REvisão de literatura lean manufacturin

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Materials Today: Proceedings 62 (2022) 1489–1495
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Materials Today: Proceedings
journal homepage: www.elsevier .com/locate /matpr
Study and implementation of lean manufacturing strategies: A literature
review
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.02.155
2214-7853/Copyright � 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the International Conference on Recent Advances in Modeling and Simulations Techn
Engineering and Science.
⇑ Corresponding author.
E-mail addresses: deepak.gope@jjtu.ac.in (D.K. Gope), saurabh22490@gmail.com
(S. Dewangan).
Manish Deshmukh a, Anshul Gangele b, Deepak Kumar Gope a, Saurabh Dewangan c,⇑
aDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Shri Jagdishprasad Jhabarmal Tibrewala University, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan 333001, India
bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Adina Institute of Science and Technology, Sagar, MP 470002, India
cDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303007, India
a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t
Article history:
Available online 16 February 2022
Keywords:
Lean manufacturing
CMM
DFM
SPC
MSA
Industry 4.0
Lean manufacturing, organizations are utilizing maximum resource and minimization to waste and do
the Non-Value-Added Activity. In the period Industries are paces to changing business environment,
every manufacturing sector is fought to challenges so they are required for agile elevation. In this paper,
a critical review was attempted which focuses on lean manufacturing and reverse engineering for joint
propeller shaft. It systematically categories by definitions, design bases, organizations base, material
bases and tool use bases. It also provided quality of work processes in every manufacturing organization.
In this paper’s analysis about lean manufacturing concepts, lean wastes plus strategies, obstacles to lean
as well as implementation of lean. Emphasize to tool & techniques of lean manufacturing organization of
find out to numerous outcomes than the organization is sustained to their good repo in the market. Uses
of this tool performance measurement and find out greatest improvement.
Industry 4.0 is relatively a newer concept that is among the most promising methods to dealing with
the future manufacturing problems such as the high demand for customised products. Many sorts of
study focus on combining the two principles to sustain an efficient as well as flexible manufacturing pro-
cess. The notion of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) is formed by the widespread use of Information and
Communication Technologies (ICT) in production, which connects physical to the digital systems as well
as integrates value chains. LM as well as I4.0 have the same aims of enhancing flexibility as well as pro-
ductivity, but via distinct methodologies. By merging both theories & carefully identifying the unification,
this study overcomes the difficulty.
Copyright � 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the International Confer-
ence on Recent Advances in Modeling and Simulations Techniques in Engineering and Science.
1. Introduction
Lean manufacturing use in industry to than it utilizes maximum
resource and minimization waste. Lean concept is mostly intro-
duced by Japanese production particularly from Toyota. Lean prin-
cipals specify the value of the product and services as observed by
the demand of consumer as well as production flow. Manufactur-
ing industry continuously focus on improvement and elimination
of waste. So, industry continuously effort to short out value added
activity (VA) from non-value added activity (NVA). In NVA lots of
activities are involved like over production inventory, transporta-
tion, motion, waiting, as well as defect process failure [1].
In twenty first century manufacturing depends on customer
demand for customer satisfaction. Manufacturing fields are contin-
uously improving and changing their services, processes, product
and manufacturing. Industry requiring high production and high
quality with less production cost but high productivity than they
do they apply methodology lean manufacturing is the best
methodology to reduced waste. This has resulted in complex plan-
ning of production as well as control system which has made the
mass production of goods difficult especially in auto industry and
manufacturing sector struggled to competitive markets. Many
automobile & manufacturing industries are turned to lean manu-
facturing because lean manufacturing is fulfilling the consumers
demand by decreasing wastes. The main aim of the lean manufac-
iques in
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.02.155
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mailto:saurabh22490@gmail.com
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.02.155
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M. Deshmukh, A. Gangele, Deepak Kumar Gope et al. Materials Today: Proceedings 62 (2022) 1489–1495
turing industrial production is to provide services at lowest cost as
well as at the faster pace required by the consumers with reducing
waste. Various authors are profile to their research paper advan-
tages of lean implementation like cycle time, inventory, failure,
scrap, over all equipment effectiveness (OEE) set up time etc. [2].
