literatura Norte Americana

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1Consider different periods of time and the books that were or are famous in these 
periods. Each one of them corresponds to historical and sociological facts that 
determine a society, and thus, influence the literature that is produced during the 
period. If you take into account the books below, associate them to their author, 
respectively: I- Harry Potter and the Philosopher´s Stone. II- Passion´s Promise. III- 
The Thomas Berryman Number. IV- A Song for Lya and Others. ( ) James Patterson. 
( ) George R. R. Martin. ( ) J. K. Rowling. ( ) Danielle Steel. Check the CORRECT 
sequence: 
A 
II - IV - III - I. 
B 
III - IV - I - II. 
C 
I - IV - II - III. 
D 
III - I - II - IV. 
2According to a North-American native tale and belief, the Earth has a particular 
conception. This results from the native's observing nature and its phenomena. 
Read the text that follows: "There is another world under this earth. It is like this 
one in every way. The animals, the plants, and the people are the same, but the 
seasons are different. The streams that come down from the mountains are the 
trails by which we reach this underworld. The springs at their head are the 
doorways by which we enter it. But in order to enter the other world, one must fast 
and then go to the water, and have one of the underground people for a guide. We 
know that the seasons in the underground world are different because the water in 
the spring is always warmer in winter than the air in this world; and in summer 
the water is cooler" (KURANT, 2019, p. 19). According to the text, it is possible to 
state that: I- Native American people conceived the world under a binary structure: 
our Earth, and the underground. II- The underground world is totally different 
from the Earth we know. III- Based upon natural elements, native people establish 
rituals in order to penetrate the underground world. IV- Temperature of water is 
always higher in Winter than in Summer. Check the right answer: FONTE: 
KURANT, Wendy. Becoming America: An Exploration of American Literature from 
Precolonial to Post-Revolution. Galileo: University System of Georgia, 2019. 
A 
II, III and IV are correct. 
B 
I and III, only, are correct. 
C 
I and II, only, are correct. 
D 
II and IV, only, are correct. 
3Ezra Pound is a representative of the North-American poetry that was produced 
during the period following the Great Depression and between two World Wars. In 
his poetry, Pound considered models from the past for recreating modern 
literature. Analyze the sentences: I- A great contribution was given to the North-
American literature when the specific movement of the Imagism was created. 
BECAUSE II- Ezra Pound produced poetry with stress on clarity, the precision of 
imaging and language, he was inspired by Chinese and Japanese models. Check the 
right answer: 
A 
I is true, and II is true. II justifies or complements I. 
B 
I is true, and II is true. I justifies or complements II. 
C 
I is false, and II is true. 
D 
I is true, and II is false. 
4(ENADE, 2017) During an American Literature survey course at an American 
university, there was a racial incident at the university library. It was bad enough 
to make the President of the university send a message condemning racism and 
improper behavior and to lead many African American students hold protests and 
marches on campus. In the final exam period, the professor responsible for the 
survey course exhorted students that such incidents show why we need to study 
literature, specifically literature of diverse voices from the past. He mentioned 
some texts which directly addressed white readership about the hypocrisy of racial 
bias, as a prime example of the type of literary work that the offending student, and 
all students, should be reading so as to interrogate critically their own prejudices 
and to nullify or respond thoughtfully to such hateful acts. He also encouraged 
them to be activists in addition to scholars, to speak up against injustice while 
remembering the lessons of earlier American culture wars. As the ensuing final 
project presentations demonstrated, he needn't have bothered. The class had 
already internalized these lessons and applied them to their anthology and literary 
recovery projects. These projects recovered forgotten or neglected voices and put 
them into conversation with our world of 2015 or grouped together activist or 
subversive texts from American writers. Regardless of the topic they chose, these 
students were making pre-1900 American literature speak to their time as well as 
to its own. In essence, this was the entire point of the survey course, which, 
throughout the semester, worked to surface issues of canon : who's in, who's out, 
and who decides, and what points in history. FONTE: THOMSON, T; TONTI, K. 
