insists Rothman — but no arrests 
had been made as of press time. Hollywood bigwigs, 
who have taken their case for tougher antipiracy laws 
all the way to Congress, are certainly out for blood. 
‘’You have to find the [thief] and you’ve got to give 
him serious time,’’ says director Tony Scott (The 
Taking of Pelham 1 2 3). In fact, when he first heard 
of the theft, ‘’I said, shoot him!’’’ That harsh brand of 
justice has swept up those even tangentially involved 
in the scandal: Fox News columnist Roger Friedman 
was fired for downloading the movie and posting a 
positive review. 
When the smoke clears, what impact will any of this 
have on the movie’s box office haul? Hard to say. 
When Ang Lee’s Hulk was pirated in 2003, Universal 
Pictures claimed the theft — of a close-to-finished print 
— cost it $100 million. (That could have been 
posturing: The movie was also leveled by brutal 
reviews. Universal had no comment for this story.) At 
least one industry insider thinks the exposure may 
boost ticket sales. 
‘’Everyone was talking about Star Trek before this 
happened,’’ he notes. 
‘’Now everyone’s focused on Wolverine.’’ 
 
With additional reporting by Chris Nashawaty and 
Christine Spines (www.ew.com) 
 
77. According to the text, culprit (ref. 1) probably 
means 
a) a person in charge of reviewing recently made 
movies. 
b) a person that prints official reports related to 
movies and TV series. 
c) a person that deals with movie tickets sold to the 
public online. 
d) a person who has committed a crime or done 
something wrong. 
e) a movie producer who is also involved with online 
advertisement. 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Da Vinci and Edison: Two geniuses in 
perspective 
 
“Learning never exhausts the mind”. (Leonardo Da 
Vinci) 
“Genius is 1 percent inspiration and 99 percent 
perspiration.” (Thomas Alva Edison) 
 
By JANET RAE-DUPREE 
Published: June 1, 2008 
 
 
 
WHEN Thomas Alva Edison was starting in 
business, his first patent was for an automated vote-
tallying machine to let legislators know instantly which 
measures had passed and which had been voted 
down. He sold not a one. It seems that legislators, 
accustomed to schmoozing and politicking right 
through a vote’s tally, didn’t want to speed the 
process. But with the resilience he would show 
throughout his life, Edison refused to view that episode 
as a failure. Instead, he used it to set the stage for 
future decisions: He would pursue only those 
innovations that had a verifiable market from the 
beginning. He went on to earn 1,092 more patents and 
to become 1a symbol of American ingenuity. Ancient 
history, right? Not so fast. True, Edison has long been 
revered for changing the face of modern civilization. 
But beyond the material aspects of his success, he 
demonstrated that creativity and innovation could 
result from a set of identifiable and repeatable 
processes. Like Leonardo Da Vinci before him, Edison 
kept extensive notebooks detailing every idea he ever 
had and every experiment he ever tried. He 
established the world’s first modern research and 
development laboratory, hiring teams of experts in 
things as diverse as modelmaking and chemical 
engineering. 2Not only did he invent the incandescent 
light bulb, Edison also created the electric power 
industry required for the bulb to light up millions of 
homes and businesses. 
 
 
 
Ancient history, right? Not so fast. True, 
Edison has long been revered for changing the face of 
modern civilization. But beyond the material aspects of 
his success,he demonstrated that creativity and 
innovation could result from a set of identifiable and 
repeatable processes. Like Leonardo Da Vinci before 
him, Edison kept extensive notebooks detailing every 
idea he ever had and every experiment he ever tried. 
He established the world’s first modern research and 
development laboratory, hiring teams of experts in 
things as diverse as modelmaking and chemical 
engineering. Not only did he invent the incandescent 
light bulb, Edison also created the electric power 
industry required for the bulb to light up millions of 
homes and businesses. 
Michael J. Gelb, a corporate consultant, is co-
author with Edison’s great-grandniece Sarah Miller 
Caldicott of “Innovate Like Edison,” a 2007 book. Mr. 
Gelb began his research of historical figures by turning 
to Da Vinci, a childhood hero. 3“His was a balanced 
brain in that he used the left and right hemisphere of 
his cerebral cortex equally and to their fullest, 
something l’ve tried to get people from DuPont and 
Microsoft and Merck* to do over the last 30 years,” Mr. 
Gelb says. “Corporate executives today tend to be 
overly linear, logical, analytical. I’m trying to help them 
use their intuition and artistic capabilities. If you want 
to compete in the challenging world of international 
business, you can’t just rely on half a brain.” In his 
1998 book “How to Think Like Leonardo Da Vinci,” Mr. 
Gelb outlines seven principles that he believes define 
Da Vinci’s work: 
 