2. Principles and practices of lean manufacturing
Dankbaar (1997) In lean manufacturing, employees are given
responsibility for a single job, combining both direct as well as
indirect labour [3], while promoting continuous innovation. This
means that contrast to conventional mass manufacturing, lean
manufacturing can produce a wider variety of products at cheaper
prices with higher quality while using less of each input: fewer
people with reduced space, smaller investment, as well as shorter
development timeframes [4]. For further information, consider
Cox and Blackstone (1998) as a production philosophy, lean man-
ufacturing stresses the reduction of all resources (which includes -
time) used in the various operations of a business. Finding, then
removing activities that don’t contribute to the product’s value is
part of this process. Lean manufacturers use groups of multi-
talented staff in any respective organizational level as well as use
highly versatile, more and more machine-driven manufacturing
to produce bulks of merchandise in doubtless monumental multi-
plicity Howell (1999) [5] Something fresh as well as innovative,
distinguished from mass- and craft-produced goods by the meth-
ods, goals, and strategies used in the industry, on style & distribu-
tion networks in an effort to improve assembly system efficiency
and thereby meet the diverse needs of individual customers [6].
3. Overview of lean
Lean manufacturing tools and their methodologies is main
focus is continuous remove to all the wastes in manufacturing pro-
cesses. The foremost advantages of this are the reduced production
costs, Productivity increase as well as reduced production lead
time [7]. A systematic methodology for recognizing as well as
removing waste and NVA (Non-Value-Added Ac (ytivitcsources
for the NVA activity, wastes are Inventory, Transportation, Over
production, Motion Waiting, over processing as well as Defects.
Design, failure analysis, productivity, quality, cost, maintenance,
service, survey and many more places lean manufacturing is used.
This literature review discusses to every author overview for lean
manufacturing. Background of Lean Manufacturing ‘‘Toyota Pro-
duction System (TPS) became widely popular after adopting the
methodology named ‘‘Lean manufacturing”. And later on, several
other companies started adopting it worldwide. Taichi Ohno is
the chief production engineer of Toyota Motor Company whose
yearly and constant hard work as well as research gave this fruit.
Taichi Ohno performed this research under the Toyota family
owner and the engineer, Eiji Toyoda. They both worked during
the time when companywas in severe difficulties and they did it
to enhance the productivity as well as efficiency of their corpora-
tion plant situated in Nagoya, Japan. ‘‘Ford’s Rouge manufacturing
company” in Detroit, USA became the major cause for these make-
overs of the company. Ohno observed some high-efficiency pro-
duction characteristics in Detroit which he set off to bring them
in Toyota expecting to rise in production and growth in its econ-
omy; however, a breakthrough system was developed by him. In
the present time, it is important to manage product innovation
as well as development processes for the firms to survive in the
market and for this, firms need modern tools as well as methodol-
ogy that must be adopted. In process improvement methodologies,
various methods are included such as changes in present manufac-
turing procedures or applying more training sessions in the manu-
1490
facturing organizations. In the modern innovation as well as
development processes, several industries are trying to embrace
the philosophy of waste elimination ‘‘Lean manufacturing con-
cept”. It was also observed that in the innovation procedures, the
application of Lean manufacturing concept is not that immediate
as well as various problematic aspects are also presented [8]. The
major challenge is that the critical differences cannot be distin-
guished between the two fields of applications (Fig. 1).
