Apresentação LG - Chiller x VRF

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1/14 Copyright ⓒ 2008 All rights reserved LG Electronics Inc.
Chiller vs VRF system
LG Electronics Inc. 
LGEHQ CAC Team
2/14 Copyright ⓒ 2008 All rights reserved LG Electronics Inc.
1. Design Comparison
VRF is very simpli�ed refrigerant piping system. More 𿿿exible than water piping.VRF is very simpli�ed refrigerant piping system. More 𿿿exible than water piping.
Chiller
MULTI V Plus Ⅱ (VRF)Chiller system
• Outdoor unit (air-cooled type)
• Indoor unit
• Refrigerant piping
• Chiller
• FCU (Fan Coil Unit)
• AHU (Air Handling Unit)
System
composition
Feature
• Cooling tower
• Water piping, Duct working
• Water pumps
System concept
DesignDesign CommissioningOperation MaintenanceInstallation Reliability
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Network
Feature Chiller system
• Complicated wiring
MULTI V Plus Ⅱ (VRF)
• Simple wiring
DesignDesign CommissioningOperation MaintenanceInstallation Reliability
Easy network wiringEasy network wiring
1. Design Comparison Network design
ACP
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1. Design Comparison Total management
DesignDesign CommissioningOperation MaintenanceInstallation Reliability
 
[Manufacturer]
VAV boxes 
supplier
Control
system
Feature Chiller system MULTI V Plus Ⅱ (VRF)
(For VRF) M(For VRF) Manufactureranufacturer provide all equipment provide all equipment
• Simple control structure
 No additional control provider
• Central control and energy monitoring with 
 low cost available
• Complicated control structure, additional 
 control manager in the system needed, 
 increasing cost
• Third part control provider needed, 
 interconnectivity problems.
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Design Commissioning
MULTI V Plus Ⅱ (VRF)Chiller system
• The systems condition only the 
 necessary rooms with regard 
 to user demands.
• The systems commonly condition the entire building 
 at predetermined times, with no regard to user demands.
 (very hot midnight, weekend, holiday etc)
Capacity
control
Feature
After o񯿿ce hours operation, VRF could be operated for the user demands.After o񯿿ce hours operation, VRF could be operated for the user demands.
Operating Area 
Individual operation
OperationOperation MaintenanceInstallation Reliability
2. Operation Comparison
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Temperature
control
Feature Chiller system
Require
1 or 2
MULTI V Plus (VRF)Ⅱ
Very precise
± 0.5
Precise temperature controlPrecise temperature control
3030
2525
2020
1515
1010 2020 3030 4040 5050 6060 7070
CoolingCooling
MIN.MIN.
Chiller system 
MULTI V system
R
o
o
m
 t
e
m
p
.
R
o
o
m
 t
e
m
p
.
 0.5 0 C from set point
Design CommissioningOperationOperation MaintenanceInstallation Reliability
Temp. control2. Operation Comparison
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VRF system doesn’t need a duct space.VRF system doesn’t need a duct space.
Space
Efficiency
Feature MULTI V Plus Ⅱ (VRF)
• Small refrigerant space
Chiller system
• Large duct space
Design CommissioningOperation MaintenanceInstallationInstallation Reliability
Space (Duct working)3. Installation Comparison
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Chiller
Pump
Boiler
Cooling
 tower
(On the rooftop)
(Machine room drawing)
Outdoor
Unit
(On the rooftop)
(Rooftop drawing)
VRF system is no need for a machine room. VRF system is no need for a machine room. 
Installation
space
Feature MULTI V Plus Ⅱ (VRF)
• No need a machine room
Chiller system
• Need a machine room
Design CommissioningOperation MaintenanceInstallationInstallation Reliability
Installation space3. Installation Comparison
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E񯿿cient use of space is possible for VRF systemE񯿿cient use of space is possible for VRF system
Chiller system
Space
Efficiency
Feature
P P
1/3
CHILLER SYSTEMCHILLER SYSTEM
• Large pipe shaft is needed for water piping
MULTI V Plus Ⅱ (VRF)
VRF SystemVRF System
• Small pipe shaft is needed
Design CommissioningOperation MaintenanceInstallationInstallation Reliability
Space (Pipe shaft)3. Installation Comparison
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VRF system expansion is very easy with extra outdoor & indoor unit.VRF system expansion is very easy with extra outdoor & indoor unit.