*Curiosità, or curiosity, marking his insatiable quest for 
knowledge and continuous improvement. 
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*Dimostrazione, or demonstration, through which he 
learned by personal experience rather than taking 
others’ reports for granted. 
*Sensazione, or sensation, using the senses to sharpen 
observation and response. 
*Sfumato, a painting technique employed by Da Vinci 
to create an ethereal quality in his work, showing his 
ability to embrace ambiguity and change. 
*Arte/scienza, or the science of art, which he 
demonstrated in his whole-brain thinking. 
*Corporalità, or “of the body,” representing his belief 
that a healthy mind requires a healthy body. 
*Connessione, or connection, for his habit of weaving 
together multiple disciplines around a single idea. 
 
Mr. Gelb’s books highlight the extraordinary 
talents of two geniuses: Da Vinci and Edison. He uses 
these historical figures to show how they can be used 
as models of leadership and innovation for modern 
civilization. 
 
(Adapted from: http://www.nytimes.com) 
* empresas multinacionais 
 
Glossary 
challenging = desafiador 
hiring = contratando 
resilience = resistência 
revered = venerado 
schmoozing = conversar casualmente 
vote-tallying machine = máquina para contagem de 
votos 
 
 
78. Discourse markers are linguistic expressions 
which often indicate the author’s attitude or intention 
in the text. 
In “Not only did he invent the incandescent light bulb, 
Edison also created the electricity power industry 
required for the bulb...” (ref. 2), not only and also 
are used to 
a) inform that his inventions had been patented. 
b) consider both inventions unimportant. 
c) view Edison’s inventive mind as a strategic tool. 
d) see Edison as an ordinary inventor. 
e) highlight Edison’s inventive mind. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: 
Música Calling occupants of interplanetary craft 
 
Calling occupants of interplanetary craft 
 
In your mind you have capacities you know 
To telepath messages through the vast 
unknown 
Please close your eyes and concentrate 
With every thought you think 
Upon the recitation we’re about to sing 
 
Calling occupants of interplanetary craft 
Calling occupants of interplanetary most 
extraordinary craft 
Calling occupants of interplanetary craft 
Calling occupants of interplanetary craft 
Calling occupants of interplanetary, most 
extraordinary craft 
 
You’ve been observing our earth 
And we’d like to make a contact with you 
We are your friends 
 
Calling occupants of interplanetary craft 
Calling occupants of interplanetary ultra-
emissaries 
 
We’ve been observing your earth 
And one night we’ll make a contact with you 
We are your friends 
 
Calling occupants of interplanetary quite 
extraordinary craft 
And please come in peace, we beseech you 
Only a landing will teach them 
Our earth may never survive 
So do come, we beg you 
Please interstellar policeman 
Oh won’t you give us a sign 
Give us a sign that we’ve reached you 
 
With your mind you have ability to form 
And transmit thought energy far beyond the 
norm 
You close your eyes, you concentrate 
Together that’s the way 
To send the message 
We declare world contact day 
 
Calling occupants 
Calling occupants 
Calling occupants of interplanetary, anti-
adversary craft 
We are your friends 
 
(http://www.lyricsfreak.com) 
 
http://www.nytimes.com/
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
 
79. Em qual alternativa todas as palavras se 
relacionam à ideia de “comunicação”? 
a) Calling, telepath, energy e contact. 
b) Calling, messages, transmit e energy. 
c) Calling, telepath, transmit e contact. 
d) Energy, messages, reached e together. 
e) Telepath, messages, contact e together. 
 
80. Escolha a alternativa que melhor interage com a 
oração dada. 
 
How do you do? 
a) I forgot! 
b) It is easy! 
c) How do you do? 
d) I don't know. 
e) But I don't! 
 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
Gabarito: 
 
Resposta da questão 1: 
 [C] 
 
A alternativa [C] está correta, pois há a presença dos 
antônimos amor (love) e ódio (hate). 
 
Resposta da questão 2: 
 [B] 
 
A alternativa [B] está correta, pois a palavra “huge” 
significa enorme e “mega” também transmite a noção 
de algo muito grande. 
 