American Literature Time Machine: Toward a Democratic Canon in the 
Undergratuate Survey Course. American Literature: A Journal of Theory and 
Practice. v. 8, n. 4, p. 14-38, 2017 (adaptado). Segundo esse texto, o professor de 
Literatura norte-americana repensou o currículo e a sua prática na sala de aula a 
partir de um incidente ocorrido na universidade onde leciona. A proposta do 
professor foi: 
A 
Apresentar a seus alunos as obras canônicas da literatura norte-americana para 
que pudessem conhecer a cultura daquele país. 
B 
Apresentar a seus alunos as obras canônicas da literatura norte-americana para 
que pudessem conhecer a cultura daquele país. 
C 
Resgatar obras e autores do passado que dialogassem com questões socioculturais 
atuais e cuja leitura levasse a questionamentos críticos acerca de posicionamentos 
preconceituosos no presente. 
D 
Estudar em suas aulas de literatura as obras de autores norte-americanos que 
tratassem do tema do preconceito racial. 
5Since the very beginning of the new country which has become the United States 
of America, women occupied a main role. This has lead to a certain number of 
female figures who stand out in the new formed society. Among them were some 
writers and also characters represented in novels of the time. Among the choices 
below, check the CORRECT answer: 
A 
Local leaders appreciated the ideals of liberty and freedom Hutchinson pread. 
B 
She was prosecuted and eventually killed by natives, but her ideas spread out 
through the time. 
C 
Anne Hutchinson became popular due to her ideas about slavery. 
D 
Anne Hutchinson was a proeminent figure whose ideas were easily accepted at her 
time. 
6 
O Romantismo foi um movimento artístico e intelectual com raízes na Europa 
Ocidental e que chegou aos Estados Unidos no começo do século XIX. Nele, 
destacam-se obras como “A Letra Escarlate” e “Moby Dick”, que podem ser 
consideradas obras essenciais da literatura universal. Sobre o movimento, avalie as 
asserções a seguir e a relação proposta entre elas: 
 
I- Ceticismo e razão eram altamente valorizados, pois as emoções eram um 
empecilho para alcançar a liberdade apregoada pelos princípios românticos de 
base europeia. 
PORQUE 
 
II- Os românticos americanos utilizavam símbolos para aludir algumas verdades 
ou conhecimentos que existem além da racionalidade. 
Assinale a alternativa CORRETA: 
A 
I e II são proposições verdadeiras, e I completa ou justifica II. 
B 
I é uma proposição falsa e II é uma proposição verdadeira. 
C 
I é uma proposição verdadeira e II é uma proposição falsa. 
D 
I e II são proposições verdadeiras, e II completa ou justifica I. 
7 
Ralph Waldo Emerson foi um importante pensador norte-americano. Ele produziu 
ensaios, poemas e conferências. Teve papel importante na filosofia norte-
americana do século XIX. Inclusive, destaca-se como um dos grandes oradores de 
seu tempo. 
Sobre Emerson, assinale a alternativa CORRETA: 
A 
"Eu não faço o que eu quero, mas o que preciso" era um dos inúmeros slogans de 
Ralph Waldo Emerson. 
B 
No poema “Rhodora”, percebemos o enaltecimento da beleza das mulheres norte-
americanas, que ele compara coma cultura. 
C 
Ralph Waldo Emerson se destacou por escrever ensaios, um gênero literário usado 
pelo autor para comunicar suas ideias a um público amplo. Por meio desses 
ensaios, tornou-se figura influente na vida pública dos Estados Unidos. 
D 
Nas obras de Emerson, é possível encontrar uma enorme ênfase no escravagismo, 
que é o tema central do romantismo americano. 
8Civil War was a huge bloody wound on the American land. It divided people by 
the place they lived, their Collor, their way of producing goods. After Civil War a 
few measures were taken in order to benefit a certain number of people. About the 
measure taken after the end of this war, check the INCORRECT answer: 
A 
The 15th constitutional amendment granted the right to vote for all men older than 
20. 
B 
A 13th constitutional amendment put an end to slavery in the USA. 
C 
The 14th constitutional amendment granted American civil rights to equal all 
citizens. 