Chiller system
System
Expansion
Feature
• Capacity addition is difficult 
 as additional mechanical room, pump, cooling tower,
 panel and piping is required.
MULTI V Plus Ⅱ (VRF)
• System Expansion is Easy
+
Design CommissioningOperation MaintenanceInstallationInstallation Reliability
System expansion3. Installation Comparison
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1 step Commissioning6 steps Commissioning
MULTI V Plus Ⅱ (VRF)Chiller system
Commissioning
Feature
There are a lot of commissioning points for the chiller systemThere are a lot of commissioning points for the chiller system
• 6 Steps Commissioning • 1 Step Commissioning
Water cooled chiller (3)
(4)
Design CommissioningCommissioningOperation MaintenanceInstallation Reliability
NO. of commissioning point4. Commissioning Comparison
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Maintenance
Feature
Maintenance costs for a Multi V is lower than chilled water systems.Maintenance costs for a Multi V is lower than chilled water systems.
Water cooled chiller (3)
(4)
MULTI V Plus Ⅱ (VRF)
• Filter cleaning
• Heat exchanger cleaning
• Cycle check by notebook (LG MV)
Chiller system
• Filter cleaning
• Duct cleaning
• Water pipe – maintenance
• Periodical oil change, overhaul
• Pump
• Water treatment
• Cooling tower cleaning
Design CommissioningOperation MaintenanceMaintenanceInstallation Reliability
Maintenance list5. Maintenance Comparison
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(For Chiller Water treatment is required for clean water)(For Chiller Water treatment is required for clean water)
Water
treatment
Feature Chiller system
• Water treatment is required
 (deficient service can cause legionary disease in the system)
MULTI V Plus Ⅱ (VRF)
• No water treatment is needed
Design CommissioningOperation MaintenanceMaintenanceInstallation Reliability
Water treatment5. Maintenance Comparison
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Scale
cleaning
Feature Chiller system MULTI V Plus Ⅱ (VRF)
• No water pipes : No scale (use 
refrigerant)
• Need to clean the water pipes
 System efficiency drop & origin of germs 
After 2~3year After 5~6year After 7~8year
10% 25~30% 35~40%
thickness of scale
E
n
e
rg
y
 L
o
s
s
Unit : mm
Unit : %
(For Chiller) Maintenance & cleaning periodically by exclusive company(For Chiller) Maintenance & cleaning periodically by exclusive company
Design CommissioningOperation MaintenanceMaintenanceInstallation Reliability
Scale cleaning5. Maintenance Comparison
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Maintenance Staff5. Maintenance Comparison
Design CommissioningOperation MaintenanceMaintenanceInstallation Reliability
Maintenance
Staff
Feature Chiller system MULTI V Plus Ⅱ (VRF)
(For Chiller) Certi�ed maintenance sta򯿿 is needed(For Chiller) Certi�ed maintenance sta򯿿 is needed
• No need special maintenance staff.
• Economic and easy maintenance
• The system requires certified maintenance 
 staff not only for chillers but also pumps, 
 boilers, cooling towers etc. 
• More expensive maintenance cost.
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Pipe Erosion6. Reliability Comparison
Design CommissioningOperationMaintenanceInstallation ReliabilityReliability
Pipe
Erosion
Feature Chiller system MULTI V Plus Ⅱ (VRF)
(For Chiller) Certi�ed maintenance sta򯿿 is needed(For Chiller) Certi�ed maintenance sta򯿿 is needed
• Refrigerant does not cause corrosion therefore
 no pipe damage occurred
• Pipe erosion can cause leakage.
• System capacity reduction.