Resposta da questão 3: 
 [B] 
 
A alternativa [B] está correta, pois as palavras em 
destaque balão, avião e dirigíveis são exemplos de 
aeronaves. 
 
Resposta da questão 4: 
 [D] 
 
A alternativa [D] está correta, pois a forma negativa da 
terceira pessoa do plural do simple present é don’t. 
 
Resposta da questão 5: 
 [D] 
 
Resposta da questão 6: 
 [B] 
 
A alternativa [B] está correta, pois afirma que 
workplace significa “o local onde as pessoas 
trabalham”. 
 
Resposta da questão 7: 
 [A] 
 
A alternativa [A] está correta, pois é uma paráfrase do 
trecho em destaque. A expressão one-fifth (um quinto) 
e twenty percent (vinte por cento) são sinônimas. 
 
Resposta da questão 8: 
 [A] 
 
As expressões for instance e for example (por 
exemplo) são sinônimas. 
 
Resposta da questão 9: 
 [D] 
 
A alternativa [D] está correta, pois afirma que o verbo 
clear pode ser entendido como autorizado. Tradução 
do trecho: "Você está autorizado a fazer o que quer 
que...". 
 
Resposta da questão 10: 
 [B] 
 
A alternativa [B] está correta, pois as palavras 
snapshots e pictures são sinônimas de photos 
(fotografias). 
 
Resposta da questão 11: 
 [D] 
 
A alternativa [D] está correta, pois: 
 
- stakeholders (interessados, investidores) pode ser 
definido como “alguém que tem interesse no sucesso 
de algo”; 
- trial (tentativa) como “o processo de testar algo para 
ver se ele funciona”; 
- barrier (barreira) como “obstáculo”; 
- storage (armazenamento) como “o espaço onde 
coisas podem ser mantidas”. 
 
Resposta da questão 12: 
 [B] 
 
Os sintagmas nominais geological characteristics e 
volcanic mountain significam respectivamente 
"características geológicas" e "montanha vulcânica". 
Eles são formados pelos substantivos (nouns) 
características e montanha e pelos adjetivos 
(adjectives) geológicas e vulcânica. 
 
Resposta da questão 13: 
 [C] 
 
A alternativa [C] está correta, pois possui a tradução 
mais adequada à sentença destacada. 
 
Resposta da questão 14:[A] 
 
A alternativa [A] é a correta, pois é a única que 
completa corretamente as lacunas. É importante 
destacar que a primeira lacuna deve ser completada 
por um verbo na -ING form, devido a uma exigência 
do verbo to start. Em outras palavras, sempre que 
utilizarmos um verbo após to start, devemos usar a -
ING form. Tradução do trecho: Eric Moussambani de 
Guiné Equatorial tornou-se um dos atletas mais 
amados dos jogos de 2000. Sua prova foi a de 100 
metros estilo livre. Ele pulou na piscina e começou a 
nadar. Depois dos primeiros 50 metros ele ficou 
muito cansado. Ele continuou cada vez mais 
lentamente e quase parou no meio da piscina. As 
autoridades estavam preocupadas pensando que ele 
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estava se afogando. Mas Moussambani continuou e 
finalmente terminou a prova com o tempo de 1 
minuto e 52 segundos, o mais lento da história das 
Olimpíadas. Mesmo assim, Moussambani estava muito 
feliz. 
 
Resposta da questão 15: 
 [B] 
 
A alternativa [B] está correta, pois de fato é formada 
pela preposição in e pelo pronome reflexivo itself. 
A expressão in itself significa em si mesmos. 
 
Resposta da questão 16: 
 [A] 
 
As palavras solely e only são sinônimas e significam 
apenas, somente. 
 
Resposta da questão 17: 
 [E] 
 
A alternativa [E] completa corretamente as lacunas. O 
texto pode ser entendido da seguinte maneira: "John é 
um professor muito comprometido. Atraente e com 
aparência profissional, ele tem boas habilidades 
interpessoais e é facilmente compreendido tanto 
pelos alunos como pelos pais. Ele realiza cada 
responsabilidade bem e no prazo correto". 
 
Resposta da questão 18: 
 [A] 
 
Os adjetivos usados para a descrição dos membros da 
sociedade brasileira que se engajaram no protesto são 
younger (mais jovens), better educated (que possuem 
melhor educação) e wealthier (mais ricos). Assim, a 
alternativa correta é a [A], pois afirma que os adjetivos 
são ligados a critérios de idade, educação e renda. 
 