In 1988, John Krafcik aimed to focus on the results of ‘‘MIT
International Motor Vehicle Program research” in a renowned arti-
cle in which the term ‘‘Lean” is used first time for explaining the
approach of production management which requires less resources
such as minimum warehouses for storage, less space and requires
less working hours [10]. And in comparison to traditional mass
production, the products obtained through this are more competi-
tive in quality terms, cost as well as time [11]. The primary ele-
ments of manufacturing are focused mainly in the leanest
manufacturing while some focuses on the Process control and
some other on the areas of Logistics [12]. In Detroit, Eiji Toyoda vis-
ited Ford plant in 1950. In 1937 both Japanese company and Toy-
ota motor were in severe crises. And after 13 years of efforts and
hard work, Ford was able to produce 7000 per day through the
implementation of Lean and Toyota was able to manufacture
2683 automobiles [13]. Conventional methods are getting replaced
by Lean manufacturing methods in terms of both service industries
as well as manufacturing. From the several researches, it was
observed that Lean methods and logics are showing the radical
improvements [14]. In 2015, in many organizations Lean became
greatly established and developed. Lots of manufacturing industry
Prepare to their own system and this system is more flexible to use.
Lean work is done by Pull production, which is considered as the
confusing concept for many. For avoiding over production, it is
considered as the significant tool [15]. The significant factor with
respect to competitiveness of the firm is the ‘‘Quality in produc-
tion”. But it was also observed that in mainly western SMEs, pro-
duct/service innovation is an indispensable asset for reducing the
succumbing of the competition in cost especially from the compa-
nies which are located in the low cost production countries [16].
More than 877 ‘‘Lean manufacturing production” managers have
greatly accepted the principles of lean thinking and it has been
applied by them successfully to many disciplines [17]. LM defini-
tions have been studied and commented by several researchers
as well as practitioners from all over the world. The main aim is
to show the accumulation of LM’s scholarly definitions which
shows principles, goals and scope of LM during the time 1988 to
2012. The contemporary literature as well as the literature has
been compared by Pette. He also concluded that no consensus
has been observed in the definition of LM by various authors. Dif-
ferent perspectives of the authors also observed that the character-
istic which should be considered with the concept of lean
manufacturing [18]. In the advanced stage, lean manufacturing is
considered as the learning journey for learning and growing, every
experience count as the opportunity. But it is important to know
that what will improve and what is already present in the market
[8]. Following the mainly used tools in the industries as follows:
Total Productive Maintenance or TPM: This is a method used to
maximize the availability of manufacturing equipment and
machinery, avoiding unexpected failures and possible defects gen-
erated. Zero Quality Control Method: Use and elimeted to defected
product on processing line by visual inspection sanser based are
used to product defect indicator so find defect levels to parts per
million. SMED Quick Change Method: This tool is used to reduce
model change times or machine or production line set-up times
for units of time under two digits, whether in hours, minutes or
seconds. Total Quality Approach: In this certification (ISO 9001)
or SGC system it is very important for the customer or client to
Fig. 1. Representation of the ‘Continuous Improvement Framework’ that is part of the company’s LM system [9].
M. Deshmukh, A. Gangele, Deepak Kumar Gope et al. Materials Today: Proceedings 62 (2022) 1489–1495
easy to check product quality parameter level. Poka Yoke. This is a
mechanism that helps to prevent errors before they occur, or fail-
ing that, it highlights the error so that the operator corrects it in
time.
Abhijit & Pillai, 2018 [1] Observed that the basic requirement
for the sustainable development can be attained through the grat-
ification of customers and which can be done through quality
improvement, decreasing cost, better communication and reduc-
tion in delivery time. In systematic approach, ‘‘Lean manufactur-
ing” guides manager to identify as well as remove the waste at
every single stage. From recent research it was observed that effec-
tive implementation of ‘‘lean manufacturing” leads to make the
organization profitable. The main aim of this method is to focus
on the low numbers of successful lean conversions. The major por-
tion of lean manufacturing is based on its appropriate methodol-
ogy and tools; it also depends upon the leadership, participation
of management, attitude of the employees and culture of the
organization.
