APOL 1 - GRAMÁTICA

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Questão 1/5 - Estudos Avançados de Língua Inglesa - Estudos Gramaticais
The passive voice is used especially in writing and formal English. It is appropriate when it is not so important, or not known, who did something.
In the following sentence, which phrase could be added to include the agent?
“The e-mail was written...”
Nota: 20.0
	
	A
	... through my colleague.
	
	B
	... by my colleague.
Você assinalou essa alternativa (B)
Você acertou!
To include the agent, that is the person or object that carried out the action, we use “by”. It is not necessary to add this, it is optional.
	
	C
	... from my colleague.
	
	D
	... bye my colleague.
Questão 2/5 - Estudos Avançados de Língua Inglesa - Estudos Gramaticais
There are different terms for parts of the sentence. The most important ones are phrases and clauses.
Which of the following option(s) is/are not a noun phrase?
Nota: 20.0
	
	A
	The old dog
	
	B
	My good friend
	
	C
	Sam retired.
Você assinalou essa alternativa (C)
Você acertou!
“Sam retired” is actually a full sentence. It contains a proper noun, functioning as the subject, and the predicate retire in the past tense. Noun phrases, by definition, don’t stand alone, but they are part of clauses and sentences. The other three alternatives provide examples of noun phrases.
	
	D
	An expensive watch
Questão 3/5 - Estudos Avançados de Língua Inglesa - Estudos Gramaticais
When we report something that another person said, our main objective is to relate the meaning, not necessarily the exact words. In fact, to avoid distorting the meaning we usually change some words. These include verb tenses, but also adverbs and adverbial phrases.
Which of the following sentence(s) would be appropriate to report this direct speech?
Lisa said: “I will finish the report by tomorrow, I promise.”
Nota: 20.0
	
	A
	Lisa promised that I would finish the report by tomorrow.
	
	B
	Lisa said that she would finish the report by the following day.
Você assinalou essa alternativa (B)
Você acertou!
We can use several different reporting verbs in this case, such as promise, assure, or simply say. Will is usually replaced by would in reported speech. The most important point here is that the subject pronoun “I” must be replaced by “she” in reported speech.
	
	C
	Lisa said that I was finishing the report by tomorrow.
	
	D
	Lisa assured us that her friend would finish the report by the following day.
Questão 4/5 - Estudos Avançados de Língua Inglesa - Estudos Gramaticais
Some verbs only require a subject to form a complete clause. Other verbs require an object in addition to a subject.
What is the term used for a verb that, if used in a clause, requires not only a subject, but also an object?
Nota: 20.0
	
	A
	Transitional verb
	
	B
	Intransitional verb
	
	C
	Transitive verb
Você assinalou essa alternativa (C)
Você acertou!
Verbs that require an object are called transitive verbs. An example is the verb (to) buy. A verb that can stand only with a subject but without an object and still forms a complete phrase is called intransitive.
	
	D
	Intransitive verb
Questão 5/5 - Estudos Avançados de Língua Inglesa - Estudos Gramaticais
Adverbs have a very broad range of application. They can modify verbs, adjectives or other adverbs. Accordingly, there are different types of adverbs. Their position in the sentence varies.
What is the correct position of adverbs of frequency?
Nota: 20.0
	
	A
	Adverbs of frequency usually go before the main verb but after the verb (to) be.
Você assinalou essa alternativa (A)
Você acertou!
Adverbs of frequency, such as always, never, sometimes, or frequently, usually go before the main verb but after the verb (to) be. For example: “John always arrives late”, or “John is always late.”
	
	B
	Adverbs of frequency usually go before the verb (to) be but after the main verb.
	
	C
	Adverbs of frequency usually go at the end of the sentence.
	
	D
	Adverbs of frequency usually go at the beginning of the sentence.