Resposta da questão 19: 
 [A] 
 
A expressão right away é sinônima de immediately 
(imediatamente). 
 
Resposta da questão 20: 
 [A] 
 
Tradução do trecho: "Guarde suas sacolas, traga-as 
de volta". Respectivamente, temos um verbo e um 
substantivo. 
 
Resposta da questão 21: 
 [C] 
 
Em uma mercearia, o consumidor pode comprar 
alimentos (food). 
 
Resposta da questão 22: 
 [A] 
 
A alternativa [A] está correta, pois completa 
corretamente a lacuna. “De acordo com o primeiro 
parágrafo, os robôs podem ser chamados por vários 
nomes”. 
 
Resposta da questão 23: 
 [A] 
 
A alternativa correta é a [A], pois as frases destacadas 
podem ser traduzidas respectivamente por: Não deixe 
suas malas sozinhas; Tome cuidado com batedores de 
carteiras; Frágil; Quebrado; Cuidado com o degrau. 
 
Resposta da questão 24: 
 [E] 
 
A alternativa [E] está correta, pois as frases da coluna 
da esquerda se combinam com os contextos da direita. 
 
1 - E: Você poderia trazer o cardápio, por favor? - Em 
um restaurante. 
2 - J: A música não está muito boa, não é? - Em um 
concerto. 
3 - G: Eu espero que o filme seja bom. - Na fila de um 
cinema. 
4 - F: Puxa! A areia está muito quente. - Em uma 
praia. 
5 - C: A noiva não está linda? - Em um casamento. 
6 - B: Ligue a televisão. - Em uma sala de estar. 
7 - I: O juiz pegou no sono. - Em um tribunal. 
8 - A: A grama precisa ser cortada. - Em um jardim. 
9 - H: Onde está o sabão? - Em um banheiro. 
10 - D: Quem tem escrito na lousa? - Em uma sala de 
aula. 
 
Resposta da questão 25: 
 [A] 
 
A alternativa [A] está correta, pois: 
1. "225 kilogrammes of flour, water, yeast, fat, and 
other ingredients" - 225 quilogramas de farinha, 
água, fermento, gordura e outros ingredientes. 
2. "for three minutes to make dough" - por três 
minutos para fazer a massa. 
3. "left for 54 minutes in a prover for the yeast to 
work" - [a massa] deixada por 54 minutos em um 
medidor de fluxo para que o fermento atue. 
4. "the loaves are baked in giant gas ovens for 
precisely 21 minutes" - os pães são assados em 
fornos de gás gigantes por precisamente 21 
minutos. 
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LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
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5. "they’re left to cool for 110 minutes" - eles [pães] 
são deixados para resfriar por 110 minutos. 
6. "Our bakery produces 10,000 loaves per hour" - 
nossa padaria produz 10.000 pães por hora. 
"that’s 240,000 per day!" - são 240.000 [pães] por dia. 
 
Resposta da questão 26: 
 [B] 
 
A palavra the elderly pode ser entendida como “os 
idosos”, “os anciãos”. 
 
Resposta da questão 27: 
 [A] 
 
A palavra lyrics significa “letras de músicas”. Assim, a 
melhor alternativa é a [A]. “Poesias” são 
poems/poetry, “músicas” são “songs” e melodias 
“melodies”. 
 
Resposta da questão 28: 
 [B] 
 
O adjetivo tough significa árduo, difícil. 
 
Resposta da questão 29: 
 [A] 
 
O verbo to curb significa controlar. Os trechos 
destacados podem ser entendidos como propostas 
para controlar a epidemia de violência ligada às armas 
e uma sequência de passos para controlar a violência 
ligada às armas. 
 
Resposta da questão 30: 
 [B] 
 
A alternativa correta é a [B], pois a palavra “also” 
(também) faz parte da expressão “not only/just ... but 
also”. As alternativas [C] e [D] estão erradas, pois a 
palavra “too” (também) só pode ser usado no final das 
orações. 
 
Resposta da questão 31: 
 [B] 
 
A palavra “condescending” é usada como adjetivo (tom 
condescentente); “contending” é usado como verbo 
(defendendo que os argumentos) e “proceedings” é 
usado como substantivo (os procedimentos do 
supremo). Assim, a alternativa correta é a [B]. 
 