Agrogiannis & Agrogiannis, 2015 [12] Stated that evolution of
technology as well as knowledge helps in characterizing the ‘‘con-
temporary competitive business environment”. Some other factors
which also contribute are production proliferation, monitoring sys-
tems to obtain qualitative products and distribution as well as dis-
tribution of valuable products to the customers. This leads to
increase in uncertainties related to competitive orientation as well
as strategic choices of modernized organizations. The implications
are heightened by secondary for complete business aspects for
example preparation, buying, manufacturing, logistics, and analy-
sis of business, marketing, and audit. All the mentioned above con-
ditions demand for the development and implementation of
management systems for identifying the systemic nature of the
business and it will also perform in a holistic way to deliver com-
petitive benefits. It is analysed that lean manufacturing method
will be interrelated with the CSR as well as sustainable develop-
ment. It will lead to produce more environment friendly method-
ologies and products.
S. A. Sharma & Aggarwal, 2019 [19] analysed that for overall
corporate strategy, marketing strategy is considered as the
dynamic component. Marketing strategy is considered as the indis-
pensable routine in which all marketers must engage for attracting
the attention of the customers. It is important to notice that the
product which is designed and marketed should be exclusive and
no other same product in the expanse of look-alike products.
1491
D et al., 2015 [20] Analysed that in the field of lean manufactur-ing, the research papers have been studied for obtaining the
knowledge about implementation level of different types of lean
tools, limitations and advantages of implementation are also taken
into consideration in this study. In this review paper, the generally
used lean tools have been studied and their most common limita-
tions and benefits are observed and listed here. ‘‘Quality of work
life” is one of the components which are the most common barrier.
Sundar et al., 2014 [21] Evaluated that the major reason behind
the development of lean manufacturing is the reduction of waste
with maximum resource utilization. Later, lean became advanced
and formulated as the response in this competitive business envi-
ronment. As the business environment is changing rapidly, it
becomes obligatory for the organizations to face complexities as
well as challenges. Either a manufacturing organization or a service
organization depends upon the systematic and continuous
response ability for the improvement in product value. However,
for achieving this perfection, value adding process is important.
Sujatha, Y and Rao, 2013 [22] analysed that the main aim of this
study is to provide the use of ‘‘Lean manufacturing technique” as
well as its tools are required in the ‘‘Silk manufacturing Industry”.
Fourteen major areas in the field of lean manufacturing are
explored through a questionnaire survey. The areas which are
explored are: tools, schedule, quality of product, material handling,
employees/ labour, inventory, method for working, suppliers of
raw material, layout, management & culture, safety precautions,
as well as design of the product. For each of the respective area,
the customers were asked to give a rating to the extent of execu-
tion. Calculations were performed for the average mean score
and statistical analyses were also performed. Moreover, several
other issues were also analysed through the survey which are
related with the lean manufacturing method which are: level of
understanding among the companies which are respondents here,
advantages and limitations, methods and equipment used by them,
etc. From the results of the survey, it was noticed that several com-
panies are committed to the implementation of ‘‘Lean manufactur-
ing” in their Silk production Industries. Moreover, it was also
observed that majority of them are ‘‘moderate-to-extensive”
implementers. For the adoption of lean manufacturing, all the four-
teen key areas are considered significant guide for the organiza-
tion. It is concluded that, this is the first study which
implemented the ‘‘Lean manufacturing” method in the Silk
Production.
M. Deshmukh, A. Gangele, Deepak Kumar Gope et al. Materials Today: Proceedings 62 (2022) 1489–1495
Chahala & Narwal, 2017 [15] Specified that the quality of prod-
ucts at least cost and customer satisfaction is provided through the
theory of lean manufacturing. Nowadays, each industry is trying to
supply high quality products at minimal cost due to the high com-
petition level. So, lean has become the latest modern tool for every
industry to achieve. Under several lean strategies, the main aim in
this study is to learn various lean concepts. From this study, the
status of lean manufacturing will be observed, and it will also help
in finding out the ways of implementation. This paper also dis-
cusses about the concept of ‘‘lean manufacturing” as well as lean
waste, strategies of lean and also the cycle of lean implementation.
For understanding the status of lean manufacturing, literature
review has been presented in this study and several strategies of
researchers is also obtained of relevant papers.