• Brines use increase corrosion, anti corrosion 
 additives needed
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Category Product
Initial Cost
 (USD)
Initial Cost
(USD)Total
Water 
Cooled 
Chiller
Chiller Price 355,484
877,097
AHU / Cooling 
Tower / Pump, 
Price
148,065
Installation 383,871
VRV
Multi V 874,498
1,109,660
Installation 235,161
•April 2008
•Cooling Only
•Air Duct Included
Initial CostInitial Cost Running Cost Maintenance Cost Total cost
• Type of Building: Shopping Mall
• Total area 9,000 m2 : 6 storey Building :1,500 m2/floor
• Actual cooling area : 1,500 m2 * 80 % * 6 Floor = 7,200 m2
• Cooling Load (Tr) / m2 : 700 Tr *12000 Btu/Hr = 1,166 Btu/m2
 
• Equipment : Water cooled chiller /Multi V unit
 - Water Cooled Chiller :Trane Water cooled chiller
 350 Tr x 2 set =700 Tr + 300 Back up
 Pump’s =400 Tr x 2 set
 AHU = 8000 CFM x 36 set
 Cooling Tower =1200 Gpm x 3 +3 Back up
 - VRF System :LG Multi V Plus II
 48 Hp x 19 set=912 Hp 726 Tr
 
• Air conditioning time : Operation
 - 13 hour a day (09:00 ~ 22:00)
 - 30 days a month
 - average load by month
 Equipments & Installation costEquipments & Installation cost
MULTI V vs Chiller7. Economic analysis
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Multi V running cost is 65 % compare to chiller
Category Product
Running
Cost
(USD)Total
Water 
Cooled 
Chiller
Chiller Price
308,697
AHU / 
Cooling 
Tower / 
Pump, Price
Multi V Price 200,158
•Based on KW data chiller/Multi V
•Based on, Thailand electrical standard
•ARI-Air conditioning & Refrigeration Institute 
Running cost
Savings up to
 15th yr : 35%
Chiller
Multi V
 Electrical costElectrical cost
MULTI V vs Chiller7. Economic analysis
Initial Cost Running CostRunning Cost Maintenance Cost Total cost
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Category Price
Maintenance
Cost
(USD)Total
Water 
Cooled 
Chiller
Chiller Price
32,177AHU / Cooling 
Tower / Pump, 
Price
Multi V Price 11,468
Chiller
Multi V
Maintenance
Cost savings 
Up to 15th yr
: 66%
•Maintenance breakdown
•Chiller system -31 USD / Rt / yr.- 6 times/yr
•Multi V- 48 USD / Indoor / yr.- 6 times/yr
 - 145 USD / Outdoor / yr.- 6 times/yr
Multi V maintenance cost is 24 % compare to chiller
 Maintenance costMaintenance cost
MULTI V vs Chiller7. Economic analysis
Initial Cost Running Cost Maintenance CostMaintenance Cost Total cost
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Category Chiller system VRF system Remarks
Economic
Analysis
Initial cost 
(USD)
877,097 927,057 　
Running cost 
(USD)
308,698 200,158
Shopping 
mall
6F, 9,000
㎡
Maintenace cost 
(USD)
32,177 11,468 
Total cost (USD) 1,217,972 1,138,683 
BEP - 　 1.7 years 　
7. Economic analysis
Initial Cost Running Cost Maintenance Cost Total costTotal cost
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LCC (Life Cycle Cost for 15 years) : Chiller 5.99 M$ > Multi V 4.27 M$ (71%)
BEP (Break Even Point) : 1.7 Years 
LCC (15 years) BEP
1st year 2nd year 3rd year 4th year
- 20K$
+10K$
+40K$
+70K$
BEP :
1.7 Years
Cost savings 
: 29%
BEP :
1.7 Years
8. LCC
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Chiller Multi V
1,228
1,109
877 
 32 
308
200
11
1,3217%
 Product &
Installation
 Maintenance
Electrical Fee
Chiller Multi V
5,992
23%15%
8%
77% 73%
4%
4,274 35%
 Product &
Installation
 Maintenance
Electrical Fee
Initial Cost (1st year) 
( K US$ )
LCC (15 years) 
8. LCC
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App. Cost estimation
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App. Actual running cost
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App. Maintenance cost
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ARI Released The New Standard in 2003
Available through 
the ARI web site:
WWW.ARI.ORG
Portion by cooling load (%)Portion by cooling load (%)
IPLVIPLV
OROR
APLVAPLV
==
0.010.01 + + 0.420.42 + + 0.450.45 + + 0.120.12
 A B C DA B C D
11
kW / kW (ARI Part load weighting factors)
1% 1% 42% 45% 42% 45% 12%12%
100% 75% 50% 25%100% 75% 50% 25%
WEIGHTED (%)WEIGHTED (%)
ARI550/590-2003ARI550/590-2003
Cooling LoadCooling Load
App. Energy efficiency (IPLV)