Resposta da questão 32: 
 [A] 
 
A alternativa [A] está correta, pois o verbo “enabled” 
significa “capacitado, habilitado, permitido”, podendo 
ser substituído pelo verbo “allow”. Além disso, a 
expressão “lawn mower” significa “cortador de grama” 
e é coerente com a definição dada: “uma máquina 
para cortar grama, substantivo”. Por fim, “site” é 
usado como substantivo (noun), significando “local” 
(spot). 
A afirmação [IV] está errada, pois “ancient” é um 
adjetivo que significa “ancestral”, “antigo”. 
A afirmação [V] está errada, pois “quickly” é um 
advérbio que significa “rapidamente”. 
 
Resposta da questão 33: 
 [A] 
 
A palavra enhancing significa “que melhoram, que 
aprimoram”. Assim, a alternativa correta é a [A], pois é 
sinônima de enhancing. 
 
Resposta da questão 34: 
 [C] 
 
A contração 'd pode ser feita a partir dos verbos would 
e had. Uma vez que foi utilizado o bare infinite do 
verbo to see, tal contração refere-se a would. Caso o 
particípio passado seen tivesse sido utilizado, a 
contração faria referência a had. 
 
Resposta da questão 35: 
 [D] 
 
A alternativa [D] está correta, pois a expressão 
“jumped for joy” significa “pulou de alegria”, 
relacionando-se a “became happy” (ficou feliz). O texto 
coloca: “If you're a fan of the sweet stuff, you 
probably jumped for joy at the good news this week” 
(se você é um fã dos doces, você provavelmente 
pulou de alegria com as boas notícias desta 
semana). 
 
Resposta da questão 36: 
 [C] 
 
A expressão “on the other hand” significa “por outro 
lado”, indicando oposição, contraste. 
 
Resposta da questão 37: 
 [E] 
 
A palavra holidaymakers designa as pessoas que 
viajam nas férias/feriados. Assim, a palavra que mais 
se assemelha a holidaymakers é tourists (turistas). 
 
Resposta da questão 38: 
 [E] 
 
A frase destacada pode ser entendida da seguinte 
maneira: “essa joia certamente vai ser vendida 
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rapidamente”. A “joia” em questão é a casa à venda. 
Assim, a alternativa correta é a [E] (home - casa). 
 
Resposta da questão 39: 
 [B] 
 
A pergunta da mãe de Marcia pode ser entendida 
como: “Como sabemos com quem ela está 
conversando?”. A alternativa [B] está correta, pois o 
comportamentoda mãe pode ser entendido como 
cuidadoso (careful). 
 
Resposta da questão 40: 
 [D] 
 
A expressão well-off significa rico, assim, a alternativa 
[D] está correta, pois afirma “em circunstâncias 
favoráveis”. 
 
Resposta da questão 41: 
 [C] 
 
As palavras “guy” (cara, homem) e “so what?” (e ai?) 
são, ambas, consideradas palavras de uso informal. 
 
Resposta da questão 42: 
 [D] 
 
O trecho mostra que Bella ficou confusa com a 
abordagem de Edward, não sabendo responder. Seu 
nervosimo (nervousness) pode ser percebido por sua 
gagueira (H-how). 
 
Resposta da questão 43: 
 [C] 
 
Bella considera Edward um rapaz charmoso, afirmando 
que seus lábios eram perfeitos (flawless). Além disso, 
seu rosto era estonteante (dazzling). 
 
Resposta da questão 44: 
 [B] 
 
A primeira tirinha mostra que o Recruta Zero não se 
importa com o cuidado de sua arma. Além disso, a 
segunda tirinha mostra o recruta como um soldado 
que apenas finge trabalhar. Assim, os melhores 
adjetivos que o descrevem são lazy (preguiçoso) e 
careless (descuidado). 
 
Resposta da questão 45: 
 [D] 
 
O trecho “like it or not” refere-se à possibilidade do 
leitor gostar ou não do fato de ter que viver com as 
incertezas. A alternativa [B] está apenas 
parcialmente correta, pois, apesar de falar sobre as 
incertezas, não fala sobre a questão de o leitor gostar 
delas ou não. 
 
Resposta da questão 46: 
 [B] 
 
O phrasal verb to look for significa procurar, buscar. 
 