M et al., 2018 [23] Analysed that ‘Machine handling process”
involves the movement of raw material, finished goods as well as
semi-finished goods by several stages of manufacturing and ware-
housing. In various industries, forklift tools are widely used for var-
ious applications; for example, for lifting, for the harmless delivery
of products such as rawmaterial and boxes for packaging. Arrange-
ment of nuts as well as lead screw is also included in it. The size of
forklift equipment is compact, and it can also be used for manual
lifting. It is especially designed and manufactured for the small-
scale industries as they are not able to afford costly and huge
material.
Gupta et al., 2020 [16] Stated that ‘‘Lean is a method of improv-
ing operating efficiency by using a variety of lean tools and tech-
niques to assess an organization’s performance. In the past
several decades, the global ecosystem has seen a considerable
expansion in the use of lean manufacturing processes. Numerous
research studies have been evaluated to find prospective tech-
niques for identifying relevant lean tools that may be used in man-
ufacturing operations to improve productivity as well as customer
satisfaction. A literature evaluation was undertaken as part of the
research project to thoroughly examine the lean methodology
and other appropriate lean tools often used by manufacturing sec-
tors. On the other hand, a technique has been studied that found
that operational development as well as continuous enhancement
approaches with monitoring & maintaining performance are same
variables that may find appropriate lean tools in a manufacturing
operation. Operational efficiency factors, on the other hand, have
been found in the measurement of a subsequent research that crit-
ically characterized lean techniques for the manufacturing as well
as healthcare sectors. From the research study, appropriate lean
techniques have been discovered when comparing such company
environments. Finally, this research has established a conclusion
with an assessment of future scope.”
Alkhoraif et al., 2019 [13] Observed several literature reviews
for the implementation of Lean in large organizations with signif-
icantly focusing on the automobile sector. In ‘‘small as well as med-
ium enterprises”, the implementation of Lean manufacturing has
not been so extensively researched [24]. This study focuses on
the gaps by studying the literature reviews about lean implemen-
tation in ‘‘Small and medium enterprises” by identifying the chal-
lenges faced by them. In this study, the systematic methodology
has been used which was proposed by the Tranfield et al. (2003)
[25]. This study uses a method which allows profounder as well
as comprehensive analysis. It includes three stages which are plan-
ning, performance and reporting. In this study, at the first stage of
review around 403 papers have been studied with their heading,
abstracts as well as keywords. These were collected from various
data bases such as: Taylor and Francis, Scopus, ABI/INFORM Global,
Science Direct and BSCO Business Source Premier. For more syn-
theses, the obtained data was divided into four different categories.
The objective of this study is to make the current position of global
understanding of ‘‘Lean implementation” in ‘‘Small and Medium
1492
enterprises”. In this, the important types of Lean implementation
are also included in the context with ‘‘Small and medium Enter-
prises”. After that, for the implementation of ‘‘Lean manufactur-
ing”, an inclusive discussion of associated ‘‘Critical Success
Factors (CSFs)” is developed which can be used as the guide for
the managers and owners of ‘‘Small and medium enterprises”.
Therefore, suggestions are provided for the future research.
Bhamu & Sangwan, 2014 [2] Observed that at the starting of
21st century, several organizations are forced to minimize their
cost and focus on customer satisfaction and demand with the
advent of recession. Lean manufacturing reduces the waste with-
out the additional demand; hence it is widely used and suggested
by several industries. By several empirical as well as exploratory
studies, the LM is growing across the globe which overabundances
the definitions of LM with their scopes, goals and performance
indicators, techniques as well as concepts. The main objective of
this study is to analyse the literaturereviews of Lean manufactur-
ing and report these definitions, objectives and scope of the stud-
ies. Methodology used: The definitions are highlighted in this
paper which is provided by several researchers and practitioners.
In this study, 209 research papers were reviewed for their contri-
bution, approach used in this research, method used, author’s pro-
file, name of the country where the research has been conducted as
well as the year of publication. Results obtained from the LM def-
initions with their scope and objective. The aim of the research in
‘‘Lean Manufacturing” is the theoretical verification from explora-
tory studies as well as empirical studies. The main target of Lean
manufacturing research is the automotive industry, but other types
of industries are also adopting ‘‘Lean Manufacturing” technique. In
lean manufacturing, adoption of leanness in the supply chain is the
critical implementation factors [26]. Large varieties of manage-
ment practices as well as highly integrated elements are composed
in the Lean Manufacturing technique. In the framework of LM
implementation, lack of standard is observed. Several characteris-
tics are reviewed from the definitions of Lean Manufacturing.