D 
A changing in the Independence Act transformed life for black people. 
9(ENADE, 2014) "Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and 
weary, Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore, While I nodded, 
nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping, As of some one gently rapping, 
rapping at my chamber door. « Tis some visitor," I muttered, "tapping at my 
chamber door - Only this, and nothing more." Ah, distinctly I remember it was in 
the bleak December, And each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the 
floor. Eagerly I wished the morrow; - vainly I had sought to borrow From my books 
surcease of sorrow - sorrow for the lost Lenore - For the rare and radiant maiden 
whom the angels name Lenore - Nameless here for evermore. And the silken sad 
uncertain rustling of each purple curtain Thrilled me - filled me with fantastic 
terrors never felt before; So that now, to still the beating of my heart, I stood 
repeating, Tis some visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door - Some late 
visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door; - This it is, and nothing more." 
FONTE: POE, E. A. The Raven. Disponível em: 
http://eapoe.org/works/poems/ravent.htm. Acesso em: 18 jul. 2017 (adaptado). 
Considere um professor de língua inglesa que decide trabalhar com poemas em 
sala de aula. Nesse contexto, avalie as afirmações a seguir, a respeito dos usos que 
o professor pode fazer do poema apresentado: I- Utilizar o esquema de rimas para 
verificar a percepção de aspectos fonológicos pelos estudantes. II- Abordar a 
compreensão textual de gêneros literários pelos estudantes. III- Avaliar aspectos 
morfossintáticos. IV- Verificar se os estudantes compreendem aspectos 
semânticos, como metáforas. É correto o que se afirma em: 
A 
I, III e IV, apenas. 
B 
II e III, apenas. 
C 
I, II, III e IV. 
D 
I e IV, apenas. 
10Read the poem: PITY THE NATION (After Khalil Gibran), by Lawrence 
Ferlinghetti: "Pity the nation whose people are sheep And whose shepherds 
mislead them Pity the nation whose leaders are liars Whose sages are silenced And 
whose bigots haunt the airwaves Pity the nation that raises not its voice Except to 
praise conquerers And acclaim the bully as hero And aims to rule the world By 
force and by torture Pity the nation that knows No other language but its own And 
no other culture but its own Pity the nation whose breath is money And sleeps the 
sleep of the too well fed Pity the nation oh pity the people who allow their rights to 
erode and their freedoms to be washed away My country, tears of thee Sweet land 
of liberty! Check the right answer: FONTE: 
https://www.transcend.org/tms/2020/01/pity-the-nation-after-kahlil-gibran/. 
Acesso em: 26 maio 2020. 
A 
Post-Modern literature was oriented by conformism and obedience. 
B 
This poem illustrates literature as a form of criticism against power, country, and 
its politics. 
C 
The poem was written under the influence of the Beatles, and their music. 
D 
"And aims to rule the world" refers to the Civil War. 
11 
O movimento romântico surgiu na Alemanha. Rapidamente, espalhou-se pela 
Inglaterra e pela França, chegando aos Estados Unidos por volta de 1820. Essa 
nova visão de literatura tomava conta dos grupos intelectuais e artísticos. 
Sobre o movimento romântico, assinale a alternativa CORRETA: 
A 
 Natureza morta e ausência de imaginação. 
B 
Ausência de emoção e exaltação da divindade poética de cada indivíduo. 
C 
Simbolismo e primazia da racionalidade. 
D 
O movimento continha temas otimistas, que incluíam beleza milagrosa da natureza 
e verdades espirituais por trás do mundo físico. 
12A culture if formed by a series of values and literary mouvements. Some of them 
spread away from their origins and get into new lands and people. Among these 
values of literary mouvents some fit more than others to specific cultures. Among 
the literary values bellow, check the one really fits the American culture and check 
the CORRECT answer: 
A 
Naturalism as people are nature oriented in their everyday´s life. 
B 
Individualism which is not exactly focused on being selfish and egoistic, but quite 
independent. 
C 
Romanticism because it is based on poetry in England. 
D 
Symbolism because for each impression corresponds no image.