Present perfect (presentation)

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<p>The PRESENT PERFECT tense</p><p>Prof. Gerson Rossi dos Santos @ IFSP VTP</p><p>The PRESENT PERFECT tense</p><p>Algumas considerações iniciais:</p><p>• É um tempo verbal;</p><p>• Expressa uma noção de tempo em que o passado e o presente se</p><p>combinam e são extensivos entre si;</p><p>• É de difícil tradução em língua portuguesa, pois não há um tempo</p><p>verbal equivalente entre as duas línguas;</p><p>• Requer aprender a pensar na própria língua inglesa;</p><p>• Aproxima-se, apenas em parte, do pretérito perfeito composto do</p><p>português.</p><p>Amostras (samples)</p><p>• We have worked on a new project recently.</p><p>• I have lived in this house since I was born.</p><p>• He has lost his car keys, so he can’t drive back home.</p><p>TIMELINE</p><p>PAST PRESENT FUTURE</p><p>Present perfect tense</p><p>Comparação de amostras</p><p>ENGLISH</p><p>• We have worked on a new project</p><p>recently.</p><p>• I have lived in this house since I</p><p>was born.</p><p>• He has lost his car keys, so he</p><p>can’t drive back home.</p><p>PORTUGUÊS</p><p>• Nós temos trabalhado em um</p><p>novo projeto recentemente.</p><p>• Eu moro nesta casa desde que</p><p>nasci.</p><p>• Ele perdeu as chaves do seu carro,</p><p>então não consegue voltar para</p><p>casa.</p><p>• Present perfect • Pretérito perfeito composto</p><p>• Presente simples</p><p>• Passado simples</p><p>Uso do tempo verbal</p><p>• Aponta processos ou ações que têm início no passado (em algum ponto</p><p>recente ou remoto) e permanecem ou perduram até o presente.</p><p>Ex.: I have lived in this house since I was born.</p><p>Ex.: We have worked in a new project recently.</p><p>• Aponta para uma situação presente que é definida pelo que aconteceu no</p><p>passado.</p><p>Ex.: He has lost his car keys, so he can’t drive back home.</p><p>Ex.: He can’t walk because he has broken a leg.</p><p>Composição do tempo verbal</p><p>A composição do presente perfect é feita a partir de 2 (duas) formas verbais:</p><p>Forma verbal 1: verbo have no infinitivo (have) ou terceira pessoa do singular (has,)</p><p>como verbo auxiliar</p><p>Forma verbal 2: verbo principal no particípio.</p><p>Ex.: I have lived in this house since I was born.</p><p>Ex.: We have worked in a new project recently.</p><p>Ex.: He has lost his car keys, so he can’t drive back home.</p><p>Ex.: He can’t walk because he has broken a leg.</p><p>Variações: forma contraída</p><p>SEM CONTRAÇÃO</p><p>• We have worked on a new project</p><p>recently.</p><p>• I have lived in this house since I</p><p>was born.</p><p>• He has lost his car keys, so he</p><p>can’t drive back home.</p><p>FORMA CONTRAÍDA</p><p>• We’ve worked on a new project</p><p>recently.</p><p>• I’ve lived in this house since I was</p><p>born.</p><p>• He’s lost his car keys, so he can’t</p><p>drive back home.</p><p>Variações: negativa com “not”</p><p>Afirmativa</p><p>• We have worked on a</p><p>new project recently.</p><p>• I have lived in this</p><p>house since I was</p><p>born.</p><p>• He has lost his car</p><p>keys, so he can’t drive</p><p>back home.</p><p>Negativa</p><p>• We have not worked</p><p>on a new project</p><p>recently.</p><p>• I have not lived in this</p><p>house since I was</p><p>born.</p><p>• He has not lost his car</p><p>keys, so he can drive</p><p>back home.</p><p>Negativa com contração</p><p>• We haven’t worked on</p><p>a new project recently.</p><p>• I haven’t lived in this</p><p>house since I was born.</p><p>• He hasn’t lost his car</p><p>keys, so he can drive</p><p>back home.</p><p>Variações: negativa com “never”</p><p>Negativa</p><p>• We have never</p><p>worked on a new</p><p>project.</p><p>• I have never lived in</p><p>this house.</p><p>• He has never lost his</p><p>car keys.</p><p>Negativa com contração</p><p>• We’ve never worked on a</p><p>new project.</p><p>• I’ve never lived in this</p><p>house.</p><p>• He’s never lost his car</p><p>keys.</p><p>Variações: interrogativa</p><p>Afirmativa</p><p>• We have worked on a</p><p>new project recently.</p><p>• I have lived in this</p><p>house since I was</p><p>born.</p><p>• He has lost his car</p><p>keys, so he can’t drive</p><p>back home.</p><p>Interrogativa</p><p>• Have you worked on</p><p>a project?</p><p>• Have you lived in this</p><p>house?</p><p>• Has he lost his car</p><p>keys?</p><p>Interrogativa com “ever”</p><p>• Have you ever worked</p><p>on a project?</p><p>• Have you ever lived in</p><p>this house?</p><p>• Has he ever lost his car</p><p>keys?</p><p>Slide 1: The PRESENT PERFECT tense</p><p>Slide 2: The PRESENT PERFECT tense</p><p>Slide 3: Amostras (samples)</p><p>Slide 4: Comparação de amostras</p><p>Slide 5: Uso do tempo verbal</p><p>Slide 6: Composição do tempo verbal</p><p>Slide 7: Variações: forma contraída</p><p>Slide 8: Variações: negativa com “not”</p><p>Slide 9: Variações: negativa com “never”</p><p>Slide 10: Variações: interrogativa</p>