S & L, 2018 [27] Explained that the significant component in
automobiles considered is the propeller shaft. This shaft helps
the vehicle in forward and reverse motion which means shaft per-
forms the function of transmitting torque to the wheel from the
engine. The name given to this shaft is ‘‘propeller shaft”. The objec-
tive of this study is to construct as well as the optimization of
weight of this shaft in light motor vehicles. In this study, tradi-
tional steel shaft is replaced with the E glass fiber. E glass fiber
has been used in the study as the composite material which
reduces the weight. Mode shape as well as the natural frequency
of propeller shaft are analysed. Suitable software is also used here
for the experimental investigation and for the prediction of failure.
Abualfaraa et al., 2020 [28] Observed that rapid change in busi-
ness market is making companies for adopting sustainable prac-
tices which includes health balance with respect to economic
balance, social and environmental performance. For that reason,
lean-green manufacturing technique is developed which joins
together the customer’s need and focuses on green practices to
reduce the impact of business on environment. This technique is
getting popularity. Moreover, as this is a new practice in the mar-
ket, so it lacks in clear and structured research definition. For mak-
ing the combination of lean manufacturing and green practices,
literature review has been conducted in this study. Such combina-
tion will fulfil the demand of current trends and the potential for
sustainable development. In this paper, the findings obtained by
the intentions of the authors can contribute in ‘‘state-of-the-art
of lean-green manufacturing” and it will also help in developing
effective strategies by developing tools and equipment for its
development.
An & Wang, 2017 [14] analysed that in automobiles, both
engine as well as transmission system are considered as the most
M. Deshmukh, A. Gangele, Deepak Kumar Gope et al. Materials Today: Proceedings 62 (2022) 1489–1495
critical parts which are known as universal joints. However, some
unwanted noise or vibration may occur in it after long term use
which leads to reduction in safety while driving. The faults relating
with the double cross universal joints are investigated in this
study. The fault analysis of the universal joints is provided from
this article, such as suggestions and recommendations are pro-
vided for the inspected for repairs or replace.
Bayrakceken et al., 2007 [8] Analysed that several components
in the power transmission system of the vehicles encounter unfor-
tunate failures. Failures are caused mainly due to various reasons
which are: fault in design and construction, faults in maintenance,
faults in raw materials and faults originated by users. In the pre-
sent study, in automobile power transmission systems, the fracture
analysis is conducted for the drive shaft and universal joint yoke.
Here for every part, hardness measurement, metallographic analy-
ses as well as spectroscopic analyses are performed. Stress analyses
are also conducted for determining the stress conditions at the
failed section by suing ‘‘Finite Element Method”.
Jasti & Kodali, 2015 [6] Analysed that ‘‘Lean supply chain man-
agement” has been considered as the growing field in research. To
review the already present LSCM frameworks as well as to propose
novel enhanced LSCM framework is the primary goal of this study.
With the aid of widespread literature survey, 30 LSCM frameworks
were collected. On the basis of novelty of the framework, for the
development of LSCM framework contribution of various research,
verification methods used by researchers and for LSCM elements
the degree of standardisation are the samples on which it is classi-
fied. Several frameworks have been proposed by researchers as per
the studies. It was also obtained from the study that in the field of
LSCM framework, there is a lack of participation of practitioners.
LSCM framework was proposed by using the huge number of inco-
herent elements. Future research will get guidance from the study
findings for the development of unified LSCM framework. By using
standard element in LSCM, the research of fersa broad LSCM frame-
work at the end of the study [29].
