GRAMÁTICA AVANÇADA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA

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Disc.: GRAMÁTICA AVANÇADA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA   
Aluno(a): MARCUS ALLAN GOMES LOURENÇO 202010081169
Acertos: 1,8 de 2,0 03/10/2023
Acerto: 0,2  / 0,2
The difference in meaning conveyed by different modals can be quite subtle and sometimes only noticeable in
the variety being used, whether British, American, Canadian and so on. Which alternative best explains the
difference between "must" and "have got to" in American English?
 "Must" typically expresses logical deduction, while "have got to" tends to be used to underscore the
speaker´s feelings or the urgency of the situation.
"Must" and "have got to" are most often used to express logical deduction.
"Must" is often used to underscore the speakers´ emotions while "have got to" expresses logical
deduction.
"Must" and "have got to" are most often used to describe a social necessity imposed by a particular
group.
"Must" invites the interlocutor to face the obligation as a social necessity, while "have got to" depicts the
social necessity as rules imposed by a particular social group.
Respondido em 03/10/2023 19:38:50
Explicação:
In American English, "have got to" or the reduced "gotta" often signals the urgency of the situation and the emotional
charge of the message, while "must" tends to be employed to suggest a logical deduction.
Acerto: 0,2  / 0,2
Read the excerpt below:
 
"Even if I speak to Bart only in Dutch, he‛ll mostly reply in English, and we go with that," says Jansen.
 
Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/science/2022/sep/04/britains-multilingual-children-we-speak-
whatever-language-gets-the-job-done- Access on: March 3rd, 2023.
 
Choose the option that best describes the excerpt above:
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 Questão2
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Indirect report, because the lack of quotation marks suggests the source‛s original words are not used
and the fragment has been paraphrased.
Partial report, because it combines the original wording with paraphrased content.
Partial quotation, because it completely preserves the enunciator‛s original wording.
 Direct report, because it completely preserves the enunciator‛s original wording.
Indirect report, because it completely preserves the enunciator‛s original wording.
Respondido em 03/10/2023 19:00:11
Explicação:
Indirect speech occurs when speakers or writers focus on the content of the message, paraphrasing it in their own
words. We call direct or quoted speech the cases in which the reporter offers an ipsis litteris account of what has been
said or written, reproducing exactly the authors‛ original words, which is usually signalled by the use of quotation
marks. Finally, juxtaposing in the same statement the author‛s and his/ her sources¿ choices of words refers to the use
of partial quotation.
Acerto: 0,2  / 0,2
The Present Perfect poses a great challenge for ESL students, which may be partly due to its inexistence in
Portuguese. One of the �ve main uses of the Present Perfect is to describe:
 an action that began at a prior moment and has lasted into the present.
an ongoing action, highlighting its incompleteness.
a complete action that happened at a speci�c moment in the past.
a more remote past event prior to a more recent past action.
an action that has been occurring for some time and that is likely to stretch into the future until or
beyond a given point in time
Respondido em 03/10/2023 19:28:06
Explicação:
All the three verb tenses marked by the perfect aspect (Past Perfect, Present Perfect, and Future Perfect) refer to a
prior moment in time. The Present Perfect is well-known for describing actions that started at some point in the past
and have lasted all the way into the present.
Acerto: 0,0  / 0,2
A didactic way to understand the structure of directive sentences is to compare it with declarative sentences.
Bearing this is mind, choose the correct alternative.
 
Different from declaratives, directives usually appear with a subject. Directive sentences tend to use modal
verbs, avoiding thus the use of ______________.
 
Read the passage above and choose the option that �lls in its blanks correctly and in the right order:
Different from declaratives, directives usually appear with a subject.
 Different from declaratives, directives usually appear without a subject.
 Directive sentences tend to use modal verbs.
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 Questão4
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Declarative sentences tend to avoid the use of modalization.
Directive sentences tend to prioritize modalization.
Respondido em 03/10/2023 19:34:54
Explicação:
Imperative sentences usually appear without a subject, having a main verb as its core, avoiding, thus, modalization.
Thus, the only correct answer is "Different from declaratives, directives usually appear without a subject."
Acerto: 0,2  / 0,2
: ___________ is a kind of pro-form that can be used in order to substitute either de�nite or inde�nite noun groups.
_____________, on the other hand, functions as a pro-form substitute when its meaning is equated to the meaning
of the one. Finally, _________ replaces noun groups in some speci�c clauses at the same time as a substitute and a
referential.
Read the passage above and choose the option that �lls in its blanks correctly and in the right order.
 One - That - the same.
One - The one - the same.
One - Those - some.
Some - Those - so.
Each - None - the same.
Respondido em 03/10/2023 19:11:53
Explicação:
"One" is used as a de�nite and inde�nite noun group substitute. "That" can be used as a pro-form when its meaning is
the same as "the one" and "the same" works, at the same time, as referent and pro-form substitute. Therefore, "one,
that and the same" is the correct answer.
Acerto: 0,2  / 0,2
In English there are multiword forms such as phrasal modals, pseudo-modals, or quasi-modals whose meanings
are similar to those of true modals. Choose the option in which the statement below is rephrased with its
adequate phrasal equivalent.
 