Resposta da questão 47: 
 [D] 
 
A alternativa [A] está errada, porque to line significa 
seguir e to escape, escapar. A alternativa [B] está 
errada, porque took place significa aconteceu e 
substituted, substituiu. A alternativa [C] está errada, 
porque about significa aproximadamente e more than, 
mais do que. A alternativa [D] está correta, porque 
attracts significa atrai e receives, recebe, sendo assim 
verbos correlatos. 
 
Resposta da questão 48: 
 [B] 
 
Apesar de sick significar doente e tired cansada, a 
expressão sick and tired pode ser entendida como 
saturada, ou também de modo mais informal como de 
saco cheio. 
 
Resposta da questão 49: 
 [C] 
 
A alternativa [C] é a correta, pois o adjetivo spiced 
(apimentado) é ligado ao sentido do paladar. 
 
Resposta da questão 50: 
 [B] 
 
A alternativa [B] é a correta, pois é a única que possui 
apenas palavras ligadas ao tempo. Elas são 
respectivamente mês, horas, do ano, instante e antigo. 
 
Resposta da questão 51: 
 [A] 
 
A primeira lacuna deve ser preenchida pelo verbo 
existir na terceira pessoa do singular do simple present 
(there is), pois refere-se ao advérbio much. Uma vez 
que o texto afirma que a culinária japonesa se importa 
muito com o sabor (flavor) e a estética (aesthetics), 
seus pratos devem ser saborosos (tasty) e lindos 
(beautiful). 
 
Resposta da questão 52: 
 [A] 
 
A alternativa correta revela-se na segunda lacuna que 
afirma que a mesa é feita de “_________ cultivada de 
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LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
maneira sustentável”. O substantivo é, obviamente, 
“madeira” (wood). 
 
Resposta da questão 53: 
 [B] 
 
[...] and muscle movements as well as conventional 
medical monitors […]. 
 
[...] e o movimento dos músculos tão bem como 
monitores médicos convencionais [...]. (tradução livre) 
 
Resposta da questão 54: 
 [B] 
 
O título da música fala de árvores falsas feitas de 
plástico, enfatizando a artificialidade de hoje em dia. 
 
Resposta da questão 55: 
 [C] 
 
A tradução para o substantivo “research” é pesquisa. 
 
Resposta da questão 56: 
 [E] 
 
A frase “World poverty will be cut by half” significa que 
a pobreza mundial será cortada/reduzida pela metade. 
 
Resposta da questão 57: 
 [D] 
 
O texto fala sobre pessoas viciadas em compras, as 
shopaholics. A fim de tornar a frase inteligível, a 
lacuna I deve ser completada pelo indefinite pronoun 
something (alguma coisa). “They cannot go into a 
shop just to look around. They have to buy something” 
(Eles [shopaholics] não conseguem entrar em uma loja 
só para dar uma olhada. Eles têm que comprar alguma 
coisa). 
A lacuna II deve ser completada pelo substantivo 
addiction (vício) (Compulsive shopping is a type of 
addiction similar to the ones to alcohol or cigarettes) 
(O consumo compulsivo é um tipo de vício similar 
àqueles do álcool ou cigarros). 
 
Resposta da questão 58: 
 [A] 
 
O verbo taking em taking the rubbish out significa 
jogando (no sentido de “tirando o lixo de casa”); being 
pode ser corretamente entendido como sendo no 
trecho is being explored (está sendo explorado); 
working significa trabalhando no trecho Computer 
scientists and psychologists are working together 
(Cientistas da computação e psicólogos estão 
trabalhando juntos); living significa morando no trecho 
if they had a robot living with them (se eles tivessem 
um robô morando com eles); e leading que significa 
liderando. Lamentamos o erro de digitação na 
alternativa [A], a qual afirma que leading significa 
liberando, tradução que não possui nenhuma relação 
com o verbo leading. 
O verbo liberar possui várias formas em Inglês 
dependendo do contexto: to release e to launch são 
exemplos clássicos. 
Assim, por eliminação, a alternativa [A] é a que melhor 
contempla o texto. 
 
Resposta da questão 59: 
 [B] 
 
A expressão in country after country significa “de país 
em país”. 
 
Resposta da questão 60: 
 [D] 
 
a) água 
b) iogurte 
c) leite 
d) refrigerante 
e) suco de laranja 
 
De todos os alimentos mencionados acima, aquele que 
tem má reputação é o refrigerante (soft drink). 
 