Anholon & Sano, 2016 [17] Analysed that several companies
have attained great benefits after adopting the lean manufacturing
methodology but room is still left for the improvement through its
implementation. Various critical processes are cited in the litera-
ture work for this subject during the lean projects’ implementation
for identifying and improving the better results. Lean manufactur-
ing projects are assessed through the mentioned literature by
suing project management guidelines. In the 5th edition of ‘‘Project
Management Body of Knowledge” specifically published 47 pro-
cesses. After interviewing with the seventeen professionals based
on questionnaire, it was observed that the major issue with the
implementation of lean manufacturing includes: human resources,
management of risk, stakeholders and procurements. Multidimen-
sional technique, statistical analysis as well as exploratory factor
analysis is used in this study for the presentation of valid results.
Vattipalli, 2019 [30] Observed that due to higher strength and
specific stiffness, ‘‘substantial composite structures” show numer-
ous benefits for the conventional metallic structures. This study
focuses on the conventional steel propeller shafts replacement
with the Kevlar. And for automotive application, high modulus car-
bon/epoxy composite propeller shafts are used. Reduction in
weight of composite propeller shaft is the main objective for which
design parameters were optimized. Significant improvement is
observed through design optimization in the propeller shaft
performance.
Fig. 2. Tools Driving Industry 4.0 [9].
4. Industry 4.0 and lean
Following the advent of Industry 4.0, a series of research have
been conducted to forecast as well as analyse its influence upon
1493
the lean manufacturing sectors’ long-term viability. Businesses
are attempting to understand how they might embrace Industry
4.0 in the era of the 4th industrial revolution, focusing on the tools
that will allow them to improve their performance over time. This
would be achievable if businesses are able to combine not just
Industry 4.0 idea with Lean Manufacturing, but also the human
component with the 4th industrial revolution’s instruments
(Fig. 2). This integration might help businesses to outperform their
competition in terms of performance as well as outcomes, as well
as productivity & flexibility (Fig. 3). Table 1 shows the results of
various research on Industry 4.0 tools, with the goal of determining
how these tools might help businessesimprove variables like effi-
ciency as well as production.
5. Discussion and conclusion
The main aim of this review paper is to find awareness and
potential for implementation of Lean tool in different sector. The
thought-about review papers are bunches of grouped awareness
concerning the Lean, lean tool & techniques, Different methodol-
ogy, Organization adopted to lean tool, NVA in process, implemen-
tation and performance parameter, Barrier, and edges of Lean.
Smart variety of studies on the market within the body of literature
specializing in the awareness and Potential for implementation of
Lean tool in numerous sectors. The one necessary such study is
mentioned in this literature review. Since we all know, LP has var-
ious drawbacks, including the demand instability as well as poor
product customisation. It will be feasible to establish lean produc-
tion a successful method, as well as eliminate its restrictions but
also improve the approach, by incorporating I4.0 technology into
the manufacturing process. Since technology as well as man will
work together, firms may succeed using a mix of strategies. Knowl-
edge of communication as well as information technology, as well
as big data analytics, is becoming more important for LM profes-
sionals as they prepare to lead enhancement initiatives in this
novel technological ecosystem as part of I4.0. These new sorts of
professionals, who must combine business vision, sociocultural
skills, as well as data analysis plus digital technology understand-
ing, will play a critical role in production organisations seeking to
advance toward I4.0.
Fig. 3. Indicative quantification of Industry 4.0 influence on value drivers [31].
Table 1
Literature Survey on Industry 4.0.
Authors I-4.0 Tools Work
R. Jones, M. G. McKie, I. R. Jones,
J. Miles [32]
Cloud Computing, Industrial Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data,
Simulation, Additive Manufacturing, Augmented Reality,
Autonomous Robots, Horizontal as well as Vertical System
Integration, plus Cybersecurity
The case study looks at how Lean methods were implemented in
an Engine Manufacturing Center, considering what drives people,
using technology, as well as adopting an Industry 4.0
perspective.
Rose Bertrand, Elafri Najwa,
Maleh Yassine, Majed
Abdeen, Gabriela Fernandes
[33]
The efficacy of all lean techniques in the context of the COVID 19
pandemic for Industry 4.0 s was evaluated using SPSS as well as
Smart PLS methodology.