"We should get out into the garden so we´re ready".
We are able to get out into the garden (...).
We are used to getting out into the garden (...).
We have to get out into the garden (...).
 We are supposed to get out into the garden (...).
We are allowed to get out into the garden (...).
Respondido em 03/10/2023 19:36:34
Explicação:
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In order to give advice, speakers can resort to the modals "should" and "ought to" or to their phrasal counterpart "be
supposed to". The other phrasal counterparts either convey permission, obligation, past habit, or ability.
Acerto: 0,2  / 0,2
Reporting is a linguistic mechanism that comprehends direct reported speech and indirect reported speech.
Indirect reporting is the means by which:
We reproduce what has been said or written ipsis litteris, employing the enunciator¿s original choice of
words.
We quote a reliable source word by word to lend credibility to our own text or to strengthen our points
of view.
We memorize the very same words previously employed by someone else.
We juxtapose in the same statement the author¿s and his/ her sources¿ choices of words.
 We focus on the meaning of the message, but change its form, rephrasing the original order, question, or
statement in our own words.
Respondido em 03/10/2023 18:59:12
Explicação:
Indirect speech occurs when speakers or writers focus on the content of the message, paraphrasing it in their own
words. We call direct or quoted speech the cases in which the reporter offers an ipsis litteris account of what has been
said or written, reproducing exactly the authors¿ originalwords, whereas juxtaposing in the same statement the
author¿s and his/ her sources¿ choices of words refers to the use of partial quotation.
Acerto: 0,2  / 0,2
The uses of the past progressive can be divided into four categories. Mark the option in which a past action is
simultaneous with an event in the Past Simple.
If the bus leaves, the truck will block the street.
The bus is leaving while the truck is blocking the street.
The bus had left before the truck blocked the street.
If the bus had left, the truck would have blocked the street.
 The bus was leaving, when the truck blocked the street.
Respondido em 03/10/2023 18:57:54
Explicação:
In alternative "The bus was leaving, when the truck blocked the street", a sharp contrast is clear - an action was in
progress when the abrupt occurrence of a second action brought it to a halt.
Acerto: 0,2  / 0,2
Regarding the structure and discursive function of abbreviated irregular sentences, assess the statements
below and the relationship between them:
 
 Questão7
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 Questão8
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 Questão9
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I - Abbreviated irregular sentences appear often in instructional materials due to their capacity to condensate
ideas into small structures of language.
 
BECAUSE
 
II - Abbreviated irregular sentences tend to occur in orality, due to the demand for swiftness and conciseness in
informal oral interactions.
Option I is not correct, but option II is correct. Therefore, II is not a correct justi�cation for I.
Option I is correct, but option II is not correct. Therefore, II is not a correct justi�cation for I.
Options I and II are correct propositions and II is a correct justi�cation for I.
Options I and II are not correct.
 Options I and II are correct, but II is not a correct justi�cation for I.
Respondido em 03/10/2023 19:10:57
Explicação:
Abbreviated irregular sentences are common in instructional materials and oral interactions due to the reasons
exposed in the statements. However, statement I is not justi�ed by II. Therefore, options I and II are correct, but II is
not a correct justi�cation for I.
Acerto: 0,2  / 0,2
Regarding ellipsis, assess the statements below and the relationship between them:
 
I - Nominal ellipsis occurs within nominal groups as a result of the suppression of the head of the noun phrase,
whose function is ful�lled by some of its modi�ers.
 
 BECAUSE
 
II - Clausal ellipsis occurs through the omission of one of the constitutive parts of the clause: the modal part or
the propositional part.
 Options I and II are correct, but II is not a correct justi�cation for I.
Options I and II are not correct.
Option I is not correct, but option II is correct. Therefore, II is not a correct justi�cation for I.
Option I is correct, but option II is not correct. Therefore, II is not a correct justi�cation for I.
Options I and II are correct propositions and II is a correct justi�cation for I.
Respondido em 03/10/2023 19:03:44
Explicação:
Nominal ellipsis does occur through the suppression of the head of the nominal phrase and clausal ellipsis does occur
through the omission of one of the parts of the clause. However, statement I is not justi�ed by II.
 Questão10
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