Resposta da questão 61: 
 [B] 
 
Here doth the little night-owl make her throne, 
And the slight lizard show his jewelled head. 
 
owl – coruja, her throne – o trono dela (coruja) 
lizard – lagarto, his jewelled head – a cabeça dele 
cheia de joias (lagarto) 
 
Resposta da questão 62: 
 [D] 
 
Deus pode ser entendido como algo maior do que 
tudo, ou seja, uma fonte universal. 
 
Resposta da questão 63: 
 [B] 
 
A alternativa [B] significa que o sol se pôs, metáfora 
para o término do relacionamento. 
 
Resposta da questão 64: 
 [D] 
 
A palavra “handsome” significa “bonito”, e “good-
looking” significa “bonito”; logo, são sinônimos. 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
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Resposta da questão 65: 
 [A] 
 
“purchase” significa “aquisição”, “compra”, e o verbo 
que pode substituí-lo é “buy”, que significa “comprar”. 
 
Resposta da questão 66: 
 [C] 
 
A expressão to get him to move about significa “fazer 
com que ele se mudasse”. Assim, Kevin Benton foi 
coagido a sair de seu quarto. A alternativa [C] possui 
justamente essa ideia. 
 
Resposta da questão 67: 
 [C] 
 
A alternativa [C] é a correta, pois as formas verbais 
banned (banido) e prohibited (proibido) são sinônimas. 
 
Resposta da questão 68: 
 [C] 
 
O verbo “buying” significa “comprando”. 
 
Resposta da questão 69: 
 [E] 
 
O termo assédio moral (moral harassment) é associado 
a um grupo de pessoas hostis (mobbing). 
 
Resposta da questão 70: 
 [C] 
 
O verbo to magnify significa ampliar e to amplify 
(amplificar) pode ser usado como sinônimo. 
 
Resposta da questão 71: 
 [D] 
 
Os termos significam, respectivamente, conta da 
televisão a cabo, uma boa hora (um bom momento) e 
boletim escolar. O candidato deve ficar atento ao fato 
de que bill pode significar, em outros contextos, 
projeto de lei e cédula. 
 
Resposta da questão 72: 
 [D] 
 
A expressão each other possui como sinônimo one 
another e significa um ao outro (noção de 
reciprocidade). 
 
Resposta da questão 73: 
 [B] 
 
Segundo o texto, a educação pode ser medida em 
termos de galanteio ou etiqueta quando levantamos 
para uma mulher que se aproxima de uma mesa ou 
quando cedemos o assento no ônibus para um idoso: 
“politeness measured in terms of gallantry or 
etiquette (e.g., standing up for a woman who 
approaches a table, yielding a seat on thebus to an 
older person etc.)”. 
 
Resposta da questão 74: 
 [E] 
 
A palavra unsuspecting significa “alguém que não é 
considerado suspeito”, ou seja, um inocente. 
 
Resposta da questão 75: 
 [D] 
 
Espera-se que o candidato compreenda que essa foi a 
única característica não mencionada no anúncio. O 
texto menciona a) velocidade = speed; b) 
compromisso = compromise; c) precisão = precision; 
e) trabalho em equipe = team work. 
 
Resposta da questão 76: 
 [D] 
 
A frase destacada possui a seguinte tradução: “O Rei 
Leão ainda detém o recorde de maior arrecadação da 
história entre filmes animados tradicionalmente”. 
Assim, a alternativa [D] está correta porque diz que o 
filme não foi ultrapassado (surpassed) por outros em 
sua categoria de animação. 
 
Resposta da questão 77: 
 [D] 
 
Espera-se que o leitor conheça o significado da palavra 
"culprit": culpado. 
 
Resposta da questão 78: 
 [E] 
 
Espera-se que o leitor compreenda as expressões "not 
only" (não apenas", "não somente") e "also" 
("também). 
 
Resposta da questão 79: 
 [C] 
 
Espera-se que o candidato conheça o significado das 
palavras. 
 
Resposta da questão 80: 
 [C] 
 
TEOREMA MILITAR 
LISTA 1 - VOCABULARY 
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA 
 
A alternativa [C] está correta. A expressão "How do 
you do?" significa "Como vai você?" em português. É 
comum na língua inglesa usarmos a mesma expressão 
como resposta a fim de sermos educados em um 
diálogo.