This research attempts to provide empirical evidence of the
favorable impact of Lean Management tools with Industry 4.0
techniques on 5 organizational characteristics using a
questionnaire survey (leadership, strategy, culture, products,
operations as well as technology). Data was obtained from 98
Algerian as well as French enterprises of varied sizes but also
representing diverse activity categories. In the context of the
COVID-19 issue, participants were asked to address five
organizational characteristics (leadership, strategy, culture,
products, operations as well as technology).
Meysam Minufekr, Sri Kolla,
Peter Plapper [34]
Lean as well as ICT architecture in relation to Industry 4.0 are
being quantified
The primary goal of this study is to give current literature on
existing evaluation methods and, as a result, map lean as well as
industry 4.0 components to the unique features of
manufacturing SMEs. A summary with forecast for future study
are included at the end of the publication
Alessandro Ruggieri, Tommaso
Gallo, Chiara Cagnetti,
Cecilia Silvestri, [35]
Cyber-physic systems, robot, sensors, ICT plus digitalization, that
includes all production as well as logistic, Big data, Simulation, as
well as Cloud Computing. 3D printing etc. Internet of Things (IoT)
plus Network communication
The purpose of this article is to learn how these ideas may be
applied in a business. The findings reveal that academic research
is organised into two distinct clusters: (1) techniques or
implementation as well as (2) strategic or managerial
Fadi Assad, Rohin Titmarsh,
Robert Harrison [31]
Six Sigma’s incorporation into Industry 4.0
Additive Manufacturing, Augmented Reality, Big Data,
Simulation, Cloud Computing, Industrial Internet of Things (IoT)
From the viewpoint of Industry 4.0 as well as its enablers, this
article presents a methodology for employing six sigma to
accomplish sustainable production requirements. The impact of
communication as well as information technology (ICTs) on the
link between lean six sigma DMAIC as well as sustainable
manufacturing 6R is investigated. The effectiveness of the
suggested technique is investigated using the case study of
cylindrical cell battery production process
Abrar Ali Deshmukh, Marina
Marinelli, Marina Marinelli,
Abrar Ali Deshmukh [36]
IoT for data exchange, Real time data, Big data Analytics,
predictive algorithms, Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) as well as
robots have been found to be popular tools.
This study looks on industry practises in the industrial sector
when it comes to combining Industry 4.0 with lean technologies.
Crhistian R. Baldo , Vagner
Agostinho Jr.[9]
Horizontal as well as Vertical System Integration, Cloud
Computing, Big Data, Industrial Internet of Things (IoT),
Augmented Reality, Additive Manufacturing, Simulation,
Cybersecurity and Autonomous Robots
In this context, the influence of I4.0 on the abilities of the Lean
professionals is discussed in this research. In the framework of
I4.0, it is possible to see that, in addition to the technical abilities
related to programming as well as data science, analytical plus
interpersonal skills make up the sociocultural skills required of
future professionals.
M. Deshmukh, A. Gangele, Deepak Kumar Gope et al. Materials Today: Proceedings 62 (2022) 1489–1495
1494
M. Deshmukh, A. Gangele, Deepak Kumar Gope et al. Materials Today: Proceedings 62 (2022) 1489–1495
CRediT authorship contribution statement
Manish Deshmukh: Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing
– original draft. Anshul Gangele: Writing – review & editing,
Supervision. Deepak Kumar Gope: Data curation, Supervision,
Writing – original draft. Saurabh Dewangan: Data curation, Writ-
ing – review & editing.
Declaration of Competing Interest
The authors declare that they have no known competing finan-
cial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared
to influence the work reported in this paper.
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	Study and implementation of lean manufacturing strategies: A literature review
	1 Introduction
	2 Principles and practices of lean manufacturing
	3 Overview of lean
	4 Industry 4.0 and lean
	5 Discussion and conclusion
	CRediT authorship contribution statement
	Declaration of Competing Interest
	References